Name: testing animal anxiety in rats: effects of open arm ledges and closed arm wall transparency in elevated plus maze test
Uploaded: 2018-06-29T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Testing Animal Anxiety in Rats: Effects of Open Arm Ledges and Closed Arm Wall Transparency in Elevated Plus Maze Test at JoVE.com

作者希望感谢昭洋平野先生协助制作定制的设备。作者感谢高桥和宫本新吾先生的技术援助。这项工作得到了有关化学物质风险的研究, 卫生和实验室科学研究赠款, 卫生部, 劳工和福利部, 日本 (H25-KAGAKU-IPPANN-003) 和美国明治理工学院研究项目补助金大学, 日本。

本文所描述的所有实验程序均经明治大学机构动物护理和使用委员会 (IACUC 14-0002 (1)) 批准。在代表的结果中使用的动物如下: 从实验动物公司购买雄性大大鼠, 并在4只动物笼 (W200 x D410 x H250 mm) 的群中, 至少一周前开始行为实验。动物住房室保持在标准环境条件为光 (12:12 光/暗时间表以灯在 10:00 h), 室温 (25.0) 0.5 °c, 湿气 (55 @ 10%) 和透气 (10 次/小时), 并且动物有广告随意获得食物 (东方酵母有限公司, ...

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随着精神疾病患者的数量, 包括焦虑障碍的增加, 发展尖端研究, 以提高对焦虑的基本机制的理解是很重要的。为了达到这个目的, 优化实验程序也很重要。因此, 为提高高加迷宫试验的应用效果, 我们展示了 arm 的特点对实验结果的影响。
高加迷宫最初是为了测试动物的焦虑在啮齿动物4, 但虽然基本结构通常是一致的 (例如, 高500毫米以上的地板上有一?...

患有情绪紊乱的病人, 包括焦虑症和抑郁症的人数正在增加。虽然这些疾病的发展涉及遗传和环境因素, 但详细的致病机制尚未完全了解1。因此, 研究需要着眼于揭示情绪障碍的潜在机制, 以及开发有效药物, 副作用较少。
实验动物的行为测试对于研究大脑更高的功能, 包括情绪是有用的。由于动物行为是高度可变的, 实验结果往往不同的实验室, 即使一个相同的近交菌株被使用2。因此, 研究人员还需要了解他们采用的实验装置的基本特征, 以便在实验室中提供可靠、准确的结果。
高 + 迷宫测试最初建立, 以检查情绪反应性在啮齿目动物3,4。整个仪器通常位于地板上方500毫米, 并由两个开放和两个闭合的武器组成一个加号的形状。观察期间记录了手臂探测的测量 (包括每只手臂的进入时间和频率)、距离以及指定的行为, 如受测动物的伸展姿势。通过这些措施, 动物焦虑被估计为实验结果。
高加迷宫测试在全世界使用, 但并非所有实验室都使用相同的仪器设计5,6, 这些差异可能会影响实验结果。例如, 区别包括在张开双臂上存在或没有壁架, 或使用透明或不透明的墙壁为闭合的武器5,6。为防止动物从仪器7脱落, 并促进在闭合的武器内部的行为观察, 在张开的胳膊和使用透明的墙壁为闭合的胳膊的壁架被开发了, 分别8,9。虽然有一些研究表明, 个体手臂结构的差异如何影响检测动物焦虑的能力1,2,5,10,11, 开放 (无短壁) 和闭合 (透明/不透明墙) 手臂特征对动物行为的联合作用尚未调查。
在最近的一份报告中, 我们讨论了这些组合的手臂设计对焦虑样行为在大鼠12。简言之, 张开臂壁明显增加了大鼠的焦虑样行为, 而透明的手臂也可能降低了这种行为。此外, 我们验证了焦虑药物在无 ledged 张开臂 + 不透明壁闭合臂组合中的检测灵敏度较高, 与 ledged 张开臂 + 透明壁闭合臂相结合。在本报告中, 我们将介绍我们的协议的高加迷宫测试, 以及讨论的关键结果, 从前一份报告。我们相信, 这份报告将为那些已经就业或计划在他们的研究中使用高加迷宫的人提供有用的信息。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="573">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Customized container (W1500 &#215; D1500 &#215; H2000 mm)</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">NA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NA</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Handmade by Mr. Akihiro Hirano</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">LED lighting</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">NA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NA</td>
			<td>Handmade by Mr. Akihiro Hirano</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Elevated plus maze apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">NA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NA</td>
			<td>Handmade by Mr. Akihiro Hirano</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Digital video camera</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Watec</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">WAT-250D2</td>
			<td>Any suitable video camera can be attached to a hard disk recorder for recording tracking profiles.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Hard disk recorder</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">TOSHIBA</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">RD-R200</td>
			<td>Any suitable hard disk recorder can be attached to the digital video camera.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="105">
			<td height="105" style="height:105px;width:216px;">Sprague-Dawley rats</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Charles River Laboratories Japan, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NA</td>
			<td>Any suitable rats can be used for your study</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Standard rat cage</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Toyoriko</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">TP-105</td>
			<td>Any suitable rat cage be used for your study</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Instrument to measure light intensity</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">AS ONE</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1-5818-02</td>
			<td>Any suitable instrument to measure light intensity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">EthoVision XT version 8.0</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Noldus</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NA</td>
			<td>Any suitable software to measure animal behavior</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Diazepam</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Taiyo Pharmaceutical Industry</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1124402A2061</td>
			<td>Any suitable drug can be used for your study</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Tween 80</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Wako Pure Chemical Industries</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">9005-65-6</td>
			<td>Any suitable drug can be used for your study</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

