Name: extraction of ramie fiber in alkali hydrogen peroxide system supported by controlled-release alkali source
Uploaded: 2018-02-06T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Extraction of Ramie Fiber in Alkali Hydrogen Peroxide System Supported by Controlled-release Alkali Source at JoVE.com

Dette arbejde blev støttet af den øremærkede fonden for Kina landbrug forskningssystem til Bast og blad Fiber afgrøder (tilskud antal biler-19), The Kina akademi for Jordbrugsvidenskab og teknologi Innovation Project (grant nummer ASTIP-IBFC07), innovationsfond for kandidatstuderende på Donghua University (Giv nummer 16D 310107), 'Xiaoping videnskab og teknologi innovation teamet' (industrialisering integreret R & D-Gruppen af bast fiber biologiske degumming), Kina stipendium Rådet.

1. oxidation Degumming af Ramie
<ol><li>
Forberede oxidation degumming løsning
	<ol>
<li>Opløs 2 g H2O2, 1 g alkali (en blanding af Mg(OH)2 og NaOH), 0,4 g Na5P3O10, 0,1 g anthraquinone og 0,2 g HEDP i 100 mL destilleret vand til at gøre den degumming løsning.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>
Oxidation degumming af ramie
	<ol>
<li>Fordyb 10 g rå ramie i den degumming løsning og gennemsøge det under 85 ° C i 60 min.</li>
	...

