Name: mammalian cell division in 3d matrices via quantitative confocal reflection microscopy
Uploaded: 2017-11-29T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Mammalian Cell Division in 3D Matrices via Quantitative Confocal Reflection Microscopy at JoVE.com

이 작품은 NIH에 의해 지원 되었다 R01CA174388 및 U54CA143868를 부여. 저자는 PURA 수상 웨이 통 첸의 지원에 대 한 존스 홉킨스 대학에서 인정 하 고 싶습니다. 이 자료는 국립 과학 재단 대학원 연구 친교 보조금 번호 1232825 아래에서 지 원하는 작업을 기반으로 합니다.

제공 하는 프로토콜의는 홈 우드 기관 검토 위원회 (HIRB) 지침을 따릅니다.
1. 안정적인 표현의 H2B mCherry 마커로 세포 유사 분열에 대 한
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인간 미 발달 신장 293T에서에서 lentiviral 입자 (HEK 293T)의 세포
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<li>HEK 293T 세포 세포 배양 매체 (Dulbecco의 수정이 글의 중간 (DMEM) 포함 된 높은 포도 당 (4.5 g/L), 나트륨 pyruvate, 10% 태아 둔감 한 혈 청 (FBS), 그리고 1%에에서 ...

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3d에서 세포 분열의 이전 연구 실험 제한 및 기술 과제18,19효율적인 아니었다. 3D 콜라겐 매트릭스에 포유류 세포 분열의 효율적인 연구를 위한 중요 한 단계는: (1) 셀;에 mitotic 마커 형광 표시 관 (2) 세포 분열;의 동기화 (3) 부문 이벤트 라이브 셀 이미징 기법, 시간 해결 confocal 반사 현미경 검사 법, 양적 이미지 분석을 사용 하 여 3D 매트릭스에서의 모니?...

