Name: live-imaging of breast epithelial cell migration after the transient depletion of tip60
Uploaded: 2017-12-07T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Live-imaging of Breast Epithelial Cell Migration After the Transient Depletion of TIP60 at JoVE.com

我们感谢贾实验室的成员的有益的讨论和评论。s.j 得到了新加坡国家研究基金会和新加坡教育部在其卓越研究中心倡议下向新加坡癌症科学研究所 (R-713-006-014-271) 提供的赠款, 国家医学研究理事会 ( CBRG - ;BNIG11nov001 和 CS-表意文字;R-713-000-162-511), 教育部学术研究基金 (教育部 AcRF 级 1 T1-2012 10月04日)。Y.Z.、分析和 C.Y.T. 都得到新加坡国立大学新加坡癌症科学研究所颁发的研究生奖学金的支持。

1. 准备
<ol><li>准备 MCF10A 培养基: Dulbecco 氏改良鹰培养基 (DMEM)/F12 (1:1) 与5% 马血清, 20 ng/毫升上皮生长因子, 0.5 毫克/毫升的可的松, 100 ng/毫升霍乱毒素, 和10µg/毫升胰岛素。</li>
	<li>制备无血清培养基: DMEM/F12 (1:1), 20 ng/毫升上皮生长因子, 0.5 毫克/毫升可的松, 100 ng/毫升霍乱毒素, 和10µg/毫升胰岛素。</li>
	<li>使用以下 siRNA 序列: siControl: 转发: 5 "-CGUACGCGGAAUACUUCGAdTdT-3" 反向: 5 "-UCGAAGUAUUCCGCGUACGdTdT...

