Name: methods to study changes in inherent protein aggregation with age in caenorhabditis elegans
Uploaded: 2017-11-26T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了 DZNE 和居里夫人国际重返社会补助金 (322120 至 D.C.D.) 的资助。

注意: 为了更好地理解该过程, 附加了工作流的示意图 (图 1)。
1. 大量年轻和年老的线虫的生长, 以 rna 为目标的基因为对象
注意: 使用C. 线虫温度诱导不育的2 (q388)突变体 (CF2253) 来获得大的老年同步种群。在所有的步骤, 这是重要的工作在不条件下开放的火焰和检查, 没有污染 (例如, 真菌或细菌) 存在。如果温度不?...

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在这里, 我们报告了一种方法, 以隔离高不溶性蛋白聚合体的老化线虫受 rna 干扰分析的质谱法和西方印迹。我们表明通过减少 IIS 来改善 proteostasis 可以大大防止年龄依赖性的蛋白质聚集。通过在线虫中选择特定的聚集易过度蛋白, 可以进一步解剖调节固有蛋白质聚集的机制。
固有年龄依赖性蛋白质聚集与疾病相关蛋白聚集 目前的工作是根据先前?...

蛋白质折叠和聚集被认为是一些神经退行性疾病的标志, 如 AD, PD, 肌萎缩侧索硬化症 (ALS), 颞痴呆 (FTD), 和许多其他。例如, α-核组装成淀粉样纤维, 在帕金森病患者的黑质中积累为路易体体, 而 ALS 患者 TDP-43 或 FUS 错误在退化的运动神经元中形成细胞质聚集。在这些神经退行性疾病中, 维持蛋白质稳态或 proteostasis 的机制无法阻止错误蛋白的积累, 从而导致疾病。
Proteostasis 是至关重要的, 以确保细胞功能和正常情况下, 这些调控机制严格控制蛋白质的合成, 折叠和降解率。几项研究表明, 随着衰老, 许多细胞和器官保存蛋白质稳态的能力逐渐受到损害, proteostasis 网络的生理退化是一个重要的加重因素神经退行性疾病 (参考1,2,3)。事实上, 蛋白质的质量控制和细胞对展开的蛋白质应激的反应受到年龄的影响, 表明蛋白质折叠和聚集可能是衰老的一般后果。事实上, 我们和其他人已经证明, 蛋白质聚集不限于疾病, 而不是部分的蛋白质组成为高洗涤剂-不溶于老年动物4,5,6,7 ,8,9,10。计算和体内分析显示, 这些生理年龄相关的团聚体在几个方面类似于疾病聚集,5。发现内源性, 年龄依赖性的蛋白质聚集使我们有机会解剖的分子和细胞机制, 调节蛋白质聚集, 不使用 ectopically 表达的人类疾病相关的蛋白质。目前, 关于广泛的蛋白质不的调控, 以及这种失调对机体健康的影响, 只存在有限的信息。
线虫是在衰老研究中最广泛研究的模型生物之一, 因为这些动物的寿命相对较短, 并且在较高的生物体中表现出许多特征老化特征. 通过基于微分溶解度的序贯生化分馏技术, 研究了衰老对蛋白质不的影响, 广泛应用于神经研究领域中的疾病聚集物的提取 11.通过定量质谱法, 在没有疾病5的情况下, 显示了数百个蛋白质在C. 线虫中变得容易聚集。在这里, 我们详细地描述了在液体培养中生长大量蠕虫的协议, 以及用质谱法分离聚合蛋白质并通过印迹分析的顺序提取。由于错误和聚集倾向的蛋白质积累在老年的线虫性腺和其他躯体组织的面具变化5,12,13, 我们使用无性腺突变体来集中分析蛋白质不在非组织中。所提出的方法可以分析不溶于 0.5% SDS 的高不溶大团聚体, 并通过相对较低的离心速度进行颗粒化。另外, 在其他地方也发布了一个不太严格的提取协议来收集更小、更可溶解的聚合体,10。此外, 我们还描述了用于评估C. 线虫中的聚合在体内的方法。
总的来说, 这些方法与 rna 干扰结合, 可以评估一个基因在调节年龄依赖性蛋白质聚集中的作用。为此, 我们描述的分析, 从年轻和年老的蠕虫的提取物, 并没有被击倒的特定蛋白质的兴趣使用 rna 干扰。这些方法应该是一个强大的工具, 以确定哪些组成部分的 proteostasis 网络调节蛋白质不。一些干预措施, 如减少胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子 (igf-i) 1 信号 (IIS) 已被证明显着延迟C. 线虫老化14。长寿途径往往诱导蛋白质质量控制机制, 因此这些途径可以积极影响蛋白质聚集率。例如, 我们在抑制 IIS 路径7时演示了在长寿命的动物中减少固有的蛋白质聚集。

