Name: dendrimer-based uneven nanopatterns to locally control surface adhesiveness: a method to direct chondrogenic differentiation
Uploaded: 2018-01-20T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Dendrimer-based Uneven Nanopatterns to Locally Control Surface Adhesiveness: A Method to Direct Chondrogenic Differentiation at JoVE.com

De auteurs erkennen Oriol Font-Bach en Albert G. Castaño voor hun hulp in dmin kwantificering. Zij erkennen ook de geavanceerde digitale microscopie Unit van het Institute for Research in biogeneeskunde (IRB Barcelona) om te laten de auteurs de video opnemen in hun bedrijfsruimten ter beschikking. Dit werk werd gesteund door de Networking biomedische Research Center (CIBER), Spanje. CIBER is dat een initiatief in het gefinancierd door de VI nationale o & o & i Plan 2008-2011, Iniciativa Ingenio 2010, Consolider programma, CIBER acties, en het Instituto de Salud Carlos III, met de steun van het Europees Fonds voor regionale ontwikkeling. Dit werk werd ondersteund door de Commissie van universiteiten en onderzoek van het departement voor innovatie, universiteiten en ondernemingen van de Generalitat de Catalunya (2014 SGR 1442). Het werd ook gefinancierd door de projecten OLIGOCODES (nr. MAT2012-38573-C02) en CTQ2013-41339-P, uitgereikt door het Spaanse ministerie van economie en concurrentievermogen, daarnaast aan INTERREG V-A Spanje-Portugal 2014-2020 POCTEP (0245_IBEROS_1_E). C.R.P. erkent dat financiële steun van het Spaanse ministerie van economische zaken en concurrentievermogen subsidie (nr. IFI15/00151).

1. substraat voorbereiding
<ol><li>
Gloeien 1.4 x 1.1 cm Au(111) op Mica substraten.
	<ol>
<li>Plaats het Au(111) substraat op een glas-keramiek kookplaat en het gloeien met een butaan vlam voor 3 min. toestaan het substraat afkoelen onder een atmosfeer van argon. Herhaal deze stap voor elke Au(111) substraat. Opmerking: Er is Au(111) substraten dient onmiddellijk na gloeien.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>
Voorbereiding van Poly (L-Lactic Acid) (PLLA)-gecoate glazen substraten.
	<ol>
<li>K...

<ol>
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Tijdens de ontwikkeling van het beschreven protocol, moet een aantal kritische stappen worden overwogen. De eerste heeft betrekking op de karakterisering van het nanopattern met scanning probe microscopie technieken. Om te visualiseren de nanopatterns, moet het oppervlak waar de patronen is geproduceerd ruwheid waarde lager is dan de gemiddelde diameter van de dendrimeren, dat ongeveer is 4 tot 5 nm gemeten door STM (figuur 1B). Ook, het moet worden rekening gehouden met dat hoge resolutie STM beeldvormi...

