Name: application of granger causality analysis of the directed functional connection in alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment
Uploaded: 2017-08-07T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment at JoVE.com

Forfatterne takke Gongjun JI for computer softwaresupport. Denne forskning blev delvist støttet af den National Natural Science Foundation of China (nr. 81201156, 81271517); de Zhejiang provinsens Natural Science Foundation of China (nr. LY16H180007, LY13H180016, 2013C33G1360236), og Science Foundation fra sundhedsforhold i Zhejiang provinsen (nr. 2013RCA001, 201522257).

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Provincial People&#39;s Hospital. Every enrolled subject signed a written informed consent.
1. Sample Classification and Screening
<ol>
	<li>Diagnose and divide 116 patients into AD and MCI groups. 
	NOTE: Use the 2011 National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer&#39;s Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) diagnostic criteria and the Mini-Mental State Examination...

<ol>
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Denne rapport præsenterer en proces for at sammenligne den styret funktionelle forbindelse fra PCC til hele hjernen og fra hele hjernen til PCC mellem AD, MCI og kontrolgrupper. Desuden, et vigtigt skridt i denne proces er klassificering og screening af prøven før forsøget. Således er klassificering og screening kriterier afgørende for nøjagtigheden af resultaterne kan blive påvirket, hvis de er fejlagtige. Som anført i protokollen, brugte vi 2011 NINCDS-ADRDA diagnostiske kriterier og MMSE og kriterierne for id...

Annonce er en degenerativ sygdom i centralnervesystemet, der kan diagnosticeres ved hjælp af histopatologi, Elektrofysiologi og neuroimaging1. Den hukommelsesrelaterede DMN er et afgørende system med interagerende hjernen regionerne tilknyttet AD, og dens unormal funktion er karakteristisk for annonce2,3. Udvalget er en vigtig region for traditionelle standardnetværk i hvilende tilstand og spiller afgørende roller i episodisk hukommelse, rumlige opmærksomhed, selvevaluering og andre kognitive funktioner4,5,6,7. Derudover kan det være en billeddannelse markør for overvågning AD progression. Bruger GCA, fandt Liao et al. , at PCC er en region af flere cytoarchitectonics med flere forbindelser og spiller en vigtig rolle i funktionel hjerne struktur8. Zhong et al. rapporterede, at udvalget var et konvergens center, som modtog interaktioner af de fleste af de andre regioner inden for DMN3. Desuden demonstreret Miao et al. , at PCC i regionerne DMN hub har den største kausal effekt forhold med andre noder9. Alt dette tyder på at styret tilslutning af til PCC er værdifulde i AD forskning og PCC skal være yderligere studeret sammen, dybdegående som et afgørende område af DMN.
De tidligere undersøgelser var begrænset til forbindelsen mellem udvalget og andre regioner inden for DMN; men ændringer i styret funktionel forbindelse mellem PCC og hjernen regionerne uden for DMN samt deres indflydelse på annonce endnu ikke er udforsket10. Vores undersøgelse undersøgt yderligere dette uudforskede funktionelle connectivity i normale raske kontrolpersoner, patienter med MCI og patienter med annonce. Ved at observere den rettet forbindelse mellem PCC og hele hjerneregioner, vi havde til formål at belyse de funktionelle ændringer i hjernen relateret til annonce progression, og dermed etablere en roman objektivt grundlag for at vurdere sværhedsgraden af sygdommen.
Funktionelle connectivity refererer til et tværregionalt samspil, der kan være repræsenteret af synkron lavfrekvente svingninger (LFFs) i den cerebrale blod ilt niveau afhængige (fed) fMRI signal. Derfor, for at observere den funktionelle forbindelse mellem udvalget og andre områder af hjernen, analyserede vi den funktionelle forbindelse mellem udvalget og hele hjernen netværk af fMRI med GCA, med PCC som Region af interesse (ROI). Denne teknik stammer direkte de grundlæggende forhold for hver node ved hjælp af data fra neuroimaging11. For nylig, GCA har været anvendt til elektroencefalografi (EEG) og fMRI undersøgelser for at afsløre de kausale effekter blandt hjernen regioner12. Alle disse undersøgelser viste, at GCA teknik kan være optimale til påvisning af årsagssammenhæng for hver node i hjernen.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="909">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="120">
			<td height="120" style="height:120px;width:192px;">116 patients</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Zhejiang Provincial People&#8217;s hospital</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:341px;">This study was approved by the ethics committee of Zhejiang Provincial People&#8217;s hospital. Every enrolled subject signed a written informed consent form.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="153">
			<td height="153" style="height:153px;width:192px;">Siemens Trio 3.0 T MRI scanner</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Siemens, Erlangen, Germany</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">20571</td>
			<td style="width:341px;">Equipped with AudioComfort that reduces acoustic noise up to 90%; Provides high performance at a low noise level; Ultra light-weight coil; Unique MRI sequence design; Supports up to 400 pounds without restrictions.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="201">
			<td height="201" style="height:201px;width:192px;">RESTplus</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">20160122</td>
			<td style="width:341px;">RESTplus evolved from REST (Resting-State fMRI Data Analysis Toolkit), a convenient toolkit to calculate Functional Connectivity (FC), Regional Homogeneity(ReHo), Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation (ALFF), Fractional ALFF (fALFF), Gragner causality, degree centrality, voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) and perform statistical analysis.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="220">
			<td height="220" style="height:220px;width:192px;">DPARSF</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">130615</td>
			<td style="width:341px;">Data Processing Assistant for Resting-State fMRI (DPARSF) is a convenient plug-in software within DPABI, which is based on SPM. You just need to arrange your DICOM files, and click a few buttons to set parameters, DPARSF will then give all the preprocessed data, functional connectivity, ReHo, ALFF/fALFF, degree centrality, voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) results.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="111">
			<td height="111" style="height:111px;width:192px;">SPSS</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA</td>
			<td style="width:207px;">-</td>
			<td style="width:341px;">SPSS offers detailed analysis options to look deeper into your data and spot trends that you might not have noticed.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

