Name: recording synaptic plasticity in acute hippocampal slices maintained in a small-volume recycling-, perfusion-, and submersion-type chamber system
Uploaded: 2018-01-01T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Recording Synaptic Plasticity in Acute Hippocampal Slices Maintained in a Small-volume Recycling-, Perfusion-, and Submersion-type Chamber System at JoVE.com

WW gennemført, analyseres, og designet af eksperimenter og skrev manuskriptet. D.X. og C.P. bistået i figur forberedelse og udført eksperimenter. Dette arbejde blev støttet af NSFC (31320103906) og 111 projekt (B16013) til T.B.

Dyrene blev opretholdt i overensstemmelse med de fastlagte standarder for dyrs pleje og procedurer for institutter af hjernen videnskab og staten nøglen laboratorium for medicinsk neurobiologi af Fudan University, Shanghai, Kina.
1. løsning forberedelse
Bemærk: Se tabel af materialer.
<ol>
	<li>Forberede den udskæring buffer (modificeret Gey løsning): 92 mM NaCl, 2,5 mM KCl, 1,25 mM NaH2PO4, 30 mM NaHCO3, 25 mM glukose, 20 mM HEPES, 3 mM Na+</sup...

<ol>
	<li>McIlwain, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Metabolic+response+in+vitro+to+electrical+stimulation+of+sections+of+mammalian+brain.">Metabolic response in vitro to electrical stimulation of sections of mammalian brain.</a> Biochem J. 48 (4), (1951).</li><li>McIlwain, H., Richards, C. D., Somerville, A. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Responses+in+vitro+from+the+piriform+cortex+of+the+rat,+and+their+susceptibility+to+centrally-acting+drugs.">Responses in vitro from the piriform cortex of the rat, and their susceptibility to centrally-acting drugs.</a> J Neurochem. 14 (9), 937-938 (1967).</li><li>Yamamoto, C., McIlwain, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrical+activities+in+thin+sections+from+the+mammalian+brain+maintained+in+chemically-defined+media+in+vitro.">Electrical activities in thin sections from the mammalian brain maintained in chemically-defined media in vitro.</a> J Neurochem. 13 (12), 1333-1343 (1966).</li><li>Andersen, P., Bliss, T. V., Lomo, T., Olsen, L. I., Skrede, K. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lamellar+organization+of+hippocampal+excitatory+pathways.">Lamellar organization of hippocampal excitatory pathways.</a> Acta Physiol Scand. 76 (1), 4-5 (1969).</li><li>Skrede, K. K., Westgaard, R. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+transverse+hippocampal+slice:+a+well-defined+cortical+structure+maintained+in+vitro.">The transverse hippocampal slice: a well-defined cortical structure maintained in vitro.</a> Brain Res. 35 (2), 589-593 (1971).</li><li>Kirov, S. A., Sorra, K. E., Harris, K. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Slices+have+more+synapses+than+perfusion-fixed+hippocampus+from+both+young+and+mature+rats.">Slices have more synapses than perfusion-fixed hippocampus from both young and mature rats.</a> J Neurosci. 19 (8), 2876-2886 (1999).</li><li>Schwartzkroin, P. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characteristics+of+CA1+neurons+recorded+intracellularly+in+the+hippocampal+in+vitro+slice+preparation.">Characteristics of CA1 neurons recorded intracellularly in the hippocampal in vitro slice preparation.</a> Brain Res. 85 (3), 423-436 (1975).</li><li>Schwartzkroin, P. A., Wester, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Long-lasting+facilitation+of+a+synaptic+potential+following+tetanization+in+the+in+vitro+hippocampal+slice.">Long-lasting facilitation of a synaptic potential following tetanization in the in vitro hippocampal slice.</a> Brain Res. 89 (1), 107-119 (1975).</li><li>Reymann, K. G., Frey, J. U. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+late+maintenance+of+hippocampal+LTP:+requirements,+phases,+'synaptic+tagging',+'late-associativity'+and+implications.">The late maintenance of hippocampal LTP: requirements, phases, 'synaptic tagging', 'late-associativity' and implications.</a> Neuropharm. 52 (1), 24-40 (2007).</li><li>Bliss, T. V., Collingridge, G. L., Morris, R. 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L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synaptic+tagging+and+capture:+differential+role+of+distinct+calcium/calmodulin+kinases+in+protein+synthesis-dependent+long-term+potentiation.">Synaptic tagging and capture: differential role of distinct calcium/calmodulin kinases in protein synthesis-dependent long-term potentiation.</a> J Neurosci. 30 (14), 4981-4989 (2010).</li><li>Stopps, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Design+and+application+of+a+novel+brain+slice+system+that+permits+independent+electrophysiological+recordings+from+multiple+slices.">Design and application of a novel brain slice system that permits independent electrophysiological recordings from multiple slices.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 132 (2), 137-148 (2004).</li><li>Behnisch, T., Matsushita, S., Knopfel, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Imaging+of+gene+expression+during+long-term+potentiation.">Imaging of gene expression during long-term potentiation.</a> Neuroreport. 15 (13), 2039-2043 (2004).</li><li>Karpova, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Encoding+and+transducing+the+synaptic+or+extrasynaptic+origin+of+NMDA+receptor+signals+to+the+nucleus.">Encoding and transducing the synaptic or extrasynaptic origin of NMDA receptor signals to the nucleus.</a> Cell. 152 (5), 1119-1133 (2013).</li><li>Karpova, A., Mikhaylova, M., Thomas, U., Knopfel, T., Behnisch, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Involvement+of+protein+synthesis+and+degradation+in+long-term+potentiation+of+Schaffer+collateral+CA1+synapses.">Involvement of protein synthesis and degradation in long-term potentiation of Schaffer collateral CA1 synapses.</a> J Neurosci. 26 (18), 4949-4955 (2006).</li><li>Weng, W., Chen, Y., Wang, M., Zhuang, Y., Behnisch, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Potentiation+of+Schaffer-Collateral+CA1+Synaptic+Transmission+by+eEF2K+and+p38+MAPK+Mediated+Mechanisms.">Potentiation of Schaffer-Collateral CA1 Synaptic Transmission by eEF2K and p38 MAPK Mediated Mechanisms.</a> Front Cell Neurosci. 10 (247), (2016).</li><li>Meduna, L. J., Jackman, A. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Carbon+dioxide+inhalation+therapy.">Carbon dioxide inhalation therapy.</a> Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis. 31, 280-286 (1953).</li><li>Edwards, F. A., Konnerth, A., Sakmann, B., Takahashi, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+thin+slice+preparation+for+patch+clamp+recordings+from+neurones+of+the+mammalian+central+nervous+system.">A thin slice preparation for patch clamp recordings from neurones of the mammalian central nervous system.</a> Pflugers Arch. 414 (5), 600-612 (1989).</li><li>Mathis, D. M., Furman, J. L., Norris, C. 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Selvom interface skive kamre udviser mere robust synaptic svar25,26,27,28, levere neddykning kamre ekstra bekvemmelighed for patch-clamp optagelse og fluorescens Imaging. Dermed, vi har beskrevet flere aspekter af feltet potentielle optagelser i akut hippocampus skiver ved hjælp af en kommerciel submersion skive kammer, der kan nemt udvides til billeddannelse af fluorescens sonder i neuroner<s...