<ol>
	<li>Sun, Y., Jiang, X., Chen, S., Fernandes, N., Price, B. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+role+for+the+Tip60+histone+acetyltransferase+in+the+acetylation+and+activation+of+ATM.">A role for the Tip60 histone acetyltransferase in the acetylation and activation of ATM.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 102 (37), 13182-13187 (2005).</li><li>Sykes, S. M., Stanek, T. J., Frank, A., Murphy, M. E., McMahon, S. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acetylation+of+the+DNA+binding+domain+regulates+transcription-independent+apoptosis+by+p53.">Acetylation of the DNA binding domain regulates transcription-independent apoptosis by p53.</a> J Biol Chem. 284 (30), 20197-20205 (2009).</li><li>Jha, S., Shibata, E., Dutta, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+Rvb1/Tip49+is+required+for+the+histone+acetyltransferase+activity+of+Tip60/NuA4+and+for+the+downregulation+of+phosphorylation+on+H2AX+after+DNA+damage.">Human Rvb1/Tip49 is required for the histone acetyltransferase activity of Tip60/NuA4 and for the downregulation of phosphorylation on H2AX after DNA damage.</a> Mol Cell Biol. 28 (8), 2690-2700 (2008).</li><li>Sapountzi, V., Logan, I. R., Robson, C. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cellular+functions+of+TIP60.">Cellular functions of TIP60.</a> Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 38 (9), 1496-1509 (2006).</li><li>Squatrito, M., Gorrini, C., Amati, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tip60+in+DNA+damage+response+and+growth+control:+many+tricks+in+one+HAT.">Tip60 in DNA damage response and growth control: many tricks in one HAT.</a> Trends Cell Biol. 16 (9), 433-442 (2006).</li><li>Sun, Y., Xu, Y., Roy, K., Price, B. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=DNA+damage-induced+acetylation+of+lysine+3016+of+ATM+activates+ATM+kinase+activity.">DNA damage-induced acetylation of lysine 3016 of ATM activates ATM kinase activity.</a> Mol Cell Biol. 27 (24), 8502-8509 (2007).</li><li>Sykes, S. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Acetylation+of+the+p53+DNA-binding+domain+regulates+apoptosis+induction.">Acetylation of the p53 DNA-binding domain regulates apoptosis induction.</a> Mol Cell. 24 (6), 841-851 (2006).</li><li>Tang, Y., Luo, J., Zhang, W., Gu, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tip60-dependent+acetylation+of+p53+modulates+the+decision+between+cell-cycle+arrest+and+apoptosis.">Tip60-dependent acetylation of p53 modulates the decision between cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis.</a> Mol Cell. 24 (6), 827-839 (2006).</li><li>Chen, G., Cheng, Y., Tang, Y., Martinka, M., Li, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Role+of+Tip60+in+human+melanoma+cell+migration,+metastasis,+and+patient+survival.">Role of Tip60 in human melanoma cell migration, metastasis, and patient survival.</a> J Invest Dermatol. 132 (11), 2632-2641 (2012).</li><li>Gorrini, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tip60+is+a+haplo-insufficient+tumour+suppressor+required+for+an+oncogene-induced+DNA+damage+response.">Tip60 is a haplo-insufficient tumour suppressor required for an oncogene-induced DNA damage response.</a> Nature. 448 (7157), 1063-1067 (2007).</li><li>Jha, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Destabilization+of+TIP60+by+human+papillomavirus+E6+results+in+attenuation+of+TIP60-dependent+transcriptional+regulation+and+apoptotic+pathway.">Destabilization of TIP60 by human papillomavirus E6 results in attenuation of TIP60-dependent transcriptional regulation and apoptotic pathway.</a> Mol Cell. 38 (5), 700-711 (2010).</li><li>Kim, J. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transcriptional+regulation+of+a+metastasis+suppressor+gene+by+Tip60+and+beta-catenin+complexes.">Transcriptional regulation of a metastasis suppressor gene by Tip60 and beta-catenin complexes.</a> Nature. 434 (7035), 921-926 (2005).</li><li>Sakuraba, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Down-regulation+of+Tip60+gene+as+a+potential+marker+for+the+malignancy+of+colorectal+cancer.">Down-regulation of Tip60 gene as a potential marker for the malignancy of colorectal cancer.</a> Anticancer Res. 29 (10), 3953-3955 (2009).</li><li>Subbaiah, V. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=E3+ligase+EDD1/UBR5+is+utilized+by+the+HPV+E6+oncogene+to+destabilize+tumor+suppressor+TIP60.">E3 ligase EDD1/UBR5 is utilized by the HPV E6 oncogene to destabilize tumor suppressor TIP60.</a> Oncogene. , (2015).</li><li>Friedl, P., Wolf, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tumour-cell+invasion+and+migration:+diversity+and+escape+mechanisms.">Tumour-cell invasion and migration: diversity and escape mechanisms.</a> Nat Rev Cancer. 3 (5), 362-374 (2003).</li><li>Nguyen, D. X., Bos, P. D., Massague, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Metastasis:+from+dissemination+to+organ-specific+colonization.">Metastasis: from dissemination to organ-specific colonization.</a> Nat Rev Cancer. 9 (4), 274-284 (2009).</li><li>Zijl, F., Krupitza, G., Mikulits, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Initial+steps+of+metastasis:+cell+invasion+and+endothelial+transmigration.">Initial steps of metastasis: cell invasion and endothelial transmigration.</a> Mutat Res. 728 (1-2), 23-34 (2011).</li><li>Lamouille, S., Xu, J., Derynck, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+mechanisms+of+epithelial-mesenchymal+transition.">Molecular mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.</a> Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 15 (3), 178-196 (2014).</li><li>Liang, C. C., Park, A. Y., Guan, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vitro+scratch+assay:+a+convenient+and+inexpensive+method+for+analysis+of+cell+migration+in+vitro.">In vitro scratch assay: a convenient and inexpensive method for analysis of cell migration in vitro.</a> Nat Protoc. 2 (2), 329-333 (2007).</li><li>Zhang, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=TIP60+inhibits+metastasis+by+ablating+DNMT1-SNAIL2-driven+epithelial-mesenchymal+transition+program.">TIP60 inhibits metastasis by ablating DNMT1-SNAIL2-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition program.</a> J Mol Cell Biol. , (2016).</li><li>Riahi, R., Yang, Y., Zhang, D. D., Wong, P. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Advances+in+wound-healing+assays+for+probing+collective+cell+migration.">Advances in wound-healing assays for probing collective cell migration.</a> J Lab Autom. 17 (1), 59-65 (2012).</li><li>Jonkman, J. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+introduction+to+the+wound+healing+assay+using+live-cell+microscopy.">An introduction to the wound healing assay using live-cell microscopy.</a> Cell Adh Migr. 8 (5), 440-451 (2014).</li></ol>

众所周知, 在细胞迁移的过程中, 细胞可以以附着板的形式移动;松散簇;或单个独立的单元格。细胞侵袭的模式和动力可以从一个条件变化到另一个, 而表型在数小时内就会改变。传统的伤口愈合试验是基于从显微镜拍摄的长时间间隔, 如12或24小时的快照照片。这使得难以捕捉伤口闭合的动态和细胞运动的模式。
另一方面, 活细胞成像系统监测细胞迁移在一个更短的时间间隔 (30...