세포 유사 분열의 규제 조직 및 장기 개발에 중요 한 역할 세포 인생에서 중요 한 이벤트입니다. 비정상적인 유사 분열은 자연 유전 변이, 인간의 노화 과정과 암1,2,3,,45의 진행에 연루 됩니다. 정상 세포와 비교 하는 종양 세포의 증식의 증가 속도 사실 셀 동작 종양의 종류 및 환자 중 에서도 상당히 이질적인에 불구 하 고 암의 특징 중 하나입니다. 유망한 임상 결과도 불구 하 고 일부 새로 개발 된 antimitotic 약물 임상 시험6,7,,89,10 에에서 효과가 표시 되지 않은 11. 실험 및 전 임상 모델의 관련성 고려 될 수 있다. 많은 유형의 정상 포유류 및 암 세포 섬유 아 세포와 콜라겐-풍부한 3D 결합 조직, fibrosarcoma 셀과 전이성 암 세포는 3D stromal 세포 외 기질 (ECM)에 같은 3 차원 (3D) 행렬에 나눕니다. 그러나, 포유류 세포 분열 실험 및 분석의 대다수가 2 차원 (2D) 기판에 경작 하는 세포에 수행 되었습니다. 미세, 기계적 특성, 및 두 정상과 pathologic 조직12,,1314, 의 3D ECM의 생 화 확 적인 신호 설계 3D 매트릭스 정리 더 수 15,,1617.
어떻게 포유류의 세포 연구 규제 차원에서 환경 생리 관련성 및 치료 중요성18,19도 불구 하 고 크게 미개척 남아. 가능한 이유는 기술적인 어려움 및 3D 매트릭스에서 세포 분열을 공부와 관련 된 실험 과제 포함 됩니다. 세포의 유사 분열 전체 세포 주기20에 극히 일시적인 구성합니다. 이전 작업을 인간 유 방 선 암 MCF-7, 인간의 다리 U2OS, 그리고 인간의 간 같은 많은 포유류 세포의 확산 속도 보이고 있다 HepG2에 훨씬 낮은 3D 매트릭스 2D 기판21에 그들의 대조 물과 비교 22. 또한, 세포 3D 매트릭스에 포함 된 라이브 셀 이미징 동안 초점 밖으로 이동 합니다. 이러한 모든 요소는 이미징 기술을 사용 하 여 3D 문화에서 세포 분열 이벤트 캡처의 매우 낮은 효율에 기여.
세포와 ECM 사이 상호 작용 세포 분열 조절에 중요 한 역할을 재생 합니다. 여기, 우리는 3D 콜라겐 매트릭스에 포유류 세포 분열을 효율적으로 공부 하는 방법을 설명 합니다. 부문 이벤트 라이브 셀 이미징 기법, 시간 해결 confocal 반사 현미경을 사용 하 여 3D 매트릭스에서의 모니터링 뿐만 아니라 세포, 세포 분열의 동기화 mitotic 마커의 포함 하는 메서드 및 양적 이미징 분석입니다. 형광 표시 된 히스톤 단백질 H2B mitotic 차별화 및 interphase 셀 표식으로 셀에 처음 소개 된다. 다음 셀 티 미 딘 및 nocodazole 처리, 기계적인 동요-오프 기술에 의해 다음의 조합을 사용 하 여 동기화 됩니다. 동기화 된 세포는 직접 3D 콜라겐 매트릭스에 캡슐화 됩니다. 여러 셀의 세포 분열 이벤트 낮은 확대 경과 라이브 셀 이미징에 효율적으로 사용 하 여 모니터링 됩니다. 세포-매트릭스 상호 작용은, 콜라겐 섬유의 변형 고배율에서 반사 confocal 현미경 검사 법을 사용 하 여 모니터링 됩니다.
우리가 감시 하 고 세포-매트릭스 상호 작용 하는 동안과 이후, 이전 두 개의 전이성 암 세포 선, 인간의 침략 적인 ductal 암 MDA-MB-231 및 3D 콜라겐에서 인간의 fibrosarcoma HT1080 세포의 유사 분열을 계량이 기술을 사용한 이전 행렬19. 여기에 제시 된 방법 3D 환경과 세포-매트릭스 상호 작용에서 모두 포유류 세포 분열을 공부 하는 효율적이 고 일반적인 접근을 제공 합니다. MDA-MB-231 셀 라인 종이 걸쳐 예제로 사용 됩니다. 이 프로토콜의 정상 조직과 질병, 개발의 분자 기초에 새로운 통찰력을 제공 하 고 또한 새로운 진단 및 치료 접근의 디자인에 대 한 수 있습니다.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Human embryonic kidney 293T</td>
			<td>ATCC</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MDA-MB-231</td>
			<td>Physical Sciences Oncology Center, NIH</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>10-013-CV</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM powder</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>12100-046</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal bovine serum</td>
			<td>Hyclone</td>
			<td>SH30910.03</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin-Streptomycin 100X</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P0781</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fugene HD</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>E2311</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lipofectamine 2000</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>11668-07</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Plasmid encoding H2B-mCherry in a lentiviral vector</td>
			<td>Addgene</td>
			<td>plasmid 21217</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thymidine</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T1895</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nocodazole</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>M1404</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Opti-MEM</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>31985-070</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium bicarbonate</td>
			<td>GibcoBRL</td>
			<td>11810-025</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HEPES</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>113375-100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Collagen</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>354236</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaOH</td>
			<td>J.T. Bake</td>
			<td>3722-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Millex-HV syringe filter unit, 0.45-&#956;m, PVDF, 33 mm</td>
			<td>Millipore</td>
			<td>SLHVM33RS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nikon TE2000E epifluorescence microscope</td>
			<td>Nikon</td>
			<td>TE2000E</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cascade 1K CCD camera</td>
			<td>Roper Scientific</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NIS-Elements AR imaging software</td>
			<td>Nikon</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nikon A1 confocal microscope</td>
			<td>Nikon</td>
			<td>A1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

mammalian cell division in 3d matrices via quantitative confocal reflection microscopy

