Name: preparing fresh retinal slices from adult zebrafish for ex vivo imaging experiments
Uploaded: 2018-05-09T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparing Fresh Retinal Slices from Adult Zebrafish for Ex Vivo Imaging Experiments at JoVE.com

Vi takker Ralph Nelson og Daniel Possin for gjennomtenkte veiledning mens utvikle denne protokollen, og Eva Ma, Ashley George og Gail Stanton for generering av stabil transgene sebrafisk linjer. Arbeidet ble støttet av NSF GRFP 2013158531 til M.G., NIH NEI 5T32EY007031 W.C. og M.G., og EY026020 J.H. og SB

Alle dyreforsøk ble godkjent av University of Washington institusjonelle Animal Care og bruk komiteen.
1. klargjør dyr og utstyr
Merk: Netthinnens pigment epitel (RPE) er en mørk ark av vevet rundt utsiden av netthinnen med pigmentering kan skjule netthinnen funksjoner og skade vevet når AC confocal imaging ex vivo. I mørket, er RPE av sebrafisk trukket fra netthinnen; mørk tilpasse fisk å lette fremtidig fjerning av RPE fra netthinnen før slicing og ...

<ol>
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(76), e50007 (2013).</li><li>Connaughton, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Zebrafish+retinal+slice+preparation.">Zebrafish retinal slice preparation.</a> Meth. Cell Sci. 25 (1/2), 49-58 (2003).</li><li>Kennedy, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+a+zebrafish+cone+photoreceptor-specific+promoter+and+genetic+rescue+of+achromatopsia+in+the+nof+mutant.">Identification of a zebrafish cone photoreceptor-specific promoter and genetic rescue of achromatopsia in the nof mutant.</a> Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 48 (2), 522-529 (2007).</li><li>George, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synaptojanin+1+is+required+for+endolysosomal+trafficking+of+synaptic+proteins+in+cone+photoreceptor+inner+segments.">Synaptojanin 1 is required for endolysosomal trafficking of synaptic proteins in cone photoreceptor inner segments.</a> PLoS ONE. 9 (1), e84394 (2014).</li><li>Shin, J., Chen, J., Solnica-Krezel, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+homologous+recombination-mediated+genome+engineering+in+zebrafish+using+TALE+nucleases.">Efficient homologous recombination-mediated genome engineering in zebrafish using TALE nucleases.</a> Development. 141 (19), 3807-3818 (2014).</li><li>Giarmarco, M., Lindsay, K., Du, J., Cleghorn, W., Brockerhoff, S., Hurley, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Imaging+Real-time+Glucose+Uptake+Reveals+Distinct+Transport+Among+Cell+Types.">Imaging Real-time Glucose Uptake Reveals Distinct Transport Among Cell Types.</a> Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. , (2015).</li><li>Kanow, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biochemical+adaptations+of+the+retina+and+retinal+pigment+epithelium+support+a+metabolic+ecosystem+in+the+vertebrate+eye.">Biochemical adaptations of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium support a metabolic ecosystem in the vertebrate eye.</a> eLife. 6, (2017).</li><li>Giarmarco, M., Cleghorn, W., Sloat, S., Hurley, J., Brockerhoff, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mitochondria+Maintain+Distinct+Ca2++Pools+in+Cone+Photoreceptors.">Mitochondria Maintain Distinct Ca2+ Pools in Cone Photoreceptors.</a> J. 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Ex vivo imaging av fersk sebrafisk retinal skiver har vist seg for å være et allsidig verktøy for å studere photoreceptor biologi20,21,22og er unik i at det muliggjør analyse av enkeltceller i en moden, fullt differensiert netthinnen. Med praksis er det mulig å utføre flere eksperimenter med vev fra en enkelt fisk, selv med føljetong skiver fra samme del av netthinnen. I tillegg utfordringer og forslag om utarbe...