<ol>
	<li>Yuan, J. G., Yu, Y. Y., Wang, Q., Fan, X. R., Chen, S. Y., Wang, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modification+of+ramie+with+1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium+chloride+ionic+liquid.">Modification of ramie with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid.</a> Fiber Polym. 14, 1254-1260 (2013).</li><li>Kipriotis, E., Heping, X., Vafeiadakis, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ramie+and+kenaf+as+feed+crops.">Ramie and kenaf as feed crops.</a> Ind Crop Prod. 68, 126-130 (2015).</li><li>Rebenfeld, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fiber:+the+old+and+the+new.">Fiber: the old and the new.</a> J Text Inst. 92, 1-9 (2001).</li><li>Ramamoorthy, S. K., Skrifvars, M., Persson, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+review+of+natural+fiber+used+in+biocomposites:+plant,+animal+and+regenerated+cellulose+fiber.">A review of natural fiber used in biocomposites: plant, animal and regenerated cellulose fiber.</a> Polym Rev. 55, 107-162 (2015).</li><li>Yu, H. Q., Yu, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Influence+of+various+retting+methods+on+properties+of+kenaf+fiber.">Influence of various retting methods on properties of kenaf fiber.</a> J Text Inst. 101 (5), 452-456 (2010).</li><li>Fan, X. S., Liu, Z. W., Liu, Z. T., Lu, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+chemical+degumming+process+for+ramie+bast+fiber.">A novel chemical degumming process for ramie bast fiber.</a> Text Res J. 80, 2046-2051 (2010).</li><li>Liu, G. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Research on the application of sodium percarbonate the degumming of ramie. , (2013).</li><li>Meng, C. R., Yu, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Study+on+oxidation+degumming+of+ramie+fiber.">Study on oxidation degumming of ramie fiber.</a> Adv Mater Res. , 881-883 (2014).</li><li>Liu, Z. C., Duan, S. W., Sun, Q. X., Zhang, Y. X. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+rapid+process+of+ramie+biodegumming+by+Pectobacterium+sp.+CXJZU-120.">A rapid process of ramie biodegumming by Pectobacterium sp. CXJZU-120.</a> Text Res J. 82 (15), 1553-1559 (2012).</li><li>Guo, F. F., Zou, M. Y., Li, X. Z., Zhao, J., Qu, Y. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+effective+degumming+enzyme+from+Bacillus+sp.+Y1+and+synergistic+action+of+hydrogen+peroxide+and+protease+on+enzymatic+degumming+of+ramie+fiber.">An effective degumming enzyme from Bacillus sp. Y1 and synergistic action of hydrogen peroxide and protease on enzymatic degumming of ramie fiber.</a> BioMed Res Int. , (2013).</li><li>Li, Z. L., Yu, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+peroxide+and+softness+modification+on+properties+of+ramie+fiber.">Effect of peroxide and softness modification on properties of ramie fiber.</a> Fiber Polym. 15, 2105-2111 (2014).</li><li>Li, Z. L., Meng, C. R., Yu, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Analysis+of+oxidized+cellulose+introduced+into+ramie+fiber+by+oxidation+degumming.">Analysis of oxidized cellulose introduced into ramie fiber by oxidation degumming.</a> Text Res J. 85 (20), 2125-2135 (2015).</li><li>Xueren, Q. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Green bleaching technologies of pulp. , (2008).</li><li>Erkselius, S., Karlssom, O. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Free+radical+degradation+of+hydroxyethy+cellulose.">Free radical degradation of hydroxyethy cellulose.</a> Carbohydr Polym. 62, 344-356 (2005).</li><li>Meng, C. R., Liu, F. M., Li, Z. L., Yu, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+cellulose+protection+agent+used+in+the+oxidation+degumming+of+ramie.">The cellulose protection agent used in the oxidation degumming of ramie.</a> Textile Research Journal. 86 (10), 1109-1118 (2016).</li><li>Long, X., Xu, C., Du, J., Fu, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+TAED/H2O2/NaHCO3+system+as+an+approach+to+low-temperature+and+near-neutral+pH+bleaching+of+cotton.">The TAED/H2O2/NaHCO3 system as an approach to low-temperature and near-neutral pH bleaching of cotton.</a> Carbohydr Polym. 95, 107-113 (2013).</li><li>Yun, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Studies on magnesium-based hydrogen peroxide bleaching and mechanisms of deinked pulp. , (2014).</li><li>Zhang, W., Kong, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Replacement+of+sodium+peroxide+bleaching+by+magnesium-based+peroxide+bleaching+for+pulp.">Replacement of sodium peroxide bleaching by magnesium-based peroxide bleaching for pulp.</a> Paper Sci Technol. 29, 25-28 (2010).</li><li>Meng, C. R., Li, Z. L., Wang, C. Y., Yu, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alkali+Source+Used+in+the+Oxidation+Degumming+of+Ramie.">Alkali Source Used in the Oxidation Degumming of Ramie.</a> Text Res J. 87 (10), 1155-1164 (2017).</li><li>Gorski, D., Engstrand, P., Hill, J., Axelsson, P., Johansson, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mg(OH)2-based+hydrogen+peroxide+refiner+bleaching:+influence+of+extractives+content+in+dilution+water+on+pulp+properties+and+energy+efficiency.">Mg(OH)2-based hydrogen peroxide refiner bleaching: influence of extractives content in dilution water on pulp properties and energy efficiency.</a> Appita Journal. 63 (3), 218-225 (2010).</li><li>Leduc, C., Martel, J., Danea, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficiency+and+effluent+characteristic+from+Mg(OH)2-based+hydrogen+peroxide+bleaching+of+high-yield+pulps+and+deinked+pulp.">Efficiency and effluent characteristic from Mg(OH)2-based hydrogen peroxide bleaching of high-yield pulps and deinked pulp.</a> Cellulose Chemistry &amp; Technology. 44 (7-8), 271-276 (2010).</li></ol>

Indstilling af Mg(OH)2 substitution sats og reaktion temperatur var det centrale punkt i denne protokol. Mg(Oh)2 substitution sats kan påvirke pH-værdi og dermed oxidation evne til degumming løsning. De bedste Mg(OH)2 substitution sats for ramie degumming var 20%, fordi cellulose kan ikke modtage tilstrækkelig beskyttelse under en substitution sats under 20%, og en stor mængde af resterende tandkød (lav DP værdi og crystallinity) ville være bevaret i fiber under en substitution sa...

