Name: balloon-based injury to induce myointimal hyperplasia in the mouse abdominal aorta
Uploaded: 2018-02-07T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Balloon-based Injury to Induce Myointimal Hyperplasia in the Mouse Abdominal Aorta at JoVE.com

作者感谢克里斯蒂娜 Pahrmann 的技术援助。
. 得到了最大凯基金会的支持。李政道获得了其他 kr 基金会 (2012_EKES 04) 和德意志 Forschungsgemeinschaft (DE2133/2-1 _。从德意志 Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) 获得了研究补助金;SCHR992/3-1, SCHR992/4-1)。

动物接受了人道护理, 符合《实验室动物原则指南》, 由实验室动物资源研究所编写, 并由国家卫生研究所出版。所有动物协议由负责任的地方当局批准 ("Amt Gesundheit 和 Verbraucherschutz, Hansestadt (办公室为健康和消费者保护) 汉堡")。
1. 导管制备
注: 有关导管的信息, 请参阅材料表。
<ol><li>从导管架上取导管。</li>
	<li>将丝从管腔中通过远端端口?...

<ol>
	<li>Kochanek, K. D., Xu, J., Murphy, S. L., Minino, A. M., Kung, H. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Deaths:+final+data+for+2009.">Deaths: final data for 2009.</a> Natl Vital Stat Rep. 60 (3), 1-116 (2011).</li><li>Austin, G. E., Ratliff, N. B., Hollman, J., Tabei, S., Phillips, D. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intimal+proliferation+of+smooth+muscle+cells+as+an+explanation+for+recurrent+coronary+artery+stenosis+after+percutaneous+transluminal+coronary+angioplasty.">Intimal proliferation of smooth muscle cells as an explanation for recurrent coronary artery stenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.</a> J Am Coll Cardiol. 6 (2), 369-375 (1985).</li><li>Greenwald, S. E., Berry, C. 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K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+differentiation+of+vascular+smooth+muscle+cells.">Regulation of differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells.</a> Physiol Rev. 75 (3), 487-517 (1995).</li><li>Owens, G. K., Kumar, M. S., Wamhoff, B. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+regulation+of+vascular+smooth+muscle+cell+differentiation+in+development+and+disease.">Molecular regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation in development and disease.</a> Physiol Rev. 84 (3), 767-801 (2004).</li><li>Kleemann, R., Zadelaar, S., Kooistra, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cytokines+and+atherosclerosis:+a+comprehensive+review+of+studies+in+mice.">Cytokines and atherosclerosis: a comprehensive review of studies in mice.</a> Cardiovasc Res. 79 (3), 360-376 (2008).</li><li>Karas, S. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Coronary+intimal+proliferation+after+balloon+injury+and+stenting+in+swine:+an+animal+model+of+restenosis.">Coronary intimal proliferation after balloon injury and stenting in swine: an animal model of restenosis.</a> J Am Coll Cardiol. 20 (2), 467-474 (1992).</li><li>Ip, J. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+platelets,+thrombin+and+hyperplasia+in+restenosis+after+coronary+angioplasty.">The role of platelets, thrombin and hyperplasia in restenosis after coronary angioplasty.</a> J Am Coll Cardiol. 17 (6 Suppl B), 77B-88B (1991).</li><li>Mason, R. G., Read, M. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Some+species+differences+in+fibrinolysis+and+blood+coagulation.">Some species differences in fibrinolysis and blood coagulation.</a> J Biomed Mater Res. 5 (1), 121-128 (1971).</li><li>Lafont, A., Faxon, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Why+do+animal+models+of+post-angioplasty+restenosis+sometimes+poorly+predict+the+outcome+of+clinical+trials?.">Why do animal models of post-angioplasty restenosis sometimes poorly predict the outcome of clinical trials?.</a> Cardiovasc Res. 39 (1), 50-59 (1998).</li><li>Matter, C. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Increased+balloon-induced+inflammation,+proliferation,+and+neointima+formation+in+apolipoprotein+E+(ApoE)+knockout+mice.">Increased balloon-induced inflammation, proliferation, and neointima formation in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mice.</a> Stroke. 37 (10), 2625-2632 (2006).</li><li>Lindner, V., Fingerle, J., Reidy, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mouse+model+of+arterial+injury.">Mouse model of arterial injury.</a> Circ Res. 73 (5), 792-796 (1993).</li><li>Simon, D. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Decreased+neointimal+formation+in+Mac-1(-/-)+mice+reveals+a+role+for+inflammation+in+vascular+repair+after+angioplasty.">Decreased neointimal formation in Mac-1(-/-) mice reveals a role for inflammation in vascular repair after angioplasty.</a> J Clin Invest. 105 (3), 293-300 (2000).</li><li>Sata, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+mouse+model+of+vascular+injury+that+induces+rapid+onset+of+medial+cell+apoptosis+followed+by+reproducible+neointimal+hyperplasia.">A mouse model of vascular injury that induces rapid onset of medial cell apoptosis followed by reproducible neointimal hyperplasia.</a> J Mol Cell Cardiol. 32 (11), 2097-2104 (2000).</li><li>Moroi, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interaction+of+genetic+deficiency+of+endothelial+nitric+oxide,+gender,+and+pregnancy+in+vascular+response+to+injury+in+mice.">Interaction of genetic deficiency of endothelial nitric oxide, gender, and pregnancy in vascular response to injury in mice.</a> J Clin Invest. 101 (6), 1225-1232 (1998).</li><li>Painter, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myointimal+hyperplasia:+pathogenesis+and+implications.+2.+Animal+injury+models+and+mechanical+factors.">Myointimal hyperplasia: pathogenesis and implications. 2. Animal injury models and mechanical factors.</a> Artif Organs. 15 (2), 103-118 (1991).</li><li>Stubbendorff, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inducing+myointimal+hyperplasia+versus+atherosclerosis+in+mice:+an+introduction+of+two+valid+models.">Inducing myointimal hyperplasia versus atherosclerosis in mice: an introduction of two valid models.</a> J Vis Exp. (87), e51459 (2014).</li><li>Deuse, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dichloroacetate+prevents+restenosis+in+preclinical+animal+models+of+vessel+injury.">Dichloroacetate prevents restenosis in preclinical animal models of vessel injury.</a> Nature. 509 (7502), 641-644 (2014).</li></ol>

