Name: novel object recognition test for the investigation of learning and memory in mice
Uploaded: 2017-08-30T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Novel Object Recognition Test for the Investigation of Learning and Memory in Mice at JoVE.com

Arbeid sitert og tidligere utgitt av forfatteren ble støttet av et stipend fra National Institute of Mental Health (MH088480). Forfatteren ønsker å takke sin tidligere mentor, Dr. James O'Donnell for sin støtte i dette prosjektet. Denne publikasjonen er støttet av et stipend fra National Institute of Health (T32 DA007135).

alle prosedyrer utført her ble sendt til og godkjent av Animal Care og bruke komité og ble utført følgende NIH retningslinjer.
 1. objektmerking og eksperimentelle oppsett <ol><li>merke objekter som er forskjellige nok til å lett bli diskriminert av mus, men har en tilsvarende grad av kompleksitet (tekstur, form, farge mønstre og lysstyrke, etc.) for å minimere mulige indusert objektet preferanse som kan påvirke resultatene (se Ennaceur 2010 en omfattende beskrivel...

<ol>
	<li>Ennaceur, A., Meliani, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+new+one-trial+test+for+neurobiological+studies+of+memory+in+rats+III.+Spatial+vs.+non-spatial+working+memory.">A new one-trial test for neurobiological studies of memory in rats III. Spatial vs. non-spatial working memory.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 51 (1), 83-92 (1988).</li><li>Akkerman, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Object+recognition+testing:+methodological+considerations+on+exploration+and+discrimination+measures.">Object recognition testing: methodological considerations on exploration and discrimination measures.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 232 (2), 335-347 (2012).</li><li>Antunes, M., Biala, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+novel+object+recognition+memory:+neurobiology,+test+procedure,+and+its+modifications.">The novel object recognition memory: neurobiology, test procedure, and its modifications.</a> Cogn. Process. 13 (2), 93-110 (2012).</li><li>Leger, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Object+recognition+test+in+mice.">Object recognition test in mice.</a> Nat. Protoc. 8 (12), 2531-2537 (2013).</li><li>van Goethem, N. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Object+recognition+testing:+Rodent+species,+strains,+housing+conditions,+and+estrous+cycle.">Object recognition testing: Rodent species, strains, housing conditions, and estrous cycle.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 232 (2), 323-334 (2012).</li><li>Lueptow, L. M., Zhang, C. -. G., O'Donnell, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cyclic+GMP-mediated+memory+enhancement+in+the+object+recognition+test+by+inhibitors+of+phosphodiesterase-2+in+mice.">Cyclic GMP-mediated memory enhancement in the object recognition test by inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-2 in mice.</a> Psychopharmacology (Berl). , (2015).</li><li>Ennaceur, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=One-trial+object+recognition+in+rats+and+mice:+Methodological+and+theoretical+issues.">One-trial object recognition in rats and mice: Methodological and theoretical issues.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 215 (2), 244-254 (2010).</li><li>Berlyne, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Novelty+and+curiosity+as+determinants+of+exploratory+behavior.">Novelty and curiosity as determinants of exploratory behavior.</a> Br. J. Psychol. 41 (1-2), 68-80 (1950).</li><li>Ennaceur, A., Delacour, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+new+one-trial+test+for+neurobiological+studies+of+memory+in+rats+I.+Behavioral-data.">A new one-trial test for neurobiological studies of memory in rats I. Behavioral-data.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 31 (1), 47-59 (1988).</li><li>Aguilar-Valles, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+the+stress+response+in+rats+trained+in+the+water-maze:+differential+expression+of+corticotropin-releasing+hormone,+CRH-R1,+glucocorticoid+receptors+and+brain-derived+neurotrophic+factor+in+limbic+regions.">Analysis of the stress response in rats trained in the water-maze: differential expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone, CRH-R1, glucocorticoid receptors and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in limbic regions.</a> Neuroendocrinology. 82 (5-6), 306-319 (2005).</li><li>Anisman, H., Hayley, S., Kelly, O., Borowski, T., Merali, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Psychogenic,+neurogenic,+and+systemic+stressor+effects+on+plasma+corticosterone+and+behavior:+Mouse+strain-dependent+outcomes.">Psychogenic, neurogenic, and systemic stressor effects on plasma corticosterone and behavior: Mouse strain-dependent outcomes.