Name: in vivo evaluation of fracture callus development during bone healing in mice using an mri-compatible osteosynthesis device for the mouse femur
Uploaded: 2017-11-14T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vivo Evaluation of Fracture Callus Development During Bone Healing in Mice Using an MRI-compatible Osteosynthesis Device for the Mouse Femur at JoVE.com

Vi tackar Sevil Essig, Stefanie Schroth, Verena Fischer, Katja Prystaz, Yvonne Hägele och Anne Subgang för utmärkt teknisk support. Vi tackar också den tyska forskningsfondens (CRC1149, INST40/499-1) och AO Trauma Foundation Tyskland för finansiering av denna studie.

alla djur experiment följt internationella föreskrifter för skötsel och användning av laboratoriedjur och godkändes av de regionala tillsynsmyndigheterna (nr 1250, Regierungspräsidium Tübingen, Tyskland). Alla möss bibehölls i grupper om två till fem djur per bur på en 14-h ljus, 10-h mörka dygnsrytmen med vatten och mat enligt ad libitum.
 1. beredning av kirurgiska Material och förbehandling av möss <ol><li>Sterilize alla kirurgiska material. Använda en autoklav t...

<ol>
	<li>Claes, L., Recknagel, S., Ignatius, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fracture+healing+under+healthy+and+inflammatory+conditions.">Fracture healing under healthy and inflammatory conditions.</a> Nat Rev Rheumatol. 8 (3), 133-143 (2012).</li><li>Einhorn, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+cell+and+molecular+biology+of+fracture+healing.">The cell and molecular biology of fracture healing.</a> Clin Orthop Relat Res. (355), S7-S21 (1998).</li><li>Einhorn, T. A., Gerstenfeld, L. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fracture+healing:+mechanisms+and+interventions.">Fracture healing: mechanisms and interventions.</a> Nat Rev Rheumatol. 11 (1), 45-54 (2015).</li><li>Augat, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Local+tissue+properties+in+bone+healing:+influence+of+size+and+stability+of+the+osteotomy+gap.">Local tissue properties in bone healing: influence of size and stability of the osteotomy gap.</a> J Orthop Res. 16 (4), 475-481 (1998).</li><li>Claes, L. E., Heigele, C. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Magnitudes+of+local+stress+and+strain+along+bony+surfaces+predict+the+course+and+type+of+fracture+healing.">Magnitudes of local stress and strain along bony surfaces predict the course and type of fracture healing.</a> J Biomech. 32 (3), 255-266 (1999).</li><li>Claes, L. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+mechanical+factors+on+the+fracture+healing+process.">Effects of mechanical factors on the fracture healing process.</a> Clin Orthop Relat Res. (355), 132-147 (1998).</li><li>Hu, D. P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cartilage+to+bone+transformation+during+fracture+healing+is+coordinated+by+the+invading+vasculature+and+induction+of+the+core+pluripotency+genes.">Cartilage to bone transformation during fracture healing is coordinated by the invading vasculature and induction of the core pluripotency genes.</a> Development. 144 (2), 221-234 (2017).</li><li>Hankenson, K. D., Zimmerman, G., Marcucio, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biological+perspectives+of+delayed+fracture+healing.">Biological perspectives of delayed fracture healing.</a> Injury. 45, 8-15 (2014).</li><li>Meyer, R. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Age+and+ovariectomy+impair+both+the+normalization+of+mechanical+properties+and+the+accretion+of+mineral+by+the+fracture+callus+in+rats.">Age and ovariectomy impair both the normalization of mechanical properties and the accretion of mineral by the fracture callus in rats.