어떻게 포유류의 세포 연구 규제는 3d 환경 크게 그것의 생리 적인 관련성 및 치료의 중요성에도 불구 하 고 미개척 남아. 탐험의 부족에 대 한 가능한 이유는 실험 제한 및 비효율적인 3D 문화에서의 세포 연구를 렌더링 하는 기술적 과제 이다. 여기는 포유류 세포 분열 및 세포-매트릭스 상호 작용 3D 콜라겐 매트릭스에 효율적으로 공부 하는 영상 기반 방법에 설명 합니다. 형광 H2B 표시 셀 티 미 딘 및 nocodazole 처리, 기계적인 동요-오프 기술에 의해 다음의 조합을 사용 하 여 동기화 됩니다. 동기화 된 셀 다음 3D 콜라겐 매트릭스에 포함 됩니다. 세포 분열은 라이브 셀 현미경을 사용 하 여 모니터링 됩니다. 변형 콜라겐 섬유의 세포 분열, 세포-매트릭스 상호 작용은, 전후 동안 모니터링할 수 있습니다 그리고 양적 confocal 반사 현미경을 사용 하 여 계량. 포유류 세포 분열 및 세포-매트릭스 순수 관련 3D 환경에서 상호 작용을 공부 하는 효율적이 고 일반적인 접근 방식을 제공 합니다. 이 방법은 정상 조직과 질병 개발의 분자 기초에 새로운 통찰력을 제공 뿐만 아니라 또한 새로운 진단 및 치료 접근의 디자인에 대 한 수 있습니다.

이 문서의 목표 3 차원 행렬에 포유류 세포 분열 과정을 공부 하 고 동안 그리고 세포 분열 후 세포와 3 차원 기질 간의 상호 작용을 계량 하는 영상 기반 방법을 제시 하는입니다. 촉진 하기 위해 세포 유사 분열의 이미징, 우리 통합 H2B mCherry lentiviral 변환을 사용 하 여 MDA-MB-231 셀. 형광 단백질 활용 된 H2B interphase 셀, mitotic 세포를 구별 하 고 세포 유사 분열19</...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Mammalian Cell Division in 3D Matrices via Quantitative Confocal Reflection Microscopy at JoVE.com

Mammalian Cell Division in 3D Matrices via Quantitative Confocal Reflection Microscopy

이 프로토콜은 효율적으로 세포 분열의 동기화를 통합 하 여 3D 콜라겐 매트릭스에 포유류 세포 분열을 연구 부문 이벤트 라이브 셀 이미징 기법, 시간 해결 confocal 반사 현미경을 사용 하 여 3D 매트릭스에서의 모니터링 그리고 양적 이미징 분석입니다.

양적 Confocal 반사 현미경을 통해 3D 매트릭스에 포유류 세포 분열

The study of how mammalian cell division is regulated in a 3D environment remains largely unexplored despite its physiological relevance and therapeutic ...

