Name: hand-held clinical photoacoustic imaging system for real-time non-invasive small animal imaging
Uploaded: 2017-10-16T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Hand-held Clinical Photoacoustic Imaging System for Real-time Non-invasive Small Animal Imaging at JoVE.com

Forfatterne vil gerne anerkende den finansielle støtte fra Tier 1 forskning tilskud finansieret af Undervisningsministeriet i Singapore (RG48/16: M4011617) og Tier 2 forskning tilskud finansieret af Undervisningsministeriet i Singapore (ARC2/15: M4020238). Forfatterne vil gerne anerkende Dr. Rhonnie Østrig Dienzo for hans hjælp med dyr håndtering.

alle dyreforsøg blev udført efter godkendte retningslinjer og forordninger af institutionelle Animal Care og brug Udvalget af Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (dyr protokolnummer ARF-SBS / Nie-A0263).
 1. håndholdte Real-time kliniske PA og os Imaging System <ol><li>skematisk af den håndholdte kliniske PAI system 33 er vist i figur 1a. Det består af en optisk parametrisk oscillator (OPO) laser pumpes af en hyppigheden f...

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	<li>Yun, S. H., Kwok, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Light+in+diagnosis,+therapy+and+surgery.">Light in diagnosis, therapy and surgery.</a> Nat. Biomed. Eng. 1, 0008 (2017).</li><li>Tseng, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+accuracy+of+preoperative+breast+MRI+for+breast+cancer.">Clinical accuracy of preoperative breast MRI for breast cancer.</a> J. Surg. Oncol. , (2017).</li><li>Baran, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optimization+of+propagation-based+x-ray+phase-contrast+tomography+for+breast+cancer+imaging.">Optimization of propagation-based x-ray phase-contrast tomography for breast cancer imaging.</a> Phys. Med. 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I øjeblikket er omkostningerne ved screening, diagnosticering og behandling af kræft meget høj. Der er forskellige imaging modaliteter, som bliver brugt til brystkræftscreening og diagnose. Dog, en masse af disse Billeddannende teknikker har begrænsninger herunder pladskrævende maskine størrelse, invasiv diagnose, uvenskab til patienter, for dyrt, krav af ioniserende stråling, eller brug af radioaktive kontrastmidler. Derfor, en effektiv, omkostningseffektiv, real-time imaging og vejlede system er meget nødvendi...