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			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">Fernbach culture flask&#160;</td>
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			<td class="xl18" style="width:125pt" width="166">Pyrex, Capacity 2,800 ml, with 3 baffle indents</td>
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			<td class="xl18" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">Protease Inhibitor Cocktail</td>
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		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">Nonylphenylpolyethylenglycol</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Applichem</td>
			<td class="xl19">A1694</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:125pt" width="166">Nonidet P40 (NP40)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">DNaseI</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Roche</td>
			<td class="xl19">04716728001</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:125pt" width="166">recombinant, RNase free</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">RNaseA</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Promega</td>
			<td class="xl19">A7973</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:125pt" width="166">solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">Total protein blot staining</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Thermofisher</td>
			<td class="xl19">S11791</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:125pt" width="166">Sypro Ruby protein blot stain</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">Total protein gel staining</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Thermofisher</td>
			<td class="xl19">S12001</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:125pt" width="166">Sypro Ruby protein gel stain</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">TCEP (tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride)</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Serva</td>
			<td class="xl19">36970</td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">Iodoacetamide</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Serva</td>
			<td class="xl19">26710</td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">Ammoniumbicarbonate</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td class="xl19">09830</td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">Sequencing Grade Modified Trypsin</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Promega</td>
			<td class="xl25" style="width:258pt" width="344">V5111</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:125pt" width="166"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Sciex</td>
			<td class="xl19">4352135</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:125pt" width="166">iTRAQ Reagents Multiplex Kit</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">Centrifuge Avanti J-26XP</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Beckmann Coulter</td>
			<td class="xl19">393126</td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">Ultracentrifuge Optima Max-XP</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Beckmann Coulter</td>
			<td class="xl19">393315</td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">Centrifuge 5424R</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Eppendorf</td>
			<td class="xl19">5404000413</td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">Centrifuge 5702</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Eppendorf</td>
			<td class="xl19">5702000329</td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">Centrifuge Megafuge 40R</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td class="xl19">75004518</td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">Concentrator Plus</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Eppendorf</td>
			<td class="xl19">5305000304</td>
			<td class="xl17">Centrifugal evaporator</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">Fluorescent stereo-microscope M165 FC&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Leica</td>
			<td class="xl19"></td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:125pt" width="166">With Planapo 2.0x objective</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">Dissection microscope</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Leica&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl19"></td>
			<td class="xl17">Leica S6E</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="80" rowspan="2" style="width:161pt;height:60.0pt" width="215">High magnification microscope Zeiss Axio Observer Z1</td>
			<td class="xl18" height="80" rowspan="2" style="width:92pt;height:60.0pt" width="122">Zeiss</td>
			<td class="xl19" height="80" rowspan="2" style="width:258pt;height:60.0pt" width="344"></td>
			<td class="xl16" height="80" rowspan="2" style="width:125pt;height:60.0pt" width="166">With PlanAPOCHROMAT 20x objective and Zeiss Axio Cam MRm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl32" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">Software</td>
			<td class="xl33" style="width:92pt" width="122"></td>
			<td class="xl32"></td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">Image analysis software</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">ImageJ</td>
			<td class="xl19"></td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="40" style="width:161pt;height:30.0pt" width="215">Analysis of mass spectrometry data</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Protein Prospector</td>
			<td class="xl136" style="width:258pt" width="344"></td>
			<td class="xl137">http://prospector.ucsf.edu/prospector/mshome.htm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl32" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">E.coli strain</td>
			<td class="xl33" style="width:92pt" width="122"></td>
			<td class="xl19"></td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">OP50</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">CGC</td>
			<td class="xl19"></td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl32" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">RNAi bacteria</td>
			<td class="xl33" style="width:92pt" width="122"></td>
			<td class="xl19"></td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40" style="height:30.0pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="40" style="height:30.0pt">L4440</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">Julie Ahringer RNAi library</td>
			<td class="xl19"></td>
			<td class="xl17"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl32" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:161pt;height:31.5pt" width="215">C. elegans mutants</td>
			<td class="xl33" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:92pt;height:31.5pt" width="122"></td>
			<td class="xl32" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:258pt;height:31.5pt" width="344"></td>
			<td class="xl19" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:125pt;height:31.5pt" width="166"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
		</tr>
		<tr height="42" style="height:31.5pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="42" style="height:31.5pt">CF2253</td>
			<td class="xl18" style="width:92pt" width="122">CGC, strain name: EJ1158&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl40" style="width:258pt" width="344"></td>
			<td class="xl17">Genotype: gon-2(q388)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl33" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:161pt;height:31.5pt" width="215">C. elegans transgenics</td>
			<td class="xl33" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:92pt;height:31.5pt" width="122"></td>
			<td class="xl32" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:258pt;height:31.5pt" width="344"></td>
			<td class="xl19" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:125pt;height:31.5pt" width="166"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl18" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:161pt;height:31.5pt" width="215">DCD214</td>
			<td class="xl25" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:92pt;height:31.5pt" width="122">Della David&#39;s lab at DZNE T&#252;bingen</td>
			<td class="xl40" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:258pt;height:31.5pt" width="344"></td>
			<td class="xl68" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:125pt;height:31.5pt" width="166">Genotype: N2; uqIs24[Pmyo-2::tagrfp::pab-1]</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl17" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:161pt;height:31.5pt" width="215">DCD215</td>
			<td class="xl87" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:92pt;height:31.5pt" width="122">Della David&#39;s lab at DZNE T&#252;bingen</td>
			<td class="xl40" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:258pt;height:31.5pt" width="344"></td>
			<td class="xl68" height="42" rowspan="2" style="width:125pt;height:31.5pt" width="166">Genotype: daf-2(e1370) III; uqIs24[Pmyo-2::tagrfp::pab-1]</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