Ramie, almindeligvis kendt som 'Kina græs' er en flerårig urt, hvis fiber kan bruges som en glimrende materiale til tekstil industri1,2. Det er en af de vigtigste økonomiske afgrøder indfødte til Kina; produktionen af ramie i Kina har tegnede sig for mere end 90% af det samlede udbytte i verden1,2. Ramie fiber er en af de stærkeste og længste plantefibre, skinnende med en næsten silkeagtige udseende3,4. Den lange længde af ramie fiber gør det velegnet til enkelt fiber spinning, som sjældent ses i bast fibre. Tekstil lavet af ramie fiber besidder mange fremragende egenskaber, såsom kølighed, antibakterielle, fremragende termisk ledningsevne, ventilation, etc.3,4
Cellulose er hovedbestanddelen af ramie fibre, og de øvrige komponenter i ramie, pektin, lignin, vand opløselige materialer, er defineret som tandkød,5,6. Ramie fiber kan udtrækkes ved at opløse gummerne i oploesning indeholdende kemiske reagenser, i en proces, der er defineret som degumming5,6. Hovedsageligt to tilgange af ramie fiber udvinding findes: kemiske degumming og bio-degumming. Energiforbrug, tidsforbrug og torsk værdi af degumming spildevand i traditionelle kemiske degumming er forholdsvis høj, som cellulose fiber er udvundet ved vaskning rå ramie i koncentreret NaOH under højtryk for 6 til 8 h7,8 . Alternativt, bio-degumming er en miljøvenlig løsning for ramie fiber udvinding. Ikke desto mindre hæmme barske reaktion tilstand og avanceret udstyr dets yderligere industrielt9,10. Derfor, oxidation degumming med alkali hydrogenperoxid præsenterer en værdifuld og alternative program til at fokusere på, for det kræver kortere degumming tid og lavere degumming temperatur11,12. Men på grund af den stærke oxidation evne af peroxider, betydelige cellulose nedbrydning kan forekomme under den degumming proces, som kan forårsage stor skade på fiber egenskaber13,14. Dette er den største ulempe af alkali peroxid oxidation degumming af ramie.
I tidligere undersøgelser, blev ramie fiber udvundet i en alkali hydrogenperoxid system understøttes kun af natriumhydroxid15. Men på grund af den stærke alkalinitet af natriumhydroxid, oxidation reaktionshastighed hydrogenperoxid var vanskeligt at kontrollere og dermed medført stor skade for behandlede fiber7. For at forbedre egenskaberne af ramie fiber, bruges en kontrolleret frigivelse alkali kilde, som er sammensat af natriumhydroxid og magnesiumhydroxid, i denne undersøgelse til at tilbyde en alkaliske tilstand og buffer pH-værdi af alkali hydrogenperoxid system16 , 17.
Rationalet bag denne teknologi kan være beskrevet som følger. Magnesiumhydroxid er svagt opløseligt i destilleret vand, og det kan opløses gradvist ind i den degumming løsning med forbrug af OH- og holde pH-værdi og dermed oxidation evne til degumming løsning i en passende vifte18. Substitution sats (SR) af magnesiumhydroxid defineres som muldvarp andelen af NaOH erstattet af magnesiumhydroxid under den samlede alkali dosis på 10%, og substitution sats kan beregnes ved følgende ligning. Derudover kan Mg2 + forhindre cellulose forringelse forårsaget af over oxidation19,20.
<img alt="Equation 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/56461/56461eq1.jpg">
Her, M2 (g) er vægten af Mg(OH)2M1 (g) er vægten af NaOH, 40 er molvægten af NaOH, 58 er molvægten af Mg(OH)2, 2 er antallet af OHs i Mg(OH)2og SR er substitution sats.
Teknologien af denne protokol kan udvides til udvinding, blegning og ændring af plantematerialer i en alkali hydrogenperoxid system. Det skal dog bemærkes, at udvælgelsen af pH værdi og reaktion temperatur af alkali hydrogenperoxid system er nøglen til denne teknologi21. PH-værdien af alkali hydrogenperoxid system kan justeres ved at ændre substitution sats17. PH-værdi og dermed oxidation evne af alkali hydrogenperoxid system falder med stigende substitution sats. Når reaktion temperatur ligger på 85 ° C, frie radikaler reaktion spiller den vigtigste rolle i systemet og stærk oxidation af systemet er velegnet til opløse materialer; Når reaktion temperatur ligger ved 125 ° C, frie radikaler reaktion er hæmmet og en stor mængde af HOO findes i systemet, hvilket gør systemet velegnet til blegning19.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Hydrogen peroxide, 30%</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>H325-100</td>
			<td>Chemical for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnesium hydroxide, 99%</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>AA1236722</td>
			<td>Chemical for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium hydroxide</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>S318-1</td>
			<td>Chemical for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium bisulfite</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>S654-500</td>
			<td>Chemical for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium tripolyphosphate</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>AC218675000</td>
			<td>Chemical for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anthraquinone, &#62;98%</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>AC104930500</td>
			<td>Chemical for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1-Hydroxy Ethylidene-1,1-Diphosphonic Acid</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>50-901-10243</td>
			<td>Chemical for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Degumming oil</td>
			<td>Minglong auxiliaries limited liability company, Yiyang, Hunan,China</td>
			<td>&#8212;&#8212;</td>
			<td>Chemical for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethyl alcohol</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A962-4</td>
			<td>Chemical for testing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Benzene</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>AA43817AE</td>
			<td>Chemical for testing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Copper wire,0.5mm (0.02in) dia</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>AA10783H4</td>
			<td>Chemical for testing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cupriethylenediamine solution 1mol/L</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>24991</td>
			<td>Chemical for testing, caution toxic</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nitric acid (65% ~68% )</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A200-612GAL</td>
			<td>Chemical for testing, caution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethylenediamine</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>AC118420100</td>
			<td>Chemical for testing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium permanganate</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>P279-500</td>
			<td>Chemical for testing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sulphuric acid</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A300C-212</td>
