Name: acute in vivo electrophysiological recordings of local field potentials and multi-unit activity from the hyperdirect pathway in anesthetized rats
Uploaded: 2017-06-22T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats at JoVE.com

我们感谢德意志民主共和国（DFG），KFO 247，为我们的研究提供资金。

实验程序按照德国“动物福利法”（2014年最后修订）和欧洲条例（2010/63 / EU）进行。实验由当地动物福利机构（LaGeSo，Berlin）批准，符合当地部门和国际准则。 注意：在所提出的方法中，使用两个模型的电极从连接主运动皮质（M1）与底丘核（STN）和黑质基质（SNr）连接的超直接皮质基底神经节途径记录。对于使用M1定制低阻抗Ag / AgCl电极的硬膜外皮质电图（ECoG）记录。来?...

<ol>
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在本研究中，该方法证明了如何使用连接M1与啮齿动物的STN和SNr的超直接皮层 - 基底神经节途径的实例同时从给定网络的多个位点记录细胞外电生理信号。 记录小皮质结构如STN的关键步骤是将记录电极精确地引导到靶中。在所提出的方法中，注意两个关键步骤确保了目标的高准确性。在将电极引入大脑之前，在立体定向装置中制备动物时，绝对必须确保将头骨带入“平头颅骨...

最近关于不同神经精神障碍如帕金森病（PD）和精神分裂症的累积证据强烈地表明，他们的病理生理学是基于经常涉及皮层和皮质下结构1,2,3的延长的神经元回路的关键功能障碍。根据这一理论，疾病的临床表现是由于细胞网络的信息处理能力受损，而不是单个细胞或特定神经元素1,2,3的结果 。为了增强对这种复杂的神经精神疾病组的了解，并找到新的治疗方案，必须非常详细地描述人类患者和动物模型中无序网络的神经元动力学。优秀研究生物科目大规模网络的方法是细胞外电位的多位点电生理记录4 。使用这种方法，可以同时评估局部场电位（LFP），其主要表示由突触前电位5产生的兴奋性和抑制性突触后电流和多单位活性（MUA）的时间总和。细胞外电位的记录与研究网络的其他方法（ 例如功能性磁共振成像和钙成像）相比具有几个优点，因为它提供了更高的时间和空间分辨率，并且因为它不依赖于遗传工程生物体5 。然而，细胞外体内记录的使用是有限的，因为它是不能普遍应用的侵入性技术。 体内电生理记录可以在清醒和麻醉的动物中执行排序6 。这两种方法都伴随着具体的利弊。清醒动物的研究允许在执行定义的行为任务期间记录大脑信号，但容易发生运动相关和其他工件7,8 。另一方面，麻醉动物的记录提供了在高度定义的皮层同步状态下用最少的人造物评估LFP和MUA的机会，但是结果在一定程度上也与清醒对象9,10,11中可以发现的有所不同。 近年来，已经证明，LFP的抽样对于描绘网络活动的病理变化特别有用。其中一个突出的例子是人类患者PD的病理生理学研究和动物模型，其中可以显示皮质基底节神经节循环中增强的β振荡与帕金森症运动症状12,13相关 。作为这一研究的结果，目前正在研究β振荡是否可以用作闭环深层脑刺激的在线反馈生物标志物14,15 。 在本研究中，提供了用氨基甲酸酯麻醉的大鼠中LFP和MUA的急性多位点体内电生理记录的详细描述。证明如何通过电生理学使用标准和定制的电极以及如何构建这些电极来完整的网络，例如超直接皮层 - 基底神经节途径。特别强调如何通过co实现基底节神经核的精确靶向将立体定向手术与MUAs的在线注册相结合。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Ag/AgCl custom epidural electrodes</td>
			<td>Goodfellow GmbH 
			D-61213 Bad Nauheim, Germany 
			info@goodfellow.com</td>
			<td>Product-ID AG005127 for 99.99% silver wire</td>
			<td>Ag/AgCl electrodes will allow for better signal quality, but may only be used in acute experiments. Possible replacement: Stainless steel electrodes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereotaxic holder with acrylic block</td>
			<td>David Kopf Instruments, 
			7324 Elmo Street, Tujunga, CA 91042, USA</td>
			<td>Product ID Model 1770 Standard Electrode Holder</td>
			<td>Make sure the acrylic block has recesses which suit the electrode setup for the desired target. Acrylic blocks can easily be modified with a file to obtain the desired configuration. Possible replacement: Self-constructed electrode holders</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tungsten microwire electrodes 1.5 M&#937; impedance</td>
			<td>Microprobes.com 
			18247-D Flower Hill Way&#160; Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20879 USA</td>
			<td>Product-ID WE3ST31.5A5-250um</td>
			<td>The 1.5 M&#937; is necessary to record MUA and LFP at the same time. Possible replacement: Microelectrodes of different materials can be used. The electrodes have to be straight, robust and as thin as possible.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rat alignment tool</td>
			<td>David Kopf Instruments, 
			7324 Elmo Street, Tujunga, CA 91042, USA</td>
			<td>Product ID Model 944 Rat Alignment Tool</td>
			<td>Allows the exact orientation of the brain to match stereotaxic atlases. Possible replacement: Stereotaxic holder with a cannula</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Two-component dental acrylic</td>
			<td>Associated Dental Products Ltd. 
			Kemdent Works, Purton, Swindon 
			Wiltshire, SN5 4HT, United Kingdom</td>
			<td>Simplex Rapid Powder Clear 225g, Product code: ACR803; Simplex Rapid Liquid 150ml, Product code: ACR920</td>
			<td>Depending in the electrodes used, superglue might be an easy alternative, if the electrodes are small and lightweight. Possible replacement: Superglue (Cyanacrylate-based)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Faraday cage</td>
			<td>Self-construction</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>A proper Faraday cage will be the best protection from electromagnetic artifacts, but everything which can be formed into a box shape or applied to a frame and is made of conductive material may help. Possible replacement: Aluminum foil or copper mesh</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrophysiological setup with recording software and online spike-sorting capabilities</td>
			<td>OmniPlex&#174; Neural Data Acquisition System 
			Plexon Inc 
			6500 Greenville Avenue, Suite 700 
			Dallas, Texas 75206 
			USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Offline sorting software is a potential alternative, multiple scripts and softwares can be found for free in the open source community.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

