Name: experimental methods for spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy combined with polarization-variable laser
Uploaded: 2018-06-28T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser at JoVE.com

我们感谢 m. 中山, s. Toyohisa, 福岛和石田支持实验装置。我们感激地认识到, 通过26287061号项目和青年科学家 (b) 通过15K17675 项目的 Grantin (b) 为科学研究提供的资助。这项工作也得到日本下个 (创新领域 "拓扑材料科学", "16H00979 号") 和 jsp KAKENHI (批准号 16H02209) 的支持。

1. 装载和安装示例
<ol><li>将 Bi2Se313的单晶样品切成 1 x 1 x 0.5 毫米3 , 并使用银基环氧树脂将样品粘附在样品架上。</li>
	<li>将透明胶带粘贴到样品表面上。 注: 该透明胶带用于在超高真空 (特高压) 腔内切割样品以获得原子清洁的表面。</li>
	<li>将样品安装到负载锁的样品杂志中, 启动泵直到负载锁的压力低于 1×10-5宾夕法尼亚州。</li>
</ol><p class...

<ol>
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ARPES 和 SARPES 技术已被广泛用于研究电子带结构通过波段映射和自旋检测1,2。除了上述一般优点之外, 基于光偶极子激发的轨道选择规则的激光 SARPES 可以作为一种新的技术, 用于可视化波函数和量子自旋干涉中的自旋轨道耦合效应。.如图 9 和 10所示, 激光的偏振可以很容易地通过 waveplates 在p和s-偏振<sup cl...

角分辨光电子光谱学 (ARPES) 技术已发展成为研究固态1中准粒子带结构最有力的工具之一。ARPES 的最具吸引力的特征是在能量和动量空间中的电子态特征的波段映射能力。自旋解析 ARPES (SARPES), 这里装有自旋探测器, 即g。莫特探测器2,3, 进一步使我们能够解决的自旋特性的观测带结构4。由于莫特探测器可以测量两个轴 (x和z, 或y和z) 的旋转, 两个莫特探测器的组合进一步允许一个在三维度4,5 中获得旋转方向..然而, 几十年来, SARPES 实验的效率低 (通常是 1/10000, 与自旋集成 ARPES 测量相比)3,4,5,6 ,7, 它限制了能量和角分辨率。最近, SARPES 的能量分辨率增加了一个基于交换散射的高效自旋探测器, 所谓的极低能量电子衍射 (VLEED) 探测器7,8,9 ,10。利用该检测器, 数据质量得到了显著提高, 数据采集时间缩短。最近, SARPES 成功地解决了自旋极化电子态, 特别是自旋-轨道耦合效应, 导致了表面带7的自旋纹理。
在这里, 我们使用 SARPES 测量与偏振变真空紫外线激光 (激光 SARPES), 并证明了这一组合技术的巨大优势。通过对 Bi2Se3中自旋轨道耦合表面状态的研究, 提出了两种激光 SARPES 的能力。首先, 由于线性极化激光器在偶极过渡态中的轨道选择规律, p-和s-偏振光有选择地激发了不同轨道对称的特征波函数的一部分。这样的轨道选择性激发, 从而在 SARPES, 即轨道选择性 SARPES。其次, SARPES 中的三维 (3D) 自旋检测显示了自旋量子轴的方向, 直接显示了光极化依赖性的完整信息。在本议定书中, 我们简要描述了一种方法来执行这一最先进的激光 SARPES 技术来研究强自旋轨道耦合效应。
我们的激光 SARPES 系统位于11东京大学固体物理研究所。图 1显示了我们的激光 SAPRES 机的原理图。偏振变 7 eV 激光光12照亮样品表面, 光电子从样品中发出。激光偏振由 MgF2基λ/2-和λ/4 waveplates 自动控制, 选择性地使用线性和圆形偏振。半球电子分析仪纠正了光电子, 并分析了它们的动能 (E族) 和发射角 (θx 和θy)。在 CCD 摄像机监控的E型θx 屏幕上映射了光电子强度。该图像直接转化为互补空间的能量带结构。
对于 SARPES 测量, 通过电子分析仪分析的光电子具有特定的发射角和动能, 对两个具有90度光电子偏转器的 VLEED 型自旋探测器进行了导引, 光电子束聚焦在两个铁 (001)p(1×1) 薄膜的不同靶点由氧终止。通过在每个自旋探测器中使用一个 channeltron, 在单通道检测中检测到目标反射的光电子。VLEED 的目标可以磁化与亥姆霍兹型的电线圈, 这是安排与正交几何相互尊重。磁化方向由双极电容器库控制。双 VLEED 自旋探测器从而使我们能够分析三维光电子的自旋极化矢量。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>DA30-L hemispherical analyzer</td>
			<td>ScientaOmicron</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>http://www.scientaomicron.com/en/products/353/1170</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silver-based epoxy</td>
			<td>Epoxy Technology</td>
			<td>H20E</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sctoch tape</td>
			<td>3M</td>
			<td>801-1-18C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>UHV valve</td>
			<td>VAT</td>
			<td>01034-KE01</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>linear/rotary feedthrough</td>
			<td>Ferrovac</td>
			<td>MD40</td>
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			<td>transfer rod</td>
			<td>UHV design</td>
			<td>PP series</td>
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		</tr>
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			<td>wobble stick</td>
			<td>Ferrovac</td>
			<td>WM40</td>
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			<td>Paladin compact 355</td>
			<td>Coherent</td>
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			<td>half waveplate</td>
			<td>Kogakugiken</td>
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			<td>order made</td>
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			<td>Bipolar condenser bank</td>
			<td>Tsuji electronics</td>
			<td></td>
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	</tbody>
</table>

experimental methods for spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy combined with polarization-variable laser

本协议的目的是介绍如何执行自旋和角分辨光电子光谱与偏振-变 7-eV 激光器 (激光 SARPES), 并证明了这一技术的力量, 研究固体物理。激光 SARPES 达到两大功能。首先, 通过对线性极化激光器的轨道选择规律的研究, 可以在 SAPRES 实验中进行轨道选择性激励。其次, 该技术可以显示自旋量子轴作为光极化函数的变化的完整信息。为了演示这些能力在激光 SARPES 中的协作能力, 我们将此技术应用于对 Bi2Se3的自旋轨道耦合表面状态的研究。这种技术可以从自旋轨道耦合波函数中分解自旋和轨道元件。此外, 该技术作为利用直接自旋检测与偏振变量激光器协作的代表优势, 明确地直观地揭示了自旋量子轴在三维中的光极化依赖性。激光 SARPES 显著提高了光电子技术的能力。

在开始 SARPES 实验之前, 需要用高能量和角分辨率 (5.1-5.5) 的高度统计自旋综合 ARPES 结果准确地确定k位置, 以获得自旋分辨谱。图 7展示了双2Se3单晶的 ARPES 结果。这种材料被称为一个典型的拓扑绝缘体与自旋极化表面状态14,15。ARPES 带图清楚地解析了二维表面状态16?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser at JoVE.com

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

在这里, 我们将偏振变 7 eV 激光器与自旋-角分辨光电子技术相结合, 以可视化固态中的自旋轨道耦合效应。

自旋角分辨光电子光谱与偏振变激光相结合的实验方法

The goal of this protocol is to present how to perform spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy combined with polarization-variable 7-eV laser ...

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