Name: screening assays to characterize novel endothelial regulators involved in the inflammatory response
Uploaded: 2017-09-15T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response at JoVE.com

Dette arbeidet ble støttet av Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) og i Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (bevilgning nummer IERPY 1149/16 til Al; MPY 1410/09 til S. Hortelano); av MINECO gjennom Fondo de Investigación no Salud (FIS) (gir tall PI11.0036 og PI14.0055 S. Hortelano). S. Herranz ble støttet av IERPY 1149/16 fra ISCIII.

1. endothelial cellekultur <ol><li>vev kultur behandlet plater <ol><li>Coat 100 mm vev kultur plater med 2,5 mL gelatin løsning (autoklaveres, 0,1% gelatin i destillert vann) for 30 min på 37 ° C, dette kan ekstrapolert nødvendig godt formatet. Sug opp gelatin løsningen og la til å air-dry i vev kultur panseret.</li>
	</ol></li> <li>Vev kultur forhold <ol><li>dyrke MLEC-04 cellene i en biologisk inkubator (37 ° C, 95% fuktighet, 5% CO 2). Vokse cellene i komplett med...

<ol>
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Denne endothelial protokollen beskriver en gradvis teknologi som etablerer grunnlaget for å utforske romanen mekanismer involvert i regulering av inflammatorisk respons. Disse metodene er basert på studier av endothelial aktiviteten stimulert av LPS og evaluere kritiske trinnene involvert i leukocytter rekruttering under inflammatorisk respons, spesielt: endothelial cytokiner utgivelse, endothelial vedheft molekyler uttrykk og leukocytter vedheft på vaskulær laget. Når endothelial parameterne er etablert, systemet k...

