Name: the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy and eeg monitoring using radiotelemetry system in mice
Uploaded: 2018-02-27T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about The Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and EEG Monitoring Using Radiotelemetry System in Mice at JoVE.com

Dette arbejde blev støttet af den nationale forskning fundament af Korea (NRF) tilskud finansieret af den koreanske regering (NRF-2014R1A1A3049456) og et tilskud fra Korea sundhed Technology R & D projekt gennem Korea sundhed industri udvikling Institute (KHIDI), finansieret af Ministeriet for Sundhed & velfærd, Republikken Korea (HI15C2854).

Alle eksperimentelle procedurer blev godkendt af den etiske komité i den katolske universitet Korea og blev gennemført i overensstemmelse med de nationale institutter sundhed Guide til pleje og anvendelse af forsøgsdyr (NIH publikationer No. 80-23).
1. SE induktion
<ol><li>Køb 8-uge-forhenværende mandlige C57BL/6NHsd mus og vejer hver mus. Brug derefter en tusch for at markere haler af alle mus til deres nem identifikation under SE induktion.</li>
	<li>Beregning af Scopolamin methylbrom...

<ol>
	<li>Chang, B. S., Lowenstein, D. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Epilepsy.">Epilepsy.</a> N Engl J Med. 349 (13), 1257-1266 (2003).</li><li>Scharfman, H. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+neurobiology+of+epilepsy.">The neurobiology of epilepsy.</a> Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 7 (4), 348-354 (2007).</li><li>Rakhade, S. N., Jensen, F. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Epileptogenesis+in+the+immature+brain:+emerging+mechanisms.">Epileptogenesis in the immature brain: emerging mechanisms.</a> Nat Rev Neurol. 5 (7), 380-391 (2009).</li><li>Cavalheiro, E. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+pilocarpine+model+of+epilepsy.">The pilocarpine model of epilepsy.</a> Ital J Neurol Sci. 16 (1-2), 33-37 (1995).</li><li>Curia, G., Longo, D., Biagini, G., Jones, R. S., Avoli, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+pilocarpine+model+of+temporal+lobe+epilepsy.">The pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 172 (2), 143-157 (2008).</li><li>Morimoto, K., Fahnestock, M., Racine, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Kindling+and+status+epilepticus+models+of+epilepsy:+rewiring+the+brain.">Kindling and status epilepticus models of epilepsy: rewiring the brain.</a> Prog Neurobiol. 73 (1), 1-60 (2004).</li><li>Levesque, M., Avoli, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+kainic+acid+model+of+temporal+lobe+epilepsy.">The kainic acid model of temporal lobe epilepsy.</a> Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 37 (10), 2887-2899 (2013).</li><li>Sharma, A. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mesial+temporal+lobe+epilepsy:+pathogenesis,+induced+rodent+models+and+lesions.">Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: pathogenesis, induced rodent models and lesions.</a> Toxicol Pathol. 35 (7), 984-999 (2007).</li><li>Hellier, J. L., Dudek, F. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemoconvulsant+model+of+chronic+spontaneous+seizures.">Chemoconvulsant model of chronic spontaneous seizures.</a> Curr Protoc Neurosci. 9, 19 (2005).</li><li>Pitkanen, A., Lukasiuk, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+and+cellular+basis+of+epileptogenesis+in+symptomatic+epilepsy.">Molecular and cellular basis of epileptogenesis in symptomatic epilepsy.</a> Epilepsy Behav. 14, 16-25 (2009).</li><li>Mathern, G. W., Adelson, P. D., Cahan, L. D., Leite, J. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hippocampal+neuron+damage+in+human+epilepsy:+Meyer's+hypothesis+revisited.">Hippocampal neuron damage in human epilepsy: Meyer's hypothesis revisited.</a> Prog Brain Res. 135, 237-251 (2002).</li><li>Turski, W. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Limbic+seizures+produced+by+pilocarpine+in+rats:+behavioural,+electroencephalographic+and+neuropathological+study.">Limbic seizures produced by pilocarpine in rats: behavioural, electroencephalographic and neuropathological study.</a> Behav Brain Res. 9 (3), 315-335 (1983).</li><li>Brulet, R., Zhu, J., Aktar, M., Hsieh, J., Cho, K. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mice+with+conditional+NeuroD1+knockout+display+reduced+aberrant+hippocampal+neurogenesis+but+no+change+in+epileptic+seizures.">Mice with conditional NeuroD1 knockout display reduced aberrant hippocampal neurogenesis but no change in epileptic seizures.</a> Exp Neurol. 293, 190-198 (2017).</li><li>Cho, K. O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Aberrant+hippocampal+neurogenesis+contributes+to+epilepsy+and+associated+cognitive+decline.">Aberrant hippocampal neurogenesis contributes to epilepsy and associated cognitive decline.</a> Nat Commun. 6, 6606 (2015).</li><li>Cavalheiro, E. A., Santos, N. F., Priel, M. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+pilocarpine+model+of+epilepsy+in+mice.">The pilocarpine model of epilepsy in mice.</a> Epilepsia. 37 (10), 1015-1019 (1996).</li><li>Racine, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Modification+of+seizure+activity+by+electrical+stimulation.+II.+Motor+seizure.">Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation. II. Motor seizure.</a> Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 32 (3), 281-294 (1972).</li><li>Hester, M. S., Danzer, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Accumulation+of+abnormal+adult-generated+hippocampal+granule+cells+predicts+seizure+frequency+and+severity.">Accumulation of abnormal adult-generated hippocampal granule cells predicts seizure frequency and severity.</a> J Neurosci. 33 (21), 8926-8936 (2013).</li><li>Shibley, H., Smith, B. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pilocarpine-induced+status+epilepticus+results+in+mossy+fiber+sprouting+and+spontaneous+seizures+in+C57BL/6+and+CD-1+mice.">Pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus results in mossy fiber sprouting and spontaneous seizures in C57BL/6 and CD-1 mice.</a> Epilepsy Research. 49 (2), 109-120 (2002).</li><li>Borges, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neuronal+and+glial+pathological+changes+during+epileptogenesis+in+the+mouse+pilocarpine+model.">Neuronal and glial pathological changes during epileptogenesis in the mouse pilocarpine model.</a> Exp Neurol. 182 (1), 21-34 (2003).</li><li>Pavlova, M. K., Shea, S. A., Bromfield, E. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Day/night+patterns+of+focal+seizures.">Day/night patterns of focal seizures.</a> Epilepsy Behav. 5 (1), 44-49 (2004).</li></ol>