Sebrafisk (Danio rerio) har blitt mye brukt i medisinske og grunnleggende forskning1, på grunn av dens liten størrelse, rask utvikling og virveldyr organsystemer. Naturlig gjennomsiktighet sebrafisk Larvene kombinert med etablerte metoder for transgenesis har aktivert detaljert visualisering av cellulære prosesser i en levende dyr. En rekke genetisk kodet fluorescerende biosensors har blitt målrettet til bestemte sebrafisk celler å oppdage Ca2 + 2, hydrogenperoksid3, apoptotisk aktivisering4 og ATP5.
I vivo avbilding av sebrafisk Larvene har ført til gjennombrudd innen nevrovitenskap, inkludert tilordning av hjernen krets6 og narkotika utvikling for sentrale nervesystemet lidelser7. Sebrafisk er godt egnet for visjon forskning fordi deres Netthinne har laminær struktur og Nevron typer høyere virveldyr, og de viser robust visuelle atferd8,9. Flere typer retinal degenerations analoge til menneskelig sykdom er modellert vellykket og studerte i sebrafisk10,11, inkludert live bildebehandling av personlige fotoreseptorer degenereres i en netthinnen2, 12.
Mens i vivo larver sebrafisk bildebehandling er et verdifullt verktøy, blir det mer utfordrende som fisk vokse og utvikle pigmentering, og noen farmakologiske behandlinger kan ikke trenge gjennom en hel dyr. Videre, endre visse cellulære prosesser med utvikling og alder, gjør senere tidspunkt kritisk for forståelse funksjon og progresjon av sykdommen i voksen dyr. Biokjemiske metoder som immunoblot, quantitiative PCR, O2 forbruk og metabolomic analyser kan gi viktige ledetråder om biologi av netthinnen som helhet, men det er vanskelig å skjelne bidrag av individuelle celletyper påvirket av sykdom. Imaging isolert netthinnen vev ex vivo utenom disse problemene, og mens imaging flatt montert Netthinne gir utsikt over den ytre Netthinne13, dypere indre retinal funksjoner er skjult. Tverrgående retinal skiver, som de presenterte i fast immunohistochemical analyser, aktiverer et klart syn på alle lag og celletyper men tilbyr bare ett bilde dynamisk prosessene i normal funksjon og sykdom.
Her presenterer vi en metode for å generere ex vivo tverrgående retinal skiver fra voksne sebrafisk for bildebehandling. Det ligner på metoder for å forberede amfibier og sebrafisk retinal skiver for elektrofysiologiske og morfologiske studier14,15, med viktige Modifikasjoner for tidsforløp imaging ex vivo bruker AC confocal mikroskopi. Fluorescens svar biosensors eller fargestoffer i skiver overvåkes i sanntid med AC confocal mikroskop samtidig farmakologiske midler å bruke perfusjon. Mens metoden ble utviklet for imaging fotoreseptorer, kan det være mulig å bruke det for å visualisere Müller celler, bipolar celler, vannrette celler, amacrine celler eller retinal ganglieceller med passende fluorescerende indikatorer. I tillegg kan skiver lastet med fluorescerende celle-permeable fargestoffer rapporten celle levedyktighet, vesicula transport, mitokondrie funksjon eller redox tilstand. Dette allsidige preparatet kan visualisering av en rekke subcellular prosesser gjennom netthinnen, inkludert Ca2 + dynamikk, signaltransduksjon og metabolske tilstand.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1153">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:332px;">zebrafish</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Univeristy of Washington South Lake Union Aquatics Facility</td>
			<td style="width:181px;"></td>
			<td style="width:401px;">stocks maintained in-house as stable transgenic lines</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">petroleum jelly</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">19-090-843</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for petroleum jelly syringe</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">3-mL slip tip syringe</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">14-823-436</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for petroleum jelly syringe</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">20g 3.8 cm slip tip needle</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">14-826-5B</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for petroleum jelly syringe</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">plain 7 cm X 2.5 cm microscope slide</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">12-550-A3</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for eyecup dissection, slicing chamber</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">Seche Vite clear nail polish</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Amazon</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">B00150LT40</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for slicing chamber</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">18 mm X 18 mm #1 glass coverslips</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>12-542A</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for imaging ladders</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">unflavored dental wax</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Amazon</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">B01K8WNL5A</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for imaging ladders</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">double edge razor blades</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Stoelting</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">51427</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for tissue slicing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">tissue slicer with digital micrometer</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Stoelting</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">51415</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for tissue slicing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:332px;">filter paper - white gridded mixed cellulose, 13 mm diameter, 0.45 &#181;m pore size</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">EMD Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">HAWG01300</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">filter paper for mounting retinas</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">10 cm petri dish</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">FB0875712</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for fish euthanasia, dissection, imaging ladder assembly</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">15 cm plain-tipped wood applicator stick</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">23-400-112</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for wire eye loop tool</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">30g (0.25 mm diameter) tungsten wire</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">AA10408G6</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for wire eye loop tool</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">D-glucose</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">G8270</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of supplement stock solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">sodium L-lactate</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">L7022</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of supplement stock solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">sodium pyruvate</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">P2256</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of supplement stock solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">L-glutamine</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">G3126</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of supplement stock solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">&#160;L-glutathione, reduced</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">G4251</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of supplement stock solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">L-ascorbic acid</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">A5960</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of supplement stock solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">NaCl</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">S7653</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">KCl</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">P9333</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">CaCl2 &#183; 2H2O</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">C3881</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">NaH2PO4</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">S8282</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">MgCl2 &#183; 6H2O</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">M0250</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">HEPES</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">H3375</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Tris base</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">BP152</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of Na+-free Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">6 N HCl</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">02-003-063</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of Na+-free Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">KH2PO4</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">P5655</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">component of Na+-free Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">50 mL conical centrifuge tube</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Denville Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">C1062-P</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">container for Ringer&#39;s solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">Vannas scissors - 8 cm, angled 5 mm blades</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">501790</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">micro-scissors for eyecup dissection</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:332px;">Swiss tweezers - #5, 11 cm, straight, 0.06 X 0.07 mm tips</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">World Precision Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">504510</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">fine forceps for eyecup dissection and slice manipulation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">single edge razor blades</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">12-640</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for eyecup dissection and trimming filter paper</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">EMD Millipore filter forceps</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">XX6200006P</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">flat forceps for handling wet filter paper</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:332px;">C12 558/568 BODIPY</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">D3835</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">stains live cell nuclei; incubate 5 &#181;g/mL for 15 min at room temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:332px;">propidium iodide (PI)</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">P3566</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">stains dead cell nuclei; incubate 5 &#181;g/mL for 20 min at room temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:332px;">Hoechst 33342</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">62249</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">stains live cell nuclei; incubate 5 &#181;g/mL for 20 min at room temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:332px;">Tetramethylrhodamine, methyl ester (TMRM)</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">T668</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">stains functional, negatively-charged mitochondria; incubate 1 nM for 30 min at room temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">tissue perfusion chamber</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Cell MicroControls</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">BT-1-18/BT-1-18BV [-SY]</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">imaging chamber for injection or perfusion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:43px;width:332px;">2-(N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)Amino)-2-Deoxyglucose (NBDG)</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">N13195</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">fluorescent glucose analog adminitered orally to zebrafish 30 min prior to euthanasia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:332px;">Olympus laser scanning confocal microscope</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">FV1000</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">confocal microscope for visualizing fluorescence of slices at single-cell resolution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:332px;">Carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP)</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">C2759</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">experimental reagent which ablates mitochondrial respiration; treat slices to a final concentration of 1 &#181;M</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:332px;">miniature aspirator positioner</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Cell MicroControls</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">FL-1</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for perfusion</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:332px;">perfusion manifold, gas bubbler manifold, flow valve, 60cc syringe holder</td>
			<td style="width:239px;">Warner Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">various</td>
			<td style="width:401px;">for perfusion</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