			<td>Chemical for testing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silver sulfate</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>S190-25</td>
			<td>Chemical for testing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Raw ramie</td>
			<td>Guangyuan limited liability company, Changde, Hunan,China</td>
			<td>&#8212;&#8212;</td>
			<td>Raw materials</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electric-heated&#160;thermostatic&#160;water&#160;bath</td>
			<td>Senxin Experiment equipment limited liability company,Shanghai,China</td>
			<td>DK-S28</td>
			<td>Equipments for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High temperature lbaorator dyeing machine</td>
			<td>Shanghai Longda chemcials Crop.</td>
			<td>RY-1261</td>
			<td>Equipments for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermometer</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>100 &#176;C</td>
			<td>Equipments for degumming</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vacuum suction machine</td>
			<td>Yukang KNET ,Shanghai,China</td>
			<td>SHB-IIIA</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing Mg(OH)2 solublity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Suction flask</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>1000mL</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing Mg(OH)2 solublity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sand-core funnels</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>35mL</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing Mg(OH)2 solublity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oxidation reduction potential meter</td>
			<td>Dapu instrument, Shanghai, China</td>
			<td>MODEL 421</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing ORP value</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>pH meter</td>
			<td>Hanna instruments,Beijing,China</td>
			<td>HI 98129</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing pH value</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acid burette</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>50mL</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing H2O2 content</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Flask</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>250mL/500mL</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing H2O2 content;&#160; residual gums content</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electric furnace</td>
			<td>Jiangyi Experiment instruments limited liability company,Shanghai,China</td>
			<td>800-2000W</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing residual gums content</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Reflux condensing tube</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>250mL</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing residual gums content; COD value</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fiber cutter (40mm)</td>
			<td>Changzhou No.2 Textile Machine Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>Y171A</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing fiber density</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ostwald viscometer</td>
			<td>Taizhou, jiaojiang, glass instruments company</td>
			<td>0.6mm</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing fiber PD value</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spherical fat extractor</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>250mL</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing fiber PD value</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Soxhlet extractor</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>250mL</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing fiber PD value</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Torsion&#160;balance</td>
			<td>Liangping instrucments Co.,Ltd,Shanghai, China</td>
			<td>JN-B</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing fiber density</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fiber strength instrument</td>
			<td>Xinxian instruments, shanghai,China</td>
			<td>XQ-2</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing fiber tensile property</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tension clamp</td>
			<td>Depu textile technology Co.,Ltd, Changzhou, jiangsu, China</td>
			<td>0.3cN/dtex</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing fiber tensile property</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>COD&#160;thermostatic&#160;heater</td>
			<td>Qiangdao Xuyu environment protection technology Lit company</td>
			<td>DL-801A</td>
			<td>Equipments for testing COD value</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FTIR</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher, America</td>
			<td>Nicolet</td>
			<td>FTIR analysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>XRD</td>
			<td>Rigaku, Japan</td>
			<td>D/max-2550 PC</td>
			<td>XRD analysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electronic balance</td>
			<td>Shanghai jingtian Electronic instrument Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>FA2004A</td>
			<td>Generral equipments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Drying oven</td>
			<td>Tonglixinda&#160; instruments, Tianjin,China</td>
			<td>101-2AS</td>
			<td>Generral equipments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Weighing bottle</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>50x30</td>
			<td>Generral equipments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Beaker</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>500mL</td>
			<td>Generral equipments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sample sieve</td>
			<td>Xiaojin hardware instruments Co.,Ltd, Shangyu, Zhejiang</td>
			<td>120 mesh</td>
			<td>Generral equipments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glass rod</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>&#8212;&#8212;</td>
			<td>Generral equipments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cylinder</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>250mL, 50mL</td>
			<td>Generral equipments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pipette</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>5mL, 10mL</td>
			<td>Generral equipments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rubber&#160;suction&#160;bulb</td>
			<td>Sichuan Shubo (group)Co.,Ltd</td>
			<td>&#8212;&#8212;</td>
			<td>Generral equipments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Orign</td>
			<td>OriginLab</td>
			<td>8.0</td>
			<td>Software for figure drawing</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