</a> J Orthop Res. 19 (3), 428-435 (2001).</li><li>Nikolaou, V. S., Efstathopoulos, N., Kontakis, G., Kanakaris, N. K., Giannoudis, P. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+influence+of+osteoporosis+in+femoral+fracture+healing+time.">The influence of osteoporosis in femoral fracture healing time.</a> Injury. 40 (6), 663-668 (2009).</li><li>Haffner-Luntzer, M., Kovtun, A., Rapp, A. E., Ignatius, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mouse+Models+in+Bone+Fracture+Healing+Research.">Mouse Models in Bone Fracture Healing Research.</a> Current Molecular Biology Reports. 2 (2), 101-111 (2016).</li><li>Garcia, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rodent+animal+models+of+delayed+bone+healing+and+non-union+formation:+a+comprehensive+review.">Rodent animal models of delayed bone healing and non-union formation: a comprehensive review.</a> Eur Cell Mater. 26, 1-14 (2013).</li><li>Histing, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Small+animal+bone+healing+models:+standards,+tips,+and+pitfalls+results+of+a+consensus+meeting.">Small animal bone healing models: standards, tips, and pitfalls results of a consensus meeting.</a> Bone. 49 (4), 591-599 (2011).</li><li>Zachos, T. A., Bertone, A. L., Wassenaar, P. A., Weisbrode, S. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rodent+models+for+the+study+of+articular+fracture+healing.">Rodent models for the study of articular fracture healing.</a> J Invest Surg. 20 (2), 87-95 (2007).</li><li>Taha, M. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assessment+of+the+efficacy+of+MRI+for+detection+of+changes+in+bone+morphology+in+a+mouse+model+of+bone+injury.">Assessment of the efficacy of MRI for detection of changes in bone morphology in a mouse model of bone injury.</a> J Magn Reson Imaging. 38 (1), 231-237 (2013).</li><li>Haffner-Luntzer, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+high-resolution+In+Vivo+MRI+for+longitudinal+analysis+of+endochondral+fracture+healing+in+mice.">Evaluation of high-resolution In Vivo MRI for longitudinal analysis of endochondral fracture healing in mice.</a> PLoS One. 12 (3), 0174283 (2017).</li><li>Beckmann, N., Falk, R., Zurbrugg, S., Dawson, J., Engelhardt, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Macrophage+infiltration+into+the+rat+knee+detected+by+MRI+in+a+model+of+antigen-induced+arthritis.">Macrophage infiltration into the rat knee detected by MRI in a model of antigen-induced arthritis.</a> Magn Reson Med. 49 (6), 1047-1055 (2003).</li><li>Al Faraj, ., Shaik A, S. u. l. t. a. n. a., Pureza, A., A, M., Alnafea, M., Halwani, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preferential+macrophage+recruitment+and+polarization+in+LPS-induced+animal+model+for+COPD:+noninvasive+tracking+using+MRI.">Preferential macrophage recruitment and polarization in LPS-induced animal model for COPD: noninvasive tracking using MRI.</a> PLoS One. 9 (3), 90829 (2014).</li><li>Rolle, A. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=ImmunoPET/MR+imaging+allows+specific+detection+of+Aspergillus+fumigatus+lung+infection+in+vivo.">ImmunoPET/MR imaging allows specific detection of Aspergillus fumigatus lung infection in vivo.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 113 (8), 1026-1033 (2016).</li><li>Niemeyer, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Non-invasive+tracking+of+human+haemopoietic+CD34(+)+stem+cells+in+vivo+in+immunodeficient+mice+by+using+magnetic+resonance+imaging.">Non-invasive tracking of human haemopoietic CD34(+) stem cells in vivo in immunodeficient mice by using magnetic resonance imaging.</a> Eur Radiol. 20 (9), 2184-2193 (2010).</li></ol>

