Name: in vivo imaging of cx3cr1gfp/gfp reporter mice with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy
Uploaded: 2017-11-11T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vivo Imaging of Cx3cr1gfp/gfp Reporter Mice with Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy at JoVE.com

Dette arbeidet ble støttet av et tilskudd på Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF, #320030_156019). Forfatterne fikk støtte fra Heidelberg Engineering GmBH, Tyskland.

i alle prosedyrer, BALB/c voksne mannlige og kvinnelige mus som uttrykker gfp under arrangøren av Cx3cr1 ble brukt 24. Mus ble behandlet etter ARVO erklæringen for bruk av dyr i Ophthalmic og visjon forskning og alle prosedyrer ble godkjent fra den sveitsiske regjeringen i henhold til føderale sveitsiske regelverket på Animal Welfare. Mus var anesthetized ved en subcutaneous injeksjon av medetomidine hydroklorid (0.75 mg/kg) og ketamin (45 mg/kg). Riktig anestesi ble bekreftet av re...

<ol>
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Denne artikkel beskriver en protokoll for oppkjøpet av netthinnen B-skanner og bildebehandling for gfp positive microglia distribusjon i musen netthinnen i samme tenkelig økt. SD-oktober og SLO brukes stadig i dyremodeller retinal sykdom for å gi informasjon for retinal endringer over tid,10,,14,,17,,18,,21. Med denne protokollen, Cx3cr1gfp/gfp</su...

I eksperimentelle Oftalmologi beregnes undersøkelse av netthinnen patologi vanligvis ved hjelp av histologiske teknikker. Men histology krever dyr euthanization og kan forårsake endring i faktiske egenskapene av vev. SD-oktober og SLO brukes rutinemessig i klinisk Oftalmologi for diagnose og for overvåking av flere retinal sykdommer som diabetiker macula ødem9, anterior iskemiske fiberoptisk nevropati10eller retinitis pigmentosa11 . SD-oktober og SLO er ikke-invasiv teknikker som genererer høyoppløselige bilder av netthinnen, som er visualisert gjennom utvidede eleven uten ytterligere inngrep. SD-oktober gir informasjon av netthinnen struktur og retinal tykkelse ved å samle backscattering data for å opprette tverrsnitt bilder av netthinnen, mens SLO samler fluorescens data å produsere stereoskopisk bilder med høy kontrast av netthinnen. I dag er begge teknikkene blir stadig mer brukt i eksperimentell Oftalmologi bruker små gnagere12,13,14,15 (eller selv sebrafisk16,17) og kan gi både kvalitativ og kvantitativ informasjon12,17,18,19,20,21.
Akkumulering av endogene fluorophores som lipofuscins eller dannelsen av drusen i netthinnen kan visualiseres SLO som automatisk fluorescerende signal. Denne funksjonen gjør SLO en verdifull teknikk for diagnose og overvåking av netthinnen sykdommer som aldersrelatert makuladegenerasjon eller retinitis pigmentosa22,23. I eksperimentelle Oftalmologi, kan auto fluorescens imaging (AF) brukes for påvisning av spesifikke celletyper reporter musen linjer. For eksempel er mus heterozygote for uttrykket av gfp under bak Cx3cr124 fordelaktig for i vivo visualisering av microglial celler i normal netthinnen og etterforskning av microglia/macrophage dynamikken i netthinnen sykdom21. Microglia er det bosatt makrofager av netthinnen, som spiller en avgjørende rolle på vev homeostase og reparasjon av vev på skade1,25,26. Microglia aktivisering i netthinnen har rapportert retinal skade, iskemi og degenerasjon, antyder en rolle i disse cellene i netthinnen sykdom2,3,4,5, 6.
Målet med den nåværende protokollen er å beskrive en relativt enkel metode for retinal imaging og måling av netthinnen tykkelse ved hjelp av SD-oktober og visualisering av gfp positive microglia celler i Cx3cr1gfp/gfp musen netthinnen hjelp SLO (Heidelberg Spectralis HRA + OCT system). Denne protokollen kan benyttes for bildebehandling og tykkelse mål av sunn eller syke Netthinne i ulike musen linjer. I tillegg kan morphometric analyser utføres for identifikasjon og kvantifisering av microglia og microglia aktivisering i netthinnen bruker SLO21. Microglia celler er forbundet med degenerative sykdommer i sentralnervesystemet (CNS), inkludert de Netthinne27,28,29. Dermed, ved å kombinere de to metodene brukes i stede protokollen, korrelasjon av microglia distribusjon og retinal degenerasjon kan gjøres, som kan forenkle overvåking sykdommens alvorlighetsgrad eller effekten av terapeutisk tilnærminger i vivo.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Spectralis Imaging system (HRA+OCT)</td>
			<td>Heidelberg Engineering, Germany</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>ophthalmic imaging platform system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heidelberg Eye Explorer</td>
			<td>Heidelberg Engineering, Germany</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Version 1.9.13.0</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>78D standard ophthalmic non-contact slit lamp lens</td>
			<td>Volk Optical Inc., Ohio, USA</td>
			<td>V78C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spectralis wide angle 55&#176; lens</td>
			<td>Heidelberg Engineering, Germany</td>
			<td>50897-002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ultra widefield 102&#176; lens</td>
			<td>Heidelberg Engineering, Germany</td>
			<td>50117-001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>medetomidine hydrochloride 1 mg/mL (Domitor)</td>
			<td>Provet AG, Lyssach, Switzerland</td>
			<td>Swissmedic Nr. 50&#39;590 - ATCvet: QN05CM91</td>
			<td>anesthetic/analgesic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ketamine 50mg/ml (Ketalar)</td>
			<td>Parke-Davis, Zurich, Switzerland</td>
			<td>72276388</td>
			<td>anesthetic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>tropicamide 0.5% + phenylephrine HCl 2.5% (Augentropfen mix)</td>
			<td>ISPI, Bern, Switzerland</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>pupil dilation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Omnican Insulin-50 0.5 ml G30 0.3 x 12mm</td>
			<td>B. Braun Mesungen AG, Carl-Braun-Stra&#223;e, Germany</td>
			<td>9151125</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Methocel 2%)</td>
			<td>OmniVision, Neuhausen, Switzerland</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>+4 dpt rigid gas permeable contact lens</td>
			<td>Quantum I, Bausch + Lomb Inc., Rochester, NY</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Base Curve: 7.20 to 8.40 mm 
			Diameter: 9.00 / 9.60 / 10.20 mm 
			Power: -25.00 to +25.00 Diopters</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>balanced salt solution (BSS)</td>
			<td>Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>silicon forceps</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>atipamezole 5 mg/mL (Antisedan)</td>
			<td>Provet AG, Lyssach, Switzerland</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>&#945;2 adrenergic receptor antagonist</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GraphPad Prism 7</td>
			<td>GraphPad Software, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>statistical analysis software</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

