Name: deep proteome profiling by isobaric labeling, extensive liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and software-assisted quantification
Uploaded: 2017-11-15T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification at JoVE.com

Forfatterne takke alle andre lab og facilitet medlemmer til nyttige diskussioner. Dette arbejde blev delvist støttet af NI H giver R01GM114260, R01AG047928, R01AG053987 og ALSAC. MS analyse blev udført i St. Jude children's Research Hospital Proteomics Facility, delvist understøttet af NIH kræft Center støtte grant P30CA021765. Forfatterne takke Nisha Badders for hjælp med at redigere håndskriftet.

forsigtighed: kontakt alle relevante sikkerhedsdatablade (dvs., muskel-og Skeletbesvær) før brug. Brug venligst alle relevante sikkerhedspraksis, når du udfører denne protokol.
 Bemærk: en TMT 10-plex Isobar etiket reagens sæt bruges i denne protokol for proteomet kvantitering af 10 prøver.
 1. forberedelse af celler/væv NOTE: det er afgørende at indsamle prøver i minimal tid ved lav temperatur til at holde proteiner i ...

<ol>
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Methods Enzymol. 585, 377-395 (2017).</li><li>McAlister, G. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Increasing+the+multiplexing+capacity+of+TMTs+using+reporter+ion+isotopologues+with+isobaric+masses.">Increasing the multiplexing capacity of TMTs using reporter ion isotopologues with isobaric masses.</a> Anal Chem. 84 (17), 7469-7478 (2012).</li><li>Everley, R. A., Kunz, R. C., McAllister, F. E., Gygi, S. 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V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Off-line+high-pH+reversed-phase+fractionation+for+in-depth+phosphoproteomics.">Off-line high-pH reversed-phase fractionation for in-depth phosphoproteomics.</a> J Proteome Res. 13 (12), 6176-6186 (2014).</li><li>Song, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reversed-phase-reversed-phase+liquid+chromatography+approach+with+high+orthogonality+for+multidimensional+separation+of+phosphopeptides.">Reversed-phase-reversed-phase liquid chromatography approach with high orthogonality for multidimensional separation of phosphopeptides.</a> Anal Chem. 82 (1), 53-56 (2010).</li><li>Wang, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Systematic+optimization+of+long+gradient+chromatography+mass+spectrometry+for+deep+analysis+of+brain+proteome.">Systematic optimization of long gradient chromatography mass spectrometry for deep analysis of brain proteome.</a> J Proteome Res. 14 (2), 829-838 (2015).</li><li>Hebert, A. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+one+hour+yeast+proteome.">The one hour yeast proteome.</a> Mol Cell Proteomics. 13 (1), 339-347 (2014).</li><li>Wang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=JUMP:+a+tag-based+database+search+tool+for+peptide+identification+with+high+sensitivity+and+accuracy.">JUMP: a tag-based database search tool for peptide identification with high sensitivity and accuracy.</a> Mol Cell Proteomics. 13 (12), 3663-3673 (2014).</li><li>Xu, P., Duong, D. M., Peng, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Systematical+optimization+of+reverse-phase+chromatography+for+shotgun+proteomics.">Systematical optimization of reverse-phase chromatography for shotgun proteomics.</a> J Proteome Res. 8 (8), 3944-3950 (2009).</li><li>Niu, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extensive+Peptide+Fractionation+and+y1+Ion-Based+Interference+Detection+Method+for+Enabling+Accurate+Quantification+by+Isobaric+Labeling+and+Mass+Spectrometry.">Extensive Peptide Fractionation and y1 Ion-Based Interference Detection Method for Enabling Accurate Quantification by Isobaric Labeling and Mass Spectrometry.</a> Anal Chem. 89 (5), 2956-2963 (2017).</li><li>Ting, L., Rad, R., Gygi, S. P., Haas, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=MS3+eliminates+ratio+distortion+in+isobaric+multiplexed+quantitative+proteomics.">MS3 eliminates ratio distortion in isobaric multiplexed quantitative proteomics.</a> Nat Methods. 8 (11), 937-940 (2011).</li><li>Savitski, M. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Delayed+fragmentation+and+optimized+isolation+width+settings+for+improvement+of+protein+identification+and+accuracy+of+isobaric+mass+tag+quantification+on+Orbitrap-type+mass+spectrometers.">Delayed fragmentation and optimized isolation width settings for improvement of protein identification and accuracy of isobaric mass tag quantification on Orbitrap-type mass spectrometers.