extraction of ramie fiber in alkali hydrogen peroxide system supported by controlled-release alkali source

Denne protokol demonstrerer en metode for ramie fiber ekstraktion ved vaskning rå ramie i en alkali hydrogenperoxid system understøttes af en kontrolleret frigivelse alkali kilde. Fiber udvundet af ramie er en type af tekstilmateriale af stor betydning. I tidligere undersøgelser, blev ramie fiber udvundet i en alkali hydrogenperoxid system understøttes kun af natriumhydroxid. Men på grund af den stærke alkalinitet af natriumhydroxid, oxidation reaktionshastighed hydrogenperoxid var svære at styre og dermed resulterede i store skader at det behandlede fiber. I denne protokol, der en kontrolleret frigivelse alkali kilde, som er sammensat af natriumhydroxid og magnesiumhydroxid, bruges til at give en alkaliske tilstand og buffer pH-værdi af alkali brint peroxidesystem. Substitution sats af magnesiumhydroxid kan justere pH-værdien af hydrogenperoxid system og har stor indflydelse på fiber egenskaber. PH-værdi og thermodynamikken potentielle (ORP) værdi, der repræsenterer muligheden for oxidation af alkali hydrogenperoxid system, var overvåges ved hjælp af et pH-meter og ORP meter, henholdsvis. Resterende hydrogenperoxid indhold i alkaliske hydrogenperoxid system under udpakningen og den kemiske iltforbrug (COD) værdien af spildevand efter fiber ekstraktion er testet af KMnO4 titrering metode. Udbyttet af fiber er målt ved hjælp af en præcision elektronisk balance, og resterende tandkødet af fiber er testet af en kemisk analysemetode. Polymerisering grad (PD værdi) af fiber er testet af en iboende viskositet metode ved hjælp af Ubbelohde viskosimeter. Egenskaben trækstyrke af fiber, herunder stædighed, strækforlængelse og brud, måles ved hjælp af en fiber styrke instrument. Fourier transform infrarød spektroskopi og røntgen diffraktion er brugt til at karakterisere funktionelle grupper og crystal ejendom af fiber. Denne protokol beviser at kontrolleret frigivelse alkali kilde kan forbedre egenskaberne af fiber udvundet i en alkali hydrogenperoxid system.