Til påvisning og iscenesættelse af kræft er forskellige billeddiagnostiske teknikker til rådighed. Nogle af de udbredte billeddiagnostiske modaliteter er magnetisk resonans imaging (MR), X-Ray computertomografi (CT), X-Ray, ultralyd (os), positron emissions tomografi (PET), fluorescens imaging, etc.1,2, 3 , 4. men nogle af de eksisterende Billeddannende teknikker er enten invasive, har skadelig stråling, eller er langsom, dyrt, voluminøse eller uvenlig til patienter. Således er der et konstant behov for at udvikle nye, hurtige og omkostningseffektive Billeddannende teknikker til diagnostik og terapi5.
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) er en spirende billedbehandling teknik, der kombinerer rig optisk kontrast med høj ultralyd opløsning på en dybere imaging dybde5,6,7,8, 9. I PAI, er en kort laser puls anvendes til væv bestråling. Lyset bliver absorberet af det væv, hvilket fører til en lille temperaturstigning. Som følge af termoelastisk ekspansion genereres trykbølger (i form af akustiske bølger) i vævet. De genererede akustiske bølger (også kendt som photoacoustic (PA) bølger) er erhvervet med en wideband ultralyd transducer (UST) uden det væv. Disse erhvervede PA signaler kan bruges til at rekonstruere PA billeder, afsløre den strukturelle og funktionelle oplysninger inde i vævet. PAI har en bred vifte af applikationer, herunder: blodkar imaging, sentinel lymfeknude imaging, hjernen Vaskulaturen imaging, tumor imaging, molekylær billeddannelse, etc.10,11,12, 13,14,15 PAI har talrige anvendelsesmuligheder på grund af dens fordele, nemlig: dybere indtrængningsdybde, gode rumlige opløsning og høj bløddele kontrast. Kontrasten i PAI kan være endogene fra blod, melanin, osv. Når endogene kontrasten ikke er stærk nok, som eksogene kontrastmidler organiske farvestoffer, nanopartikler, quantum dots, etc.16,17,18,19, 20 , 21 kan bruges til at forbedre kontrasten.
Selvom PAI har mange fordele i forhold til andre billeddiagnostiske teknikker, er kliniske oversættelse stadig en meget stor udfordring. De vigtigste begrænsninger er voluminøse arten af lasere anvendes, de fleste af USTs anvendt til dataopsamling er ikke kompatibel med kliniske amerikanske systemer, og den manglende tilgængelighed af kommercielt tilgængelige kliniske US Billeddannende systemer som giver adgang til rå kanal data. Først for nylig blevet kommercielle kliniske US maskiner med adgang til rå data tilgængelige22. I dette arbejde, vi sigter mod at påvise gennemførligheden af PAI med en håndholdt set-up ved hjælp af en klinisk amerikanske platform. Vi har til formål at demonstrere dette ved at vise ikke-invasive billeddannelse af sentinel lymfeknuder (SLNs) i et lille dyr model.
Invasiv brystkræft er en af de førende årsager til kræftdødsfald blandt kvinder. Diagnosticering og iscenesættelse brystkræft tidligt er afgørende for beslutningen behandling strategier, som spiller en vigtig rolle i prognosen for patienten. For breast anvendes cancer midlertidige sentinel lymfeknude biopsier (SLNB) er normalt23,24. SLN er den primære lymfeknude, hvor muligheden for at finde kræftceller er det højeste på grund af metastaser. SLNBs indebærer injektion af et farvestof eller et radioaktivt sporstof, efterfulgt at skære åbne område med et lille snit, og derefter finde SLN visuelt i tilfælde af farvestoffer eller ved hjælp af en geigertæller, i tilfælde af et radioaktivt sporstof. Efter identifikation fjernet et par SLN for histopatologiske undersøgelser24,25. Positiv SLNB angiver, at tumoren har spredt sig til nærliggende lymfeknuder og måske til andre organer. Negative SLNB viser, at sandsynligheden for metastaser er ubetydelig26. SLNB har mange komplikationer forbundet med det som arm følelsesløshed, lymphedema, etc.27 til at eliminere SLNB forbundet komplikationer, en non-invasiv billeddiagnostik teknik er nødvendig.
For SLN kortlægning i små dyr og mennesker, er PA imaging blevet undersøgt grundigt ved hjælp af forskellige kontrast agenter15,28,29,30,31 , 32. dog de systemer, der anvendes i øjeblikket ikke kan bruges i et klinisk scenario som tidligere påpegede. En anden bekymring behandles er den kirurgiske procedure involveret i SLNB28. Tilpasning af minimalt invasive procedurer for fin nål aspiration biopsi (FNAB) var nødvendig for at reducere restitutionstid og bivirkninger af patienterne. I dette arbejde, en klinisk amerikanske system var blevet benyttet til kombineret USA og PA imaging blev brugt. For brugervenlighed i klinisk setup, en brugerdefineret gjort håndholdte holder til boliger optisk fiber og UST blev designet. Methylenblåt (MB) blev brugt til at identificere og tilknytning SLNs. Derudover for at fjerne komplikationer forbundet med SLNB kirurgi, non-invasiv real-time nål tracking fremgår også.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Q-switched Nd:YAG laser</td>
			<td>Continuum</td>
			<td>Surelite</td>
			<td>Pump laser</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Optical parametric oscillator</td>
			<td>Continuum</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>OPO laser</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clinical ultrasound imaging system</td>
			<td>Alpinion</td>
			<td>E-CUBE 12R</td>
			<td>Dual modal ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Linear array ultrasound transducer</td>
			<td>Alpinion</td>
			<td>L3-12</td>
			<td>128 element linear array transducer with centre frequency of 8.5 MHz, fractional bandwidth of 95%,</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bifurcated optical fiber</td>
			<td>CeramOptec</td>
			<td>Custom made</td>
			<td>To couple the light from the laser to the handheld fiber holder</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lens</td>
			<td>Thorlabs</td>
			<td>LB1869</td>
			<td>Focus light from the laser to the optical fiber</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultrasound gel</td>
			<td>Progress/parker acquasonic gel</td>
			<td>PA-GEL-CLEA-5000</td>
			<td>Acoustic coupling</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Image Processing software</td>
			<td>Mathworks</td>
			<td>Matlab</td>
			<td>Home made program using Matlab</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anesthetic Machine</td>
			<td>medical plus pte ltd</td>
			<td>Non-Rebreathing Anaesthesia machine with oxygen concentrator.</td>
			<td>Supplies oxygen and isoflurane to animal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pulse Oxymeter portable</td>
			<td>Medtronic</td>
			<td>PM10N with veterinary sensor</td>
			<td>Monitors the pulse oxymetry of the animal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Animal distributor</td>
			<td>In Vivos Pte Ltd, Singapore</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Animal distributor that supplies small animals for research purpose.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Breathing mask</td>
			<td>Custom made</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Used along with animal holder to supply anesthesia mixture to the animal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>chicken breast tissue</td>
			<td>Pasar</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Used to add depth to mimic human imaging scenario</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>23G needle</td>
			<td>BD Precisionglide</td>
			<td>23G,1 and half inch</td>
			<td>Used for realtime needle guidance</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Holder for the fiber optic cable</td>
			<td>Custom made</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>To hold the input end of the bifurcated cable</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Handheld probe</td>
			<td>Custom made 3D printed</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>With two slots for the two output ends of the optical fiber and one slot for the ultrasound transducer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Methylene blue (10 mg/mL)</td>
			<td>Sterop</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Contrast agent for PA imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser tuning software</td>
			<td>Surelite OPO PLUS</td>
			<td>SLOPO</td>
			<td>Software to tune the wavelength of OPO laser</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Photodiode</td>
			<td>Thorlabs</td>
			<td>SP05/M</td>
			<td>To detect the laser pulse to trigger the ultrasound system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Photodiode bias module</td>
			<td>Thorlabs</td>
			<td>PBM42</td>
			<td>To amplify the photodiode signal to tigger ultrasound signal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Depilatory cream</td>
			<td>Reckitt Benckiser</td>
			<td>Veet</td>
			<td>Used to remove hair from the imaging area</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser power meter</td>
			<td>Ophir</td>
			<td>Starlite, p/n: 7Z01565</td>
			<td>Used to measure the laser power</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