Hier beschrijven we een eenvoudig en veelzijdig Dendrimeer gebaseerde nanopatronen procedure voor het verkrijgen van cel cultuur oppervlakken waarmee de controle van lokale hechting op nanoschaal. Nanoschaal details voor ECM organisatie zijn gemeld,3 2,1,en de nanopatronen van cel adhesie oppervlakken heeft diepe inzichten in de cellulaire vereisten met betrekking tot hechting4, 5. Experimenten met behulp van micellaire lithografie gebaseerde nanopatterns bleek een drempelwaarde van ongeveer 70 nm voor RGD peptide nanospacing, cel adhesie aanzienlijk wordt vertraagd boven deze waarde6,7,8 ,9. Deze studies ook gewezen op de grotere invloed van lokale dan globale ligand dichtheid op cel adhesie9,10,11.
Tijdens de morfogenese trigger cel interactie met de omgeving de eerste differentiatie gebeurtenissen, die blijven tot uiteindelijke complex weefsel structuren hebben gevormd. In dit kader zijn nanopatterned oppervlakken gebruikt om aan te pakken van de invloed van de eerste celoppervlak interacties op de voedselproductie. Lithografie gebaseerde RGD nanopatterns met een zijdelingse afstand van 68 nm in β-type Ti-40Nb legeringen bijdragen tot het handhaven van de ongedifferentieerde fenotype van cellen van de stam van de niet-begaan12, terwijl RGD nanospacings van tussen 95 en 150 nm de differentiatie van verbeteren mesenchymale stamcellen (MSCs) richting adipogenic/osteogenic13,14,15 en chondrogenic lot16. Ook is zelfassemblerende macromoleculen bewerkt met signalering componenten gebleken direct cel adhesie en differentiatie doordat nanoschaal architecturale regulering van de signalering signalen17. In dit verband is de afzetting van dendrimeren met cel-interactie wordt in hun buitenste bol18,19,20 op oppervlakken gebruikt voor het bestuderen van de cel adhesie21,22, morfologie23,24, en25,26van de gebeurtenissen van de migratie. Echter maakt het gebrek aan oppervlakte karakterisering in deze studies het moeilijk om vast te stellen van de geen correlatie tussen Dendrimeer oppervlak configuratie en cel-respons.
Dendrimeer nanopatterns met vloeistof-achtige orde en gedefinieerde afstand kan worden verkregen wanneer dendrimeren aan lage geladen oppervlakken van oplossingen met lage Ionische sterkte adsorberen. 27 op basis van deze eigenschap, hier presenteren we een methode voor het verkrijgen van grootschalige ongelijke nanopatterns van RGD-matiemaatschappij dendrimeren op lage geladen oppervlakken die de nanoschaal bedienen van lokale RGD oppervlakte dichtheid toestaan. Water contacthoek (CA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) en scanning probe microscopie technieken (STM en AFM nanopatterns) Toon dat lokale ligand dichtheden wijzigen de eerste Dendrimeer-concentratie in de oplossing kunnen worden aangepast. De lokale RGD oppervlakte dichtheid is gekwantificeerd van AFM beelden door contourkaarten van de waarschijnlijkheid van interparticle minimumafstanden en vervolgens gecorreleerd met cel experimenten. Vergeleken met andere nanopatronen technieken4, Dendrimeer-gebaseerd nanopatronen is eenvoudig en kan gemakkelijk worden opgeschaald naar grote oppervlaktes, is volledig compatibel met cel cultuur toepassingen. Nanopatterns worden gebruikt als bioactieve substraten te evalueren van het effect van de lokale RGD oppervlakte dichtheid op cel adhesie28 en op de chondrogenic-inductie van volwassen menselijke MSCs29. Onze resultaten tonen aan dat RGD Dendrimeer gebaseerde nanopatterns celgroei ondersteunen en dat cel adhesie wordt versterkt door de hoge lokale RGD oppervlakte dichtheden. In de experimenten van de differentiatie begunstigd tussenliggende hechting van de cellen op de verschillende ondergronden MSC condensatie en vroege chondrogenic differentiatie. Vanwege het gemak met welke Dendrimeer perifere groepen kunnen worden gewijzigd, kan de hier beschreven methode worden uitgebreid tot andere ECM-liganden die concentratie-afhankelijke effecten op cellen uitoefenen.

