Name: generation of monoclonal antibodies against natural products
Uploaded: 2019-04-06T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Natural Products at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了国家自然科学基金 (赠款编号81573573、81573573和 81503344) 和北京中医药大学经典处方基础研究小组的支持。

本研究中进行的所有动物程序都已得到北京中专大学伦理审查委员会的批准 (批准号 2016BZYL00109)。
注: 雌性 balb1 小鼠 (8周大) 接受了带携带蛋白结合物的免疫。单独使用时, 一个小分子 (lt;1,000 的大分子) 不能引起免疫反应。然而, 将小分子与载体大分子结合会导致抗原合成。在这种情况下, 小分子被标记为触觉。采用辅助共轭是一种必要而有效的 mAb 生产策略。为避免交叉反应,...

<ol>
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在这里, 我们提出了一个协议, 成功地生产 mAbs 对天然产品衍生的小分子。该过程中的基本步骤已经概述, 我们已经证明了这个协议的效用使用 NAR 作为一个例子小分子。实例谱、反应性分析和 icELISA 结果均显示了该协议获得的具有代表性的实验和控制数据。杂交瘤的示例图像提供了研究人员在区分单克隆和多克隆杂交圆顶时应该寻找的内容的视觉表示。总之, 我们已经证明, 这里介绍的 mAb 生产、?...

单克隆抗体 (mAbs), 也称为单特异性抗体, 由单个 b 淋巴细胞克隆产生, 由单卵形抗体组成, 所有抗体都与同一表位1结合。近年来, 许多药用植物衍生的天然产品被用于各种疾病的治疗.事实上, 许多最初从天然产物中提取的小分子化合物现在被用作一线药物, 如疟疾青蒿素和 2,3种癌症的紫杉醇 (紫杉醇)。天然产物的研究取得了较快的进展, 这在很大程度上是由于传统分析技术的巨大发展和优化, 包括高效液相色谱 (HPLC) 和质谱 (MS)。然而, 这些方法仍然存在一些限制, 例如其复杂的预处理方案以及在时间、劳动力专门知识和所需文书方面的相关费用4。
近年来, 基于 mabs 的酶联免疫吸附法 (Elissa) 已被应用于食品和天然产物的定性和定量分析。事实上, 这种方法已被应用于生物样品分析和临床试验, 并已被证明是准确的, 敏感的, 高效的, 同时也避免了繁琐的预处理步骤与其他分析 5, 6。
当使用基于 mabs 的 Elisa 研究复杂的天然产物时, 单克隆抗体的制备是核心步骤之一。不幸的是, 这些类型的物质中存在的小生物活性成分的mabs6、7、8、9、10、11、12与蛋白质抗原相比,13、14、15 通常是有限的。为了规避这个问题, 我们开发了一个协议, 专门生成针对小化合物的 mAbs。这里介绍的方案包括人工抗原合成、小鼠免疫接种、细胞融合、间接竞争 ELISA 和单克隆杂交瘤制剂。
值得注意的是, 我们的研究小组多年来一直在研究针对中药中的小生物活性化合物形成 mAbs 的问题, 并开发其应用。在我们正在进行的研究中, 我们开发了针对黄芪苷 16、葛根素 17、甘草酸18、paeoniflorin19、人参皂苷 re 20、人参皂苷 Rh1 等许多小分子的 mabs.我们基于这些 mAbs 的 ELISA 协议已被用于许多研究, 以评估这些小分子的药代动力学及其与其他生物活性化合物的相互作用。此外, 利用这些 mAbs, 我们还开发了免疫亲和层析方法来分离结构类似物, 包括表皮。最近, 我们准备了一个侧流免疫分析使用我们的抗葛根素 mAb, 随后用于快速, 现场检测这种化合物。我们的研究结果表明, 我们基于 mabs 的检测方法对于研究天然产品衍生化合物的生物学和质量, 特别是中药中使用的化合物的生物学和质量, 是不可或缺的、方便的工具。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:619px;" width="617">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">800 mesh (40 &#956;m nylon) filter&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">FALCON</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">352340</td>
			<td style="width:172px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">24 well culture plate</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">NUNC</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">119567</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">25 cm2 Flask</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Labserv</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">310109016</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="37">
			<td height="37" style="height:37px;width:223px;">3,3&#8217;,5,5&#8217;-Tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">860336 1G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">75 cm2 Flask</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">430720</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">96 well culture plate</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">NUNC</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">117246</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">bovine serum albumin</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">AMRESCO</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">332</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">cell strainer</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">FALCON</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">352340</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">centrifuge tube 15 mL</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">430645</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">centrifuge tube 50 mL</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">430828</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">cryotubes, 1 mL&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">V7384-1CS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">cultivator</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">DRP-9082&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">Samsung</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">dialysis membrane (10kDa)</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Heng Hui</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">45-10000D</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="37">
			<td height="37" style="height:37px;width:223px;">dimethylsulfoxide</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sinopharm Chemical</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">DH105-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">electronic balance&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">BS124-S&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">Sartorius</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">ELISA plates, 96 well</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">NUNC</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">655101</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="37">
			<td height="37" style="height:37px;width:223px;">ethanol, 96%</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sinopharm Chemical</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">Fetal bovine serum</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">16000-044</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">fetal calf serum</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">10270106</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">Freund&#180;s adjuvant, complete</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">SLBM2183V</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">Freund&#180;s adjuvant, incomplete</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">SLBL0210V</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">Gelatin</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">AMRESCO</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">9764-500g</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">Gradient cooler container</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Nalgene</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">5100-0001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">HAT media supplement</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">H0262-10VL</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="37">
			<td height="37" style="height:37px;width:223px;">HRP-conjugated goat-anti-mouse IgG antibody</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">applygen</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">C1308</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">HT media supplement</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">H0137-10VL</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">Inverted Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">IX73</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">Olympus&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">keyhole limpet hemocyanin</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">H8283</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="37">
			<td height="37" style="height:37px;width:223px;">MALDI-TOF-MS&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Axima-CFR&#160; plus&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">Axima&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">Microplate Reader</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">BioTex</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">ELX-800&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">mouse</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Vital River&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">BALB/c</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="37">
			<td height="37" style="height:37px;width:223px;">ovalbumin</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Beijing BIODEE</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">5008-25g</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">PEG</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">RNBC6325</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">Penicillin&#38;Streptomycin solution</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Hyclone</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">SV30010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">Pipette 10 mL</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">COSTAR</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">4488</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">Pipette 25 mL</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">FALCON</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">357525</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">RPMI 1640</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">10-040-CVR</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:223px;">skim milk</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">applygen</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">P1622</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="37">
			<td height="37" style="height:37px;width:223px;">sodium periodate</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Sinopharm Chemical</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">BW-G0008</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="55">
			<td height="55" style="height:55px;width:223px;">Sulfo-GMBS</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Perbio Science Germany</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">22324</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:223px;">TipOne Tips 1,000 &#181;L</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">Starlab</td>
			<td style="width:123px;">S1111-2021</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