Modifieringar och felsökning:
Det huvudsakliga målet med denna studie var att beskriva ett protokoll för att använda av en MRI-kompatibel extern fixeringsanordning för lårbenet osteotomi i musen med möjlighet att övervaka callus vävnad utveckling längdriktningen under endochondral frakturläkning processen. Utformningen av en skräddarsydd monteringsenheten för insättning av den extern fixeringsanordning garanteras en standardiserad position under upprepade skannin...

Sekundära frakturläkning är den vanligaste formen av benläkning. Det är en komplex process som härma specifika aspekter av ontogenic endochondral benbildning1,2,3. Tidig fraktur hematom består huvudsakligen av immunceller, granulering och fibrös vävnad. Låg syrehalt spänning och hög biomekanisk stammar hämma osteoblast differentiering vid fraktur gap, men främjar differentiering av stamceller i kondrocyter4,5,6. Dessa celler börjar att föröka sig på platsen för skadan att bilda en brosk matris ger inledande stabilitet av brutna ben. Under callus mognad, kondrocyter bli hypertrofisk, genomgå apoptos eller trans-differentieras till osteoblaster. Kärlnybildning vid övergångszonen brosk-till-ben ger förhöjd syrehalt, så att bildandet av beniga vävnad7. Efter beniga överbryggande av fraktur klyftan, biomekaniska stabiliteten ökat och osteoklastisk omdaning av den externa fraktur förhårdnader uppstår för att få fysiologiska ben kontur och struktur3. Därför ger belopp av fibrösa, brosk och beniga vävnad i den fraktur förhårdnader viktig information om benet läkningsprocessen. Störd eller fördröjd läkning blir synlig vid förändringar av callus vävnad utveckling både hos människor och möss8,9,10,11. Tillgängliga i vivo tekniker längdriktningen övervaka callus vävnad utveckling i prekliniska fracture healing studier med hjälp av små djur inkluderar digital radiografi och µCT imaging12,13. Båda teknikerna är dock endast kunna diskriminera mellan mineraliserade och icke-mineraliserad vävnad. Däremot MRI ger utmärkt mjukvävnad kontrast och skulle därför kunna identifiera mjuk vävnad och brosk i den fraktur förhårdnader.
Tidigare arbete visade lovande resultat för postmortala MRI i möss med artikulära frakturer14 och i vivo MRI i möss under intramembranous ben-defekt helande15. Båda studierna angav emellertid också begränsad rumslig upplösning och vävnad kontrast. Vi visat tidigare genomförbarheten av högupplösta i vivo MRI för längsgående bedömning av mjuk förhårdnader bildas under murina endochondral fracture healing16. Här rapporterar vi protokollet för att använda en MRI-kompatibel extern fixeringsanordning för lårbenet osteotomi i möss för att övervaka callus vävnad utveckling längdriktningen under den endochondral fraktur läkningsprocessen. Utformningen av en skräddarsydd monteringsenheten för insättning av den extern fixeringsanordning garanteras en standardiserad position under upprepade skanningar.

<table style="border-collapse:collapse;width:823pt" width="1097">
	<colgroup>
		<col style="width:254pt" width="338" />
		<col style="width:295pt" width="393" />
		<col style="width:149pt" width="199" />
		<col style="width:125pt" width="167" />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="width:254pt;height:15.75pt" width="338">Anaesthesia tube</td>
			<td class="xl65" style="width:295pt" width="393">FMI, Seeheim, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">ZUA-82-ANA-TUB-Mouse</td>
			<td class="xl67" style="width:125pt" width="167"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Anaesthetic machine&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">FMI, Seeheim, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">ZUA-82-GME-MA</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Artery forceps&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BH104R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Autoclave</td>
			<td class="xl65">Systec, Wettenberg, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">DX-150</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Autoclaving packaging</td>
			<td class="xl65">Stericlin, Feuchtwangen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">2301-04/06/10/12/16</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Avizo software</td>
			<td class="xl65">FEI, Burlington, USA</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">-</td>
			<td class="xl67">Version 8.0.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">BioSpec 117/16 magnetic resonance imaging system</td>
			<td class="xl65">Bruker Biospin, Ettlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">117/16</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Bulldog clamp&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BH 021R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Carbon steel scalpel no. 11/15</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BA211/215</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Ceramic mounting pin 0.45 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">RISystem, Davos, Switzerland</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">HS691490</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Clindamycin (300 mg / 2ml)</td>
			<td class="xl65">Ratiopharm, Ulm, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">-</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Dressing forceps 115 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BD210R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Dressing forceps 130 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BD025R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Drill bit coated 0.45 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">RISystem, Davos, Switzerland</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">HS820420</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Durogrip needle holder 125 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BM024R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Foliodrape&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Hartmann, Heidenheim, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">2513026</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Frekaderm</td>
			<td class="xl65">Fresenius, Bad Homburg, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">4928211</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Gigli saw 0.44 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">RISystem, Davos, Switzerland</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">RIS.590.110.25</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Hand drill</td>
			<td class="xl65">RISystem, Davos, Switzerland</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">RIS.390.130-01</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Heating plate&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">FMI, Seeheim, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">IOW-3704</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Hygonorm gloves&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Hygi, Telgte, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">2706</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Isoflurane</td>
			<td class="xl65">Abbot, London, UK</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">Forene</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Micro forceps 155 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BD343R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Micro scissors 120 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">FD013R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Mouse FixEx L 0.7 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">RISystem, Davos, Switzerland</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">RIS.611.300-10</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Needle case for drills&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BL911R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Needle holder</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BB078R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Octenisept</td>
			<td class="xl65">Sch&#252;lke, Norderstedt, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">121403</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Osirix software</td>
			<td class="xl65">Pixmeo SARL, Bernex, Switzerland</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">-</td>
			<td class="xl67">Version 4.0</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Oxygen, medical grade</td>
			<td class="xl65">MTI, Ulm, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">-</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Resolon 5/0</td>
			<td class="xl65">Resorba, N&#252;rnberg, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">88143</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Saline 0.9%</td>
			<td class="xl65">Braun, Melsungen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">3570350</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Scalpel handle 125 mm</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BB073R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Scissors 150 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BC006R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Sealer for autoclave packaging&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Hawo GmbH, Obrigheim, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">HM500</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Sterican 27 G&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Braun, Melsungen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">4657705</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Sterile surgical blades no. 11/15&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">BB511/515</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Surgical gloves&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Hartmann, Heidenheim, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">Peha-micron 9425712</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Surgical light&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Maquet SA, Ardon, France</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">Blue line 80</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Syringes 5 ml&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Braun, Melsungen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">Injekt 4606051V</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Tissue forceps 80 mm&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">OC091R</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Tramadol 25 mg/l</td>
			<td class="xl65">Gr&#252;nenthal, Aachen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">100mg/ml</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Vasofix Safety&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Braun, Melsungen, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">4268113S-01</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Vicryl 5-0&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Ethicon, Norderstedt, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">V30371</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21" style="height:15.75pt">
			<td class="xl65" height="21" style="height:15.75pt">Visdisic eye ointment&#160;</td>
			<td class="xl65">Bausch &#38; Lomb, Berlin, Germany</td>
			<td class="xl64" style="width:149pt" width="199">3099559</td>
			<td class="xl67"></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