Dette arbejde beskriver de eksperimentelle procedurer for SE induktion og evalueringen af kronisk anfald.
Flere faktorer kan påvirke vellykket SE induktion. Nøjagtig adfærdsmæssige kontrol i henhold til Racine scale er afgørende for udviklingen af SRS. Hovedet nikkende, forelimb clonus, opdræt, og falder er adfærdsmæssige kendetegnende for akut anfald udvikle ind SE fase4,16. Når den første motor beslaglæggelse er registrere...

TLE er en af de mest almindelige erhvervede epilepsies1. Mennesker med epilepsi oplever tilbagevendende anfald forårsaget af unormal neuronal aktiviteter i hjernen2,3. TLE er ofte vanskelige, er det vigtigt at forstå de grundlæggende mekanismer bag udvikling af epilepsi.
Dyremodeller, der kan sammenfatte de vigtigste karakteristika af menneskelige TLE kan tilbyde bedre forståelse af TLE Patofysiologi, så vi kan let overvåge og manipulere kritiske faktorer i epileptogenesis. Blandt dem, har chemoconvulsants-induceret SE været udbredte4,5. I modsætning til andre epilepsi modeller, såsom elektrisk stimulation, som viser ingen hippocampus sklerose og robust SRS6,7,8, kan systemisk injektion af chemoconvulsants efterligne kliniske patogenesen af menneskelige TLE, dvs., indledende hjerneskade, en latent periode og en kronisk epileptisk stage manifestere SRS5,9,10. Derfor, denne teknik kan udnyttes i forskellige undersøgelser forklare mekanismerne for akutte skader på hjernen, epileptogenesis eller beslaglæggelse undertrykkelse. Derudover er histopatologiske forandringer forårsaget af chemoconvulsants magen til dem, der ses i menneskelige TLE, at give en yderligere begrundelse for brug af TLE gnavere modeller10,11,12. Navnlig, har strukturelle skader der involverer hippocampus været konsekvent gengivet i begge kainic syre - og pilocarpin-induceret SE modeller. Men sammenlignet med kainic syre injektion, pilocarpin model kan producere mere robuste SRS i mus, der kan give betydelige fordele for at studere kronisk epilepsi, når man overvejer den bred tilgængelighed af Transgene mus linjer5, 13 , 14 , 15. Endvidere beslaglæggelse progression efter pilocarpin injektion er generelt hurtigere end i modellens kainic syre giver yderligere beviser for effektiv brug af en pilocarpin model af epilepsi.
Her, viser vi en metode af inducerende SE ved i.p. injektion af pilocarpin og ved at udføre video og EEG overvågning i kronisk epilepsi.

