Name: fluorescence-mediated tomography for the detection and quantification of macrophage-related murine intestinal inflammation
Uploaded: 2017-12-15T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Fluorescence-mediated Tomography for the Detection and Quantification of Macrophage-related Murine Intestinal Inflammation at JoVE.com

Bayan Sonja Dufentester, Bayan Elke Weber ve Bayan Klaudia Niepagenkämper mükemmel teknik destek için teşekkür ederiz.

Tüm hayvan deneyleri Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz (LANUV) Nordrhein-Westfalen göre Alman hayvan koruma kanunu (Tierschutzgesetz) tarafından kabul edildi.
1. malzeme ve deneysel Kur
<ol>
	<li>Hayvan bakımı.
	<ol>
		<li>Cinsiyet ve yaş uyumlu fare DSS-duyarlı herhangi bir baskı (Örneğin, C57BL/6) 20-25 g vücut ağırlığı kullanın.</li>
		<li>Deney grubu ve ev başına en az beş veya daha fazla fare fareler yerel hayvan bakımı es...

<ol>
	<li>Bruckner, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Murine+endoscopy+for+in+vivo+multimodal+imaging+of+carcinogenesis+and+assessment+of+intestinal+wound+healing+and+inflammation.">Murine endoscopy for in vivo multimodal imaging of carcinogenesis and assessment of intestinal wound healing and inflammation.</a> J Vis Exp. (90), (2014).</li><li>Lewis, J. S., Achilefu, S., Garbow, J. R., Laforest, R., Welch, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Small+animal+imaging.+current+technology+and+perspectives+for+oncological+imaging.">Small animal imaging. current technology and perspectives for oncological imaging.</a> Eur J Cancer. 38 (16), 2173-2188 (2002).</li><li>Bettenworth, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Translational+18F-FDG+PET/CT+imaging+to+monitor+lesion+activity+in+intestinal+inflammation.">Translational 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging to monitor lesion activity in intestinal inflammation.</a> J Nucl Med. 54 (5), 748-755 (2013).</li><li>Vowinkel, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Apolipoprotein+A-IV+inhibits+experimental+colitis.">Apolipoprotein A-IV inhibits experimental colitis.</a> J Clin Invest. 114 (2), 260-269 (2004).</li><li>Korlach, J., Schwille, P., Webb, W. W., Feigenson, G. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterization+of+lipid+bilayer+phases+by+confocal+microscopy+and+fluorescence+correlation+spectroscopy.">Characterization of lipid bilayer phases by confocal microscopy and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96 (15), 8461-8466 (1999).</li><li>Ntziachristos, V., Tung, C. H., Bremer, C., Weissleder, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescence+molecular+tomography+resolves+protease+activity+in+vivo.">Fluorescence molecular tomography resolves protease activity in vivo.</a> Nat Med. 8 (7), 757-760 (2002).</li><li>Ntziachristos, V., Bremer, C., Weissleder, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescence+imaging+with+near-infrared+light:+new+technological+advances+that+enable+in+vivo+molecular+imaging.">Fluorescence imaging with near-infrared light: new technological advances that enable in vivo molecular imaging.</a> Eur Radiol. 13 (1), 195-208 (2003).</li><li>Ntziachristos, V., Bremer, C., Graves, E. E., Ripoll, J., Weissleder, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+tomographic+imaging+of+near-infrared+fluorescent+probes.">In vivo tomographic imaging of near-infrared fluorescent probes.</a> Mol Imaging. 1 (2), 82-88 (2002).</li><li>Ballou, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tumor+labeling+in+vivo+using+cyanine-conjugated+monoclonal+antibodies.">Tumor labeling in vivo using cyanine-conjugated monoclonal antibodies.</a> Cancer Immunol Immunother. 41 (4), 257-263 (1995).</li><li>Wirtz, S., Neufert, C., Weigmann, B., Neurath, M. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemically+induced+mouse+models+of+intestinal+inflammation.">Chemically induced mouse models of intestinal inflammation.</a> Nat Protoc. 2 (3), 541-546 (2007).</li><li>Kawada, M., Arihiro, A., Mizoguchi, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Insights+from+advances+in+research+of+chemically+induced+experimental+models+of+human+inflammatory+bowel+disease.">Insights from advances in research of chemically induced experimental models of human inflammatory bowel disease.