本文介绍了小鼠模型研究 myointimal 增生的发展, 并允许探索的基础病理过程和测试新药或治疗方案。
该协议最关键的步骤是主动脉的剥蚀。在这一步中应特别注意, 过度的剥蚀会导致动脉瘤形成和模型衰竭。另一方面, 如果剥蚀的执行不够, 太少的 myointima 将发展。因此, 剥蚀台阶的强度对该动物模型的结果和成功至关重要。
关于外科手术, 这是至关重要的?...

冠状动脉和外周动脉狭窄对患者的发病率和死亡率有很大的影响1。一个潜在的病理机制是 myointima 增生 (MH), 其特点是增加增殖, 迁移, 并合成细胞外基质蛋白从血管平滑肌细胞 (SMC)2。SMC 位于容器的介质层, 并在对腔表面进行刺激后迁移。刺激信号包括生长因子、细胞因子、细胞接触、脂质、细胞外基质成分、机械剪切和拉伸力3、4、5、6。血管壁损伤, 病理或医源性, 导致内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞损伤, 刺激炎症反应, 从而导致 MH7。
目前有不同的动物模型可用于研究动脉损伤和 myointima 增生。像猪或狗这样的大型动物, 具有与人类分享相似的动脉和冠状动脉解剖的优势, 特别适合研究血管成形技术、过程和设备的调查8。然而, 猪模型有更高的缺点血栓9,10, 而狗只对船只伤害有轻微的反应11。此外, 所有大型动物模型都需要特殊的住房、设备和工作人员, 这些都与高昂的费用联系在一起, 而且并不总是在一个机构中提供。小动物模型包括老鼠和老鼠。与大鼠相比, 小鼠具有成本低且存在各种敲出模型的优点。本视频中描述的模型可以与以西方饮食喂养的载脂蛋白小鼠相结合, 以密切模仿动脉粥样硬化血管成形术的临床设置12。既往模型通过钢丝损伤诱发血管损伤13, 液体脱水的14, 春季15, 或袖扣伤16。由于损伤的性质将极大地影响 MH 的发展和构成, 使用气囊导管诱导血管损伤是模拟临床环境的最佳方法。
本文介绍了一种用气囊导管诱导小鼠 MH 的新方法。使用带 RX 端口 (图 1A) 的气囊导管 (1.2 mm x 6 mm) 可使内膜层的刮擦, 同时还能诱导血管的 overdistension。这两个因素都是 MH 发展的重要诱因。此模型的观察时间为28天17。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>10-0 Ethilon suture</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>2814G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3 mL Syringe</td>
			<td>BD Medical</td>
			<td>309658</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>37% HCl</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>H1758</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5-0 prolene suture</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>EH7229H</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>6-0 prolene suture</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>8706H</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acid Fuchsin</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>F8129-25G</td>
			<td>Trichrome staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Antigen retrieval solution</td>
			<td>Dako</td>
			<td>S1699</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Azophloxin</td>
			<td>Waldeck</td>
			<td>1B-103</td>
			<td>Trichrome staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bepanthen Eye and Nose ointment</td>
			<td>Bayer</td>
			<td>1578675</td>
			<td>Eye ointment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Betadine Solution</td>
			<td>Betadine Purdue Pharma</td>
			<td>NDC:67618-152</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>C57BL/6J</td>
			<td>Charles River</td>
			<td>Stock number 000664</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clamp applicator</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>18056-14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Collagen 3</td>
			<td>abcam</td>
			<td>ab7778</td>
			<td>Antibody</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DAPI</td>
			<td>Thermo Fischer</td>
			<td>D1306</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Donkey anti-Goat IgG AF555</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>A21432</td>
			<td>Secondary antibody</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG AF488</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>A21206</td>
			<td>Secondary antibody</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG AF488</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>A11055</td>
			<td>Secondary antibody</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG AF555</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>A31572</td>
			<td>Secondary antibody</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol 70%</td>
			<td>Th. Geyer</td>
			<td>2270</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol 96%</td>
			<td>Th. Geyer</td>
			<td>2295</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol absolute</td>
			<td>Th. Geyer</td>
			<td>2246</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FAP</td>
			<td>abcam</td>
			<td>ab28246</td>
			<td>Antibody</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps fine</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11251-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps standard</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11023-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glacial Acetic Acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>537020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hair clipper</td>
			<td>WAHL</td>
			<td>8786-451A ARCO SE</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heparin</td>
			<td>Rotexmedica</td>
			<td>PZN 3862340</td>
			<td>25.000 I.E./mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High temperature cautery kit</td>
			<td>Bovie</td>