hand-held clinical photoacoustic imaging system for real-time non-invasive small animal imaging

Oversættelse af photoacoustic imaging i klinikken er en stor udfordring. Håndholdt real-time kliniske photoacoustic imaging systems er meget sjældne. Vi rapporterer her, en kombineret photoacoustic og kliniske ultrasound imaging system ved at integrere en ultralydssonde med lys levering for små dyrs imaging. Vi demonstrere det ved viser sentinel lymfeknude imaging i små dyr sammen med minimalt invasiv real-time nål vejledning. En klinisk ultralyd platform med adgang til rå kanaldata giver mulighed for integration af photoacoustic imaging fører til en håndholdt real-time kliniske photoacoustic imaging system. Methylenblåt blev brugt til sentinel lymfeknude imaging på 675 nm bølgelængde. Derudover blev nål vejledning med dobbelt modal ultralyd og photoacoustic imaging vist ved hjælp af billedbehandling system. Dybde imaging på op til 1,5 cm blev demonstreret med et 10 Hz laser på en photoacoustic imaging framerate af 5 billeder i sekundet.

<img alt="Figure 1" class="xfigimg" src="/files/ftp_upload/56649/56649fig1.jpg"> 
Figur 1: Beskrivelse af. (a) skematisk gengivelse af PAI system med dobbelt modal kliniske amerikanske system. OPO - optisk parametrisk oscillator, af - optisk fiber bundt, FH - fiber indehaveren, USM - kliniske US maskine. Indehaveren af fiber integrerer UST og to output optisk fiber bundt. Anæstesi maskine levere isofluran og ilt bruges til at holde dyret under bedøve...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Hand-held Clinical Photoacoustic Imaging System for Real-time Non-invasive Small Animal Imaging at JoVE.com

Hand-held Clinical Photoacoustic Imaging System for Real-time Non-invasive Small Animal Imaging

Håndholdte kliniske Photoacoustic Imaging System for Real-time Non-invasiv små dyr Imaging

En klinisk håndholdte photoacoustic imaging system vil blive demonstreret for real-time non-invasiv små dyr billeddannelse.