</a> World J Gastroenterol. 13 (42), 5581-5593 (2007).</li><li>Nowacki, T. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+5A+apolipoprotein+A-I+(apoA-I)+mimetic+peptide+ameliorates+experimental+colitis+by+regulating+monocyte+infiltration.">The 5A apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) mimetic peptide ameliorates experimental colitis by regulating monocyte infiltration.</a> Br J Pharmacol. 173 (18), 2780-2792 (2016).</li><li>Hansch, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+imaging+of+experimental+arthritis+with+near-infrared+fluorescence.">In vivo imaging of experimental arthritis with near-infrared fluorescence.</a> Arthritis Rheum. 50 (3), 961-967 (2004).</li><li>Bialkowska, A. B., Ghaleb, A. M., Nandan, M. O., Yang, V. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improved+Swiss-rolling+Technique+for+Intestinal+Tissue+Preparation+for+Immunohistochemical+and+Immunofluorescent+Analyses.">Improved Swiss-rolling Technique for Intestinal Tissue Preparation for Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescent Analyses.</a> J Vis Exp. (113), (2016).</li><li>Diaz-Granados, N., Howe, K., Lu, J., McKay, D. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dextran+sulfate+sodium-induced+colonic+histopathology,+but+not+altered+epithelial+ion+transport,+is+reduced+by+inhibition+of+phosphodiesterase+activity.">Dextran sulfate sodium-induced colonic histopathology, but not altered epithelial ion transport, is reduced by inhibition of phosphodiesterase activity.</a> Am J Pathol. 156 (6), 2169-2177 (2000).</li><li>Kim, J. J., Shajib, M. S., Manocha, M. M., Khan, W. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Investigating+intestinal+inflammation+in+DSS-induced+model+of+IBD.">Investigating intestinal inflammation in DSS-induced model of IBD.</a> J Vis Exp. (60), e3678 (2012).</li><li>Dieleman, L. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chronic+experimental+colitis+induced+by+dextran+sulphate+sodium+(DSS)+is+characterized+by+Th1+and+Th2+cytokines.">Chronic experimental colitis induced by dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) is characterized by Th1 and Th2 cytokines.</a> Clin Exp Immunol. 114 (3), 385-391 (1998).</li><li>Kojouharoff, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neutralization+of+tumour+necrosis+factor+(TNF)+but+not+of+IL-1+reduces+inflammation+in+chronic+dextran+sulphate+sodium-induced+colitis+in+mice.">Neutralization of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) but not of IL-1 reduces inflammation in chronic dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis in mice.</a> Clin Exp Immunol. 107 (2), 353-358 (1997).</li><li>Sunderkotter, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Subpopulations+of+mouse+blood+monocytes+differ+in+maturation+stage+and+inflammatory+response.">Subpopulations of mouse blood monocytes differ in maturation stage and inflammatory response.</a> J Immunol. 172 (7), 4410-4417 (2004).</li><li>Willmann, J. K., van Bruggen, N., Dinkelborg, L. M., Gambhir, S. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+imaging+in+drug+development.">Molecular imaging in drug development.</a> Nat Rev Drug Discov. 7 (7), 591-607 (2008).</li><li>Ntziachristos, V., Ripoll, J., Wang, L. V., Weissleder, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Looking+and+listening+to+light:+the+evolution+of+whole-body+photonic+imaging.">Looking and listening to light: the evolution of whole-body photonic imaging.</a> Nat Biotechnol. 23 (3), 313-320 (2005).</li><li>Ntziachristos, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Going+deeper+than+microscopy:+the+optical+imaging+frontier+in+biology.">Going deeper than microscopy: the optical imaging frontier in biology.</a> Nat Methods. 7 (8), 603-614 (2010).</li><li>Stuker, F., Ripoll, J., Rudin, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescence+molecular+tomography:+principles+and+potential+for+pharmaceutical+research.">Fluorescence molecular tomography: principles and potential for pharmaceutical research.