Betennelse er en gunstig biologisk reaksjon mot smittsomme sykdommer, med store mål å eliminere patogene og reparere skadet vev. Under visse betingelser, for eksempel kroniske infeksjoner eller autoimmune sykdommer, løses betennelse ikke. I stedet, det er en avvikende reaksjon med kontinuerlig infiltrasjon av leukocytter, noe som resulterer i en langvarig immunrespons som fører til vevsskade, fibrose, tap av funksjon, og samlet, funksjonshemming og i noen tilfeller død pasienten. Disse menneskelige lidelsene, katalogisert som inflammatory lidelser, innebærer alle blodkar for kontroll av leukocytter bloduttredelse1,2.
Endotelceller spiller en grunnleggende rolle i regulering av inflammatorisk respons ved å kontrollere leukocytter menneskehandel. Når endothelial laget er utsatt for inflammatoriske mediatorer som LPS, hvile endotelet aktiverer og uttrykker pro-inflammatoriske cytokiner (Cxcl10, Cxcl5, Cxcl1, etc.) og vedheft molekyler (E-selectin, VCAM-1 og ICAM-1) som tjeneste rekruttering av sirkulerende leukocytter til området infeksjon. De leukocytter primet med utgitt cytokiner deretter megle rullende og samhandling med endotelial laget gjennom korrespondent selvklebende motstykkene: PSGL-1 selectin, α4β1 integrin VCAM-1 og αLβ2 integrin ICAM-1. Til slutt, leukocytter migrere over blodkar mot fokus for betennelse3.
Den viktige rollen endotelet i å regulere betennelsesreaksjon har blitt demonstrert på mus som var genetisk endret for å uttrykke den LPS reseptor, toll-like reseptor 4 (TLR4), bare på endotelceller. Disse endothelial-TLR4 dyrene kunne svare på en LPS-mediert betennelse og oppdage infeksjonen generert etter bakterier inoculation, og dermed oppnå infeksjon oppløsning og overlevelse på samme nivå som vill type mus4 , 5.
For endotelet regulert betennelsesreaksjon veien, har det blitt postulert at hemming på noen stadier av leukocytter-endotelet interaksjon ville føre til reduksjon av trans-endothelial migrasjon og en bedre prognosen for provoserende-relaterte sykdommer. Faktisk, er flere strategier målretting endothelial aktivisering og leukocytt-endotelet samspillet utformet for å hindre bloduttredelse av immunceller som behandling for inflammatoriske lidelser6,7.
I denne rapporten beskriver vi en grundig gruppe i vitro teknikker for fullt karakterisere endothelial aktiviteten svar inflammatorisk stimulans LPS og dens rolle leukocytter aktivisering og vedheft på vaskulær laget. Endothelial celle modellen brukes i dette manuskriptet var musen lunge endothelial celle linjen (MLEC-04), som beskrevet av Hortelano et al. 8. den MLEC-04 celle linje har blitt validert i litteraturen til en passende systemet å studere endothelial aktivisering9,10. Basert på forskningsinteresser, disse kan lett ekstrapolert alle endothelial eller leukocytter systemer og provoserende profil. Når endothelial parameterne i de valgte betingelsene er definert, kan systemet teste romanen narkotika på foreslåtte eksperimentering evaluere vaskulær aktiveringen. I denne provoserende sammenheng endotelet cellene testet med sammensatte interesse kan sammenlignes kontrollere forholdene cellene og eventuelle resulterende forskjeller kan informere stoffets prognostiske utfall på utvikling og progresjon av betennelse. For å konkludere, foreslår vi en relevant system for å karakterisere nye stoffet mål til endotelceller, som kan påvirke utformingen av romanen vaskulær-spesifikk terapi mot provoserende-relaterte sykdommer.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="820">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:255px;">Gelatin</td>
			<td style="width:195px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:116px;">G9391</td>
			<td style="width:256px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DMEM-F12</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>BE12-719F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Fetal Bovine Serum</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>A4503</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Penicillin streptomycin</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>DE17-602E</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Trypsine</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>BE17-160E</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">EDTA</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>ED2SS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">LPS</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>L2880</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Trizol</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T9424</td>
			<td>RNA extraction buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Isopropanol</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>33539</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Ethanol absoluto</td>
			<td>Panreac</td>
			<td>1,310,861,612</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;">Pure H2O</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td>1017979</td>
			<td>RNAse free</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Agarose</td>
			<td>Pronadisa</td>
			<td>8020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Stain for agarose gels</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>s33102</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">SuperScript III First-Strand Synth</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:116px;">18080051</td>
			<td>Reagents for RT-PCR</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td align="left" height="21" style="height:21px;">Fast SYBR Green Master Mix</td>
			<td>Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td align="left">4385610</td>
			<td>Fluorescent stain for qPCR</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">MicroAmp Fast Optical 96-Well</td>
			<td>Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td>4346906</td>
			<td>Plates for qPCR</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">U-bottom 96 well plates</td>
			<td>Falcon</td>
			<td>353072</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cytometry tubes</td>
			<td>Falcon</td>
			<td>352054</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">TX100</td>
			<td>Panreac</td>
			<td>212314</td>
			<td>Non-ionic surfactant</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tris-HCl</td>
			<td>Panreac</td>
			<td>1,319,401,211</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium chloride</td>
			<td>Merck</td>
			<td>1,064,041,000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium pyrophosphate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>221368</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium fluoride</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S7920</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium orthovanadate</td>
			<td>sigma</td>
			<td>13721-39-6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Protease inhibitor cocktail</td>
			<td>sigma</td>
			<td>P8340</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td align="left" height="21" style="height:21px;">Pierce BCA Protein Assay Kit</td>
			<td>Pierce</td>
			<td>23225</td>
			<td>Reagents for bicinchoninic acid assay</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">&#946;-mercaptoethanol</td>
			<td>merck</td>
			<td align="left">805,740</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td align="left" height="21" style="height:21px;">PVDF Transfer Membrane, 0.45 &#181;m</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>88518</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tween-20</td>
			<td>Panreac</td>
			<td align="left">1,623,121,611</td>
			<td>Polysorbate 20</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">PBS</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>BE17-515Q</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ECL</td>
			<td>Millipore</td>
			<td>WBKLS0500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Fibronectin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>F1141</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Laminin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>L2020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Collagen type I</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>c8919</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Acetic acid</td>
			<td>Panreac</td>
			<td>1,310,081,611</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Trypan blue</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T8154</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P6148</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Methanol</td>
			<td>Panreac</td>
			<td>1,310,911,612</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Crystal violet</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>HT90132</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium citrate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>C7254</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Ethanol 96%</td>
			<td>Panreac</td>
			<td>1,410,851,212</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">CFSE</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>21888</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">RPMI</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>BE12-115F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">SDS</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td>161-0418</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Infinite M200</td>
			<td>Tecan</td>
			<td>M200</td>
			<td>Multi mode microplate reader</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Gel Doc 2000</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td>2000</td>
			<td>Gel documentation system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">StepOnePlus</td>
			<td>Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td>StepOnePlus</td>
			<td>qPCR system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">MACSQuant Analyzer 10</td>
			<td>Miltenyi Biotec</td>
			<td>Analyzer 10</td>
			<td>Cytometry equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ChemiDoc MP</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td>MP</td>
			<td>Chemiluminescence detection system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Name</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Antibodies</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:255px;">PECAM-1</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>553370</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:255px;">ICAM-2</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>1054602</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:255px;">E-selectin</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>553749</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:255px;">VCAM-1</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences</td>
			<td>553330</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:255px;">ICAM-1</td>
			<td>Becton Dickinson</td>
			<td>553250</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">anti-rat IgG-FITC</td>
			<td>Jackson Immuno Research</td>
			<td>112-095-006</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">anti armenian hamster-FITC</td>
			<td>Jackson Immuno Research</td>
			<td>127-095-160</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Rat IgG isotyope control</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:116px;">10700</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Armenian hamster IgG isotype control</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>PA5-33220</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">P-I&#954;&#914;-&#945;</td>
			<td>Cell Signaling</td>
			<td>2859</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">&#946;-Actin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>A5441</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">P-ERK</td>
			<td>Cell Signaling</td>
			<td>9101</td>
			<td>Use at 10 &#181;g/ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">anti-mouse HRP</td>
			<td>GE Healthcare</td>
			<td>LNXA931/AE</td>
			<td>Use at 1:10000</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">anti-rabbit HRP</td>
			<td>GE Healthcare</td>
			<td>LNA934V/AG</td>
			<td>Use at 1:10000</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">anti-rat HRP</td>
			<td>Santa Cruz</td>
			<td>Sc-3823</td>
			<td>Use at 1:10000</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