			<td>18010-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Image-iT FX Signal Enhancer</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>I36933</td>
			<td>Blocking solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Light Green SF</td>
			<td>Waldeck</td>
			<td>1B-211</td>
			<td>Trichrome staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microsurgical clamp</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>18055-04</td>
			<td>Micro-Serrefine - 4mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MINI TREK Coronary Dilatation Catheter 1.20 mm x 6 mm / Rapid-Exchange</td>
			<td>Abbott</td>
			<td>1012268-06U</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Molybdatophosphoric acid hydrate</td>
			<td>Merck</td>
			<td>1.00532.0100</td>
			<td>Trichrome staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaCl 0,9%</td>
			<td>B.Braun</td>
			<td>PZN 06063042 Art. Nr.: 3570160</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Needle holder</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>12075-14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Novaminsulfon</td>
			<td>Ratiopharm</td>
			<td>PZN 03530402</td>
			<td>Metamizole</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Orange G</td>
			<td>Waldeck</td>
			<td>1B-221</td>
			<td>Trichrome staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paraffin</td>
			<td>Leica biosystems</td>
			<td>REF 39602004</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS pH 7,4</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>10010023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PFA 4%</td>
			<td>Electron Microscopy Sciences</td>
			<td>#157135S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ponceau S solution</td>
			<td>Serva Electrophoresis</td>
			<td>33427</td>
			<td>Trichrome staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Primary antibody diluent</td>
			<td>Dako</td>
			<td>S3022</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Prolong Gold Mounting solution</td>
			<td>Thermo Fischer</td>
			<td>P36930</td>
			<td>Mounting solution for immunofluorescence stained slides</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Replaceable Fine Tip</td>
			<td>Bovie</td>
			<td>H101</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Resorcin-Fuchsin Weigert</td>
			<td>Waldeck</td>
			<td>2E-30</td>
			<td>Trichrome staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rimadyl</td>
			<td>Pfizer</td>
			<td>400684.00.00</td>
			<td>Carprofen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>14028-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scissors Vannas-style</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>15000-03</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Secondary antibody diluent</td>
			<td>Dako</td>
			<td>S0809</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fast acting Adhesive MINIS 3x1g</td>
			<td>UHU</td>
			<td>45370</td>
			<td>Cyanoacrylate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Slide Rack</td>
			<td>Ted Pella</td>
			<td>21057</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SM22</td>
			<td>abcam</td>
			<td>ab10135</td>
			<td>Antibody</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SMA</td>
			<td>abcam</td>
			<td>ab21027</td>
			<td>Antibody</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Staining dish</td>
			<td>Ted Pella</td>
			<td>21075</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical microscope</td>
			<td>Leica</td>
			<td>M651</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tabotamp fibrillar</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>431962</td>
			<td>Absorbable hemostat</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Transpore Surgical Tape</td>
			<td>3M</td>
			<td>1527-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>U-100 Insulin syringe</td>
			<td>BD Medical</td>
			<td>324825</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vessel Dilator</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>18603-14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vitro-Clud</td>
			<td>Langenbrinck</td>
			<td>04-0001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Weigerts iron hematoxylin Kit</td>
			<td>Merck</td>
			<td>1.15973.0002</td>
			<td>Trichrome staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xylene</td>
			<td>Th. Geyer</td>
			<td>3410</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

balloon-based injury to induce myointimal hyperplasia in the mouse abdominal aorta