</a> Pharmaceutics. 3 (2), 229-274 (2011).</li><li>Beziere, N., Ntziachristos, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optoacoustic+imaging:+an+emerging+modality+for+the+gastrointestinal+tract.">Optoacoustic imaging: an emerging modality for the gastrointestinal tract.</a> Gastroenterology. 141 (6), 1979-1985 (2011).</li><li>Habtezion, A., Nguyen, L. P., Hadeiba, H., Butcher, E. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Leukocyte+Trafficking+to+the+Small+Intestine+and+Colon.">Leukocyte Trafficking to the Small Intestine and Colon.</a> Gastroenterology. 150 (2), 340-354 (2016).</li><li>Ungar, B., Kopylov, U. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Advances+in+the+development+of+new+biologics+in+inflammatory+bowel+disease.">Advances in the development of new biologics in inflammatory bowel disease.</a> Ann Gastroenterol. 29 (3), 243-248 (2016).</li><li>Sandborn, W. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Vedolizumab+as+induction+and+maintenance+therapy+for+Crohn's+disease.">Vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for Crohn's disease.</a> N Engl J Med. 369 (8), 711-721 (2013).</li><li>Vermeire, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Etrolizumab+as+induction+therapy+for+ulcerative+colitis:+a+randomised,+controlled,+phase+2+trial.">Etrolizumab as induction therapy for ulcerative colitis: a randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial.</a> Lancet. 384 (9940), 309-318 (2014).</li><li>Coskun, M., Vermeire, S., Nielsen, O. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Novel+Targeted+Therapies+for+Inflammatory+Bowel+Disease.">Novel Targeted Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.</a> Trends Pharmacol Sci. , (2016).</li><li>Vermeire, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+mucosal+addressin+cell+adhesion+molecule+antibody+PF-00547,659+in+ulcerative+colitis:+a+randomised+study.">The mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule antibody PF-00547,659 in ulcerative colitis: a randomised study.</a> Gut. 60 (8), 1068-1075 (2011).</li><li>Terai, T., Nagano, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Small-molecule+fluorophores+and+fluorescent+probes+for+bioimaging.">Small-molecule fluorophores and fluorescent probes for bioimaging.</a> Pflugers Arch. 465 (3), 347-359 (2013).</li><li>Ren, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dynamic+Measurement+of+Tumor+Vascular+Permeability+and+Perfusion+using+a+Hybrid+System+for+Simultaneous+Magnetic+Resonance+and+Fluorescence+Imaging.">Dynamic Measurement of Tumor Vascular Permeability and Perfusion using a Hybrid System for Simultaneous Magnetic Resonance and Fluorescence Imaging.</a> Mol Imaging Biol. 18 (2), 191-200 (2016).</li><li>Ale, A., Ermolayev, V., Deliolanis, N. C., Ntziachristos, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fluorescence+background+subtraction+technique+for+hybrid+fluorescence+molecular+tomography/x-ray+computed+tomography+imaging+of+a+mouse+model+of+early+stage+lung+cancer.">Fluorescence background subtraction technique for hybrid fluorescence molecular tomography/x-ray computed tomography imaging of a mouse model of early stage lung cancer.</a> J Biomed Opt. 18 (5), 56006 (2013).</li><li>Chames, P., Van Regenmortel, M., Weiss, E., Baty, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Therapeutic+antibodies:+successes,+limitations+and+hopes+for+the+future.">Therapeutic antibodies: successes, limitations and hopes for the future.</a> Br J Pharmacol. 157 (2), 220-233 (2009).</li><li>Faust, A., Hermann, S., Schafers, M., Holtke, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optical+imaging+probes+and+their+potential+contribution+to+radiotracer+development.">Optical imaging probes and their potential contribution to radiotracer development.</a> Nuklearmedizin. 55 (2), 51-62 (2016).</li><li>Mahler, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+susceptibility+of+inbred+mouse+strains+to+dextran+sulfate+sodium-induced+colitis.">Differential susceptibility of inbred mouse strains to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis.</a> Am J Physiol. 274 (3 Pt 1), G544-G551 (1998).</li></ol>