</a> Behav. Neurosci. 115 (2), 443-454 (2001).</li><li>Kim, J. J., Diamond, D. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+stressed+hippocampus,+synaptic+plasticity+and+lost+memories.">The stressed hippocampus, synaptic plasticity and lost memories.</a> Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3 (6), 453-462 (2002).</li><li>Willner, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Validity,+reliability+and+utility+of+the+chronic+mild+stress+model+of+depression:+a+10+year+review+and+evaluation.">Validity, reliability and utility of the chronic mild stress model of depression: a 10 year review and evaluation.</a> Psychopharmacology (Berl). 134, 319-329 (1997).</li><li>Leussis, M. P., Bolivar, V. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Habituation+in+rodents:+A+review+of+behavior,+neurobiology,+and+genetics.">Habituation in rodents: A review of behavior, neurobiology, and genetics.</a> Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 30 (7), 1045-1064 (2006).</li><li>Hurst, J. L., West, R. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Taming+anxiety+in+laboratory+mice.">Taming anxiety in laboratory mice.</a> Nat. Methods. 7 (10), 825-826 (2010).</li><li>Dere, E., Huston, J. P., De Souza Silva, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+pharmacology,+neuroanatomy+and+neurogenetics+of+one-trial+object+recognition+in+rodents.">The pharmacology, neuroanatomy and neurogenetics of one-trial object recognition in rodents.</a> Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 31, 673-704 (2007).</li><li>Winters, B. D., Saksida, L. M., Bussey, T. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Object+recognition+memory:+Neurobiological+mechanisms+of+encoding,+consolidation+and+retrieval.">Object recognition memory: Neurobiological mechanisms of encoding, consolidation and retrieval.</a> Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 32, 1055-1070 (2008).</li><li>Rutten, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Time-dependent+involvement+of+cAMP+and+cGMP+in+consolidation+of+object+memory:+studies+using+selective+phosphodiesterase+type+2,+4+and+5+inhibitors.">Time-dependent involvement of cAMP and cGMP in consolidation of object memory: studies using selective phosphodiesterase type 2, 4 and 5 inhibitors.</a> Eur. J. Pharmacol. 558 (1-3), 107-112 (2007).</li><li>Prickaerts, J., De Vente, J., Honig, W., Steinbusch, H. W. M., Blokland, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=cGMP,+but+not+cAMP,+in+rat+hippocampus+is+involved+in+early+stages+of+object+memory+consolidation.">cGMP, but not cAMP, in rat hippocampus is involved in early stages of object memory consolidation.</a> Eur. J. Pharmacol. 436 (1-2), 83-87 (2002).</li><li>Bertaina-Anglade, V., Enjuanes, E., Morillon, D., Drieu la Rochelle, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+object+recognition+task+in+rats+and+mice:+A+simple+and+rapid+model+in+safety+pharmacology+to+detect+amnesic+properties+of+a+new+chemical+entity.">The object recognition task in rats and mice: A simple and rapid model in safety pharmacology to detect amnesic properties of a new chemical entity.</a> J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods. 54 (2), 99-105 (2006).</li><li>Li, S., Wang, C., Wang, W., Dong, H., Hou, P., Tang, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chronic+mild+stress+impairs+cognition+in+mice:+From+brain+homeostasis+to+behavior.">Chronic mild stress impairs cognition in mice: From brain homeostasis to behavior.</a> Life Sci. 82 (17), 934-942 (2008).</li><li>Frick, K. M., Gresack, J. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sex+Differences+in+the+Behavioral+Response+to+Spatial+and+Object+Novelty+in+Adult+C57BL/6+Mice.">Sex Differences in the Behavioral Response to Spatial and Object Novelty in Adult C57BL/6 Mice.</a> Behav. Neurosci. 117 (6), 1283-1291 (2003).</li><li>Grayson, B., Leger, M., Piercy, C., Adamson, L., Harte, M., Neill, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assessment+of+disease-related+cognitive+impairments+using+the+novel+object+recognition+(NOR)+task+in+rodents.">Assessment of disease-related cognitive impairments using the novel object recognition (NOR) task in rodents.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 285, 176-193 (2015).</li><li>Tuscher, J. J., Fortress, A. M., Kim, J., Frick, K. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+object+recognition+and+object+placement+by+ovarian+sex+steroid+hormones.">Regulation of object recognition and object placement by ovarian sex steroid hormones.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 285, 140-157 (2015).