in vivo evaluation of fracture callus development during bone healing in mice using an mri-compatible osteosynthesis device for the mouse femur

Endochondral frakturläkning är en komplex process som involverar utvecklingen av fibrösa, brosk och bendefekter vävnad i den fraktur förhårdnader. Mängden olika vävnader i förhårdnader ger viktig information om frakturen läka framsteg. Tillgängliga i vivo tekniker längdriktningen bevaka callus vävnad utveckling i prekliniska frakturläkning studier med små djur inkluderar digital radiografi och µCT imaging. Båda teknikerna är dock endast kunna skilja mellan mineraliserade och icke-mineraliserad vävnad. Följaktligen är det omöjligt att diskriminera brosk från fibrös vävnad. Däremot magnetisk resonanstomografi (MRT) visualiserar anatomiska strukturer som bygger på deras vattenhalt och skulle därför kunna identifiera noninvasivt mjuk vävnad och brosk i den fraktur förhårdnader. Här rapporterar vi användning av en MRI-kompatibel extern fixeringsanordning för mus lårbenet att tillåta Magnettomografi under ben förnyelse i möss. Experimenten visade att fixeringsanordning och en skräddarsydd monteringsenheten tillåter repetitiva Magnettomografi, vilket möjliggör längsgående analys av fraktur-callus vävnad utveckling.

Första kan framgången för det kirurgiska ingreppet bekräftas genom analys av de Magnettomografi (se exempel i figur 2). Alla fyra stiften ska placeras i mitten av femorala axeln. Storleken på osteotomi mellanrummet ska vara mellan 0,3-0,5 mm. Om storleken på osteotomi gapet varierar kraftigt från dessa värden, bör musen undantas från ytterligare analys.
För det andra, utvärdering av län...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about In Vivo Evaluation of Fracture Callus Development During Bone Healing in Mice Using an MRI-compatible Osteosynthesis Device for the Mouse Femur at JoVE.com

In Vivo Evaluation of Fracture Callus Development During Bone Healing in Mice Using an MRI-compatible Osteosynthesis Device for the Mouse Femur

In Vivo Utvärdering av fraktur förhårdnader utveckling under läkning hos möss med en MRI-kompatibel osteosyntes enhet för mus lårbenet

Utvärderingen av vävnad utveckling i den fraktur förhårdnader under endochondral benläkning är nödvändigt att övervaka läkningsprocessen. Här rapporterar vi användning av en magnetisk resonanstomografi (MRT)-kompatibel extern fixeringsanordning för mus lårbenet så att MRI File under ben regenerering i möss.