Tıbbi görüntüleme teknikleri son yıllarda hızla geliştiğini rağmen biz hala bizim yetenek iltihabi süreçleri veya tümörler, hem de diğer hastalıklar erken onların geliştirme aşamalarında algılamak için sınırlıdır. Ancak, bu anlayış tümör büyüme, işgali, ya da metastaz kalkınma ve hücresel süreçler enflamatuar bozuklukları ve dejeneratif, kardiyovasküler ve immünolojik hastalıkların gelişiminde çok önemlidir. Geleneksel görüntüleme teknikleri fiziksel veya fizyolojik parametr...

Hayvan modelleri bilimsel araştırmalarda yaygın olarak kullanılır ve hastalık etkinliğini izleme ve canlılık, vücut ağırlığı değişiklikler miktar veya kan, idrar ve dışkı analizi gibi birçok non-invaziv prosedürleri var. Ancak, bu da tabi arası bireysel farklılıklarına sadece dolaylı temsilci parametre vardır. Onlar sık sık post mortem analizleri tekrarlanan zaman noktalarda seri gözlem engeller doku örnek tarafından tamamlanabilir gerekir ve gözlem fizyolojik veya patolojik içinde vivoişler doğrudan. Sofistike küçük hayvan görüntüleme teknikleri, çapraz kesit görüntüleme, optik görüntüleme ve Endoskopi, bu süreçlerin doğrudan görselleştirme ve ayrıca aynı hayvanlar1 tekrarlayan analizleri için sağlar bu da dahil olmak üzere ortaya çıkmıştır , 2 , 3. Ayrıca, sürekli aynı hayvan hastalığında çeşitli durumlarını izlemek için olasılık daha bir hayvan etik açıdan uygun olabilir gerekli, hayvan sayısını azaltmak.
Birkaç farklı optik görüntüleme teknikleri vivo içinde Floresans görüntüleme için mevcut. Aslında, confocal görüntüleme yüzey ve yeraltı floresan olayları4,5çalışmaya istihdam edildi. Son zamanlarda, ancak, nicel üç boyutlu doku değerlendirmeler için izin tomografik sistemleri gelişmiş6olmuştur. Bu düşük emilim, duyarlı detektörlerle ve monokromatik ışık kaynakları7sunan yakın kızılötesi (Nur) spektrumda ışık yayarlar floresan problar geliştirilmesi yoluyla gerçekleştirdi. Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (BT), manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) veya ultrason (ABD), çoğunlukla fiziksel parametrelere dayanan ve Morfoloji, görselleştirmek gibi geleneksel cross-sectioning görüntüleme teknikleri, ek bilgiler optik görüntüleme sağlar temel moleküler süreçleri endojen veya eksojen floresan kullanarak8sondalar.
Moleküler Biyoloji gelişmeler hedefler giderek artan sayıda için akıllı ve hedeflenen floresan moleküler probları nesil kolaylaştırmak için yardımcı oldu. Örneğin, reseptör aracılı alımı ve belirli hedef alan dağıtım carbocyanine türev etiketli antikorlar9kullanarak görüntülenmeyecektir. Vücudun aksi ulaşılmaz yerlerde belirli tarayıcıları olarak çalışmaya etiketli, mevcut antikorlar bolluk tumorigenesis ve nörodejeneratif modellerinin moleküler ve hücresel işlemlerinde benzersiz anlayışlar sağlar, kalp, immünolojik ve inflamatuar hastalıkları7.
Bu çalışmada, Floresans aracılı tomografi kolit, fare modeli nasıl kullanılacağını açıklar. Dextran sodyum sülfat (DSS)-bağlı kolit olan standart bir kimyasal olarak indüklenen fare modeli iltihabi bağırsak hastalığı (IBD)10benzer bağırsak iltihabı. Doğuştan gelen bağışıklık sistemi bağırsak iltihabı11gelişimine katkısını değerlendirmek özellikle yararlıdır. İşe alma, harekete geçirmek ve monosit ve makrofaj infiltrasyonu IBD patogenezinde önemli adımları temsil ettiğinden, onların işe alım görselleştirme ve Kinetik infiltrasyon, örneğin, etkisini kontrol için gerekli Preklinik ayarı12olası tedavi edici maddeler. DSS kolit indüksiyon tarif ve makrofaj infiltrasyon Floresans moleküler tomografi monosit/makrofaj işaretçiyi F4/80 belirli görselleştirme için kullanarak bağırsak mukozası içine tomografi-aracılı karakterizasyonu göstermek 13. Ayrıca, antikor etiketleme gibi; yardımcı ve tamamlayıcı yordamlara göstermek deneysel Kur; ve analizi ve yorumu elde edilen görüntülerin hastalık aktivite endeksi gibi geleneksel çıktıları ile korelasyon Akış Sitometresi ve histolojik analizi ve immünhistokimya. Biz bu tekniği ve karşılaştırmalar diğer görüntüleme yöntemleri için sınırlamalar tartışıyorlar.