Translation of photoacoustic imaging into the clinic is a major challenge. Handheld real-time clinical photoacoustic imaging systems are very rare. Here, ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy

Optical microscopy, providing valuable insights at the cellular and organelle levels, has been widely recognized as an enabling biomedical technology. As ...

Wideband Optical Detector of Ultrasound for Medical Imaging Applications

Wideband optisk detektor af ultralyd til medicinsk billedbehandling

Optical sensors of ultrasound are a promising alternative to piezoelectric techniques, as has been recently demonstrated in the field of optoacoustic ...

Universal Hand-held Three-dimensional Optoacoustic Imaging Probe for Deep Tissue Human Angiography and Functional Preclinical Studies in Real Time

Universal Håndholdt Tre-dimensionel Optoacoustic Imaging Probe for Deep Tissue Menneskelig angiografi og Funktionelle Prækliniske studier i Real Time

The exclusive combination of high optical contrast and excellent spatial resolution makes optoacoustics (photoacoustics) ideal for simultaneously ...

Using Cell-substrate Impedance and Live Cell Imaging to Measure Real-time Changes in Cellular Adhesion and De-adhesion Induced by Matrix Modification

Brug af Cell-substrat Impedans og levende celler Imaging at måle realtid Ændringer i cellulær adhæsion og De-vedhæftning induceret af Matrix Ændring

Cell-matrix adhesion plays a key role in controlling cell morphology and signaling. Stimuli that disrupt cell-matrix adhesion (e.g., myeloperoxidase and ...

Real-time Monitoring of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Ablation of In Vitro Canine Livers Using Harmonic Motion Imaging for Focused Ultrasound (HMIFU)

Real-time Monitoring of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound HIFU Ablation of In Vitro Canine Livers Using Harmonic Motion Imaging for Focused Ultrasound HMIFU

Real-time overvågning af High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) ablation af<em&gt; In vitro</em&gt; Canine Lever Brug Harmonisk Motion Imaging for fokuseret ultralyd (HMIFU)

Harmonic Motion Imaging for Focused Ultrasound (HMIFU) is a technique that can perform and monitor high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation. An ...

Multimodal Imaging and Spectroscopy Fiber-bundle Microendoscopy Platform for Non-invasive, In Vivo Tissue Analysis

Multimodal Imaging and Spectroscopy Fiber-bundle Microendoscopy Platform for Non-invasive, In Vivo Tissue Analysis

Multimodal Imaging og spektroskopi Fiber-bundle Microendoscopy platform for ikke-invasiv,<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Analyse Tissue

Recent fiber-bundle microendoscopy techniques enable non-invasive analysis of in vivo tissue using either imaging techniques or a combination of ...

Switchable Acoustic and Optical Resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy for In Vivo Small-animal Blood Vasculature Imaging

Switchable Acoustic and Optical Resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy for In Vivo Small-animal Blood Vasculature Imaging

Switchable akustisk og optisk opløsning Photoacoustic Microscopy for<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Blodvaskemaskiner i små dyr

Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is a fast-growing invivo imaging modality that combines both optics and ultrasound, providing penetration beyond the ...

A High-performance Compact Photoacoustic Tomography System for In Vivo Small-animal Brain Imaging

A High-performance Compact Photoacoustic Tomography System for In Vivo Small-animal Brain Imaging

Et højtydende kompakt fotokoustisk tomografisystem til<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Small-animal Brain Imaging

In vivo small-animal imaging has an important role to play in preclinical studies. Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is an emerging hybrid imaging modality ...

A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking

En protokol til Real-time 3D enkelt partikel Tracking

Real-time three-dimensional single particle tracking (RT-3D-SPT) has the potential to shed light on fast, 3D processes in cellular systems. Although ...

Targeting Neuronal Fiber Tracts for Deep Brain Stimulation Therapy Using Interactive, Patient-Specific Models

Målretning Neuronal Fiber skrifter for dyb Brain Stimulation terapi ved hjælp af interaktive, Patient-specifikke modeller

Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which involves insertion of an electrode to deliver stimulation to a localized brain region, is an established therapy for ...