Name: the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy and eeg monitoring using radiotelemetry system in mice
Uploaded: 2018-02-27T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about The Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and EEG Monitoring Using Radiotelemetry System in Mice at JoVE.com

这项工作得到韩国政府 (NRF-2014R1A1A3049456) 资助的大韩民国国家研究基金会 (NRF) 的支持, 并通过韩国卫生产业发展研究所 (KHIDI) 提供了韩国卫生技术研发 & 开发项目的赠款,由大韩民国卫生部 & 福利部资助 (HI15C2854)。

所有实验程序均经韩国天主教大学道德委员会批准, 并按照国家卫生研究院的《实验室动物护理和使用指南》 (NIH 出版物80-23 号) 进行。
1. SE 感应
<ol><li>购买8周大的雄性 C57BL/6NHsd 小鼠, 并权衡每只老鼠。然后, 使用标记笔标记所有小鼠的尾巴, 以便在 SE 感应过程中容易识别。</li>
	<li>计算东莨菪碱的数量 (东莨菪碱; 2 毫克/千克), 特普他林硫酸盐 (特普他林; 2 毫克/千克), 和匹?...

<ol>
	<li>Chang, B. S., Lowenstein, D. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Epilepsy.">Epilepsy.</a> N Engl J Med. 349 (13), 1257-1266 (2003).</li><li>Scharfman, H. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+neurobiology+of+epilepsy.">The neurobiology of epilepsy.</a> Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 7 (4), 348-354 (2007).</li><li>Rakhade, S. N., Jensen, F. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Epileptogenesis+in+the+immature+brain:+emerging+mechanisms.">Epileptogenesis in the immature brain: emerging mechanisms.</a> Nat Rev Neurol. 5 (7), 380-391 (2009).</li><li>Cavalheiro, E. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+pilocarpine+model+of+epilepsy.">The pilocarpine model of epilepsy.</a> Ital J Neurol Sci. 16 (1-2), 33-37 (1995).</li><li>Curia, G., Longo, D., Biagini, G., Jones, R. S., Avoli, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+pilocarpine+model+of+temporal+lobe+epilepsy.">The pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 172 (2), 143-157 (2008).</li><li>Morimoto, K., Fahnestock, M., Racine, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Kindling+and+status+epilepticus+models+of+epilepsy:+rewiring+the+brain.">Kindling and status epilepticus models of epilepsy: rewiring the brain.</a> Prog Neurobiol. 73 (1), 1-60 (2004).</li><li>Levesque, M., Avoli, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+kainic+acid+model+of+temporal+lobe+epilepsy.">The kainic acid model of temporal lobe epilepsy.</a> Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 37 (10), 2887-2899 (2013).</li><li>Sharma, A. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mesial+temporal+lobe+epilepsy:+pathogenesis,+induced+rodent+models+and+lesions.">Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: pathogenesis, induced rodent models and lesions.</a> Toxicol Pathol. 35 (7), 984-999 (2007).</li><li>Hellier, J. L., Dudek, F. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemoconvulsant+model+of+chronic+spontaneous+seizures.">Chemoconvulsant model of chronic spontaneous seizures.</a> Curr Protoc Neurosci. 9, 19 (2005).</li><li>Pitkanen, A., Lukasiuk, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+and+cellular+basis+of+epileptogenesis+in+symptomatic+epilepsy.">Molecular and cellular basis of epileptogenesis in symptomatic epilepsy.</a> Epilepsy Behav. 14, 16-25 (2009).