HIV-达互动蛋白 60 kDa (TIP60) 是一种赖氨酸乙酰, 可以乙酰组蛋白和非组蛋白蛋白质1,2。它的功能被发现具有多重信号通路的含义, 包括转录, DNA 损伤修复, 和凋亡 1,3,4,5,67,8. 此外, TIP60 常 downregulated 于癌症, 其下调与癌症转移和生存率差有关9、10、11、12, 13,14。肿瘤转移是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。它是一个多步过程, 转移的初始步骤涉及肿瘤细胞向相邻组织的迁移和侵袭15,16。为了做到这一点, 肿瘤细胞首先必须脱离原发肿瘤肿块, 要么以集体侵入细胞表的形式, 要么作为分离的单个细胞17。在这个过程中, 肿瘤细胞经常发生上皮间转移 (急诊), 导致形态学和细胞黏附能力的变化17,18。
对肿瘤细胞的迁移和侵袭能力进行了研究, 并对其进行了体外培养。其中, 伤口愈合试验是最有效和经济的19。首先, 这种方法涉及在细胞的汇合单层上创建人工间隙, 从而允许细胞迁移和闭合间隙。第二, 在实验开始和结束时可以捕捉到间隙的图像。最后, 通过比较间隙闭合来确定细胞迁移率。相衬显微镜通常用于捕捉图像的传统伤口愈合的化验。伤口愈合试验的另一个优点是它部分类似于体内肿瘤细胞的迁移。与体内肿瘤转移相似, 伤口愈合过程中的细胞迁移表现为上皮片的集体迁移和分离单细胞的迁移。
然而, 细胞迁移是已知的动态的, 并且有需要记录细胞的移动在实时。例如, 一个传统的伤口愈合试验不允许研究员分析单细胞运动。另一方面, 培养伤口愈合的细胞通常是缺乏血清的, 以抑制细胞增殖。这样做是为了排除因细胞增殖而导致间隙闭合的可能性。尽管如此, 还是会有一些增殖和细胞死亡, 并且在实验前后所拍摄的相衬图像无法区分它们。
活细胞成像技术解决了这一局限性的常规伤口愈合的化验。使用实时成像显微镜结合 CO2孵化器和适当的温度控制, 研究人员可以测量间隙大小及其在一段时间内的闭合速率, 同时跟踪位于侵入前线因此, 实施活细胞成像监测细胞迁移不仅将提供更好的可视化细胞迁移, 但也将允许区分细胞迁移和细胞增殖的可能性, 从而提供了一个更细胞迁移的可靠分析。
在这项研究中, MCF10A 乳腺上皮细胞被用来证明伤口愈合试验和活细胞成像的结合, 以研究 TIP60 在细胞迁移中的作用。TIP60 的耗竭导致 MCF10A 细胞迁移能力的提高。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="874">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">MCF10A cell</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CRL-10317TM</td>
			<td style="width:257px;">Breast epithelial cell</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">DMEM/F12 media (1:1)</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">11330-032</td>
			<td>MCF10A culture media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">Epithelial growth factor (EGF)</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Peprotech</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">AF-100-15</td>
			<td>Supplements for MCF10A culture media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">Cholera Toxin</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">C-8052</td>
			<td>Supplements for MCF10A culture media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">Hydrocortisone</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">H-0888</td>
			<td>Supplements for MCF10A culture media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">Insulin</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">I-1882</td>
			<td>Supplements for MCF10A culture media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">House serum</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">16050-122</td>
			<td>Supplements for MCF10A culture media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">Trypsin</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">25200-056</td>
			<td>For MCF10A detach from plate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">Hemacytometer</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">267110</td>
			<td>For counting cell</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">Opti-MEM reduced serum media</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">31985-070</td>
			<td>For siRNA mixture</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">Lipofectamine RNAiMAX</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Invitrogen/Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">56532</td>
			<td>Transfect reagent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">Trizol reagent</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Invitrogen/Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">15596-026</td>
			<td>For mRNA extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">iScript cDNA Synthesis Kit</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Bio-Rad</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">170-8891</td>
			<td>For cDNA generation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">iTaq Universal SYBR Green Supermix</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Bio-Rad</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">172-5125</td>
			<td>For real time qPCR</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">7500 Fast Real Time PCR system</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Biosystems</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Real time qPCR mechine</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">10-cm dish</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Greiner bio-one</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">664160</td>
			<td>For Knockdown experiment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">24-well plate</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Cellstar</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">662160</td>
			<td>For wound healing assay</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">siControl siRNA</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Self designed</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Self designed</td>
			<td>CGUACGCGGAAUACUUCGAdTdT</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">siTIP60 siRNA</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Self designed</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Self designed</td>
			<td>UGAUCGAGUUCAGCUAUGAdTdT</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:287px;">Live cell observer</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">Zeiss</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td>Zeiss inverted Cell Observer for live cell experiments</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

live-imaging of breast epithelial cell migration after the transient depletion of tip60