methods to study changes in inherent protein aggregation with age in caenorhabditis elegans

在过去的几十年中, 神经退行性疾病的流行, 如阿尔茨海默氏病 (AD) 和帕金森氏症 (PD), 已经增长。这些年龄相关的疾病的特点是在这些患者的大脑中出现了纤维结构的蛋白质聚集。确切地说, 为什么通常可溶性蛋白质会经历一个聚集过程仍然是不清楚的。发现蛋白质聚集不限于疾病过程, 而是正常衰老过程的一部分, 使研究的分子和细胞机制, 调节蛋白质聚集, 不使用 ectopically 表达人类疾病相关的蛋白质。在这里, 我们描述了通过互补的方法来检查线虫线虫中固有的蛋白质聚集的方法。首先, 我们将研究如何培养大量的年龄同步的线虫来获取衰老的动物, 我们提出了分离高不溶性大团聚体的生物化学程序。结合有针对性的基因击倒, 它可以解剖的作用, 一个基因的兴趣, 以促进或防止年龄依赖性的蛋白质聚集通过使用的综合分析与定量质谱或candidate-based 分析与抗体。然后通过体内分析, 用转基因动物表达荧光标记的聚集易发蛋白来证实这些结果。这些方法应该有助于澄清为什么某些蛋白质容易聚集与年龄和最终如何保持这些蛋白质完全功能。