testing animal anxiety in rats: effects of open arm ledges and closed arm wall transparency in elevated plus maze test

高加迷宫试验是评估啮齿动物动物焦虑的行为测试。尽管这种测试在行为科学领域得到广泛应用, 但不同的实验室往往会产生相互矛盾的结果。为了找出不同结果的原因, 我们以前重点讨论了在实验室之间不同的手臂特征, 最突出的是在张开臂两侧有壁板的存在/没有, 以及闭合臂壁的透明度/不透明性。在以前的报告中, 我们使用了一个定制的容器来比较不同的开放和闭合手臂设计组合的大鼠行为在其他相同的实验条件下, 并表明, 在手臂特征的差异干扰实验结果。简言之, 张开臂壁明显增加了大鼠的焦虑样行为, 而透明的手臂也可能降低了这种行为。此外, 我们验证了一个更高的检测灵敏度的效果, 焦虑药物的组合不 ledged 张开臂 + 不透明的壁闭合臂相比, ledged 张开臂 + 透明壁闭合臂的组合。在本报告中, 我们介绍了高附加迷宫测试的协议, 并讨论了上次报告的关键结果和我们的实验经验。我们相信这份报告将为研究人员或计划使用高加迷宫的研究者提供有用的信息。

在前面的研究中, 我们比较了张开臂壁的组合效应和闭合臂墙的透明度对迷宫12探索性行为的影响。大鼠明显地花费了较少的时间在张开的胳膊没有壁架比在张开的胳膊与壁架 (F [1, 60] = 13.49, P = 0.0005) (图 2A)。同样的结果也发现了进入开放武器的数量 (F [1, 60] = 11.17, P < 0.0014)12, 表明存在的壁面增加了大?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Testing Animal Anxiety in Rats: Effects of Open Arm Ledges and Closed Arm Wall Transparency in Elevated Plus Maze Test at JoVE.com

Testing Animal Anxiety in Rats: Effects of Open Arm Ledges and Closed Arm Wall Transparency in Elevated Plus Maze Test

大鼠动物焦虑症的实验研究: 开放臂壁和闭合臂墙透明度对高加迷宫试验的影响

高附加迷宫测试的大鼠焦虑行为因测试环境而异。在这里, 我们展示了仪器的设置, 特别是手臂结构, 如何影响迷宫的行为, 我们解释了一个可靠的协议, 以检测焦虑药物的影响。这份报告将有助于焦虑的研究。

The elevated plus maze test is a behavioral test for assessing animal anxiety in rodents. Although this test is widely applied in the field of behavioral ...

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Metamemory involves the cognitive ability to assess the strength of one&#39;s memories. To explore the possibility of metamemory in non-human animals, ...