</a> Anal Chem. 83 (23), 8959-8967 (2011).</li><li>Wenger, C. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gas-phase+purification+enables+accurate,+multiplexed+proteome+quantification+with+isobaric+tagging.">Gas-phase purification enables accurate, multiplexed proteome quantification with isobaric tagging.</a> Nat Methods. 8 (11), 933-935 (2011).</li><li>McAlister, G. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=MultiNotch+MS3+enables+accurate,+sensitive,+and+multiplexed+detection+of+differential+expression+across+cancer+cell+line+proteomes.">MultiNotch MS3 enables accurate, sensitive, and multiplexed detection of differential expression across cancer cell line proteomes.</a> Anal Chem. 86 (14), 7150-7158 (2014).</li><li>Zhou, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genome-scale+proteome+quantification+by+DEEP+SEQ+mass+spectrometry.">Genome-scale proteome quantification by DEEP SEQ mass spectrometry.</a> Nat Commun. 4, 2171 (2013).</li><li>Savitski, M. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Delayed+fragmentation+and+optimized+isolation+width+settings+for+improvement+of+protein+identification+and+accuracy+of+isobaric+mass+tag+quantification+on+Orbitrap-type+mass+spectrometers.">Delayed fragmentation and optimized isolation width settings for improvement of protein identification and accuracy of isobaric mass tag quantification on Orbitrap-type mass spectrometers.</a> Anal. Chem. 83 (23), 8959-8967 (2011).</li><li>Ahrne, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+and+Improvement+of+Quantification+Accuracy+in+Isobaric+Mass+Tag-Based+Protein+Quantification+Experiments.">Evaluation and Improvement of Quantification Accuracy in Isobaric Mass Tag-Based Protein Quantification Experiments.</a> J Proteome Res. 15 (8), 2537-2547 (2016).</li><li>Xu, P., Duong, D. M., Peng, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Systematical+Optimization+of+Reverse-Phase+Chromatography+for+Shotgun+Proteomics.">Systematical Optimization of Reverse-Phase Chromatography for Shotgun Proteomics.</a> J Proteome Res. 8 (8), 3944-3950 (2009).</li><li>Tan, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Integrative+Proteomics+and+Phosphoproteomics+Profiling+Reveals+Dynamic+Signaling+Networks+and+Bioenergetics+Pathways+Underlying+T+Cell+Activation.">Integrative Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics Profiling Reveals Dynamic Signaling Networks and Bioenergetics Pathways Underlying T Cell Activation.</a> Immunity. 46 (3), 488-503 (2017).</li><li>Wu, Z., Na, C. H., Tan, H., Peng, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Global+ubiquitination+analysis+by+SILAC+in+mammalian+cells.">Global ubiquitination analysis by SILAC in mammalian cells.</a> Methods Mol Biol. 1188, 149-160 (2014).</li><li>Tan, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Refined+phosphopeptide+enrichment+by+phosphate+additive+and+the+analysis+of+human+brain+phosphoproteome.">Refined phosphopeptide enrichment by phosphate additive and the analysis of human brain phosphoproteome.</a> Proteomics. 15 (2-3), 500-507 (2015).</li><li>Li, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=JUMPg:+an+Integrative+Proteogenomics+Pipeline+Identifying+Unannotated+Proteins+in+Human+Brain+and+Cancer+Cells.">JUMPg: an Integrative Proteogenomics Pipeline Identifying Unannotated Proteins in Human Brain and Cancer Cells.</a> J Proteome Res. 17 (7), 2309-2320 (2016).</li><li>Yuan, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assessing+the+clinical+utility+of+cancer+genomic+and+proteomic+data+across+tumor+types.">Assessing the clinical utility of cancer genomic and proteomic data across tumor types.</a> Nat Biotechnol. 32 (7), 644-652 (2014).</li><li>Nesvizhskii, A. 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Vi beskriver en høj overførselshastighed protokol til kvantitering af proteiner med en 10-plex Isobar mærkning strategi, som er blevet gennemført med succes i flere publikationer12,13,14,32 . I denne protokol, kan vi analysere op til 10 forskellige biologiske protein prøver i 1 eksperiment. Rutinemæssigt kan vi identificere og kvantificere langt over 10.000 proteiner med høj genkendelses...

