Name: a mouse model of single and repetitive mild traumatic brain injury
Uploaded: 2017-06-20T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Mouse Model of Single and Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了国家神经病学和中风研究所（MPB）的R01 NS067417的支持。

这些研究严格按照“国家卫生研究院实验动物护理和使用指南”中的建议进行。该协议经乔治敦大学机构动物保护和使用委员会批准。将小鼠饲养在温度控制的动物设施中，并保持在12小时光/ 12小时黑暗循环。食物和水随意提供 。 1.制备mTBI仪器注意：mTBI设备包括一个控制冲击参数的数据采集（DAQ）箱，一个执行冲击的高速气动冲击器，以及一个模...

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P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+concussive-like+brain+injury+model+in+mice+(II):+selective+neuronal+loss+in+the+cortex+and+hippocampus.">A concussive-like brain injury model in mice (II): selective neuronal loss in the cortex and hippocampus.</a> J Neurotrauma. 14 (11), 863-873 (1997).</li><li>Winston, C. N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dendritic+Spine+Loss+and+Chronic+White+Matter+Inflammation+in+a+Mouse+Model+of+Highly+Repetitive+Head+Trauma.">Dendritic Spine Loss and Chronic White Matter Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Highly Repetitive Head Trauma.</a> Am J Pathol. 186 (3), 552-567 (2016).</li><li>Johnson, V. 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在人类中，mTBI的特征在于没有结构性损伤的功能障碍。这可能与意识丧失有关，或没有意识丧失1 。目前认为接触重复脑震荡是神经变性疾病如CTE 4发展和/或发展的基础。据了解，CTE通常在拳击手和足球运动员中被发现，尽管暴露于重复脑震荡（包括不导致意识丧失的人）被认为是开发CTE的基本要素，但我们还不知道为什么重复脑震荡引起大脑中发生明显变化?...

创伤性脑损伤（TBI）被定义为由外部物理力量持续的头部损伤，导致正常脑功能的破坏。它代表了重大的社会经济和公共卫生负担，“国际疾病预防控制中心2015年报告”向国会估计，每年有250万美国人维持TBI。这不仅影响了患者的生活质量，而且对社会造成极高的经济成本，目前估计每年为765亿美元。传达的实际脑损伤的数量和急性期症状是定义轻度，中度和重度TBI。 轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）也被称为脑震荡，占每年报告的TBI的70％以上1 。参加拳击和足球2高风险接触运动的运动员最常见。不像中度或严重形式的TBI，与mTBI相关的直接损害和症状有时不明显3 。相比之下，mTBI的长期影响可能与中度和重度形式的长期影响一样虚弱。患有重复mTBI的患者已被证明会发展为慢性创伤性脑病（CTE），以及其他认知和退行性疾病。因此，重要的是要进一步了解有助于mTBI之后产生的短期症状和总体长期损害的机制。 在人类中，第四届国际体育冲击大会（苏黎世2012）定义的脑震荡定义5指出，体育震荡的伤害程度轻微，不会造成严重的病理变化，但确实造成短期神经功能缺损这是自发解决的。事实上，研究调查了使用头撞式遥测系统，mTBI对高中足球运动员认知障碍的影响。这项研究显示，在一个赛季，玩家持续头盔影响&gt; 20g的次数从226人（平均每场4.7次）的高点到1855年（平均每场38.6次） 6次 。大多数这些影响并不导致脑震荡的临床诊断;但是使用fMRI 6可以观察到脑功能的功能变化的证据。导致这些功能变化的大脑变化是未知的，因此迫切需要有一个可靠和可重复的模型，以便于研究震荡和次冲击性mTBI的影响。 尽管以前尝试在小鼠和老鼠中建模mTBI 7 ，但许多报告不良反应。特别是，大多数啮齿动物模型的重复性质受到限制5 mTBIs的影响，以及不良的病理事件，包括脑内出血，颅骨骨折，严重的轴突损伤，神经元细胞死亡和增加的死亡率8,9,10,11,12。在这里，我们描述了更接近人类脑震荡真正定义的mTBI的小鼠模型。该模型概括了人类mTBI中观察到的许多症状，例如导致意识暂时丧失的机械力，没有明显的大脑病理学。此外，有利的是，它可以用于长时间段的单次冲击和重复冲击范例，如前所述13 。