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:469px;">Reagents</td>
			<td style="width:423px;"></td>
			<td style="width:320px;"></td>
			<td style="width:389px;"></td>
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		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Alfalfa-free diet</td>
			<td>Harlan Laboritories, Madison, USA</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">2014</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Bepanthen eye ointment</td>
			<td style="width:423px;">Bayer, Leverkusen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">80469764</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)</td>
			<td>TdB Consulatancy, Uppsala, Sweden</td>
			<td>DB001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:469px;">Eosin</td>
			<td style="width:423px;">Sigma - Aldrich, Deisenhofen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">E 4382</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:469px;">Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:423px;">Sigma - Aldrich, Deisenhofen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">E 9884</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Florene 100V/V</td>
			<td>Abbott, Wiesbaden, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">B506</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:469px;">Haematoxylin&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:423px;">Sigma - Aldrich, Deisenhofen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">HHS32-1L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:469px;">O.C.T. Tissue Tek compound&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:423px;">Sakura, Zoeterwonde, Netherlands</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">4583</td>
			<td>fixative for histological analyses</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:469px;">Phosphate buffered saline, PBS</td>
			<td style="width:423px;">Lonza, Verviers, Belgium</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">4629</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Sodium Chloride 0,9%</td>
			<td>Braun, Melsungen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">5/12211095/0411</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Sodium bicarbonate powder</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich Deisenhofen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">S5761</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Standard diet</td>
			<td>Altromin, Lage, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">1320</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Tissue-Tek Cryomold</td>
			<td>Sakura, Leiden, Netherlands</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">4566</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Hemoccult (guaiac paper test)</td>
			<td>Beckmann Coulter, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">3060</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Biotin rat-anti-mouse anti-F4/80 antibody</td>
			<td>Serotec, Oxford, UK</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">MCA497B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Biotin rat-anti-mouse anti-GR-1&#160;</td>
			<td>BD Pharmingen, Heidelberg Germany</td>
			<td>553125</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Streptavidin-Alexa546</td>
			<td>Molecular Probes, Darmstadt, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">S-11225</td>
			<td>excitation/emission maximum:&#160; 556/573nm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Anti-CD11b rat-anti-mouse antibody TC</td>
			<td>Calteg, Burlingame, USA</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">R2b06</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:469px;">Purified anti-mouse F4/80 antibody</td>
			<td>BioLegend, London, UK</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">123102</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">DAPI</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhoffen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">D9542</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">FITC-conjugated anti-Ly6C rat-anti-mouse antibody</td>
			<td>BD Pharmingen, Heidelberg, Germany</td>
			<td>553104</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">FACS buffer</td>
			<td>BD Pharmingen, Heidelberg, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">342003</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Cy7 NHS Ester</td>
			<td>GE Healthcare&#160;Europe, Freiburg, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">PA17104</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">MPO ELISA</td>
			<td>Immundiagnostik AG, Bensheim, Germany</td>
			<td>K 6631B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Cy5.5 labeled anti-mouse F4/80 antibody</td>
			<td>BioLegend, London, UK</td>
			<td>123127</td>
			<td>ready to use labelled Antibodies (alternative)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Anti-Mouse F4/80 Antigen PerCP-Cyanine5.5</td>
			<td>eBioscience, Waltham, USA</td>
			<td>45-4801-80</td>
			<td>ready to use labelled Antibodies (alternative)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhoffen, Germany</td>
			<td>67-68-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:469px;">Isoflurane</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhoffen, Germany</td>
			<td>792632</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Ethanol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhoffen, Germany</td>
			<td>64-17-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Bovine Serum Albumins (BSA)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhoffen, Germany</td>
			<td>A4612</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Tris Buffered Saline Solution (TBS)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhoffen, Germany</td>
			<td>SRE0032</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:469px;">Name</td>
			<td style="width:423px;">Company</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Equipment</td>
			<td></td>
			<td style="width:320px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">FACS Calibur Flow Cytometry System</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">FMT 2000 In Vivo Imaging System</td>
			<td>PerkinElmer Inc., Waltham, MA, USA</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">FMT2000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">True Quant 3.1 Imaging Analysis Software</td>
			<td>PerkinElmer Inc., Waltham, MA, USA</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">included in FMT2000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Leica DMLB Fluorescent Microscope</td>
			<td>Leica,&#160; 35578 Wetzlar, Germany&#160;</td>
			<td>DMLB</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Bandelin Sonopuls HD 2070</td>
			<td>Bandelin, 12207 Berlin, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">HD 2070</td>
			<td>ultrasonic homogenizer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:469px;">Disposable scalpel No 10</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhoffen, Germany</td>
			<td>Z692395-10EA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:469px;">Metzenbaum scissors 14cm</td>
			<td>Ehrhardt Medizinprodukte GmbH, Geislingen, Germany</td>
			<td>22398330</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">luer lock syringe 5ml</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhoffen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">Z248010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:469px;">syringe needles</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, Deisenhoffen, Germany</td>
			<td>Z192368&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Falcon Tube 50ml</td>
			<td>BD Biosciences, Erembodegem, Belgium</td>
			<td style="width:320px;">352070</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