我们使用这里提出的方法来评估如何长寿命的动物与减少的 IIS 调节年龄依赖性蛋白质聚集。由西部污点 (参见步骤 2.2, 快速不溶蛋白提取为西部污点分析), 我们分析了总和不溶蛋白内容的年轻人 (3 天成人) 和年龄 (18 天成人) 蠕虫在控制 rna 干扰和以 rna 干扰为目标胰岛素IGF-1-like 受体daf-2。我们观察到, 在总蛋白水平上, 年龄或控制与daf-2 rna 干扰条件 (<strong cla...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans at JoVE.com

Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans

方法研究线虫线虫中固有的蛋白质聚集与年龄的变化

本文所提出的方法的目的是在模型生物体的正常衰老过程中, 探索蛋白质的聚集性, 即线虫。该协议代表了一个强大的工具, 以研究高度不溶性的大骨料, 形成与年龄和确定如何改变 proteostasis 影响蛋白质聚集。

In the last decades, the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), has grown. These ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans

Time-lapse Microscopy of Early Embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Time-lapse Microscopy of Early Embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans

时间推移显微镜早期胚胎发育线虫

Caenorhabditis elegans has often been used as a model system in studies of early developmental processes.  The transparency of the 
embryos, the genetic ...

科研

生物学

Basic Caenorhabditis elegans Methods: Synchronization and Observation

Basic Caenorhabditis elegans Methods: Synchronization and Observation

基本的<em&gt;线虫</em&gt;方法：同步和观察

Research into the molecular and developmental biology of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was begun in the early seventies by Sydney Brenner and it has ...

4D Imaging of Protein Aggregation in Live Cells

在活细胞中蛋白质聚集的4D成像

One of the key tasks of any living cell is maintaining the proper folding of newly synthesized proteins in the face of ever-changing environmental ...

Prostaglandin Extraction and Analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Prostaglandin Extraction and Analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans

前列腺素的提取与分析<em&gt;线虫</em

Caenorhabditis elegans is emerging as a powerful animal model to study the biology of lipids1-9. Prostaglandins are an important class of eicosanoids, ...

Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System to Study Protein Homeostasis in a Multicellular Organism

Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System to Study Protein Homeostasis in a Multicellular Organism

The folding and assembly of proteins is essential for protein function, the long-term health of the cell, and longevity of the organism. Historically, the ...

In Vitro Aggregation Assays Using Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein

In Vitro Aggregation Assays Using Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein

体外聚集测定使用tau蛋白的蛋白质

Alzheimer's disease is one of a large group of neurodegenerative disorders known as tauopathies that are manifested by the neuronal deposits of ...

Methods to Assess Subcellular Compartments of Muscle in C. elegans

Methods to Assess Subcellular Compartments of Muscle in C. elegans

方法来评估肌肉的亚细胞中<em&gt;温度。线虫</em

Muscle is a dynamic tissue that responds to changes in nutrition, exercise, and disease state. The loss of muscle mass and function with disease and age ...

Cultivation of Caenorhabditis elegans in Three Dimensions in the Laboratory

Cultivation of Caenorhabditis elegans in Three Dimensions in the Laboratory

栽培<em&gt;秀丽隐杆线虫</em&gt;在三个维度实验室

The use of genetic model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans has led to seminal discoveries in biology over the last five decades. Most of what we ...

Combined Nucleotide and Protein Extractions in Caenorhabditis elegans

Combined Nucleotide and Protein Extractions in Caenorhabditis elegans

线虫的核苷酸和蛋白质提取联合

A single biological sample holds a plethora of information, and it is now common practice to simultaneously investigate several macromolecules to capture ...

Modeling Age-Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases in Caenorhabditis elegans

Modeling Age-Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases in Caenorhabditis elegans

建模年龄相关的神经退行性疾病在 卡诺哈布迪蒂斯埃利根

Battling human neurodegenerative pathologies and managing their pervasive socioeconomic impact is becoming a global priority. Notwithstanding their ...