</li><li>Balderas, I., Moreno-Castilla, P., Bermudez-Rattoni, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dopamine+D1+receptor+activity+modulates+object+recognition+memory+consolidation+in+the+perirhinal+cortex+but+not+in+the+hippocampus.">Dopamine D1 receptor activity modulates object recognition memory consolidation in the perirhinal cortex but not in the hippocampus.</a> Hippocampus. 23 (10), 873-878 (2013).</li><li>Akkerman, S., Blokland, A., Prickaerts, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mind+the+gap:+delayed+manifestation+of+long-term+object+memory+improvement+by+phosphodiesterase+inhibitors.">Mind the gap: delayed manifestation of long-term object memory improvement by phosphodiesterase inhibitors.</a> Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 109, 139-143 (2014).</li><li>Domek-&#321;opaci&#324;ska, K., Strosznajder, J. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effect+of+selective+inhibition+of+cyclic+GMP+hydrolyzing+phosphodiesterases+2+and+5+on+learning+and+memory+processes+and+nitric+oxide+synthase+activity+in+brain+during+aging.">The effect of selective inhibition of cyclic GMP hydrolyzing phosphodiesterases 2 and 5 on learning and memory processes and nitric oxide synthase activity in brain during aging.</a> Brain Res. 1216, 68-77 (2008).</li><li>Reneerkens, O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibition+of+phoshodiesterase+type+2+or+type+10+reverses+object+memory+deficits+induced+by+scopolamine+or+MK-801.">Inhibition of phoshodiesterase type 2 or type 10 reverses object memory deficits induced by scopolamine or MK-801.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 236 (1), 16-22 (2013).</li><li>Deacon, R. M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Housing,+husbandry+and+handling+of+rodents+for+behavioral+experiments.">Housing, husbandry and handling of rodents for behavioral experiments.</a> Nat. Protoc. 1 (2), 936-946 (2006).</li><li>&#350;&#305;k, A., van Nieuwehuyzen, P., Prickaerts, J., Blokland, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Performance+of+different+mouse+strains+in+an+object+recognition+task.">Performance of different mouse strains in an object recognition task.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 147 (1-2), 49-54 (2003).</li><li>Prut, L., Belzung, C., Rabelias, U. F., Psychobiologie, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+open+field+as+a+paradigm+to+measure+the+effects+of+drugs+on+anxiety-like+behaviors+a+review.">The open field as a paradigm to measure the effects of drugs on anxiety-like behaviors a review.</a> Eur. J. Pharmacol. 463, 3-33 (2003).</li><li>Akkerman, S., Prickaerts, J., Steinbusch, H. W. M., Blokland, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Object+recognition+testing:+statistical+considerations.">Object recognition testing: statistical considerations.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 232 (2), 317-322 (2012).</li><li>Balderas, I., Rodriguez-Ortiz, C. J., Bermudez-Rattoni, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Retrieval+and+reconsolidation+of+object+recognition+memory+are+independent+processes+in+the+perirhinal+cortex.">Retrieval and reconsolidation of object recognition memory are independent processes in the perirhinal cortex.</a> Neuroscience. 253, 398-405 (2013).</li><li>de curtis, M., Pare, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+rhinal+cortices:+a+wall+of+inhibition+between+the+neocortex+and+the+hippocampus.">The rhinal cortices: a wall of inhibition between the neocortex and the hippocampus.</a> Prog. Neurobiol. 74 (2), 101-110 (2004).</li><li>Brown, M. W., Barker, G. R. I., Aggleton, J. P., Warburton, E. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=What+pharmacological+interventions+indicate+concerning+the+role+of+the+perirhinal+cortex+in+recognition+memory.">What pharmacological interventions indicate concerning the role of the perirhinal cortex in recognition memory.</a> Neuropsychologia. 50 (13), 3122-3140 (2012).</li><li>Moore, S. J., Deshpande, K., Stinnett, G. S., Seasholtz, A. F., Murphy, G. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Conversion+of+short-term+to+long-term+memory+in+the+novel+object+recognition+paradigm.">Conversion of short-term to long-term memory in the novel object recognition paradigm.</a> Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 105, 174-185 (2013).</li><li>Suzuki, W. 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ORT er en effektiv og fleksibel metode for å studere læring og hukommelse i mus. Når du setter opp et eksperiment, er det viktig å vurdere en rekke variabler som kan påvirke utfallet. Som omtalt i representant resultatene, påvirker belastningen av musen både leting tid og oppbevaring intervall. En nedgang i leting tid kan forskyve eller maske resulterer i en absolutt diskriminering analyse2,3,5,<sup class="xref...