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		<col />
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			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:189px;">C57BL/6</td>
			<td style="width:233px;">Envigo</td>
			<td style="width:175px;">C57BL/6NHsd</td>
			<td style="width:232px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Scopolamine methyl nitrate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S2250</td>
			<td>Make 10X stock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Terbutaline hemisulfate salt</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T2528</td>
			<td>Make 10X stock</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Pilocarpine hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P6503</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Intensive care unit</td>
			<td>Daejong instrument industry Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>28~30&#8451;&#160;</td>
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		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Ketamine hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Yuhan corporation</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Xylazine hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Bayer Korea</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Diazepam</td>
			<td>SAMJIN</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Castor oil (Kolliphor EL)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>C5135</td>
			<td>Polyoxyl 35 hydrogenated castor oil</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Saline</td>
			<td>Daihan pharm. Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">5% Dextrose</td>
			<td>Daihan pharm. Co.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Iodine solution (Povidin)</td>
			<td>Firson</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">vet ointment (Terramycin)</td>
			<td>Pfizer</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Blue Nylon</td>
			<td>AILEE</td>
			<td>NB617</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Mupirocin (Bearoban)</td>
			<td>Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Ketoprofen</td>
			<td>Samchundang Pharm. Co., Ltd</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>5 mg/kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Gentamicin</td>
			<td>Huons, Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>5 mg/kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">1 mL syringe</td>
			<td>Sung shim medial Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">26 guage needle</td>
			<td>Sung shim medial Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>26 G * 13 mm (1/2&#34;)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">30 guage needle</td>
			<td>Sung shim medial Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>30 G * 13 mm (1/2&#34;)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Razor blade</td>
			<td>Dorco</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Drill</td>
			<td>Saeshin precision Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>207A, 35K (speed)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Telemetry video/EEG system</td>
			<td>Data sciences International. Inc.</td>
			<td>Version 5.20-SP6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Implantable transmitter</td>
			<td>Data sciences International. Inc.</td>
			<td>ETA-F10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Screw</td>
			<td>Sungho Steel</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>M1.4, 2 mm length stainless steel</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Vertex dental material&#160;</td>
			<td>Dentimex</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Acetone</td>
			<td>Duksan pure chemicals Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>CAS 67-64-1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Paraformaldehyde (PFA)</td>
			<td>millipore</td>
			<td>1.04005.1000</td>
			<td>4 %&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Sucrose</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S9378</td>
			<td>30 % solution in 0.01 M PBS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Cresyl violet acetate</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>C5042</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Ethanol</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore Co.</td>
			<td>UN1170</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">xylene</td>
			<td>Duksan pure chemicals Co., Ltd.</td>
			<td>UN1307</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Acetic acid glacial</td>
			<td>Junsei chemical</td>
			<td>31010-0350</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">FSC33 Clear&#160;</td>
			<td>Leica biosystems</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>OCT compound for tissue freezing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">DPX Mounting for histology</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>6522</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Forceps</td>
			<td>Fine science tools</td>
			<td>11002-12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Scissors</td>
			<td>Solco biomedical</td>
			<td>02-2445</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="38">
			<td height="38" style="height:38px;">Stereotaxic frame</td>
			<td>David Kopf Instruments</td>
			<td>E51070012</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
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the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy and eeg monitoring using radiotelemetry system in mice

