Name: preparation of herbal medicine: er-xian decoction and er-xian-containing serum for in vivo and in vitro experiments
Uploaded: 2017-05-31T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了中国国家自然科学基金（81573992）的支持。我们感谢Emily K. Lo和Kathleen DiNapoli的语言编辑协助。

该协议遵循上海中医药大学动物护理方针，经动物实验上海动物伦理委员会批准。 议定书I：准备EXD <ol><li> 计算 <ol><li>将EXD给予10名6个月大的雌性印记控制区（ICR）小鼠（0.02kg /小鼠）的治疗组，每周5天，持续12周。 注意：需要总共1.702个EXD。因为EXD是以离散的增量来衡量的，在实际中，管理2个EXD。 </li><li>计算每只小鼠施用的EXD的体积（ 即 V =（0.141...

<ol>
	<li>Zhang, L. G., Ouyang, X. W., Wu, T. T., Ni, L. J., Shi, W. Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantitative+evaluation+of+in+vitro+effects+and+interactions+of+active+fractions+in+a+Chinese+medicinal+formula+(Yaotongning+Capsule)+on+rat+chondrocytes.">Quantitative evaluation of in vitro effects and interactions of active fractions in a Chinese medicinal formula (Yaotongning Capsule) on rat chondrocytes.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 155 (3), 1424-1432 (2014).</li><li>Ogawa, Y., Fujii, Y., Sugiyama, R., Konishi, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+the+seven+crude+drug+components+in+the+sleep-promoting+effect+of+Yokukansan.">The role of the seven crude drug components in the sleep-promoting effect of Yokukansan.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 177, 19-27 (2016).</li><li>Kim, J. H., Doh, E. J., Lee, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+Medicinal+Categorization+of+Atractylodes+japonica+Koidz.+by+Using+Internal+Transcribed+Spacer+Sequencing+Analysis+and+HPLC+Fingerprinting+Combined+with+Statistical+Tools.">Evaluation of Medicinal Categorization of Atractylodes japonica Koidz. by Using Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequencing Analysis and HPLC Fingerprinting Combined with Statistical Tools.</a> Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016, 2926819 (2016).</li><li>Sheridan, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+potential+of+metabolic+fingerprinting+as+a+tool+for+the+modernisation+of+TCM+preparations.">The potential of metabolic fingerprinting as a tool for the modernisation of TCM preparations.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 140 (3), 482-491 (2012).</li><li>Planas, G. M., Kucacute, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Contraceptive+Properties+of+Stevia+rebaudiana.">Contraceptive Properties of Stevia rebaudiana.</a> Science. 162 (3857), 1007 (1968).</li><li>Tashino, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term="Serum+pharmacology"+and+"serum+pharmaceutical+chemistry":+from+pharmacology+of+Chinese+traditional+medicines+to+start+a+new+measurement+of+drug+concentration+in+blood.">"Serum pharmacology" and "serum pharmaceutical chemistry": from pharmacology of Chinese traditional medicines to start a new measurement of drug concentration in blood.</a> Ther Drug Monit Res. 5, 54-64 (1988).</li><li>Cao, Y., Liu, F., Huang, Z., Zhang, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protective+effects+of+Guanxin+Shutong+capsule+drug-containing+serum+on+tumor+necrosis+factor-alpha-induced+endothelial+dysfunction+through+nicotinamide+adenine+dinucleotide+phosphate+oxidase+and+the+nitric+oxide+pathway.">Protective effects of Guanxin Shutong capsule drug-containing serum on tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced endothelial dysfunction through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and the nitric oxide pathway.</a> Exp Ther Med. 8 (3), 998-1004 (2014).</li><li>Fu, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ex+Vivo+Stromal+Cell-Derived+Factor+1-Mediated+Differentiation+of+Mouse+Bone+Marrow+Mesenchymal+Stem+Cells+into+Hepatocytes+Is+Enhanced+by+Chinese+Medicine+Yiguanjian+Drug-Containing+Serum.">Ex Vivo Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1-Mediated Differentiation of Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Hepatocytes Is Enhanced by Chinese Medicine Yiguanjian Drug-Containing Serum.</a> Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016, 7380439 (2016).</li><li>Chen, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Application+of+serum+pharmacology+in+evaluating+the+antitumor+effect+of+Fuzheng+Yiliu+Decoction+from+Chinese+Medicine.">Application of serum pharmacology in evaluating the antitumor effect of Fuzheng Yiliu Decoction from Chinese Medicine.</a> Chin J Integr Med. 20 (6), 450-455 (2014).</li><li>Sze, S. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+mechanism:+Erxian+Decoction,+a+Chinese+medicine+formula,+for+relieving+menopausal+syndrome.">A novel mechanism: Erxian Decoction, a Chinese medicine formula, for relieving menopausal syndrome.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 123 (1), 27-33 (2009).</li><li>Sze, S. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+Erxian+decoction,+a+Chinese+medicinal+formulation,+on+serum+lipid+profile+in+a+rat+model+of+menopause.">Effects of Erxian decoction, a Chinese medicinal formulation, on serum lipid profile in a rat model of menopause.