Object anerkjennelse test (ORT), også kjent som roman objektet anerkjennelse test (NOR), er en relativt rask og effektiv måte for å teste ulike faser av læring og hukommelse i mus. Det ble opprinnelig beskrevet av Ennaceur og Harry i 1988 og brukes primært i rotter1; men siden da har det vært er tilpasset for bruk i mus2,3,4,5,6,7. Testen avhengig av så lite som tre økter: en habituering økt, en treningsøkt og en test økt. Visuell utforsking av to identiske gjenstander, innebærer bare mens testen økt innebærer erstatte ett av tidligere utforsket objektene med en ny gjenstand. Fordi gnagere har en medfødt preferanse for nyhet, vil en gnager som husker kjent objektet bruke mer tid på å utforske romanen objektet8,9-7,.
Den største fordelen med ORT over andre gnager minnetester er at den er avhengig av gnagere naturlig proclivity for å utforske nyhet8. Derfor er det ikke nødvendig for mange økter eller noen positiv eller negativ forsterkning å motivere atferd. Dette betyr at det er mye mindre stressende, i forhold til andre tester10,11,12,13,14,15, og krever betydelig mindre tid å kjøre enn andre vanlige hukommelse tester, som Morris vann labyrint eller Barnes labyrint, som begge kan ta opptil en uke eller lenger. Derfor ligner vilkårene i ORT nærmere de som brukes i studerer menneskelig kognisjon, økende økologisk gyldigheten av testen mange andre gnager minnetester. Tilsvarende ORT er en enkel visuell tilbakekalling aktivitet, er blitt med hell for bruk i mange arter, inkludert mennesker og ikke-menneskelige primater, for å vurdere ulike Inter-arter aspekter av deklarativ minne 2,16 ,17. Til slutt, ORT kan enkelt endres for å undersøke ulike faser av læring og hukommelse (dvs., oppkjøp, konsolidering eller tilbakekalling), å vurdere ulike typer minne (f.eks, romlig minne), eller til å vurdere ulike oppbevaring intervaller (dvs., kortsiktige vs langsiktige minne).
Allsidighet av ORT gir en plattform for utallige forskning. Studier kan gjøre bruk av farmakologisk agenter for å forstyrre eller forbedre hukommelsen. Varierende av narkotika administrasjon før eller etter trening eller før testing kan tipset på underliggende nevrale mekanismer som fører til forstyrret eller utvidet minne6,18,19, 20. i en lignende måte, optogenetic teknologi kan være brukt på disse samme ulike tidspunkt for å se på neural aktivisering/hemming som bidrar til de ulike fasene av læring og hukommelse. ORT er også aktuelle vurdere forskjeller i transgene dyr, i lesjon studier, eller i nevrodegenerative modeller eller aldring studier21,22,23,24, 25 , 26 , 27 , 28. tiden mellom trening og testing, kjent som oppbevaring intervallet, kan endres for å vurdere slike endringer på kort og lang sikt minne26. Til slutt, ORT kan brukes som et verktøy til å studere farmakologiske, genetisk og nevrologiske endringer i læring og hukommelse, eller disse verktøyene kan brukes til å studere grunnlaget for læring og hukommelse i ORT.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="805">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Open Field Box</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Panlab/Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">LE800SC</td>
			<td style="width:399px;">Available in grey, white, or black</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">ANY-maze</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Stoelting Co.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">60000</td>
			<td style="width:399px;">Behavior tracking system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">EthoVisionXT 12</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Noldus</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:399px;">Behavior tracking system; requires 3 point tracking</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Video Camera</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Any</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td style="width:399px;">Video camera should be mounted directly overhead of the apparatus</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">70% Ethanol&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">BP2818-4</td>
			<td style="width:399px;">Prior to starting testing and in between trials, each object should be carefully cleaned. The floor and walls of the apparatus should also be cleaned.&#160;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
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novel object recognition test for the investigation of learning and memory in mice