in vivo imaging of cx3cr1gfp/gfp reporter mice with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy

Spectral domene optical coherence tomografi (SD-oktober) og skanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) er mye brukt i eksperimentell Oftalmologi. I den nåværende protokollen, mus uttrykke grønn fluorescerende protein (gfp) under arrangøren av Cx3cr1 (BALB/c-Cx3cr1gfp/gfp) ble brukt til å image microglia celler i vivo i netthinnen. Microglia er bosatt makrofager av netthinnen og har vært innblandet i flere retinal sykdommer1,2,3,4,5,6. Denne protokollen gir en detaljert tilnærming for generering av netthinnen B-skanner med SD-oktober og avbilding av microglia celle distribusjon i Cx3cr1gfp/gfp mus med SLO i vivo, bruker en ophthalmica tenkelig plattform system. Protokollen kan brukes i flere reporter musen linjer. Det er imidlertid noen begrensninger for protokollen presenteres her. Først både SLO og SD-oktober, når den brukes i høy oppløsning modus, samle inn data med aksial høyoppløselig men lateral oppløsningen er lavere (3,5 µm og 6 µm, henholdsvis). Videre er nivået fokus og metning i SLO svært avhengig av parameteren valg og riktig justering av øyet. I tillegg bruker enheter designet for menneskelige pasienter i mus er utfordrende på grunn av høyere totale optisk makt av musen øyet forhold til det menneskelige øyet; Dette kan føre til lateral forstørrelse unøyaktigheter7, hvilke er også avhengig av forstørrelsen av musen linsen blant andre. Men til tross for at aksial skanningen posisjon er avhengig av lateral forstørrelse, aksial SD-oktober målingene er nøyaktig8.

Ved hjelp av protokollen som presenteres her, SD-oktober skanner og SLO bildene ble oppnådd fra Cx3cr1gfp/gfp mus i samme tenkelig økt. Figur 3 inkluderer representant SD-oktober enkelt skanner med en 30 ° eller en 55 ° linse (figur 3A) og representative SLO bilder hentet med en 55 ° eller en 102 ° linse, der gfp positive microglia celler er visualisert. Høyere Reflektivitet av akkord er observert i SD...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vivo Imaging of Cx3cr1gfp/gfp Reporter Mice with Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy at JoVE.com

In Vivo Imaging of Cx3cr1gfp/gfp Reporter Mice with Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy

Denne protokollen beskriver hvordan høyoppløselig Bildeteknikker som spectral domene optical coherence tomografi og skanning laser ophthalmoscopy kan benyttes i små gnagere, bruker en ophthalmica tenkelig plattform system, for å få informasjon på netthinnen tykkelse og microglial celle distribusjon, henholdsvis.