伤口愈合试验是有效的, 也是研究细胞迁移的最经济的方法之一体外。传统上, 图像是在实验开始和结束时使用相衬显微镜, 并通过闭合伤口来评估细胞的迁移能力。然而, 细胞运动是一种动态现象, 传统的方法不允许追踪单细胞运动。为了改善目前的伤口愈合检测方法, 我们使用活细胞成像技术实时监测细胞迁移。这种方法使我们能够确定细胞迁移率的基础上的细胞跟踪系统, 并提供了更明确的区分细胞迁移和细胞增殖。在这里, 我们演示了使用活细胞成像在伤口愈合的检测, 以研究不同的迁移能力的影响乳腺上皮细胞 TIP60 的存在。由于细胞运动是高度动态的, 我们的方法提供了更多的洞察力愈合的过程, 而不是一个伤口闭合拍摄的传统成像技术用于伤口愈合化验。

基于活细胞成像的细胞迁移试验的一般图式 图 1A是此协议的架构。MCF10A 细胞转染 siControl 显示典型的上皮形态学。在 TIP60 耗尽后, MCF10A 细胞与对照细胞相比更具间质性 (图 1B)。
TIP60 击倒效率的检验 图 2显示了 TIP60 击倒效率。siTI...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Live-imaging of Breast Epithelial Cell Migration After the Transient Depletion of TIP60 at JoVE.com

Live-imaging of Breast Epithelial Cell Migration After the Transient Depletion of TIP60

TIP60 短暂耗竭后乳腺上皮细胞迁移的活体影像学研究

在这里, 我们提出了实时监测细胞迁移在伤口愈合试验中使用 TIP60-depleted MCF10A 乳腺上皮细胞。在我们的协议中实现了活细胞成像技术, 使我们能够实时和跨时间地分析和可视化单细胞运动。

The wound-healing assay is efficient and one of the most economical ways to study cell migration in vitro. Conventionally, images are taken at the ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Cancer Research

Utilizing Functional Genomics Screening to Identify Potentially Novel Drug Targets in Cancer Cell Spheroid Cultures

利用功能基因组筛选识别在肿瘤细胞球体培养潜在的新药物靶标

The identification of functional driver events in cancer is central to furthering our understanding of cancer biology and indispensable for the discovery ...

科研

癌症研究

A Portal Vein Injection Model to Study Liver Metastasis of Breast Cancer

门静脉注射模型来研究肝转移乳腺癌

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Liver metastasis is involved in upwards of 30% of cases with breast ...

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema

乳腺癌相关的淋巴水肿的超声评价

Lymphedema is one of the most common complications after breast cancer surgery. There are many diagnostic tools for lymphedema, but no standard method yet ...

Live Imaging to Study Microtubule Dynamic Instability in Taxane-resistant Breast Cancers

实时成像来研究抗紫杉烷乳腺癌微管动态失稳

Taxanes such as docetaxel belong to a group of microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) that are commonly relied upon to treat cancer. However, taxane ...

Invasive Behavior of Human Breast Cancer Cells in Embryonic Zebrafish

在斑马鱼胚胎人乳腺癌细胞的侵袭行为

In many cases, cancer patients do not die of a primary tumor, but rather because of metastasis. Although numerous rodent models are available for studying ...

Using the Dot Assay to Analyze Migration of Cell Sheets

用点法分析细胞板的迁移

Although complex organisms appear static, their tissues are under a continuous turnover. As cells age, die, and are replaced by new cells, cells move ...

Live-Cell Imaging Assays to Study Glioblastoma Brain Tumor Stem Cell Migration and Invasion

活体细胞成像技术研究胶质瘤脑干细胞的迁移和侵袭

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor that is poorly controlled with the currently available treatment options. Key features of GBMs include ...

Flow Cytometric Detection of Newly-formed Breast Cancer Stem Cell-like Cells After Apoptosis Reversal

细胞凋亡逆转后新形成乳腺癌干细胞样细胞的流式细胞仪检测

Cancer recurrence has long been studied by oncologists while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Recently, we and others found that a phenomenon ...

Differentiation of Mouse Breast Epithelial HC11 and EpH4 Cells

小鼠乳腺皮下HC11和EpH4细胞的分化

Cadherins play an important role in the regulation of cell differentiation as well as neoplasia. Here we describe the origins and methods of the induction ...

Evaluating the Differentiation Capacity of Mouse Prostate Epithelial Cells Using Organoid Culture

利用有机体培养评价小鼠前列腺皮细胞的分化能力

The prostate epithelium is comprised predominantly of basal and luminal cells. In vivo lineage tracing has been utilized to define the differentiation ...