The overall goal of this procedure is to study mammalian cell division and cell matrix interactions in a physiologically relevant 3D environment. The main advantage of this technique is that it provides an efficient and general approach to study mammalian cell division and cell matrix interactions. This method can help answer key questions in cell biology such as the molecular basis of the development of normal and disease tissue.A day prior to transfection, plate five million HEK-293 T-cells in a 100 milliliter cell culture dish in 10 milliliters of normal cell culture medium. Incubate these cells at 37 degrees Celsius for 24 hours in a humidified incubator with 5%carbon dioxide. The next day just before starting transfections, remove a vial of the transfection reagent from four degrees Celsius and leave it out to reach room temperature.Then to start, add one milliliter of reduced serum medium to a sterile microfuge tube. To this, add specified amounts of lentiviral vector plasmids used for transfection and mix by pipetting. Incubate the tube at room temperature for five minutes.After five minutes, add 48 microliters of the transfection reagent into this tube and mix gently by pipetting. Subsequently, incubate this mixture at room temperature for at least 15 minutes. Once the incubation is complete, remove the plate with HEK-293 T-cells from the incubator.Add the prepared DNA transfection reagent mixture drop wise onto the cells and gently swirl the plate to ensure even distribution in the plate. Place the plate back into the incubator. Approximately six hours after transfection, remove the plate and aspirate the medium.Add 10 milliliters of fresh culture medium and transfer the plate back into the incubator. At multiple time points, 24, 48, and 72 hours post-transfection, harvest the culture medium containing the lentiviral particles in separate tubes. Next, filter the harvested culture medium through a sterile 0.45 micron filter to remove cellular debris.Replace with fresh culture medium following each harvest. The filtrate containing the lentiviral particles can be used for transduction right away or can be stored at minus 80 degrees Celsius. Plate human breast carcinoma cells MDA-MB-231 in a 35 millimeter culture dish in normal culture medium.Incubate these cells at 37 degrees Celsius for 24 hours in a humidified incubator with 5%carbon dioxide. The next day, aspirate the culture medium from the plate and add one milliliter of the lentiviral particles together with one milliliter of fresh culture medium. Incubate the cells in the incubator for about 16 hours.After the incubation with viral particles is complete, remove the plate to aspirate the medium. Then add two milliliters of fresh medium and transfer back to the incubator for 24 to 72 hours. Check the expression of H2B-mCherry in these transduced cells using an epifluorescence microscope.To start the synchronization experiments, first plate MDA-MB-231 cells expressing H2B-mCherry at 50 to 60%confluency in a 24-well plate. Incubate the culture at 37 degrees Celsius and 5%carbon dioxide for 24 hours. The next day, replace the culture medium with 0.5 milliliters of medium containing two millimolar Thymidine.Leave the plate in the incubator for 24 hours. Once the incubation is complete, wash the cells three times with PBS to release them from the Thymidine treatment. Then leave the cells in 0.5 milliliters of normal culture medium for five hours in the incubator.After this, to block these cells in mitosis, add Nocodazole to the culture medium. Leave the cells in the incubator for 12 hours. After the Nocodazole treatment is complete, take out the plate and using an orbital shaker, shake the cells for 45 seconds to one minute to release mitotic cells.Subsequently, transfer the medium containing the extracted mitotic cells into a new centrifuge tube. Then add 0.5 milliliters of fresh medium to each well. After, repeat the shaking and extraction of cells two more times.Pool the total collected medium and then centrifuge it to pellet the mitotic cells. After the spin, resuspend the cell pellet in 0.25 milliliters of fresh cell culture medium. Using a hemocytometer, count the number of cells.At the start of this step, prepare 50 milliliters of 10x DMEM solution and filter sterilize it. Next, determine the volumes of all the components that will be used to make the 3D collagen matrix as specified in the text protocol. Pre-chill all these components on ice to slow down the gelation of collagen.Now, to a pre-chilled 1.5 milliliter centrifuge tube, add the required numbers of cells in medium then 10x DMEM, FBS, deionized water, collagen, and finally sodium hydroxide. Mix carefully using a one milliliter pipette. Once the solution is well mixed, add 500 microliters of the mixture into each well of the 24-well plate.Place the 24-well plate in a 37 degree Celsius incubator. After 30 minutes, take out the plate and add 500 microliters of pre-warmed culture medium on top of the gel. Prior to imaging, turn on the live cell units of the phase contrast and confocal microscopes.To capture dividing cells, place the 24-well plate containing the cells embedded in collagen matrices into the live cell unit of the fluorescence microscope. Using the 10X objective, find the bottom of the plate and then move it up until the microscope focuses at about 500 micrometers from the bottom of the plate. Move the stage around to find cells in different stages of mitosis and select multiple positions for imaging.Set up the timelapse experiment with two-minute intervals. Next, to image the collagen network, configure the confocal microscope to capture only reflected light from the 488 nanometer laser. Then place the plate containing cells in collagen matrices into the live cell unit of this microscope.Find the bottom of the plate and then move the objective lens up until it focuses at about 100 micrometers from the bottom of the plate. Move the stage around to find cells and select multiple positions for imaging. Set up the timelapse experiment with five-minute intervals.Fluorescent images of a dividing H2B-mCherry expressing MDA-MB-231 cell embedded in collagen matrix are shown here. Different phases of mitosis are readily observed as expected. The distribution of collagen fibers in white visualized simultaneously using confocal reflection microscopy changes very little during the course of mitosis.Cell synchronized G2-M phase and embedded in a collagen matrix complete cell division in the first two hours while control asynchronous cells divide randomly. Quantification of the distribution of collagen fibers during interphase and mitotic phases suggest that matrix deformation is minimal during cell division and higher in interphase cells. Once mastered, this technique can be completed in seven days starting from generating the stable cell line to analyzing the video cell division in a 3D matrix.After watching this video, you hopefully have a good understanding of how to synchronize and monitor mammalian cell division in 3D matrices using live cell imaging and how to determine matrix deformation using confocal reflection microscopy and quantitative imaging analysis techniques.