FLE (TLE) er en fælles neurologisk lidelse i voksenalderen. For Translationel undersøgelser af kronisk epilepsi, er pilocarpin-induceret status epilepticus (SE) ofte valgt at sammenfatte spontan tilbagevendende anfald (SRS). Her præsenterer vi en protokol af SE induktion af intraperitoneal (i.p.) injektion af pilocarpin og overvågning af kronisk tilbagevendende anfald hos levende dyr brug af en trådløs telemetri video og elektroencefalografi (EEG) system. Vi viste bemærkelsesværdige adfærdsmæssige ændringer, der kræver opmærksomhed efter pilocarpin injektion og deres sammenhæng med hippocampus neuronal tab på 7 dage og 6 uger efter pilocarpin. Vi beskriver også de eksperimentelle procedurer af elektrode implantation til video og EEG registrering og analyse af hyppigheden og varigheden af kronisk tilbagevendende anfald. Endelig vil diskutere vi de mulige årsager hvorfor de forventede resultater ikke opnås i hvert enkelt tilfælde. Dette giver en grundlæggende oversigt over modellering kronisk epilepsi i mus og retningslinjer for fejlfinding. Vi mener, at denne protokol kan tjene som en baseline for passende modeller af kronisk epilepsi og epileptogenesis.

Vellykket SE kan fremkalde hippocampus celledød og SRS (figur 1 og figur 2). Vi afsluttede adfærdsmæssige akut anfald af diazepam injektion på 3 h efter SE debut og ofret mus 7 dage eller 6 uger senere.
Video-EEG overvågning, musene modtaget Brystimplantatregistrering surgery 4 uger efter SE og SRS tilfælde blev vurderet til 2 uger fra 5-7 uger efter SE udbrud.</p...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about The Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and EEG Monitoring Using Radiotelemetry System in Mice at JoVE.com

The Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and EEG Monitoring Using Radiotelemetry System in Mice

Dette manuskript beskriver en metode af inducerende status epilepticus ved systemisk pilocarpin injektion og overvågning spontan tilbagevendende anfald hos levende dyr brug af en trådløs telemetri video og elektroencefalografi system. Denne protokol kan udnyttes til at studere de patofysiologiske mekanismer for kronisk epilepsi, epileptogenesis og akut anfald.

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Mice, both wildtype and transgenic, are the principal mammalian model in biomedical research currently. Intubation and mechanical ventilation are ...

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Netværk Analyse af standardtilstanden netværk ved hjælp af Funktionel Connectivity MRI ved FLE

Functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI) is an fMRI method that examines the connectivity of different brain areas based on the correlation of BOLD signal ...

Monitoring of Systemic and Hepatic Hemodynamic Parameters in Mice

Overvågning af systemiske og Nedsat hæmodynamiske parametre i mus

The use of mouse models in experimental research is of enormous importance for the study of hepatic physiology and pathophysiological disturbances. ...

Brain Source Imaging in Preclinical Rat Models of Focal Epilepsy using High-Resolution EEG Recordings

Brain Kilde Imaging i Prækliniske Rat modeller af Focal Epilepsi hjælp High-Resolution EEG optagelser

Electroencephalogram (EEG) has been traditionally used to determine which brain regions are the most likely candidates for resection in patients with ...

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

Netværk Analyse af foramen ovale elektrode Optagelser i Drug-resistent TLE Patienter

Approximately 30% of epilepsy patients are refractory to antiepileptic drugs. In these cases, surgery is the only alternative to eliminate/control ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

Isometrisk kontraktilitet måling af musen mesenterica arterie ved hjælp af Wire blodkar

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...

Induction and Characterization of Pulmonary Hypertension in Mice using the Hypoxia/SU5416 Model

Induktion og karakterisering af pulmonal hypertension hos mus ved hjælp af Hypoxi/SU5416-modellen

Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological condition, defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure exceeding 25 mm Hg at rest, as assessed by ...

Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm

Vurdering af statisk graviceptive perception i Roll-Plane ved hjælp af subjektive Visuelle Lodret Paradigm

Vestibular disorders are among the most common syndromes in medicine. In recent years, new vestibular diagnostic systems have been introduced that allow ...