preparing fresh retinal slices from adult zebrafish for ex vivo imaging experiments

Netthinnen er en kompleks vev som starter og integrerer de første trinnene av visjonen. Dysfunksjon av netthinnen celler er et kjennetegn på mange blendende sykdommer, og fremtidige behandlinger hengslene på grunnleggende forståelse om hvordan ulike retinal celler fungere normalt. Få slik informasjon biokjemiske metoder har vist seg vanskelig fordi bidrag bestemt celletyper er redusert i netthinnen celle miljøet. Live netthinnen bildebehandling gir utsikt over mange biologiske prosesser på subcellular nivå, takket være et økende antall genetisk kodet fluorescerende biosensors. Men har denne teknikken hittil vært begrenset til tadpoles og sebrafisk larver, ytterste retinal lag av isolerte netthinne, eller lavere oppløsning avbilding av Netthinne i levende dyr. Her presenterer vi en metode for å generere live ex vivo retinal skiver fra voksne sebrafisk for live bildebehandling via AC confocal mikroskopi. Dette preparatet gir tverrgående skiver med alle retinal lag og de fleste celletyper synlig for å utføre AC confocal tenkelig eksperimenter ved hjelp av perfusjon. Transgene sebrafisk uttrykke fluorescerende proteiner eller biosensors i spesifikke netthinnen celletyper eller organeller brukes til å trekke ut encellede informasjon fra en intakt netthinnen. I tillegg kan retinal skiver lastet med fluorescerende indikator fargestoffer, legge til i metodens allsidighet. Denne protokollen ble utviklet for imaging Ca2 + innen sebrafisk membran fotoreseptorer, men med riktig indikatorer det kan tilpasses for å måle Ca2 + eller metabolitter i Müller celler, bipolar og vannrette celler, microglia, amacrine celler eller retinal ganglieceller. Netthinnens pigment epitel fjernes fra skiver slik denne metoden ikke er egnet for å studere celle type. Med praksis er det mulig å generere føljetong skiver fra en dyr for flere eksperimenter. Denne tilpasses teknikken gir et kraftig verktøy for å svare på mange spørsmål om retinal cellebiologi, Ca2 +og energi homeostase.