</li><li>Mathern, G. W., Adelson, P. D., Cahan, L. D., Leite, J. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hippocampal+neuron+damage+in+human+epilepsy:+Meyer's+hypothesis+revisited.">Hippocampal neuron damage in human epilepsy: Meyer's hypothesis revisited.</a> Prog Brain Res. 135, 237-251 (2002).</li><li>Turski, W. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Limbic+seizures+produced+by+pilocarpine+in+rats:+behavioural,+electroencephalographic+and+neuropathological+study.">Limbic seizures produced by pilocarpine in rats: behavioural, electroencephalographic and neuropathological study.</a> Behav Brain Res. 9 (3), 315-335 (1983).</li><li>Brulet, R., Zhu, J., Aktar, M., Hsieh, J., Cho, K. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mice+with+conditional+NeuroD1+knockout+display+reduced+aberrant+hippocampal+neurogenesis+but+no+change+in+epileptic+seizures.">Mice with conditional NeuroD1 knockout display reduced aberrant hippocampal neurogenesis but no change in epileptic seizures.</a> Exp Neurol. 293, 190-198 (2017).</li><li>Cho, K. O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aberrant+hippocampal+neurogenesis+contributes+to+epilepsy+and+associated+cognitive+decline.">Aberrant hippocampal neurogenesis contributes to epilepsy and associated cognitive decline.</a> Nat Commun. 6, 6606 (2015).</li><li>Cavalheiro, E. A., Santos, N. F., Priel, M. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+pilocarpine+model+of+epilepsy+in+mice.">The pilocarpine model of epilepsy in mice.</a> Epilepsia. 37 (10), 1015-1019 (1996).</li><li>Racine, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modification+of+seizure+activity+by+electrical+stimulation.+II.+Motor+seizure.">Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation. II. Motor seizure.</a> Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 32 (3), 281-294 (1972).</li><li>Hester, M. S., Danzer, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Accumulation+of+abnormal+adult-generated+hippocampal+granule+cells+predicts+seizure+frequency+and+severity.">Accumulation of abnormal adult-generated hippocampal granule cells predicts seizure frequency and severity.</a> J Neurosci. 33 (21), 8926-8936 (2013).</li><li>Shibley, H., Smith, B. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pilocarpine-induced+status+epilepticus+results+in+mossy+fiber+sprouting+and+spontaneous+seizures+in+C57BL/6+and+CD-1+mice.">Pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus results in mossy fiber sprouting and spontaneous seizures in C57BL/6 and CD-1 mice.</a> Epilepsy Research. 49 (2), 109-120 (2002).</li><li>Borges, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neuronal+and+glial+pathological+changes+during+epileptogenesis+in+the+mouse+pilocarpine+model.">Neuronal and glial pathological changes during epileptogenesis in the mouse pilocarpine model.</a> Exp Neurol. 182 (1), 21-34 (2003).</li><li>Pavlova, M. K., Shea, S. A., Bromfield, E. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Day/night+patterns+of+focal+seizures.">Day/night patterns of focal seizures.</a> Epilepsy Behav. 5 (1), 44-49 (2004).</li></ol>