Næste generation sequencing teknologiske fremskridt har ført til en ny landskab for at studere biologiske systemer og sygdom hos mennesker. Dette har tilladt et stort antal målinger af genomet, transkriptom, proteom, metabolome og andre molekylære systemer til at blive konkret. Massespektrometri (MS) er en af de mest følsomme metoder i analytisk kemi, og dens anvendelse i proteomics vokset hurtigt efter sekvenseringen af det menneskelige genom. I feltet proteomics har de sidste par år givet store tekniske fremskridt i MS-baserede kvantitative analyser, herunder Isobar mærkning og multiplexing evne kombineret med omfattende væskekromatografi ud over instrumentering forskud, giver mulighed for hurtigere og mere præcise målinger med mindre prøvemateriale kræves. Kvantitative proteomics er blevet et mainstream tilgang til profilering titusinder af proteiner og posttranslationelle modifikationer i meget komplicerede biologiske prøver1,2,3,4 , 5 , 6.
Multiplex Isobar mærkning metoder såsom Isobar tag til relative og absolutte kvantitering (dvs, iTRAQ) og tandem masse tag (TMT) MS har stærkt forbedret prøve overførselshastighed og øget antallet af prøver, der kan analyseres i en enkelt eksperiment1,6,7,8. Sammen med andre MS-baserede kvantitering metoder, såsom etiket-fri kvantitering og stabil isotop mærkning med aminosyrer i cellekultur (dvs.SILAC), potentialet i disse teknikker i proteomics er felt betydelig9 ,10,11. For eksempel, tillader TMT metode 10 protein prøver der skal analyseres sammen i 1 eksperiment ved hjælp af 10-plex reagenser. Disse strukturelt identisk TMT tags har den samme samlede masse, men tunge isotoper er varierende fordelt på kulstof eller kvælstof atomer, hvilket resulterer i en unik reporter ion under MS/MS fragmentering af hvert tag, hvorved relative kvantitering mellem de 10 prøver. TMT strategi anvendes rutinemæssigt for at studere biologiske veje, sygdomsprogression og cellulære processer12,13,14.
Betydelige tekniske forbedringer har forbedret væskekromatografi (LC)-MS/MS systemer, både hvad angår LC separationer og MS parametre, at maksimere protein identifikation uden at ofre kvantitering nøjagtighed. Første-dimension adskillelse af peptider ved en adskillelse teknik med høj orthogonality til den anden dimension er afgørende i denne type af shotgun proteomics metode til at opnå maksimal resultater20. Høj pH omvendt-fase væskekromatografi (RPLC) giver bedre ydeevne end konventionelle stærk kationbytter kromatografi20. Når høj pH RPLC kombineres med en anden dimension af lav-pH RPLC, både analytisk dynamikområde og protein dækning er forbedret, hvilket resulterer i evnen til at identificere hovedparten af udtrykte proteiner, når du udfører hele-proteomet analyser15 ,16,17,18. Andre tekniske fremskridt omfatter små C18 partikler (1.9 µm) og udvidet lang kolonne (~ 1 m)19. Desuden, andre bemærkelsesværdige forbedringer inkluderer nye versioner af massespektrometre med hurtig scanning satser, forbedret følsomhed og opløsning20og sofistikeret Bioinformatik rørledninger til MS data mining21.
Her beskriver vi en detaljeret protokol, der inkorporerer de nyeste metoder med ændringer til at forbedre både følsomhed og overførselshastighed, mens fokus på kvalitetskontrol mekanismer under hele forsøget. Protokollen indeholder protein udvinding og fordøjelse, TMT 10-plex mærkning, grundlæggende pH og syre pH RPLC fraktionering, høj opløsning MS påvisning og MS databehandling (figur 1). Derudover gennemfører vi flere kvalitetskontrol trin til fejlfinding og evaluere eksperimentel variation. Denne detaljerede protokollen er beregnet til at hjælpe forskerne nye til feltet rutinemæssigt identificere og nøjagtigt kvantificere tusindvis af proteiner fra en lysate eller væv.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>1220 LC system</td>
			<td>Agilent</td>
			<td>G4288B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>50% Hydroxylamine</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>90115</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acetonitrile</td>
			<td>Burdick &#38; Jackson</td>
			<td>AH015-4</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bullet Blender</td>
			<td>Next Advance</td>
			<td>BB24-AU</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Butterfly Portfolio Heater</td>
			<td>Phoenix S&#38;T</td>
			<td>PST-BPH-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>C18 tips</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>74-4607</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dithiothreitol (DTT)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>D5545</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMSO</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>41648</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Formic acid</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>94318</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fraction Collector</td>
			<td>Gilson</td>
			<td>FC203B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glass Beads</td>
			<td>Next Advance</td>
			<td>GB05</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HEPES</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>H3375</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Iodoacetamide (IAA)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>I6125</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lys-C</td>
			<td>Wako</td>
			<td>125-05061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Methanol</td>
			<td>Burdick &#38; Jackson</td>
			<td>AH230-4</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pierce BCA Protein Assay kit</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>23225</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mass Spectrometer</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>Q Exactive HF</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>nanoflow UPLC</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>Ultimate 3000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ReproSil-Pur C18 resin, 1.9um</td>
			<td>Dr. Maisch GmbH</td>
			<td>r119.aq.0003</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Self Pck Columns</td>
			<td>New Objective</td>
			<td>PF360-75-15-N-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium deoxycholate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>30970</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Speedva</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>SPD11V</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TMT 10plex Isobaric label reagent</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>90110</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)</td>
			<td>Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td>400003</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>V511C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Urea</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>U5378</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xbridge Column C18 column</td>
			<td>Waters</td>
			<td>186003943</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ziptips C18</td>
			<td>Millipore</td>
			<td>ZTC18S096</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SepPak 1cc 50mg</td>
			<td>Waters</td>
			<td>WAT054960</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