Endochondral fracture healing is a complex process involving the development of fibrous, cartilaginous, and osseous tissue in the fracture callus. The ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

In Vivo Evaluation of Fracture Callus Development During Bone Healing in Mice Using an MRI-compatible Osteosynthesis Device for the Mouse Femur

Longitudinal Evaluation of Mouse Hind Limb Bone Loss After Spinal Cord Injury using Novel, in vivo, Methodology

Longitudinal Evaluation of Mouse Hind Limb Bone Loss After Spinal Cord Injury using Novel, in vivo, Methodology

Längsgående Utvärdering av Mouse bakbenen benförlust efter ryggmärgsskada med Novel, In vivo, Metodik

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is often accompanied by osteoporosis in the sublesional regions of the pelvis and lower extremities, leading to a higher ...

Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind

Utveckling av en ljud-baserad virtuell spelmiljö för att bistå med kunskaper i navigering i Blind

Audio-based Environment Simulator (AbES) is virtual environment software designed to improve real world navigation skills in the blind. Using only audio ...

Sequential In vivo Imaging of Osteogenic Stem/Progenitor Cells During Fracture Repair

Sequential In vivo Imaging of Osteogenic Stem/Progenitor Cells During Fracture Repair

Sekventiell<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Imaging av Osteogena Stem / progenitorceller Under Fracture Repair

Bone turns over continuously and is highly regenerative following injury. Osteogenic stem/progenitor cells have long been hypothesized to exist, but in ...

An Improved Method for Rapid Intubation of the Trachea in Mice

En förbättrad metod för Rapid Intubation av luftstrupen hos möss

Despite some anatomical and physiological differences, mouse models continue to be an essential tool for studying human lung disease. Bleomycin toxicity ...

Depletion of Mouse Cells from Human Tumor Xenografts Significantly Improves Downstream Analysis of Target Cells

Utarmning av musceller från humana tumörxenotransplantat avsevärt förbättrar Nedströms analys av målceller

The use of in vitro cell line models for cancer research has been a useful tool. However, it has been shown that these models fail to reliably mimic ...

An Intramedullary Locking Nail for Standardized Fixation of Femur Osteotomies to Analyze Normal and Defective Bone Healing in Mice

En Märg Låsning Nail för standardiserad Fixering av lårbenet osteotomier Analysera Normal och Defekt benläkning hos möss

Bone healing models are essential to the development of new therapeutic strategies for clinical fracture treatment. Furthermore, mouse models are becoming ...

Development of a Direct Pulp-capping Model for the Evaluation of Pulpal Wound Healing and Reparative Dentin Formation in Mice

Utveckling av en direkt Pulp-tak modell för utvärdering av pulpa sårläkning och Reparativ Dentin bildning hos möss

Dental pulp is a vital organ of a tooth fully protected by enamel and dentin. When the pulp is exposed due to cariogenic or iatrogenic injuries, it is ...

An Anesthesia, Surgery, and Harvest Method for the Evaluation of Transpedicular Screws Using an In Vivo Porcine Lumbar Spine Model

An Anesthesia, Surgery, and Harvest Method for the Evaluation of Transpedicular Screws Using an In Vivo Porcine Lumbar Spine Model

En anestesi, kirurgi och skördmetod för utvärdering av transpedikulära skruvar med användning av en<em&gt; In vivo</em&gt; Porcin Lumbar Spine Model

Pedicle screw fixation is the gold standard for the treatment of spinal diseases. However, many studies have reported the issue of loosening pedicle ...

A Minimally Invasive Model to Analyze Endochondral Fracture Healing in Mice Under Standardized Biomechanical Conditions

En minimalinvasiv modell för att analysera Endochondral Fracture Healing hos möss Under standardiserade biomekaniska förhållanden

Bone healing models are necessary to analyze the complex mechanisms of fracture healing to improve clinical fracture treatment. During the last decade, an ...

The Generation of Closed Femoral Fractures in Mice: A Model to Study Bone Healing

Generering av slutna lårbensfrakturer hos möss: en modell för att studera benläkning

Bone fractures impose a tremendous socio-economic burden on patients, in addition to significantly affecting their quality of life. Therapeutic strategies ...