I 1951 blev først rapporteret akut hjernen skive eksperimenter gennemført1. I 1971, efter vellykket in vitro- optagelser fra piriform cortex2,3 og den opdagelse, at hippocampus neuroner hænger paa tvaers langs septotemporal aksen af hippocampus4, en af de første in vitro- optagelser af hippocampus neuronal aktivitet var opnået5. Ligheden mellem de neurofysiologiske eller neurostructural parametre af neuroner in vivo og in vitro- betingelser er stadig genstand for nogle debat6, men i 1975, Schwartzkroin7 oplyste, at de basale egenskaber af neuroner vedligeholdes i vitro og at højfrekvente stimulation (dvs. tetanization) af afferenter i hippocampus dannelse inducerer en langvarig lettelse af synaptiske potentialer8. Elektrofysiologiske optagelse af neuronal aktivitet in vitro- stærkt udvidet studiet af de cellulære mekanismer i aktivitet-afhængige synaptisk plasticitet9,10, som var blevet opdaget i 1973 af lyksalighed et al. 11 i in vivo forsøg med kaniner.
Studiet af neuronal aktivitet eller signalering veje i hjernen skiver, og især i akut hippocampus skiver, er nu en standard værktøj. Men overraskende, in vitro- eksperimenter har endnu ikke standardiseres, som det fremgår af de flere tilgange, der stadig findes for forberedelse og vedligeholdelse af akut hippocampus skiver. Reid et al. (1988) 12 gennemgik de metodologiske udfordringer for vedligeholdelse af akut hjernen skiver i forskellige typer af skive kamre og valg af badning medium, pH, temperatur og ilt niveau. Disse parametre er stadig svære at styre optagelse her på grund af de skræddersyede elementer af in vitro- skive-optagelse opsætninger. Publikationer kan findes at kunne bidrage til at overvinde nogle af de metodologiske udfordringer og at beskrive nye typer af submersion skive chambers, en interstitiel 3D microperfusion system13, et kammer med forbedret laminar flow og ilt levere14, et system med edb temperatur kontrol15og en multi kammer optagelse system16. Da disse kamre ikke er let at bygge, de fleste forskere er afhængige af kommercielt tilgængelige skive kamre. Disse kamre kan monteres på et mikroskop system, således at kombination af Elektrofysiologi og fluorescens imaging17,18,19. Da disse kamre holde hjernen skiver neddykket i kunstige cerebrospinalvæske (aCSF), skal en høj gennemstrømning stødpudeopløsning vedligeholdes, øge bekostning af drug application. Til dette formål har vi indarbejdet et genvindingssystem perfusion med udstrømning-carbogenation, der giver tilstrækkelig stabilitet for feltet potentialer i en submersion skive afdeling ved hjælp af en forholdsvis lille aCSF volumen langsigtet optagelsen. Hertil kommer, sammenfattet vi hvordan brugen af dette eksperimentelle carbogenation/perfusion system påvirker resultatet af aktiviteten-afhængige synaptisk plasticitet10 og hvordan hæmning af eukaryote brudforlængelse faktor-2 kinase (eEF2K) modulerer synaptic transmission20.