acute in vivo electrophysiological recordings of local field potentials and multi-unit activity from the hyperdirect pathway in anesthetized rats

融合证据表明，许多神经精神疾病应被理解为大规模神经元网络的紊乱。为了更好地了解这些疾病的病理生理基础，有必要精确地表征电路的不同神经元部分之间的信息处理在哪种方式的干扰。使用细胞外体内电生理记录，可以精确地描绘神经元网络内的神经元活动。该方法的应用与替代技术相比具有几个优点， 例如功能磁共振成像和钙成像，因为它允许独特的时间和空间分辨率，并且不依赖于遗传工程生物体。然而，细胞外体内记录的使用是有限的，因为它是不能普遍应用的侵入性技术。在本文中，介绍一种简单易用的方法可以在网络的多个位置同时记录细胞外电位，例如局部场电位和多单元活动。详细说明如何使用立体定向手术和多单位记录的在线分析来实现皮质下核的精确定位。因此，证明了在麻醉动物体内如何研究完整的网络如超直肠皮质基底神经节环。

使用本文使用的记录电极，可以从STN和SNr从初级运动皮层，下丘脑核和黑质分布样本LFPs和网状细胞。最初，LFP和多单元活动一起记录在宽带信号中。此后，LFP和MUA被带通滤波器分离（LFP为0.05-250Hz，MUA为300-4,000Hz）。 为了正确定位皮质下核，特别是小结构如STN，有利的是将计划的立体坐标与在线记录的MUA信号对齐。对于可以记?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats at JoVE.com