</a> Chin Med. 6, 40 (2011).</li><li>Zhong, L. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+randomized,+double-blind,+controlled+trial+of+a+Chinese+herbal+formula+(Er-Xian+decoction)+for+menopausal+symptoms+in+Hong+Kong+perimenopausal+women.">A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of a Chinese herbal formula (Er-Xian decoction) for menopausal symptoms in Hong Kong perimenopausal women.</a> Menopause. 20 (7), 767-776 (2013).</li><li>Wang, S. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Steroidogenic+effect+of+Erxian+decoction+for+relieving+menopause+via+the+p-Akt/PKB+pathway+in+vitro+and+in+vivo.">Steroidogenic effect of Erxian decoction for relieving menopause via the p-Akt/PKB pathway in vitro and in vivo.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. , (2016).</li><li>Lin, L., Wu, S., Tang, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[Clinical+observation+and+experimental+study+of+the+treatment+of+aplastic+anemia+by+warming+and+tonifying+the+spleen+and+kidney].">[Clinical observation and experimental study of the treatment of aplastic anemia by warming and tonifying the spleen and kidney].</a> Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 10 (5), 272-274 (1990).</li><li>Nian, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antiosteoporotic+activity+of+Er-Xian+Decoction,+a+traditional+Chinese+herbal+formula,+in+ovariectomized+rats.">Antiosteoporotic activity of Er-Xian Decoction, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, in ovariectomized rats.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 108 (1), 96-102 (2006).</li><li>Qin, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antiosteoporotic+chemical+constituents+from+Er-Xian+Decoction,+a+traditional+Chinese+herbal+formula.">Antiosteoporotic chemical constituents from Er-Xian Decoction, a traditional Chinese herbal formula.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 118 (2), 271-279 (2008).</li><li>Xue, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+HNMR-based+metabonomics+study+of+postmenopausal+osteoporosis+and+intervention+effects+of+Er-Xian+Decoction+in+ovariectomized+rats.">A HNMR-based metabonomics study of postmenopausal osteoporosis and intervention effects of Er-Xian Decoction in ovariectomized rats.</a> Int J Mol Sci. 12 (11), 7635-7651 (2011).</li><li>Lu, X. N., Xu, X. R., Lin, L. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[Clinical+observation+of+bushen+er'xian+decoction+in+treating+premature+ovarian+failure].">[Clinical observation of bushen er'xian decoction in treating premature ovarian failure].</a> Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 28 (7), 594-596 (2008).</li><li>Yu, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anti-angiogenic+activity+of+Erxian+Decoction,+a+traditional+Chinese+herbal+formula,+in+zebrafish.">Anti-angiogenic activity of Erxian Decoction, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, in zebrafish.</a> Biol Pharm Bull. 35 (12), 2119-2127 (2012).</li><li>Chu, E. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+investigation+of+the+antimetastatic+effects+of+a+Chinese+medicinal+decoction,+erxian+decoction,+on+human+ovarian+cancer+models.">An in vitro and in vivo investigation of the antimetastatic effects of a Chinese medicinal decoction, erxian decoction, on human ovarian cancer models.</a> Integr Cancer Ther. 12 (4), 336-346 (2013).</li><li>Zhu, Z., Li, L., Jin, X., Fang, J., Zhang, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Er-Xian+Decoction,+a+traditional+Chinese+herbal+formula,+intervening+early+in+hypothalamic-pituitary+axis+of+male+rats+with+delayed+puberty.">Er-Xian Decoction, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, intervening early in hypothalamic-pituitary axis of male rats with delayed puberty.</a> Pharmacogn Mag. 10 (40), 517-521 (2014).</li><li>Miao, M. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Experimental animals and technology. 1997, 145 (1997).</li><li>Soleimani, M., Nadri, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+protocol+for+isolation+and+culture+of+mesenchymal+stem+cells+from+mouse+bone+marrow.">A protocol for isolation and culture of mesenchymal stem cells from mouse bone marrow.</a> Nat Protoc. 4 (1), 102-106 (2009).</li><li>Lu, S., Huang, J., Wang, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Er-Xian+Decoction+Stimulates+Osteoblastic+Differentiation+of+Bone+Mesenchymal+Stem+Cells+in+Ovariectomized+Mice+and+Its+Gene+Profile+Analysis.">Er-Xian Decoction Stimulates Osteoblastic Differentiation of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ovariectomized Mice and Its Gene Profile Analysis.</a> Stem Cells International. 2016, 4079210 (2016).