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Gold (111) on mica. 1.4x1.1 cm&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Spi Supplies</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">466PS-AB</td>
			<td style="width:405px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Glass micro slides, plain</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">2947-75x25</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Deionized water</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:307px;"></td>
			<td>18M&#937; cm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Ethanol 96%</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">PanReac</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">131085.1212</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:504px;">L-Lactide/DL-Lactide copolymer</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Corbion</td>
			<td style="width:307px;"></td>
			<td>95/05 molar ratio</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:504px;">1,4 - dioxane</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">296309-1L</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:504px;">Silicone oil, high temperature</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Acros Organics</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">174665000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:504px;">Spinner</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Laurell</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">WS-650MZ-23NPP/Lite</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:504px;">Tissue culture laminar flow hood</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Telstar</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">Bio II Advance</td>
			<td>Class II biological safety cabinet</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Filter unit</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Millex-GP</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">SLGP033RB</td>
			<td>0.22 &#181;m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Syringe 10 mL</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Discardit</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">309110</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Atomic Force microscope</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Veeco Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">Dimension 3000 AFM instrument</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:504px;">Silicon AFM probes</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Budget Sensors</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">Tap300AI-G</td>
			<td>Resonant Freq. 300 kHz, k = 40 N/m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:504px;">Scanning tunneling microscope</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Molecular Imaging</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">PicoSPM microscope</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:504px;">Pt0.8:Ir0.2 wire</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Advent</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">PT671012</td>
			<td>Diameter 0.25 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:504px;">WSxM 4.0 software</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Nanotec electronica</td>
			<td style="width:307px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Optical contact angle (CA) system</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Dataphysics</td>
			<td style="width:307px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">SCA20 software</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Dataphysics</td>
			<td style="width:307px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:504px;">X-ray photoelectron spectrometer</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Physical Electronics</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">Perkin-Elmer PHI 5500 Multitechnique System</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Fibronectin from bovine plasma</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">F1141-1MG</td>
			<td>1.0 mL solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Dulbecco&#39;s Phosphate Buffer Saline (DPBS)</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">21600-10</td>
			<td>Powder</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Mouse embryo fibroblasts</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">ATCC CRL-1658</td>
			<td>NIH/3T3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:504px;">Dulbecco&#39;s modified eagle medium (DMEM) liquid high glucose</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">11960044</td>
			<td>liquid high glucose, no glutamine, 500 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS)</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">16000044</td>
			<td>500 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">L-Glutamine</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">25030</td>
			<td>200 mM (100X)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:504px;">Penicillin-streptomycin</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">15140</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:504px;">Sodium pyruvate</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">11360039</td>
			<td>100 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">T75 culture flasks</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Nunclon</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">156499</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:504px;">Trypsin</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Life Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">25200072</td>
			<td>0,25% EDTA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Hermle Labortechnik</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">Z 206 A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:504px;">Non-tissue culture treated plate, 12 well</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Falcon</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">351143</td>
			<td>Non-adherent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Adipose-derived hMSCs</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">ATCC PCS-500-011</td>
			<td>Cell vial 1 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">MSC basal medium</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">ATCC PCS-500-030</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">MSC growth kit</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">ATCC PCS-500-040</td>
			<td>Low serum</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Chondrocyte differentiation tool</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">ATCC</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">ATCC PCS-500-051</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Formalin solution</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">HT5011-15ML</td>
			<td>neutral buffered, 10%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:504px;">Ammonium chloride</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">A9434-500G</td>
			<td>for molecular biology, suitable for cell culture, &#8805;99.5%</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Saponin</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">47036-50G-F</td>
			<td>for molecular biology, used as non-ionic surfactant, adjuvant</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:504px;">Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">A3059-50G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:504px;">Rabbit monoclonal [Y113] anti-paxillin antibody</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Abcam</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">ab32084</td>
			<td>Diluted 1:200</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Mouse monoclonal [1F5] anti-collagen alpha-1 XX chain&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Acris Antibodies</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">AM00212PU-N</td>
			<td>Diluted: 1:400</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:504px;">Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L) secondary antibody</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">A10667</td>
			<td>2 mg/mL. Diluted 1:1000</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Alexa Fluor 568-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) secondary antibody</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">A11036</td>
			<td>2 mg/mL. Diluted 1:1000</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:504px;">Hoechst 33342</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Thermo Fisher</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">H3570 10ML</td>
			<td>10 mg/mL. Diluted 1:1000</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">Cover glass 24x24 mm</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Deltalab</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">D102424</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:504px;">Fluoromount</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">F4680-25ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:504px;">Epifluorescence Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Nikon</td>
			<td style="width:307px;">Eclipse E1000 upright microscope</td>
			<td>with a CCD camera</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:504px;">Confocal Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">Leica Microsystems</td>
			<td style="width:307px;"></td>
			<td>Leica SPE Upright Confocal Microscope</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">ImageJ 1.50g freeware</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">http://imgej.nih.gov/ij</td>
			<td style="width:307px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">MATLAB software</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">The MATHWORKS, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:307px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:504px;">OriginPro 8.5 software&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:169px;">OriginLab Coorporation</td>
			<td style="width:307px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

dendrimer-based uneven nanopatterns to locally control surface adhesiveness: a method to direct chondrogenic differentiation

Cellulaire aanhechting en differentiatie is geconditioneerd door de nanoschaal dispositie van de componenten van de extracellulaire matrix (ECM), met lokale concentraties hebben een grote invloed. Hier presenteren we een methode voor het verkrijgen van grootschalige ongelijke nanopatterns van arginine-glycine-asparaginezuur (RGD)-matiemaatschappij dendrimeren waarmee de nanoschaal controle van lokale RGD oppervlakte dichtheid. Nanopatterns worden gevormd door de oppervlakte adsorptie van dendrimeren van oplossingen op verschillende eerste concentraties en worden gekenmerkt door water contacthoek (CA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), en scanning probe microscopie technieken zoals Scanning tunneling microscopie (STM) en atomic force microscopie (AFM). De lokale oppervlakte dichtheid van RGD wordt gemeten met behulp van AFM beelden door middel van waarschijnlijkheid contourkaarten van interparticle minimumafstanden en vervolgens gecorreleerd met cel adhesie respons en differentiatie. De methode van de nanopatronen die hier gepresenteerd is een eenvoudige procedure die op een eenvoudige manier om grote oppervlakten kan worden opgeschaald. Het is dus volledig compatibel met de protocollen van de cultuur van de cel en kan worden toegepast op andere liganden die concentratie-afhankelijke effecten op cellen uitoefenen.