<table width="982">
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			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Reagents required</td>
			<td style="width:244px;"></td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td style="width:251px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">NaCl</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">10019318</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">KCl</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">10016318</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">KH2PO4</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">10017618</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">MgCl2&#183;6H2O</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">10012818</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">CaCl2</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">10005861</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">NaHCO3</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">10018960</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">Glucose</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">10010518</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">NaH2PO4</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">20040718</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">HEPES</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">H3375</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">Sodium pyruvate</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">A4043</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">MgSO4</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">20025118</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="27">
			<td height="27" style="width:311px;height:27px;">NaOH</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">10019718</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;"></td>
			<td style="width:244px;"></td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Tools and materials for dissection</td>
			<td style="width:244px;"></td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Decapitators</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Harvard apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">55-0012</td>
			<td>for rat decapitation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Bandage Scissors</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">SCHREIBER</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">12-4227</td>
			<td>for mouse decapitation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">double-edge blade</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Flying Eagle, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">74-C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">IRIS Scissors</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">RWD, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">S12003-09</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Bone Rongeurs</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">RWD, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">S22002-14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Spoon</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Hammacher&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">HSN 152-13</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">dental cement spatula</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Hammacher&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">HSN 016-15</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">dental double end excavator</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Blacksmith Surgical, USA</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">BS-415-017</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Vibrating Microtome</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Leica, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">VT1200S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">surgical blade&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">RWD, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">S31023-02</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">surgical holder</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">RWD, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">S32007-14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;"></td>
			<td style="width:244px;"></td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="width:311px;height:42px;">Electrophysiology equipment and materials</td>
			<td style="width:244px;"></td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Vertical Pipette Puller</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Narishige, Japan</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">PC-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Vibration isolation table</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Meirits, Japan</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">ADZ-A0806</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">submerged type recording chamber</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Warner Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">RC-26GLP</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">thermostatic water bath</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Zhongcheng Yiqi&#65292;China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">HH-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">4 Axis Micromanipulator</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sutter, USA</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">MP-285, MP-225</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Platinum Wire</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">PTP406</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Amplifier</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Molecular Devices, USA</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">Multiclamp 700B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Data Acquisition System</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Molecular Devices, USA</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">Digidata 1440A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Anaysis software</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Molecular Devices, USA</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">Clampex 10.2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Fluorescence Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Nikon, Japan</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">FN1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">LED light source</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Lumen Dynamics Group, Canada</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">X-cite 120LED</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">micropipettes</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Harvard apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">GC150TF</td>
			<td>extracelluar recording</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">borosilicate micropipettes</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Sutter, USA</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">BF150-86</td>
			<td>patch clamp</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">tungsten electrode</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">A-M Systems, USA</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">575500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">peristaltic pump</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Longer, China</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">BT00-300T</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">tubes for peristaltic pump</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">ISMATEC, Wertheim, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">SC0309</td>
			<td>1x inflow, ID: 1.02mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">tubes for peristaltic pump</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">ISMATEC, Wertheim, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">SC0319</td>
			<td>2x tubes for outflow, ID: 2.79 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">CCD camera</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">PCO, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">pco.edge sCMOS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">lens cleaning paper</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Kodak</td>
			<td style="width:179px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">50 ml conical centrifuge tube</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Thermo scientific</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">339652</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Prechamber</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Warner Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">BSC-PC</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Inline heater</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Warner Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">SF-28</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="width:311px;height:21px;">Temperature Controller</td>
			<td style="width:244px;">Warner Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:179px;">TC-324B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

recording synaptic plasticity in acute hippocampal slices maintained in a small-volume recycling-, perfusion-, and submersion-type chamber system

Selv om eksperimenter på hjerne skiver har været i brug siden 1951, fortsat problemer at reducerer sandsynligheden for at opnå en stabil og succesfuld analyse af synaptisk transmission graduering, når du udfører felt potentielle eller intracellulære optagelser. Dette manuskript beskriver metodologiske aspekter, der kan være nyttige i at forbedre eksperimentelle betingelser for opretholdelsen af akut hjernen skiver og optagelse feltet excitatoriske postsynaptiske potentialer i et kommercielt tilgængelige submersion kammer med en udstrømning-carbogenation enhed. Udstrømning-carbogenation hjælper med at stabilisere iltindholdet i eksperimenter, der er baseret på genbrug af en lille buffer reservoir til at forbedre omkostningseffektiviteten for drug eksperimenter. Derudover præsenterer håndskriftet repræsentative eksperimenter, at undersøger virkningerne af forskellige carbogenation tilstande og stimulation paradigmer på aktivitet-afhængige synaptisk plasticitet af synaptisk transmission.