screening assays to characterize novel endothelial regulators involved in the inflammatory response

Endothelial laget er avgjørende for å opprettholde homeostase i kroppen ved å styre mange forskjellige funksjoner. Regulering av inflammatorisk respons av endothelial lag er viktig å effektivt bekjempe skadelige innganger og bistand i utvinningen av skadede områder. Når endotelceller er utsatt for en inflammatorisk miljø, for eksempel den ytre delen av gram-negative bakterier membran, lipopolysakkarid (LPS), de express løselig pro-inflammatoriske cytokiner, som Ccl5, Cxcl1 og Cxcl10, og utløse de aktivering av sirkulerende leukocytter. I tillegg aktiverer uttrykk for vedheft molekyler E-selectin, VCAM-1 og ICAM-1 på endothelial overflaten samhandling og vedheft av de aktiverte leukocytter endothelial laget, og til slutt bloduttredelse mot betent vev. I dette scenariet må endothelial funksjonen være regulert tett fordi overdreven eller defekt aktivering i leukocytter rekruttering kan føre til provoserende-relaterte lidelser. Siden mange av disse lidelser har en effektiv behandling, må romanen strategier med fokus på vaskulær laget undersøkes. Vi foreslår omfattende analyser som er nyttige for søk av romanen endothelial regulatorer som endrer leukocytter. Vi analysere endothelial aktivisering med bestemte uttrykk mål involvert i leukocytter rekruttering (som, cytokiner, chemokines og vedheft molekyler) med flere teknikker, inkludert: sanntid kvantitative polymerase kjedereaksjon ( RT-qPCR), western blot, flow cytometri og vedheft analyser. Disse bestemmer endothelial funksjon i inflammatorisk sammenheng og er svært nyttig å utføre screening analyser betegner romanen endothelial inflammatorisk regulatorer som er potensielt verdifulle utforme nye strategier.