Presenteren we een nanopatronen methode waarmee oppervlakte hechting worden aangepakt op nanoschaal (Figuur 1). De chemische structuur van RGD-Cys-D1 is afgebeeld in figuur 1A. Dendrimeren waren patroon op elektrisch geleidende oppervlakken van de Au(111) voor hoge resolutie STM karakterisering. Lage Dendrimeer concentraties in oplossing (maximaal 10-5% w/w) gerenderd geïsoleerde dendrimeren van 4-5 nm in dia...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Dendrimer-based Uneven Nanopatterns to Locally Control Surface Adhesiveness: A Method to Direct Chondrogenic Differentiation at JoVE.com

Dendrimer-based Uneven Nanopatterns to Locally Control Surface Adhesiveness: A Method to Direct Chondrogenic Differentiation

Een werkwijze te halen Dendrimeer gebaseerde ongelijke nanopatterns waarmee de nanoschaal controle van lokale arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) oppervlakte dichtheid is beschreven en toegepast op de studie van celdifferentiatie hechting en chondrogenic.

Dendrimeer gebaseerde ongelijke Nanopatterns naar lokaal controle oppervlak hechting: een methode om directe Chondrogenic differentiatie

Cellular adhesion and differentiation is conditioned by the nanoscale disposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components, with local concentrations ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Measurement of Aggregate Cohesion by Tissue Surface Tensiometry

Meting van Aggregate samenhang door weefseloppervlak Tensiometry

Rigorous measurement of intercellular binding energy can only be made using methods grounded in thermodynamic principles in systems at equilibrium.  We ...

Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

Ontwerp van een Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor voor de Ex Vivo Studie van Aorta hartkleppen

The aortic valve, located between the left ventricle and the aorta, allows for unidirectional blood flow, preventing backflow into the ventricle. Aortic ...

Engineering a Bilayered Hydrogel to Control ASC Differentiation

Het vervaardigen van een dubbellagige Hydrogel om ASC differentiatie Controle

Natural polymers over the years have gained more importance because of their host biocompatibility and ability to interact with cells in vitro and in ...

A Toolkit to Enable Hydrocarbon Conversion in Aqueous Environments

Een toolkit voor de omzetting van koolwaterstoffen inschakelen in waterige milieus

This work puts forward a toolkit that enables the conversion of alkanes by Escherichia coli and presents a proof of principle of its applicability. The ...

A Novel Method for Localizing Reporter Fluorescent Beads Near the Cell Culture Surface for Traction Force Microscopy

Een nieuwe methode voor het lokaliseren van Reporter Fluorescent Beads Dichtbij de celkweek Surface voor Traction Force Microscopy

PA gels have long been used as a platform to study cell traction forces due to ease of fabrication and the ability to tune their elastic properties. When ...

Adapting the Electrospinning Process to Provide Three Unique Environments for a Tri-layered In Vitro Model of the Airway Wall

Adapting the Electrospinning Process to Provide Three Unique Environments for a Tri-layered In Vitro Model of the Airway Wall

Aanpassing van de elektrospinproces te bieden drie unieke omgevingen voor een Tri-layered<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Model van de Airway Muur

Electrospinning is a highly adaptable method producing porous 3D fibrous scaffolds that can be exploited in in vitro cell culture. Alterations to ...

An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Een geautomatiseerde methode voor het uitvoeren van de in-vitro micronucleus assay met behulp van multispectrale beeldvormings stroom Cytometrie

The in vitro micronucleus (MN) assay is often used to evaluate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity but scoring the assay via manual microscopy is laborious and ...

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Experimentele methoden voor het bestuderen van de menselijke postale controle

Many components of the nervous and musculoskeletal systems act in concert to achieve the stable, upright human posture. Controlled experiments accompanied ...

Simultaneous Quantification of Selected Kynurenines Analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Medium Collected from Cancer Cell Cultures

Gelijktijdige kwantificering van geselecteerde kynurenines geanalyseerd door vloeibare chromatografie-massaspectrometrie in medium verzameld uit kankercelculturen

The kynurenine pathway and the tryptophan catabolites called kynurenines have received increased attention for their involvement in immune regulation and ...

Single-Cell Optical Action Potential Measurement in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes

Eencellige optische actiepotentiaalmeting in door de mens geïnduceerde pluripotente van stamcellen afgeleide cardiomyocyten

Conventional intracellular microelectrode techniques to quantify cardiomyocyte electrophysiology are extremely complex, labor intensive, and typically ...