I Vivo Imaging for Cx3cr1gfp/gfp Reporter mus Spectral domener Optical Coherence tomografi og skanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) are extensively used in experimental ophthalmology. In the ...

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Medicine

In Vivo Imaging of Cx3cr1gfp/gfp Reporter Mice with Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy

Oral Biofilm Analysis of Palatal Expanders by Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) of natural heterogeneous biofilm is today facilitated by a comprehensive range of staining techniques, one of ...

Intracranial Implantation with Subsequent 3D In Vivo Bioluminescent Imaging of Murine Gliomas

Intracranial Implantation with Subsequent 3D In Vivo Bioluminescent Imaging of Murine Gliomas

Intrakraniell Implantasjon med påfølgende 3D In Vivo Bioluminescent Imaging of murine Hjernesvulst

The mouse glioma 261 (GL261) is recognized as an in vivo model system that recapitulates many of the features of human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The ...

Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation

Doppler optisk koherens tomografi av Retinal Circulation

Noncontact retinal blood flow measurements are performed with a Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) system using a circumpapillary double ...

Segmentation and Measurement of Fat Volumes in Murine Obesity Models Using X-ray Computed Tomography

Segmentering og Måling av fett Volumene i murine Fedme modeller med X-ray Datatomografiscanning

Obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality as well as reduced metrics in quality of life.1 Both environmental and genetic factors are ...

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Generasjon og 3-dimensjonal Kvantifisering av arteriell lesjoner i Mus Bruke optisk projeksjon tomografi

The generation and analysis of vascular lesions in appropriate animal models is a cornerstone of research into cardiovascular disease, generating ...

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I Vivo Optisk Imaging av hjernesvulster og leddgikt Bruke Fluorescent SapC-DOPS Nanovesicles

We describe a multi-angle rotational optical imaging (MAROI) system for in vivo monitoring of physiopathological processes labeled with a fluorescent ...

Non-invasive Imaging and Analysis of Cerebral Ischemia in Living Rats Using Positron Emission Tomography with 18F-FDG

Non-invasive Imaging and Analysis of Cerebral Ischemia in Living Rats Using Positron Emission Tomography with 18F-FDG

Non-invasiv Imaging and Analysis of hjerneiskemi levende rotter hjelp Positron Emission Tomography med<sup&gt; 18</sup&gt; F-FDG

Stroke is the third leading cause of death among Americans 65 years of age or older1. The quality of life for patients who suffer from a stroke fails to ...

Combined In vivo Optical and &#181;CT Imaging to Monitor Infection, Inflammation, and Bone Anatomy in an Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Mice

Combined In vivo Optical and Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ÂµCT Imaging to Monitor Infection, Inflammation, and Bone Anatomy in an Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Mice

Kombinert<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Optisk og μCT Imaging å overvåke infeksjoner, betennelser, og Bone Anatomy i en Ortopedisk Implant Infeksjon i Mus

Multimodality imaging has emerged as a common technological approach used in both preclinical and clinical research. Advanced techniques that combine in ...

Assessment of Viability of Human Fat Injection into Nude Mice with Micro-Computed Tomography

Vurdering av Livskraftig of Human Fat Injeksjon i Nude Mus med Micro-Datatomografiscanning

Lipotransfer is a vital tool in the surgeon&#8217;s armamentarium for the treatment of soft tissue deficits of throughout the body. Fat is the ideal soft ...

Validation of Nanobody and Antibody Based In Vivo Tumor Xenograft NIRF-imaging Experiments in Mice Using Ex Vivo Flow Cytometry and Microscopy

Validation of Nanobody and Antibody Based In Vivo Tumor Xenograft NIRF-imaging Experiments in Mice Using Ex Vivo Flow Cytometry and Microscopy

Validering av Nanobody og antistoff Based<em&gt; I Vivo</em&gt; Tumor Xenotransplantat NIRF-bildebehandling Eksperimenter i Mus Bruke<em&gt; Ex Vivo</em&gt; Flowcytometrisystemer og Mikros

This protocol outlines the steps required to perform ex vivo validation of in vivo near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) xenograft imaging experiments in mice ...