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:323px;">VIP 3000 calibrated vaporizer</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Masking Tape</td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:323px;">anti-Iba1 antibody</td>
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a mouse model of single and repetitive mild traumatic brain injury

轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）可导致脑功能急性丧失，包括混乱期，意识丧失（LOC），局部神经功能缺损甚至健忘症。参加联系运动的运动员面临着大量mTBI的高风险。在体育运动员的伤害程度方面，mTBI被定义为不会引起严重病理改变的轻度损伤，但是会导致自发解决的短期神经功能缺损。尽管以前曾尝试在小鼠和老鼠中建模mTBI，但许多人报告了总体不良反应，包括颅骨骨折，脑内出血，轴突损伤和神经元细胞死亡。在这里，我们描述了我们高度重复性的mTBI动物模型，其复制临床相关症状。该型号使用定制的气动冲击器装置来传递闭合头部的创伤。这种影响是在精确的速度和变形参数下进行的，创建一个可靠和可重复的模型来检查有助于单个或重复的震荡mTBI的影响的机制。

使用这种新颖的mTBI装置允许单次和重复的轻度头部损伤，没有颅骨骨折或结构性脑损伤的风险。该型号采用定制的气动特氟龙冲击器装置，可提供封闭的头部机械能量冲击。在精确的速度和变形参数下产生影响，创建可靠和可重复的模型来检查有助于单个或重复的震荡mTBI的影响的机制（ 图1 ）。 LOC的?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Mouse Model of Single and Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury at JoVE.com

A Mouse Model of Single and Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

运动员每年吸收数百次轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）/脑震荡;然而，这些对大脑的后果不甚了解。因此，单次和重复性mTBI的动物模型始终如一地复制临床相关症状，为进一步研究mTBI和脑震荡提供了手段。

单一和重复轻度创伤性脑损伤的小鼠模型

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) can result in the acute loss of brain function, including a period of confusion, a loss of consciousness (LOC), focal ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Normothermic Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Mouse Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

常温心脏骤停和心肺复苏术：缺血再灌注损伤的小鼠模型

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common, highly lethal, complication of critical illness which has a high mortality1-4 and which is most 
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科研

医学

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Identification of biomarkers representing the evolution of the pathophysiology of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is vitally important, not only for ...

Stretch in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (cEND) as an In Vitro Traumatic Brain Injury Model of the Blood Brain Barrier

Stretch in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells cEND as an In Vitro Traumatic Brain Injury Model of the Blood Brain Barrier

作为脑微血管内皮细胞（CEND）的伸展<em&gt;体外</em创伤性脑损伤模型血脑屏障

Due to the high mortality incident brought about by traumatic brain injury (TBI), methods that would enable one to better understand the underlying ...

Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury

控制皮层影响模型创伤性脑损伤

Every year over a million Americans suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI).  Combined with the incidence of TBIs worldwide, the physical, emotional, ...

Renal Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury: A Mouse Model of Injury and Regeneration

肾缺血再灌注损伤：损伤的小鼠模型和再生

Renal ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients and occlusion of renal blood flow is unavoidable ...

A Novel Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Juvenile Rats

轻度脑外伤的幼年大鼠一种新模式

Despite growing evidence that childhood represents a major risk period for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) from sports-related concussions, motor ...

A Neonatal Mouse Spinal Cord Compression Injury Model

新生儿小鼠脊髓压迫损伤模型

Spinal cord injury (SCI) typically causes devastating neurological deficits, particularly through damage to fibers descending from the brain to the spinal ...

A Mouse Model of Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Elevation of Intraocular Pressure

视网膜缺血再灌注损伤的小鼠模型通过眼压升高

Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a pathophysiological process contributing to cellular damage in multiple ocular conditions, including glaucoma, ...

A Repetitive Concussive Head Injury Model in Mice

重复震荡颅脑损伤模型小鼠

Despite the concussion/ mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) being the most frequent occurrence of traumatic brain injury, there is still a lack of ...

A Tissue Displacement-based Contusive Spinal Cord Injury Model in Mice

基于组织位移的小鼠脊髓损伤模型

Producing a consistent and reproducible contusive spinal cord injury (SCI) is critical to minimizing behavioral and histological variabilities between ...