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

急性<em&gt;体内</em&gt;麻醉大鼠超导途径局部场电位和多单位活动的电生理记录

在本研究中，介绍了如何在尿烷麻醉下从超直接途径进行多位点体内电生理记录的方法。

Converging evidence shows that many neuropsychiatric diseases should be understood as disorders of large-scale neuronal networks. To better understand the ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Single-unit In vivo Recordings from the Optic Chiasm of Rat

Single-unit In vivo Recordings from the Optic Chiasm of Rat

单机在体内</em从大鼠视交叉>录音

Information about the visual world is transmitted to the brain in sequences of action potentials in retinal ganglion cell axons that make up the optic ...

科研

神经科学

Electrophysiological Recordings from the Giant Fiber Pathway of D. melanogaster

Electrophysiological Recordings from the Giant Fiber Pathway of D. melanogaster

从巨纤维通路的电生理记录 D。果蝇</em

When startled adult D. melanogaster react by jumping into the air and flying away. In many invertebrate species, including D. melanogaster, the "escape" ...

Identification of Olfactory Volatiles using Gas Chromatography-Multi-unit Recordings (GCMR) in the Insect Antennal Lobe

Identification of Olfactory Volatiles using Gas Chromatography-Multi-unit Recordings GCMR in the Insect Antennal Lobe

用气相色谱 - 多单元的录音（GCMR）昆虫触角叶嗅觉挥发物的鉴定

All  organisms inhabit a world full of sensory stimuli that determine their  behavioral and physiological response to their environment. Olfaction is ...

Dual Electrophysiological Recordings of Synaptically-evoked Astroglial and Neuronal Responses in Acute Hippocampal Slices

双突触诱发的星形胶质细胞和神经元的反应，在急性海马脑片电生理记录

Astrocytes form together with neurons tripartite synapses, where they integrate and modulate neuronal activity. Indeed, astrocytes sense neuronal inputs ...

Multi-unit Recording Methods to Characterize Neural Activity in the Locust (Schistocerca Americana) Olfactory Circuits

Multi-unit Recording Methods to Characterize Neural Activity in the Locust Schistocerca Americana Olfactory Circuits

多单位记录方法来描述蝗虫的神经活动（<em&gt; Schistocerca美洲</em&gt;）嗅觉电路

Detection and interpretation of olfactory cues are critical for the survival  of many organisms. Remarkably, species across phyla have strikingly similar ...

Electrophysiological and Morphological Characterization of Neuronal Microcircuits in Acute Brain Slices Using Paired Patch-Clamp Recordings

神经微电路急性脑片电生理和形态特征采用配对膜片钳记录

The combination of patch clamp recordings from two (or more) synaptically coupled neurons (paired recordings) in acute brain slice preparations with ...

Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats

电图同时记录和麻醉大鼠视觉诱发电位

The electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) are commonly used to assess the integrity of the visual pathway. The ERG measures the ...

Electrophysiological Method for Whole-cell Voltage Clamp Recordings from Drosophila Photoreceptors

Electrophysiological Method for Whole-cell Voltage Clamp Recordings from Drosophila Photoreceptors

全细胞电压钳记录的电生理方法<em&gt;果蝇</em&gt;光感受器

Whole-cell voltage clamp recordings from Drosophila melanogaster photoreceptors have revolutionized the field of invertebrate visual transduction, ...

Simultaneous Recordings of Cortical Local Field Potentials, Electrocardiogram, Electromyogram, and Breathing Rhythm from a Freely Moving Rat

自由运动大鼠皮质局部电位、心电图、肌电图和呼吸节律的同步记录

Monitoring the physiological dynamics of the brain and peripheral tissues is necessary for addressing a number of questions about how the brain controls ...

Quantifying Acute Changes in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Central Nervous System Manipulations in Anesthetized Rats

麻醉大鼠中枢神经系统操作对肾交感神经活动的急性变化量化

Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure are important parameters in cardiovascular and autonomic research; however, there are ...