这项工作描述了 SE 诱导和评估慢性癫痫的实验程序。
有几个因素会影响成功的 SE 诱导。根据拉辛尺度进行精确的行为监测对 SRS 的发展至关重要。头点头, 前肢阵挛, 饲养和下降是急性发作的行为特征发展到 SE 阶段 4, 16.一旦检测到第一次癫痫发作, 在进入 SE 之前, 后痉挛性癫痫发作间隔的时间长度会减少。此外, SE 应保持至少6小时...

癫痫是最常见的获取的1之一。患有癫痫的人由于大脑中异常的神经元活动而经常发作, 如2,3。鉴于这一问题往往难以解决, 因此了解癫痫发展的基本机制至关重要。
可以概括人类的关键特征的动物模型可以更好地了解人体病理生理学, 使我们能够很容易地监测和操作负反馈中的关键因素。其中, chemoconvulsants 诱导 SE 已被广泛使用4,5。不像其他癫痫模型, 如电刺激显示没有海马硬化和强健的 SRS6,7,8, 系统注射 chemoconvulsants 可以模仿人类的临床发病机制,即、初始脑损伤、潜伏期和慢性癫痫阶段, 表现为 SRS5、9、10。因此, 这项技术可以用于解释急性脑损伤、负反馈或癫痫发作机制的各种研究。此外, chemoconvulsants 引起的组织病理学改变类似于人类所看到的, 提供了一个额外的理由使用的啮齿动物模型10,11,12。值得注意的是, 包括海马的结构损伤在海仁酸和匹属的硒模型中一直被重现。然而, 与海仁酸注射液相比, 该模型能在小鼠体内产生更强的 SRS, 在考虑到转基因小鼠线的广泛可用性时, 可以为研究慢性癫痫提供相当大的优势5,13,14,15. 此外, 在使用海仁酸模型后, 在匹比注射后的检出进展通常更快, 这为有效利用匹属的癫痫模型提供了更多的证据。
在这里, 我们演示了一种诱导硒的方法, 通过 ip 注射的匹比和视频和脑电图监测的慢性癫痫。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:829px;" width="829">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:189px;">C57BL/6</td>
			<td style="width:233px;">Envigo</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">C57BL/6NHsd</td>
			<td style="width:232px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Scopolamine methyl nitrate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S2250</td>
			<td>Make 10X stock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Terbutaline hemisulfate salt</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T2528</td>
			<td>Make 10X stock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Pilocarpine hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P6503</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Intensive care unit</td>
			<td>Daejong instrument industry Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>28~30&#8451;&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Ketamine hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Yuhan corporation</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Xylazine hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Bayer Korea</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Diazepam</td>
			<td>SAMJIN</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Castor oil (Kolliphor EL)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>C5135</td>
			<td>Polyoxyl 35 hydrogenated castor oil</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Saline</td>
			<td>Daihan pharm. Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">5% Dextrose</td>
			<td>Daihan pharm. Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Iodine solution (Povidin)</td>
			<td>Firson</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">vet ointment (Terramycin)</td>
			<td>Pfizer</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Blue Nylon</td>
			<td>AILEE</td>
			<td>NB617</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Mupirocin (Bearoban)</td>
			<td>Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Ketoprofen</td>
			<td>Samchundang Pharm. Co., Ltd</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>5 mg/kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Gentamicin</td>
			<td>Huons, Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>5 mg/kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">1 mL syringe</td>
			<td>Sung shim medial Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">26 guage needle</td>
			<td>Sung shim medial Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>26 G * 13 mm (1/2&#34;)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">30 guage needle</td>
			<td>Sung shim medial Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>30 G * 13 mm (1/2&#34;)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Razor blade</td>
			<td>Dorco</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Drill</td>
			<td>Saeshin precision Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>207A, 35K (speed)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Telemetry video/EEG system</td>
			<td>Data sciences International. Inc.</td>
			<td>Version 5.20-SP6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Implantable transmitter</td>
			<td>Data sciences International. Inc.</td>
			<td>ETA-F10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Screw</td>
			<td>Sungho Steel</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>M1.4, 2 mm length stainless steel</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Vertex dental material&#160;</td>
			<td>Dentimex</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Acetone</td>
			<td>Duksan pure chemicals Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>CAS 67-64-1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Paraformaldehyde (PFA)</td>
			<td>millipore</td>
			<td>1.04005.1000</td>
			<td>4 %&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Sucrose</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S9378</td>
			<td>30 % solution in 0.01 M PBS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Cresyl violet acetate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>C5042</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Ethanol</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore Co.</td>
			<td>UN1170</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">xylene</td>
			<td>Duksan pure chemicals Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>UN1307</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Acetic acid glacial</td>
			<td>Junsei chemical</td>
			<td>31010-0350</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">FSC33 Clear&#160;</td>
			<td>Leica biosystems</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>OCT compound for tissue freezing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">DPX Mounting for histology</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>6522</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Forceps</td>
			<td>Fine science tools</td>
			<td>11002-12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Scissors</td>
			<td>Solco biomedical</td>
			<td>02-2445</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="38">
			<td height="38" style="height:38px;">Stereotaxic frame</td>
			<td>David Kopf Instruments</td>
			<td>E51070012</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy and eeg monitoring using radiotelemetry system in mice

颞叶癫痫是成人常见的神经系统疾病。对于慢性癫痫的翻译研究, 匹特诱发的癫痫持续状态 (SE) 经常被选择来重述自发性复发性癫痫 (SRS)。在这里, 我们提出了一个通过腹腔 (ip) 注射的匹属和监测在活体动物慢性复发性惊厥使用无线遥测视频和脑电图系统。我们表现出显著的行为变化, 需要注意后, 匹凡和与海马神经元丢失的关系, 在7天和6周后的匹。我们还描述了视频和脑电图记录电极植入的实验过程, 分析了慢性复发性癫痫的频率和持续时间。最后, 我们讨论了在每种情况下未能实现预期结果的可能原因。这为小鼠慢性癫痫模型的建模和诊断指南提供了基本的概述。我们认为, 该议定书可以作为一个基线, 为适当的模型慢性癫痫和负反馈。