fluorescence-mediated tomography for the detection and quantification of macrophage-related murine intestinal inflammation

Hastalığın fare modelleri bilimsel araştırma için vazgeçilmezdir. Ancak, endoskopi veya tomografik görüntüleme gibi birçok tanılama araçlarını düzenli olarak hayvan modellerinde istihdam değil. Geleneksel deneysel veriler çoğunlukla intra bireysel izleme sınavları önlemek ve çalışma hayvanların gerekli sayıda artışı post mortem ve ex vivo analizlere kullanır. Floresan-aracılı tomografi floresan problar non-invaziv, tekrarlayan, nicel, üç boyutlu bir değerlendirme sağlar. Son derece duyarlı ve özel algılama ve ayrı moleküler hedeflerin karakterizasyonu için izin veren moleküler yapımcıları, kullanımına izin verir. Özellikle, hedeflenen probları gen harekete geçirmek ve protein ekspresyonu inflamasyon, otoimmün hastalığı, enfeksiyon, damar hastalıkları, hücre göç, tumorigenesis, vbolarak analiz etmek için yenilikçi bir araç temsil eder. Vivo algılama ve inflamasyon (Yani, F4/80-pozitif makrofaj infiltrasyonu), yaygın olarak kullanılan bir fare modeli karakterizasyonu için bu makalede, biz bu sofistike görüntüleme teknolojisi üzerinde adım adım yönergeler sağlar bağırsak iltihabı. Bu teknik de bağışıklık hücre veya kök hücre izleme gibi diğer araştırma alanlarda kullanılabilir.