</li><li>Turner, P. V., Brabb, T., Pekow, C., Vasbinder, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Administration+of+substances+to+laboratory+animals:+routes+of+administration+and+factors+to+consider.">Administration of substances to laboratory animals: routes of administration and factors to consider.</a> J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 50 (5), 600-613 (2011).</li><li>Wu, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simultaneous+determination+of+seven+flavonoids+in+dog+plasma+by+ultra-performance+liquid+chromatography-tandem+mass+spectrometry+and+its+application+to+a+bioequivalence+study+of+bioactive+components+in+Herba+Epimedii+and+Er-Xian+Decoction.">Simultaneous determination of seven flavonoids in dog plasma by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a bioequivalence study of bioactive components in Herba Epimedii and Er-Xian Decoction.</a> J Pharm Biomed Anal. 54 (1), 186-191 (2011).</li><li>Hu, Y. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+the+major+chemical+constituents+and+their+metabolites+in+rat+plasma+and+various+organs+after+oral+administration+of+effective+Erxian+Decoction+(EXD)+fraction+by+liquid+chromatography-mass+spectrometry.">Identification of the major chemical constituents and their metabolites in rat plasma and various organs after oral administration of effective Erxian Decoction (EXD) fraction by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.</a> Biomed Chromatogr. 24 (5), 479-489 (2010).</li><li>Xue, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+and+interaction+of+icariin,+curculigoside,+and+berberine+in+er-xian+decoction,+a+traditional+chinese+medicinal+formula,+on+osteoclastic+bone+resorption.">Effects and interaction of icariin, curculigoside, and berberine in er-xian decoction, a traditional chinese medicinal formula, on osteoclastic bone resorption.</a> Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. , (2012).</li><li>Nair, A. B., Jacob, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+simple+practice+guide+for+dose+conversion+between+animals+and+human.">A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human.</a> J Basic Clin Pharm. 7 (2), 27-31 (2016).</li><li>Xu, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protective+effect+of+the+traditional+Chinese+medicine+xuesaitong+on+intestinal+ischemia-reperfusion+injury+in+rats.">Protective effect of the traditional Chinese medicine xuesaitong on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.</a> Int J Clin Exp Med. 8 (2), 1768-1779 (2015).</li><li>Li, Z., Wang, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=On+the+methods+for+Chinese+herbs+serum+pharmcology.">On the methods for Chinese herbs serum pharmcology.</a> Zhong Guo Zhong Yi Yao Xing Xi Za Zhi. 9 (2), 5-6 (2002).</li><li>Jiang, Y. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+chinese+herbal+drug-containing+serum+for+activating-blood+and+dispelling-toxin+on+ox-LDL-induced+inflammatory+factors'+expression+in+endothelial+cells.">Effect of chinese herbal drug-containing serum for activating-blood and dispelling-toxin on ox-LDL-induced inflammatory factors' expression in endothelial cells.</a> Chin J Integr Med. 18 (1), 30-33 (2012).</li><li>Guo, C. Y., Ma, X. J., Liu, Q., Yin, H. J., Shi, D. Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[Effect+of+Chinese+herbal+drug-containing+serum+for+activating+blood,+activating+blood+and+dispelling+toxin+on+TNF-alpha-induced+adherence+between+endothelial+cells+and+neutrophils+and+the+expression+of+MAPK+pathway].">[Effect of Chinese herbal drug-containing serum for activating blood, activating blood and dispelling toxin on TNF-alpha-induced adherence between endothelial cells and neutrophils and the expression of MAPK pathway].</a> Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 35 (2), 204-209 (2015).</li><li>Li, Y., Xia, J. Y., Chen, W., Deng, C. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+Ling+Qi+Juan+Gan+capsule+drug-containing+serum+on+PDGF-induced+proliferation+and+JAK/STAT+signaling+of+HSC-T6+cells].">Effects of Ling Qi Juan Gan capsule drug-containing serum on PDGF-induced proliferation and JAK/STAT signaling of HSC-T6 cells].</a> Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 21 (9), 663-667 (2013).</li><li>Li, Y. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[Some+issues+in+methology+of+Chinese+herbs+serum+pharmcology].">[Some issues in methology of Chinese herbs serum pharmcology].</a> Zhong Yao Xin Yao Yu Lin Chuang Yao Li. 10 (5), 263 (1999).</li><li>Zhang, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[A+review+of+Chinese+herbs+serum+pharmcology+methodological+study].">[A review of Chinese herbs serum pharmcology methodological study].</a> Nan Jing Zhong Yi Yao Da Xue Xue Bao. 18 (4), 254 (2002).</li><li>Zhang, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[Issues+and+strategies+for+study+of+serum+pharmcology+in+oncology].">[Issues and strategies for study of serum pharmcology in oncology].</a> Zhong Yi Yan Jiu. 17 (5), 13-14 (2004).</li></ol>