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Cell-Matrix Interactions

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Video-rate Scanning Confocal Microscopy and Microendoscopy

비디오 - 속도 검색 공촛점 현미경과 Microendoscopy

Confocal microscopy has become an invaluable tool in biology and the biomedical sciences, enabling rapid, high-sensitivity, and high-resolution optical ...

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Visualization of Cortex Organization and Dynamics in Microorganisms, using Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

미생물에 접속 조직 및 역학 시각화, 총 내부 반사의 형광 현미경을 사용하여

TIRF microscopy has emerged as  a powerful imaging technology to study spatio-temporal dynamics of fluorescent molecules  in vitro and in living cells1. ...

Nanotopology of Cell Adhesion upon Variable-Angle Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy (VA-TIRFM)

Nanotopology of Cell Adhesion upon Variable-Angle Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy VA-TIRFM

가변 각도 총 내부 반사 형광 현미경 (VA-TIRFM)시 세포 접착의 Nanotopology

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Correlative Microscopy for 3D Structural Analysis of Dynamic Interactions

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Cryo-electron tomography (cryoET) allows 3D visualization of cellular structures at molecular resolution in a close-to-physiological state1. However, ...

Quantitative Optical Microscopy: Measurement of Cellular Biophysical Features with a Standard Optical Microscope

양이 광학 현미경 : 세포 생물 물리학의 측정​​ 표준 광학 현미경과 특징

We describe the use of a standard optical microscope to perform quantitative measurements of mass, volume, and density on cellular specimens through a ...

Quantification of Global Diastolic Function by Kinematic Modeling-based Analysis of Transmitral Flow via the Parametrized Diastolic Filling Formalism

매개 변수화 이완기 충전 형식주의를 통해 Transmitral 흐름의 운동 학적 모델링 기반의 분석에 의하여 세계적인 이완기 기능의 정량화

Quantitative cardiac function assessment remains a challenge for physiologists and clinicians.&#160;Although historically invasive methods have comprised ...

2D and 3D Matrices to Study Linear Invadosome Formation and Activity

선형 Invadosome 형성과 활동을 연구하기위한 2D와 3D 매트릭스

Cell adhesion, migration, and invasion are involved in many physiological and pathological processes. For example, during metastasis formation, tumor ...

An Ultrahigh-throughput Microfluidic Platform for Single-cell Genome Sequencing

단일 셀 게놈 시퀀싱 초고 처리량 미세 플랫폼

Sequencing technologies have undergone a paradigm shift from bulk to single-cell resolution in response to an evolving understanding of the role of ...

Rigid Embedding of Fixed and Stained, Whole, Millimeter-Scale Specimens for Section-free 3D Histology by Micro-Computed Tomography

엄밀한 포함의 고정 및 스테인드, 전체, 마이크로 단층에 의해 섹션-무료 3D 조직학에 대 한 밀리미터 단위 표본

For over a hundred years, the histological study of tissues has been the gold standard for medical diagnosis because histology allows all cell types in ...

Novel Process for 3D Printing Decellularized Matrices

3D 인쇄에 대 한 새로운 과정 Decellularized 행렬

3D bioprinting aims to create custom scaffolds that are biologically active and accommodate the desired size and geometry. A thermoplastic backbone can ...