Opløseligheden af Mg(OH)2 i destilleret vand og degumming løsning blev studeret (figur 1). Effekten af Mg(OH)2 substitution sats på pH og ORP værdi (figur 2) i den degumming løsning blev testet. Degumming udbytte og resterende tandkødet af fiber degummed under forskellige Mg(OH)2 substitution sats var beregnet (figur 3). DP værdi, crystallinity, trækstyrke ege...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Extraction of Ramie Fiber in Alkali Hydrogen Peroxide System Supported by Controlled-release Alkali Source at JoVE.com

Extraction of Ramie Fiber in Alkali Hydrogen Peroxide System Supported by Controlled-release Alkali Source

Udvinding af Ramie Fiber i alkaliske hydrogenperoxid System understøttes af kontrolleret frigivelse Alkali kilde

Præsenteres her er en protokol til udvinding af ramie fiber i alkaliske hydrogenperoxid system understøttes af kontrolleret frigivelse alkali kilde.

This protocol demonstrates a method for ramie fiber extraction by scouring raw ramie in an alkali hydrogen peroxide system supported by a ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Analyzing Protein Dynamics Using Hydrogen Exchange Mass Spectrometry

Analyserer Protein Dynamics hjælp af brint Exchange massespektrometri

All cellular processes depend on the functionality of proteins. Although the functionality of a given protein is the direct consequence of its unique ...

Exfoliation of Egyptian Blue and Han Blue, Two Alkali Earth Copper Silicate-based Pigments

Eksfoliering af egyptisk blå og Han Blå, To jordalkaliske kobbersilikat pigmenter

In a visualized example of the ancient past connecting with modern times, we describe the preparation and exfoliation of CaCuSi4O10 and BaCuSi4O10, the ...

Preparing Adherent Cells for X-ray Fluorescence Imaging by Chemical Fixation

Forberedelse vedhæftende celler for X-ray fluorescens Imaging af Chemical Fiksering

X-ray fluorescence imaging allows us to non-destructively measure the spatial distribution and concentration of multiple elements simultaneously over ...

Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials

Superkritisk Nitrogen Behandling til rensning af reaktive porøse materialer

Supercritical fluid extraction and drying methods are well established in numerous applications for the synthesis and processing of porous materials. ...

A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions

En enkel, Lavprisselskaber og robust system til at måle volumen af ​​Hydrogen Evolved af kemiske reaktioner med vandige opløsninger

There is a growing research interest in the development of portable systems which can deliver hydrogen on-demand to proton exchange membrane (PEM) ...

Real-time Breath Analysis by Using Secondary Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled to High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Real-time ånde analyse ved hjælp af sekundære Nanoelectrospray ionisering koblet til høj opløsning massespektrometri

Exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have aroused considerable interest, since they can serve as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and environmental ...

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F&#8722;

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of FÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¢Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬Â '

Photoelectron billeddannelse af anioner illustreret ved 310 Nm udstationering af F−

Anion photoelectron imaging is a very efficient method for the study of energy states of bound negative ions, neutral species and interactions of unbound ...

Extraction of Lignin with High &#946;-O-4 Content by Mild Ethanol Extraction and Its Effect on the Depolymerization Yield

Extraction of Lignin with High ÃƒÆ’Ã…Â½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â²-O-4 Content by Mild Ethanol Extraction and Its Effect on the Depolymerization Yield

Ekstraktion af Lignin med højt indhold af β-O-4 ved Mild Ethanol udvinding og dens virkning på Depolymerization udbyttet

Lignin valorization strategies are a key factor for achieving more economically competitive biorefineries based on lignocellulosic biomass. Most of the ...

U2O5 Film Preparation via UO2 Deposition by Direct Current Sputtering and Successive Oxidation and Reduction with Atomic Oxygen and Atomic Hydrogen

U2O5 Film Preparation via UO2 Deposition by Direct Current Sputtering and Successive Oxidation and Reduction with Atomic Oxygen and Atomic Hydrogen

U2O5 Film forberedelse via UO2 Deposition af jævnstrøm Sputtering og Successive Oxidation og reduktion med atomare ilt og Atomic brint

We describe a method to produce U2O5 films in situ using the Labstation, a modular machine developed at JRC Karlsruhe. The Labstation, an essential part ...

Experimental Methods for Efficient Solar Hydrogen Production in Microgravity Environment

Eksperimentelle metoder til effektiv produktion af solenergi i Mikrogravitations miljø

Long-term space flights and cis-lunar research platforms require a sustainable and light life-support hardware which can be reliably employed outside the ...