近年来，更多的关注草药，一种在东方世界临床环境中应用了数千年的替代药物。传统草药与现代医学的“长凳式”床不同，首先需要“床到凳”的模式来解释他们的机制。这可以在后台进行验证，并进行开发新优化药物的处理。到目前为止，已经报道了从整个配方或草药释放活性成分的几种提取方法。其中，水提取是最广泛使用的。 中草药的提取有四个基本步骤。第一步?...

对传统草药研究和应用的兴趣目前正在增长。与现代药物相反，化学成分明确，草药配方有一些未知的成分，需要提取过程才能使其活性化合物交付。虽然许多研究尝试选择一种具有众所周知结构的小化合物作为全草药或草药配方的代表，但药理作用和机制均不能等同于1,2 。虽然指纹图谱能够分析复方草药配方的成分，但一些成分仍未得到清晰分析，结合所有研究提取物3时会带来挑战。许多成分/提取物的相互作用介导中草药的治疗效果。为了保留这个优势，传统的提取物形式 - 煎煮离子 - 仍然广泛应用于诊所。由于提取方法对治疗效果有很大影响，因此传统水煎剂的标准方案是必要的，特别是对于体内研究4,5 。 另一方面，当探索药理机制时，体外或体外研究中草药煎剂的施用也是一个挑战。药物血清的概念最初由Tashino于1988年提出6 。从那时起，越来越多的研究人员将其应用于草药7,8,9 。虽然含药血清的方法有一定的局限性，如血清某些成分的影响，但仍被认为是与生理条件密切相关的方法。 14 ，更年期骨质疏松症15,16,17 ，早产卵巢功能衰竭18 ，乳腺癌19 ，卵巢癌20和延迟青春期21 。在这里，我们提出了制定呃ian汤（EXD）及其含药血清的详细方案。此外，我们描述了含有EXD和EXD的血清对鼠绝经期骨质疏松模型的应用。 一个EXD由9g Curculigo orchioides Gaertn ， Herbaa Epimedii组成 + ， 甘草和当归，每个成年患者每天6g 皮质黄柏和根瘤菌 。基于以下等式22，小鼠的等效剂量为0.1418EXD / kg /天：dB = dA * RB / RA *（WA / WB） 1/3 。 dA和dB分别表示人和小鼠每体重的剂量（mg / kg）。剂量（mg / kg）由EXD / kg的数量代替。 RA和RB分别代表（体表面积（m 2 ）/体重（kg）） 2/3 （ 参见表1 ）成比例的人体因子和小鼠体内因子。 WA和WB分别表示人和小鼠的体重（kg）。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="651">
	