deep proteome profiling by isobaric labeling, extensive liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and software-assisted quantification

Mange ekstraordinære fremskridt er blevet gjort i massespektrometri (MS)-baseret proteomics, med særlige tekniske fremskridt i væskekromatografi (LC) koblet til tandem massespektrometri (LC-MS/MS) og Isobar mærkning multiplexing kapacitet. Her introducerer vi en dyb-proteomics profilering protokol, der kombinerer 10-plex tandem masse tag (TMT) mærkning med en omfattende LC/LC-MS/MS platform, og efter MS beregningsmæssige indblanding korrektion til nøjagtigt kvantificere hele proteomes. Denne protokol omfatter følgende hovedtrin: protein udvinding og fordøjelse, TMT mærkning, 2-dimensionelle (2D) LC, høj opløsning massespektrometri og beregningsmæssige databehandling. Kvalitetskontrol trin er inkluderet for fejlfinding og evaluere eksperimentel variation. Mere end 10.000 proteiner i pattedyr prøver kan trygt quantitated med denne protokol. Denne protokol kan også anvendes til kvantitering af indlæg translationel ændringer med mindre ændringer. Denne multiplex, robust metode giver et stærkt værktøj for proteom analyse i en lang række komplekse prøver, herunder cellekultur, animalsk væv og humane kliniske prøver.