Kolit değerlendirilmesi:
DSS kaynaklı kolit insan IBD benzer ve kilo kaybı, rektal kanama, yüzeysel ülserasyonun ve duyarlı fareler15Mukozal hasara yol açar bağırsak iltihabı kimyasal olarak indüklenen bir fare modeldir. Doğuştan gelen bağışıklık sistemi bağırsak iltihabı10,11gelişimine katkısını incelemek...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Fluorescence-mediated Tomography for the Detection and Quantification of Macrophage-related Murine Intestinal Inflammation at JoVE.com

Fluorescence-mediated Tomography for the Detection and Quantification of Macrophage-related Murine Intestinal Inflammation

Hedef özgü probları protein ifade çeşitli hastalık (Örneğin, iltihap, enfeksiyon ve tumorigenesis) gibi moleküler mekanizmaları analiz etmek için yenilikçi bir araç temsil eder. Bu çalışmada, bağırsak makrofaj infiltrasyonu F4/80 özel tomografi Floresans aracılı kullanarak kolit, fare modeli üç boyutlu bir nicel tomografik değerlendirilmesi açıklar.

Floresan-aracılı tomografi algılama ve fare bağırsak iltihabı makrofaj ile ilgili miktar

Murine models of disease are indispensable to scientific research. However, many diagnostic tools such as endoscopy or tomographic imaging are not ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT)

Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography FDG-PET/CT

Aterosklerotik Plak Aktivite ve Damar İltihabı Kantitasyonu kullanarak [18-F] Florodeoksiglukoz Pozitron Emisyon Tomografisi / Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (FDG-PET/CT)

Conventional non-invasive imaging modalities of atherosclerosis such as coronary artery calcium (CAC)1 and carotid intimal medial thickness (C-IMT)2 ...

Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation

Bağırsak Manipülasyon bir Standart Model Analizleri: Kemirgenler Barsak Motilite ve Gut Duvar İnflamasyon İşlevsel Değerlendirilmesi

Inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract is a common reason for a variety of human diseases. Animal research models are critical in investigating the ...

Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) for Cancer Therapy Monitoring

Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging CLI for Cancer Therapy Monitoring

Kanser Tedavisi İzleme Cerenkov Lüminesans Görüntüleme (CLI)

In  molecular imaging, positron emission tomography (PET) and optical imaging (OI)  are two of the most important and thus most widely used modalities1-3. ...

Murine Endoscopy for In Vivo Multimodal Imaging of Carcinogenesis and Assessment of Intestinal Wound Healing and Inflammation

Murine Endoscopy for In Vivo Multimodal Imaging of Carcinogenesis and Assessment of Intestinal Wound Healing and Inflammation

Murin için Endoskop<em&gt; In Vivo</em&gt; Karsinojenez ve bağırsak Değerlendirilmesi Multimodaller Görüntüleme Yara İyileşmesi ve İltihap

Mouse models are widely used to study pathogenesis of human diseases and to evaluate diagnostic procedures as well as therapeutic interventions ...

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection

Fare Böbrek Transplantasyonu: Allogreft Reddi Modelleri

Rejection of the transplanted kidney in humans is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The mouse model of renal transplantation closely ...

A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

Geri dönüşümsüz ve Tersinir Tek taraflı Üreterik Obstrüksiyon bir fare modeli

Obstruction of the kidney may affect native or transplanted kidneys and results in kidney injury and scarring. Presented here is a model of obstructive ...

Murine Model of Intestinal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury

Bağırsak İskemi-reperfüzyon Hasarı Murin Modeli

Intestinal ischemia is a life-threatening condition associated with a broad range of clinical conditions including atherosclerosis, thrombosis, ...

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation

Aort Kalsifikasyon ve Enflamasyon Vasküler düz kas hücrelerinin ve Görüntüleme Kalsifikasyon

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world.  Atherosclerotic plaques, consisting of lipid-laden macrophages and ...