	<tbody>
		<tr height="165">
			<td height="165" style="height:165px;width:216px;">Curculigo orchioides Gaertn (9&#8201;g), Herbaa Epimedii (9&#8201;g), Radix Morindae Officinalis (9&#8201;g), Radix Angelicae Sinensis (9&#8201;g), Cortex Phellodendri (6&#8201;g), and Rhizoma Anemarrhenae (6&#8201;g)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Kang-qiao Chinese Medicine Yinpian Co. Ltd (Shanghai, CN)</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">160922</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">EXD components</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:216px;">Filter paper</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">GElifesciences</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">99-103-952</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Filter EXD decoction before concentration</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:216px;">Imprinting Control Region (ICR) mice</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Shanghai Laboratory Animal Center</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">SCXK 2007-0005</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">In vivo study</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="60">
			<td height="60" style="height:60px;width:216px;">Sprague Dawley rats</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Shanghai Laboratory Animal Center</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">SCXK 2007-0005</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">EXD-containing serum preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:216px;">Syringe filter</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">SLGP033RB</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">0.22 &#181;m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="61">
			<td height="61" style="height:61px;width:216px;">gavage needles (10 ml)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Shanghai BO Ge trade sales department</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">59104274</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Adminstration of EXD</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="41">
			<td height="41" style="height:41px;">Ketamine (80 mg/kg)&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Fujian Gutian Pharma Co. Ltd</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">H35020148</td>
			<td>Anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="41">
			<td height="41" style="height:41px;width:216px;">Xylazine (10 mg/kg)</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Sunway Pharma Co. Ltd</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CB07591</td>
			<td>Anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="81">
			<td height="81" style="height:81px;width:216px;">Dulbecco&#8217;s modification of Eagle&#8217;s medium Dulbecco (DMEM) culture medium</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">12800-116</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">DMEM with 2 mM L-glutamine and without ribonucleosides and ribonucleotides</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Streptomycin</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Sigma</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">1277</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">100 &#181;g / ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Penicillin</td>
			<td style="width:149px;">Sigma</td>
			<td align="right" style="width:119px;">4687</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">100 &#181;g / ml</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

preparation of herbal medicine: er-xian decoction and er-xian-containing serum for in vivo and in vitro experiments

传统草药是临床环境中的替代药物，近年来受到越来越多的关注。在运送到身体之前，通常需要额外的提取方法来从原料中释放活性成分。水煎剂是一种经典的提取方法，在临床环境中仍然广泛应用。在这里，我们提出了一个详细的呃ian汤（EXD）方案，以便将草药煎药应用于实验研究。描述了动物适当剂量的计算，以及EXD的四个主要步骤：浸泡，水煎剂，过滤和浓缩。此外，将含有血清的EXD作为体外验证手段引入大鼠。在这里，大鼠经口给予EXD三天。然后收集血液样品，灭活，离心和过滤。用培养基稀释的血清可用于治疗v。中的细胞或组织itro。例如，EXD被应用于体内和体外研究，并且表明EXD增强成骨。该方案可作为草药的制备和应用参考。

EXD对OVX小鼠骨密度的影响腰椎椎体部分的苏木精和伊红（H＆E）染色显示体外EXD处理后增加的骨小梁（ 图1A ，右图）与OVX组相比（ 图1A ，左图）。 图1B显示OVX小鼠（ 图1B ，左图）和EXD处理12周的OVX小鼠的代表性μCT图像（ 图1B ，右图）。在EXD治疗的小鼠的腰椎椎弓?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments at JoVE.com

Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

在这里，我们以四个步骤 - 浸泡，煎煮，过滤和浓缩四个步骤介绍了一种呃ian汤（EXD）的制备方法，并且证明了给大鼠制备的含有EXD的血清。这些方法适用于中药等中草药的体内和体外研究。

草药的制备：洱西汤和含茜素的血清<em&gt;体内</em&gt;和<em&gt;体外</em&gt;实验

Traditional herbal medicine, an alternative medicine in the clinical setting, has received increased attention in recent years. Before delivery to the ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

In vivo 19F MRI for Cell Tracking

In vivo 19F MRI for Cell Tracking

在体内 19女性 MRI对细胞跟踪

In vivo 19F MRI allows quantitative cell tracking without the use of ionizing radiation. It is a noninvasive technique that can be applied to humans. ...

科研

医学

Carotid Artery Infusions for Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Taxanes in Mice

颈动脉输液的紫杉烷类化合物在小鼠体内的药代动力学和药效学分析

When proposing the use of a drug, drug combination, or drug delivery into a novel system, one must assess the pharmacokinetics of the drug in the study ...

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo

评估癌症药物过敏的有效性<em&gt;在体外</em&gt;和<em&gt;在体内</em

Due to the high level of heterogeneity and mutations inherent in human cancers, single agent therapies, or combination regimens which target the same ...

Validation of Nanobody and Antibody Based In Vivo Tumor Xenograft NIRF-imaging Experiments in Mice Using Ex Vivo Flow Cytometry and Microscopy

Validation of Nanobody and Antibody Based In Vivo Tumor Xenograft NIRF-imaging Experiments in Mice Using Ex Vivo Flow Cytometry and Microscopy

纳米抗体和基于抗体的验证<em&gt;在体内</em&gt;肿瘤异种移植NIRF成像的小鼠实验使用<em&gt;离体</em&gt;流式细胞仪和显微镜

This protocol outlines the steps required to perform ex vivo validation of in vivo near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) xenograft imaging experiments in mice ...

Depletion of Mouse Cells from Human Tumor Xenografts Significantly Improves Downstream Analysis of Target Cells

从人类肿瘤异种移植的小鼠细胞的消耗显着改善靶细胞下游分析

The use of in vitro cell line models for cancer research has been a useful tool. However, it has been shown that these models fail to reliably mimic ...

Optimized Analysis of In Vivo and In Vitro Hepatic Steatosis

Optimized Analysis of In Vivo and In Vitro Hepatic Steatosis

优化分析<em&gt;在体内</em&gt;和<em&gt;体外</em&gt;脂肪肝

Establishing a system of procedures to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize in vivo and in vitro hepatic steatosis is important for metabolic ...

Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Magnetized miR-modified Endothelial Cells

Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Magnetized miR-modified Endothelial Cells

制备和<em&gt;体外</em&gt;磁化的表征的miR-改性内皮细胞

To date, the available surgical and pharmacological treatments for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are limited and often palliative. At the same time, gene ...

In Vitro and In Vivo Detection of Mitophagy in Human Cells, C. Elegans, and Mice

In Vitro and In Vivo Detection of Mitophagy in Human Cells, C. Elegans, and Mice

体外和体内检测人类细胞中的 Mitophagy,线虫和小鼠

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of cells and produce cellular energy in the form of ATP. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to biological aging and a ...

Preparation Of Gushukang (GSK) Granules for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

Preparation Of Gushukang GSK Granules for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

古树康 (GSK) 颗粒的制备,用于 Vivo 和体外实验

Traditional Chinese herbal medicine plays a role as an alternative method in treating many diseases, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP). Gushukang ...

Use of a Linear Accelerator for Conducting In Vitro Radiobiology Experiments

使用线性加速器进行体外放射生物学实验

Radiation therapy remains one of the cornerstones of cancer management. For most cancers, it is the most effective, nonsurgical therapy to debulk tumors. ...