成功的 SE 可以诱发海马细胞死亡和 SRS (图 1和图 2)。在 SE 发病后3小时, 我们终止了西泮注射液的行为性急性发作, 并在7天或6周后对小鼠进行了牺牲。
对于视频脑电图监测, 小鼠接受植入术后4周 se, 和 SRS 病例评估2周后5-7 周的 se 发病。
...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about The Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and EEG Monitoring Using Radiotelemetry System in Mice at JoVE.com

The Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and EEG Monitoring Using Radiotelemetry System in Mice

这篇手稿描述了一种方法, 以诱发癫痫持续状态的系统的匹里注射和监测自发复发性癫痫活动物使用无线遥测视频和脑电图系统。本协议可用于研究慢性癫痫、负反馈和急性发作的病理生理机制。

小鼠颞叶癫痫的 Radiotelemetry 模型及脑电图监测

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common neurological disorder in adulthood. For translational studies of chronic epilepsy, pilocarpine-induced status ...

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Medicine

Implantation of Radiotelemetry Transmitters Yielding Data on ECG, Heart Rate, Core Body Temperature and Activity in Free-moving Laboratory Mice

植入的无线电遥测发射器产生心电图，心率，身体核心温度和自由移动的实验室小鼠的活动上的数据

The laboratory mouse is the animal species of choice for most biomedical research, in both the academic sphere and the pharmaceutical industry. Mice are a ...

科研

医学

Optimized System for Cerebral Perfusion Monitoring in the Rat Stroke Model of Intraluminal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

优化系统的脑灌注监测在中风模型大鼠的大脑中动脉闭塞腔内

The translational potential of pre-clinical stroke research depends on the accuracy of experimental modeling. Cerebral perfusion monitoring in animal ...

Endotracheal Intubation in Mice via Direct Laryngoscopy Using an Otoscope

Endotracheal Intubation in Mice via Direct Laryngoscopy Using an Otoscope

气管插管小鼠<em&gt;通过</em&gt;直接喉镜使用耳镜

Mice, both wildtype and transgenic, are the principal mammalian model in biomedical research currently. Intubation and mechanical ventilation are ...

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

使用功能性磁共振成像连接在颞叶癫痫默认模式网络的网络分析

Functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI) is an fMRI method that examines the connectivity of different brain areas based on the correlation of BOLD signal ...

Monitoring of Systemic and Hepatic Hemodynamic Parameters in Mice

全身及肝脏血流动力学参数的监测小鼠

The use of mouse models in experimental research is of enormous importance for the study of hepatic physiology and pathophysiological disturbances. ...

Brain Source Imaging in Preclinical Rat Models of Focal Epilepsy using High-Resolution EEG Recordings

采用高分辨率脑电图记录脑源成像局灶性癫痫的临床前模型大鼠

Electroencephalogram (EEG) has been traditionally used to determine which brain regions are the most likely candidates for resection in patients with ...

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

在耐药性颞叶癫痫患者卵圆孔电极记录的网络分析

Approximately 30% of epilepsy patients are refractory to antiepileptic drugs. In these cases, surgery is the only alternative to eliminate/control ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

用线 Myography 测定小鼠肠系膜动脉的等轴收缩力

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...

Induction and Characterization of Pulmonary Hypertension in Mice using the Hypoxia/SU5416 Model

使用缺氧/SU5416模型对小鼠的肺高血压进行诱导和特征

Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological condition, defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure exceeding 25 mm Hg at rest, as assessed by ...

Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm

使用主观视觉垂直范式对卷平面中的静态视觉感知的评估

Vestibular disorders are among the most common syndromes in medicine. In recent years, new vestibular diagnostic systems have been introduced that allow ...