Stødig plassering og orientering på tvers av sektorer er nøkkelen til vellykket bildebehandling med injeksjon eller perfusjon av farmakologiske agenter. Nøye undersøke og flytte skiver før AC confocal imaging for å sikre alle retinal lag er synlig (figur 2A, del ii). Hvis en skive er rotert fremover litt (figur 2A, del iii), bunter av ytre segmenter vises og små justeringer kan gjøres med tang for å bringe ønsket retin...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparing Fresh Retinal Slices from Adult Zebrafish for Ex Vivo Imaging Experiments at JoVE.com

Preparing Fresh Retinal Slices from Adult Zebrafish for Ex Vivo Imaging Experiments

Imaging Netthinnen vev kan gi encellede informasjon som ikke kan samles inn fra tradisjonelle biokjemiske metoder. Denne protokollen beskriver utarbeidelse av netthinnen skiver fra sebrafisk for AC confocal bildebehandling. Fluorescerende kodet genetisk sensorer eller indikator fargestoffer tillater visualisering av mange biologiske prosesser i forskjellige retinal celletyper.

Forberede frisk Retinal skiver fra voksne sebrafisk for Ex Vivo Imaging eksperimenter

The retina is a complex tissue that initiates and integrates the first steps of vision. Dysfunction of retinal cells is a hallmark of many blinding ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Preparing Fresh Retinal Slices from Adult Zebrafish for Ex Vivo Imaging Experiments

Retrograde Labeling of Retinal Ganglion Cells in Adult Zebrafish with Fluorescent Dyes

Retrograd Merking av retinal ganglion celler i voksen sebrafisk med fluorescerende fargestoffer

As retrograde labeling retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) can isolate RGCs somata from dying sites, it has become the gold standard for counting RGCs in RGCs ...

A Novel Light Damage Paradigm for Use in Retinal Regeneration Studies in Adult Zebrafish

A Novel Lett Skade Paradigm for bruk i Retinal Regeneration Studies in Adult sebrafisk

Light-induced retinal degeneration (LIRD) is commonly used in both rodents and zebrafish to damage rod and cone photoreceptors. In adult zebrafish, ...

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Dissection of Fear Circuits in Brain Slices

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Dissection of Fear Circuits in Brain Slices

Ex Vivo optogenetic Disseksjon av Fear kretser i hjernen skiver

Optogenetic approaches are now widely used to study the function of neural populations and circuits by combining targeted expression of light-activated ...

Optical Coherence Tomography: Imaging Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells In Vivo

Optical Coherence Tomography: Imaging Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells In Vivo

Optical Coherence tomografi: Bildebehandling musen Retinal Ganglion celler i Vivo

Structural changes in the retina are common manifestations of ophthalmic diseases. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables their identification in ...

Preparing Adult Drosophila melanogaster for Whole Brain Imaging during Behavior and Stimuli Responses

Preparing Adult Drosophila melanogaster for Whole Brain Imaging during Behavior and Stimuli Responses

Forbereder voksen drosophila melanogaster for hele hjerneavbildning under atferd og stimuli responser

We present a method developed specifically to image the whole Drosophila brain during ongoing behavior such as walking. Head fixation and dissection are ...

Isolation of Adult Human Astrocyte Populations from Fresh-Frozen Cortex Using Fluorescence-Activated Nuclei Sorting

Isolering av voksne menneskelige astrocyttpopulasjoner fra ferskfrossen cortex ved hjelp av fluorescensaktivert nuklei-sortering

The complexity of human astrocytes remains poorly defined in primary human tissue, requiring better tools for their isolation and molecular ...

Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish

Shuttle Box Assay som et assosiativt læringsverktøy for kognitiv vurdering i lærings- og minnestudier ved hjelp av voksen sebrafisk

Cognitive deficits, including impaired learning and memory, are a primary symptom of various developmental and age-related neurodegenerative diseases and ...

Determination of Mitochondrial Respiration and Glycolysis in Ex Vivo Retinal Tissue Samples

Determination of Mitochondrial Respiration and Glycolysis in Ex Vivo Retinal Tissue Samples

Bestemmelse av mitokondrie respirasjon og glykolyse i Ex Vivo retinal vevsprøver

Mitochondrial respiration is a critical energy-generating pathway in all cells, especially retinal photoreceptors that possess a highly active metabolism. ...

Mouse Retina OCT Fibergram Alignment with Confocal Images

Alignment of Visible-Light Optical Coherence Tomography Fibergrams with Confocal Images of the Same Mouse Retina

Advancements in In Vivo and Ex Vivo Retinal Imaging for Improved Glaucoma Diagnosis and Treatment (Video) | JoVE

Justering av synlig lys optisk koherens tomografi fibergrammer med konfokale bilder av samme mus netthinnen

In recent years, in vivo retinal imaging, which provides non-invasive, real-time, and longitudinal information about biological systems and processes, has ...

Monitoring Epileptiform Events in Drosophila via Calcium Imaging

Ex Vivo Calcium Imaging for Drosophila Model of Epilepsy

Insights into the Techniques and Findings of Recent Advancements in Epilepsy Research (Video) | JoVE

Eks Vivo Kalsiumavbildning for Drosophila modell av epilepsi

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, partially correlated with genetic origin, affecting over 70 million individuals ...