Vi brugte en tidligere beskrevet cross-arter peptid mix til systematisk analysere effekten af forholdet kompression i 3 store protokol trin, herunder pre-MS fraktionering, MS indstillinger og post-MS korrektion23. Pre-MS fraktionering blev evalueret og optimeret ved hjælp af en kombination af grundlæggende pH RPLC og sure pH RPLC. For post-MS analyse fandtes kun artsspecifik peptider. Vi brugte denne indblanding model til at undersøge en række parametre i LC LC...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification at JoVE.com

Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification

Vi præsenterer en protokol for at nøjagtigt kvantificere proteiner med Isobar mærkning, omfattende fraktionering, bioinformatik værktøjer og kvalitetskontrol trin i kombination med væskekromatografi interface til en høj opløsning massespektrometer.

Dyb proteomet profilering af Isobar mærkning, omfattende væskekromatografi, massespektrometri og Software-assisteret kvantificering

Many exceptional advances have been made in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, with particular technical progress in liquid chromatography (LC) ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biochemistry

Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis&#8211;Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples

Sheathless Capillary ElectrophoresisÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¢ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚Â¬ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œMass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples

Sheathless kapillarelektroforese-massespektrometri for Metabolic profilering biologiske prøver

In metabolomics, a wide range of analytical techniques is used for the global profiling of (endogenous) metabolites in complex samples. In this paper, a ...

Time-resolved ElectroSpray Ionization Hydrogen-deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry for Studying Protein Structure and Dynamics

Time-løst elektrosprayioniserings Brint-deuterium Exchange-massespektrometri til at studere proteiners struktur og Dynamics

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) have long been a challenge to structural biologists due to their lack of stable secondary structure elements. ...

Resolving Affinity Purified Protein Complexes by Blue Native PAGE and Protein Correlation Profiling

Løsning affinitetsrensede proteinkomplekser ved Blå Native PAGE og protein Korrelation Profilering

Most proteins act in association with others; hence, it is crucial to characterize these functional units in order to fully understand biological ...

A Tandem Liquid Chromatography&#8211;Mass Spectrometry-based Approach for Metabolite Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus

A Tandem Liquid ChromatographyÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¢ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚Â¬ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã…â€œMass Spectrometry-based Approach for Metabolite Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus

En Tandem væskekromatografi-massespektrometri-baseret tilgang til Metabolit Analyse af<em&gt; Staphylococcus aureus</em

In an effort to thwart bacterial pathogens, hosts often limit the availability of nutrients at the site of infection. This limitation can alter the ...

Detection of Protein Ubiquitination Sites by Peptide Enrichment and Mass Spectrometry

Påvisning af proteinubiquitinationssteder ved peptidberigelse og massespektrometri

The posttranslational modification of proteins by the small protein ubiquitin is involved in many cellular events. After tryptic digestion of ...

Proteome-wide Quantification of Labeling Homogeneity at the Single Molecule Level

Proteom-wide kvantificering af mærkning homogenitet på enkelt-molekyle niveau

Cell proteomes are often characterized using electrophoresis assays, where all species of proteins in the cells are non-specifically labeled with a ...

Nitropeptide Profiling and Identification Illustrated by Angiotensin II

Nitropeptid profilering og identifikation illustreret af angiotensin II

Protein nitration is one of the most important post-translational modifications (PTM) on tyrosine residues and it can be induced by chemical actions of ...

Absolute Quantification of Cell-Free Protein Synthesis Metabolism by Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Absolut kvantificering af celle frit protein syntese metabolisme ved omvendt fase-væskekromatografi-massespektrometri

Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) is an emerging technology in systems and synthetic biology for the in vitro production of proteins. However, if CFPS is ...

Label-Free Immunoprecipitation Mass Spectrometry Workflow for Large-scale Nuclear Interactome Profiling

Label-fri Immunoprecipitation massespektrometri workflow for storstilet nuklear Interactome profilering

Immunoaffinity purification mass spectrometry (IP-MS) has emerged as a robust quantitative method of identifying protein-protein interactions. This ...

Quantitative Analysis of the Cellular Lipidome of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Quantitative Analysis of the Cellular Lipidome of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Kvantitativ analyse af cellulære lipidom af Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Ved hjælp af flydende kromatografi kombineret med tandem massespektrometri

Lipids are structurally diverse amphipathic molecules that are insoluble in water. Lipids are essential contributors to the organization and function of ...