I afsnittet protokollen beskrev vi forberedelse af akut hippocampus skiver fra den ventrale og mellemliggende del af hippocampus dannelse (figur 1) af mandlige C57BL/6 mus og mandlige Wistar rotter (5-8 uger). Placeringen af hjernehalvdele på pålægsmaskine platform hjælper til at holde dem stabile og fjerner behovet for stabilisering med agar eller agarosegelelektroforese. Selve perfusion-systemet er baseret på en peristaltisk pumpe drives på høj rotat...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Recording Synaptic Plasticity in Acute Hippocampal Slices Maintained in a Small-volume Recycling-, Perfusion-, and Submersion-type Chamber System at JoVE.com

Recording Synaptic Plasticity in Acute Hippocampal Slices Maintained in a Small-volume Recycling-, Perfusion-, and Submersion-type Chamber System

Optagelse synaptisk plasticitet i akut hippocampus skiver vedligeholdes i en lille-volumen genanvendelse - Perfusion- og neddykning-type kammer System

Denne protokol beskriver stabilisering af iltindholdet i en lille mængde genanvendt buffer og metodologiske aspekter af optagelse aktivitet-afhængige synaptisk plasticitet i undersøiske akut hippocampus skiver.

Even though experiments on brain slices have been in use since 1951, problems remain that reduce the probability of achieving a stable and successful ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Preparation of Oligomeric &beta;-amyloid1-42 and Induction of Synaptic Plasticity Impairment on Hippocampal Slices

Preparation of Oligomeric ÃƒÅ½Ã‚Â²-amyloid1-42 and Induction of Synaptic Plasticity Impairment on Hippocampal Slices

Impairment of synaptic connections is likely to underlie the subtle amnesic changes occurring at the early stages of Alzheimer s Disease (AD). ...

Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology

The rodent hippocampal slice preparation is perhaps the most broadly used tool for investigating mammalian synaptic function and plasticity. The ...

Lateral Diffusion and Exocytosis of Membrane Proteins in Cultured Neurons Assessed using Fluorescence Recovery and Fluorescence-loss Photobleaching

Lateral Diffusion og exocytose af membranproteiner i dyrkede neuroner vurderes ved hjælp af Fluorescens Recovery og Fluorescens-tab fotoblegning

Membrane proteins such as receptors and ion channels undergo active trafficking in neurons, which are highly polarised and morphologically complex. This ...

Dual Electrophysiological Recordings of Synaptically-evoked Astroglial and Neuronal Responses in Acute Hippocampal Slices

Dobbelte Elektrofysiologiske Optagelser af synaptisk-evoked astrogliale og Neuronal respons i Akut hippocampusskiver

Astrocytes form together with neurons tripartite synapses, where they integrate and modulate neuronal activity. Indeed, astrocytes sense neuronal inputs ...

Paired Whole Cell Recordings in Organotypic Hippocampal Slices

Forbundne Helcelle optagelser i Organotypiske hippocampusskiver

Pair recordings involve simultaneous whole cell patch clamp recordings from two synaptically connected neurons, enabling not only direct ...

Investigation of Synaptic Tagging/Capture and Cross-capture using Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rodents

Undersøgelse af Synaptic Tagging / Capture og Cross-capture hjælp Akut hippocampusskiver fra Gnavere

Synaptic tagging and capture (STC) and cross-tagging are two important mechanisms at cellular level that explain how synapse-specificity and associativity ...

Measuring Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons

Måling af Synaptic vesikel endocytose i kulturperler hippocampus neuroner

During endocytosis, fused synaptic vesicles are retrieved at nerve terminals, allowing for vesicle recycling and thus the maintenance of synaptic ...

Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling Mouse Model

Pentylenetetrazole-induceret Kindling musemodel

Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) is a GABA-A receptor antagonist. An intraperitoneal injection of PTZ into an animal induces an acute, severe seizure at a high ...

Preparation of Acute Spinal Cord Slices for Whole-cell Patch-clamp Recording in Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons

Forberedelse af akut rygmarven skiver til hele-celle Patch-klemme optagelse i Substantia Gelatinosa neuroner

Recent whole-cell patch-clamp studies from substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons have provided a large body of information about the spinal mechanisms ...