Object anerkjennelse test (ORT) er en brukte atferdsdata analyse for etterforskningen av ulike aspekter av læring og hukommelse i mus. Det er ganske enkel og kan gjennomføres over tre dager: habituering dag, trening og testing dag. Under trening, er musen tillatt å utforske 2 identiske gjenstander. På test-dagen erstattes ett av trening objektene med en ny gjenstand. Fordi mus har en medfødt preferanse for nyheten, hvis musen gjenkjenner kjent objektet, vil det tilbringe mesteparten av sin tid på romanen objektet. På grunn av denne medfødte preferanser er det ikke nødvendig for positiv eller negativ forsterkning eller lang opplæringsplaner. I tillegg kan til ORT også endres for mange programmer. Oppbevaring intervallet kan være forkortet for å undersøke kortsiktige minne, eller forlenget for å undersøke langsiktig hukommelse. Farmakologisk intervensjon kan brukes på ulike tider før trening, etter trening eller før tilbakekalling for å undersøke ulike faser av læring (dvs., oppkjøp, tidlig eller sent konsolidering eller tilbakekalling). Samlet de er en relativt lav-stress, effektiv test for minne i mus, og passer for påvisning av nevropsykologiske endringer etter farmakologiske biologiske og genetiske manipulasjoner.

En generell eksperimentelle oppsett for ORT er vist i figur 2. Habituering dag (T0) mus er plassert i Tom arena for 5 min. tjuefire timer senere, mus er tilbake i kammeret med 2 identiske gjenstander og lov til å fritt utforske for opptil 10 min (T1). På testing dag (T2), er mus igjen plassert i arena, men med et kjent objekt og ett romanen objekt, og lov til å utforske for opptil 10 min. Oppbevaring intervallet, kan tiden mellom T1 og T2, endres, avhengig...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Novel Object Recognition Test for the Investigation of Learning and Memory in Mice at JoVE.com

Novel Object Recognition Test for the Investigation of Learning and Memory in Mice

Object anerkjennelse test (ORT) er en enkel og effektiv analyse for å vurdere læring og hukommelse i mus. Metodene som er beskrevet nedenfor.

Romanen Object anerkjennelse Test for etterforskningen av læring og hukommelse i mus

The object recognition test (ORT) is a commonly used behavioral assay for the investigation of various aspects of learning and memory in mice. The ORT is ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Behavior

The Successive Alleys Test of Anxiety in Mice and Rats

Den påfølgende Alleys Test av angst hos mus og rotter

The plus-maze was derived from the early work of Montgomery. He observed that rats tended to avoid the open arms of a maze, preferring the enclosed ones.  ...

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Double-H Maze: En Robust Behavioral Test for læring og hukommelse i Gnagere

Spatial cognition research in rodents typically employs the use of maze tasks, whose attributes vary from one maze to the next. These tasks vary by their ...

Morris Water Maze Test: Optimization for Mouse Strain and Testing Environment

Morris Water Maze Test: Optimalisering for Mouse Sil og testing miljø

 The Morris water maze (MWM) is a commonly used task to assess hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory in transgenic mouse models of disease, ...

Novel Object Exploration as a Potential Assay for Higher Order Repetitive Behaviors in Mice

Novel Object Exploration som en potensiell analyse for høyere orden repeterende atferd i Mus

Restricted, repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a core feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and disrupt the lives of affected individuals.  RRBs are ...

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Den 4-fjellene Test: en kort test av Spatial Memory med høy sensitivitet for påvisning av Pre-demens Alzheimers sykdom

This protocol describes the administration of the 4 Mountains Test (4MT), a short test of spatial memory, in which memory for the topographical layout of ...

The Rodent Psychomotor Vigilance Test (rPVT): A Method for Assessing Neurobehavioral Performance in Rats and Mice

The Rodent Psychomotor Vigilance Test rPVT: A Method for Assessing Neurobehavioral Performance in Rats and Mice

Den gnager Psyko Årvåkenhet Test (rPVT): En metode for å vurdere nevroevne hos rotter og mus

The human Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) is a widely used procedure for measuring changes in fatigue and sustained attention. The present article ...

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

En ekte verden<em&gt; Hva-Hvor-Når</em&gt; Minnetest

Episodic memory is a complex memory system which allows recall and mental re-experience of previous episodes from one&#39;s own life. Real-life episodic ...

The (Spatial) Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

(Romlig) minne spillet: Testing forholdet mellom romlige språk, objektet kunnskap og romlig kognisjon

The memory game paradigm is a behavioral procedure to explore the relationship between language, spatial memory, and object knowledge. Using two different ...