application of granger causality analysis of the directed functional connection in alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment

Nedsat funktionel connectivity i standard Mode netværk (DMN) kan være involveret i udviklingen af Alzheimers sygdom (AD). Den bageste Cingulate Cortex (PCC) er potentielle imaging markør for overvågning progression af annonce. Tidligere undersøgelser fokusere ikke på den funktionelle forbindelse mellem PCC og noder i områder uden for DMN, men vores undersøgelse er et forsøg på at udforske disse overset funktionelle forbindelser. For at indsamle data, brugte vi funktionel magnetisk resonans Imaging (fMRI) og Granger kausalitet analyse (GCA). fMRI indeholder en ikke-invasiv metode til at studere det dynamiske samspil mellem de forskellige hjerneregioner. GCA er en statistiske hypotese test for at afgøre om engangs serie er nyttige i forudsige en anden. I enkle vendinger, er det dømt ved at sammenligne "Kendt alle oplysninger på i sidste øjeblik, distribution af sandsynligheden for X i denne tid" og "Kendt alle oplysninger på i sidste øjeblik undtagen Y, distribution af sandsynligheden for X i denne tid", til at afgøre, om der er en kausal sammenhæng mellem Y og X. Denne definition er baseret på fuldstændig informationskilde og stationære kronologisk rækkefølge. Det vigtigste skridt i denne analyse er at bruge X og Y at fastlægge regressionsligningen og tegner en årsagssammenhæng ved en hypotetisk test. Da GCA kan måle kausale effekter, brugte vi det til at undersøge anisotropy af den funktionelle connectivity og udforske hub funktion af det parlamentariske samarbejdsudvalg. Her, vi screenet 116 deltagere til MR scanning, og efter forbehandling oplysninger indhentet fra neuroimaging, vi brugte GCA for at udlede årsagssammenhæng for hver node. Endelig konkluderede vi, at styret forbindelsen er signifikant forskellig mellem Mild Cognitive Værdiforringelse (MCI) og AD grupper, både fra PCC til hele hjernen og hele hjernen til det parlamentariske samarbejdsudvalg.

Demographic information
Table 1 presents the characteristics of the subjects. All the subjects had an education level of junior school or above. Age, gender, and education level were similar between the three groups (P &#62;0.05), while the MMSE scores were significantly different (p &#60;0.01).
Directed brain functional connectivity
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Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment at JoVE.com

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Anvendelsen af Granger kausalitet analyse af styret funktionelle forbindelsen i Alzheimers sygdom og Mild kognitiv svækkelse

Baseret på hvilende tilstand funktionel magnetisk resonans med Granger kausalitet analyse, undersøgte vi ændringerne i styret funktionelle forbindelsen mellem den bageste cingulate cortex og hele hjernen på patienter med Alzheimers sygdom (AD), patienter med Mild kognitiv svækkelse (MCI) og raske kontrolpersoner.

Impaired functional connectivity in the Default Mode Network (DMN) may be involved in the progression of Alzheimer&#39;s Disease (AD). The Posterior ...

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