使用动物模型对更好地了解 MH 是至关重要的, 这是动脉狭窄的主要原因之一。在这篇文章中, 我们演示了一个小鼠气球剥脱模型, 这是与建立在大型动物的血管损伤模型比较。主动脉剥脱模型与球囊导管模拟临床设置, 并导致可比病理和生理变化。简单地, 在主动脉紫癜中进行水平切口后, 气球导管将插入容器中, 充气, 并引入逆行。气球的膨胀会导致血管内膜损伤和 overdistension。取出导管后, 主动脉切口将与单拆线闭合。本文所介绍的模型重现性好, 易于执行, 且能快速可靠地建立。它特别适用于评价昂贵的实验性治疗剂, 可以在经济的方式应用。利用不同的击倒-小鼠菌株, 可以评估不同基因对 MH 发育的影响。

球囊剥脱是研究小鼠 MH 发育的一个合适的模型。动物从手术中恢复良好, 并显示出良好的身体状况后手术。我们在50只小鼠中建立了这个模型, 由于手术的原因, 死亡率不到3%。图 1B-c显示关键的手术步骤。沿式阿尔巴进行皮肤切口后, 确定主动脉紫癜。放置显微外科钳 (图 1B)。做一个小切口在中间的主?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Balloon-based Injury to Induce Myointimal Hyperplasia in the Mouse Abdominal Aorta at JoVE.com

Balloon-based Injury to Induce Myointimal Hyperplasia in the Mouse Abdominal Aorta

本文对小鼠主动脉球囊损伤后 myointimal 增生 (MH) 的发育进行了研究。

球囊损伤诱发小鼠腹主动脉 Myointimal 增生的研究

The use of animal models is essential for a better understanding of MH, one major cause for arterial stenosis.In this article, we demonstrate a murine ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage

C密封：一个Biofragmentable漏漏电保护吻合结直肠吻合

Colorectal anastomotic leakage (AL) is a serious complication in colorectal surgery leading to high morbidity and mortality rates1. The incidence of AL ...

科研

医学

Pressure Controlled Ventilation to Induce Acute Lung Injury in Mice

压力控制通气诱导小鼠急性肺损伤

Murine models are extensively used to investigate acute injuries of different organs systems (1-34). Acute lung injury (ALI), which occurs with prolonged ...

The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice

CYP2D6动物模型：如何诱导小鼠自身免疫性肝炎

Autoimmune hepatitis is a rare but life threatening autoimmune disease of the liver of unknown etiology1,2. In the past many attempts have been made to ...

An Alkali-burn Injury Model of Corneal Neovascularization in the Mouse

角膜新生血管在小鼠碱烧伤模型

Under normal conditions, the cornea is avascular, and this transparency is essential for maintaining good visual acuity. Neovascularization (NV) of the ...

Inducing Myointimal Hyperplasia Versus Atherosclerosis in Mice: An Introduction of Two Valid Models

诱导肌内膜增生对战动脉粥样硬化小鼠：两种有效的模型介绍

Various in vivo laboratory rodent models for the induction of artery stenosis have been established to mimic diseases that include arterial plaque ...

Reproducible Arterial Denudation Injury by Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Clamping in a Murine Model

重复性的动脉剥脱损伤腹主动脉阻断在小鼠模型

Percutaneous vascular interventions uniformly result in arterial denudation injuries that subsequently lead to thrombosis and restenosis. These ...

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats

心脏重构通过大鼠腹主动脉缩窄的模型

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is a complex clinical syndromethat includes fatigue, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, and ...

Ultrasound Imaging of the Thoracic and Abdominal Aorta in Mice to Determine Aneurysm Dimensions

小鼠胸腹主动脉超声检查确定动脉瘤大小

Contemporary high-resolution ultrasound instruments have sufficient resolution to facilitate the measurement of mouse aortas. These instruments have been ...

Implantation of Human-Sized Coronary Stents into Rat Abdominal Aorta Using a Trans-Femoral Access

使用跨女性访问将人类大小的冠状动脉支架植入大鼠腹主动脉

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), combined with the deployment of a coronary stent, represents the gold standard in interventional treatment of ...

Blood Circuit Reconstruction in an Abdominal Mouse Heart Transplantation Model

腹部小鼠心脏移植模型中的血液回路重建

The surgical technique of heterotopic abdominal heart transplantation in mice is a standard model for research in transplantation immunology. Here, the ...