Evaluering av LPS-indusert endothelial celle aktivering av RT-qPCR
Serum sultet MLEC-04 cellene ble stimulert av 100 ng/mL av LPS 6 h, og på endothelial genuttrykk ble vurdert ved hjelp av RT-qPCR ved å sammenligne uttrykk for aktivisering markører å hvile tilstand. Som vist i figur 1A, indusert LPS-ruges MLEC-04 cellene mRNA uttrykk for valgte vedheft molekyler involvert i leukocytter rekruttering...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response at JoVE.com

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Vaskulære endotelet styrer tett leukocytter rekruttering. Utilstrekkelig leukocytter bloduttredelse bidrar til menneskelig inflammatoriske sykdommer. Derfor er romanen regulatoriske elementer av endothelial aktivering nødvendig for å utforme bedre behandling for inflammatoriske lidelser. Her beskriver vi en omfattende metodikk for å karakterisere romanen endothelial regulatorer som kan endre leukocytter handel ved betennelser.

Screening analyser betegner romanen Endothelial regulatorer involvert i inflammatorisk respons

The endothelial layer is essential for maintaining homeostasis in the body by controlling many different functions. Regulation of the inflammatory ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

RNAi Screening for Host Factors Involved in Vaccinia Virus Infection using Drosophila Cells

RNAi Screening for Host Factors Involved in Vaccinia Virus Infection using Drosophila Cells

Viral pathogens represent a significant public health threat; not only can viruses cause natural epidemics of human disease, but their potential use in ...

An Introduction to Parasitic Wasps of Drosophila and the Antiparasite Immune Response

An Introduction to Parasitic Wasps of Drosophila and the Antiparasite Immune Response

Most known parasitoid wasp species attack the larval or pupal stages of Drosophila. While Trichopria drosophilae infect the pupal stages of the host (Fig. ...

Use of Interferon-&gamma; Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay to Characterize Novel T-cell Epitopes of Human Papillomavirus

Use of Interferon-ÃƒÅ½Ã‚Â³ Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay to Characterize Novel T-cell Epitopes of Human Papillomavirus

Bruk av Interferon-γ Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay å karakterisere Novel T-celle epitoper av humant papillomavirus

A protocol has been developed to overcome the difficulties of isolating and characterizing rare T cells specific for pathogens, such as human ...

Assays for the Identification of Novel Antivirals against Bluetongue Virus

Analyser for identifisering av nye antivirale midler mot blåtungevirus

To identify potential antivirals against BTV, we have  developed, optimized and validated three assays presented here. The CPE-based  assay was the first ...

Novel Whole-tissue Quantitative Assay of Nitric Oxide Levels in Drosophila Neuroinflammatory Response

Novel Whole-tissue Quantitative Assay of Nitric Oxide Levels in Drosophila Neuroinflammatory Response

Neuroinflammation is a complex innate immune response vital to the healthy function of the central nervous system (CNS). Under normal conditions, an ...

VIGS-Mediated Forward Genetics Screening for Identification of Genes Involved in Nonhost Resistance


	Nonhost disease resistance of plants against bacterial pathogens is controlled by complex defense pathways. Understanding this mechanism is important ...

Viral Concentration Determination Through Plaque Assays: Using Traditional and Novel Overlay Systems

Viral Konsentrasjon Bestemmelse Gjennom platebedømmelser: Ved hjelp av tradisjonelle og Novel Overlay Systems

Plaque assays remain one of the most accurate methods for the direct quantification of infectious virons and antiviral substances through the counting of ...

In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection

In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection

In Vitro Analyse av MyD88-mediert cellulær immunrespons til West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infeksjon

An attenuated West Nile virus (WNV), a nonstructural (NS) 4B-P38G mutant, induced higher innate cytokine and T cell responses than the wild-type WNV in ...

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins

Fag Phenomics: Fysiologiske tilnærminger for å karakter Novel virale proteiner

Current investigations into phage-host interactions are dependent on extrapolating knowledge from (meta)genomes. Interestingly, 60 - 95% of all phage ...

Biomimetic Materials to Characterize Bacteria-host Interactions

Biomimetiske Materialer som skal prege Bakterier-vert interaksjoner

Bacterial attachment to host cells is one of the earliest events during bacterial colonization of host tissues and thus a key step during infection. The ...