generation of monoclonal antibodies against natural products

对食品和天然产品中存在的生物活性成分的分析已成为中医药、食品安全毒理学等多个领域的热门研究领域。许多经典的分析技术需要昂贵的设备和专业知识。值得注意的是, 酶联免疫吸附法 (Elissa) 已成为分析食品和天然产品的一种新方法。该方法基于抗体介导的目标成分检测。然而, 由于天然产品中的许多生物活性成分很小 (和 lt;1,000 的含量), 不会诱发免疫反应, 因此对其产生单克隆抗体往往很困难。在本协议中, 我们详细解释了针对目标分子生成 mAbs 所需的步骤, 以及创建相关的间接竞争 (ic) ELISA 以快速分析多个样品中的化合物所需的步骤。该程序描述了人工抗原 (即, 随体共轭) 的合成、免疫、细胞融合、单克隆杂交瘤制剂、mab 的表征以及 mab 的基于 elisa 的应用。采用钠周期法合成了伴随载体共轭, 并用 aldi TOF-MS 进行了评价。免疫后, 用聚乙二醇 (peg) 基方法从抗体滴度最高的免疫小鼠中分离出脾细胞, 并与低黄嘌呤-氨基铂-胸苷 (HAT) 敏感的小鼠骨髓瘤细胞系 Sp2/0-ag14 熔融。用 icELISA 对对靶抗原进行了 Mabs 反应性的杂交瘤的特异性和交叉反应性筛选。此外, 还采用极限稀释法制备单克隆杂交瘤。最后的 mAbs 进一步被特征的 icELISA, 然后在 elisa 为基础的应用程序中用于快速和方便地检测示例阿平 (naringin (NAR)) 在自然产品中。

单克隆杂交瘤的产生
通过 aldi-TOF-MS 分析, 确定了伴随载体共轭的分子量。由于 BSA 和 NAR 的分子量都是已知的, 因此可以计算出与 BSA 结合的小分子的数量。图 1 显示了 nar-bsa22具有代表性的光谱结果, 该结果在7, 058 m/zz 处显示一个宽峰值。由于 BSA 的平均分...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Natural Products at JoVE.com

Generation of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Natural Products

本文提供了一个详细的方案, 用于制备和评价用于各种免疫检测的天然产品单克隆抗体。该程序包括免疫接种、细胞融合、用于阳性克隆筛选的间接竞争性 ELISA 和单克隆杂交瘤制剂。还提供了使用 maldi TOF-MS 和 ELISA 分析进行抗体表征的规范。

针对天然产物的单克隆抗体的产生

The analysis of the bioactive components present in foods and natural products has become a popular area of study in many fields, including traditional ...

单克隆抗体被称为单特异性抗体，由单个B淋巴细胞克隆和与同一表位结合的单价抗体产生。最近，单克隆抗体为基础的ELISA已成为我们食品或天然产品定性或定量分析的新兴平台。此方法是一种准确、敏感和有效的方法，无需繁琐的预处理步骤。因此，这是生物样品和未来临床应用的关键。中药MAB的制备是研究中药配方复杂系统特性的重要一步。我们开发了一种针对小分子化合物生成mABs的协议，包括人工抗原合成、小鼠免疫和细胞融合。与载体蛋白结合合成人工抗原。人工抗原和完整的佐剂混合和乳化。小鼠通过皮下注射免疫。拿出免疫小鼠的脾脏，做单细胞悬浮。混合骨髓瘤细胞。通过PEG方法分离和融合与帽子敏感的小鼠骨髓瘤细胞系。选择一个细胞系，通过ELISA来准备抗体。对抗原有反应的单克隆抗体分泌的杂交瘤被克隆。建立杂交瘤细胞系是冷冻保留。期化氧化过程用于合成纳里金BSA结合体。首先，纳里金在100微升新鲜准备好的帕里奥酸钠溶液中以每毫升1毫克的最终浓度溶解，以5毫升的纳里金溶液。在室温下搅拌混合物一小时。其次，在纳里金钠期酸反应混合物中加入两毫升载体蛋白。将混合物调整为pH9溶液，并继续反应6至8小时。第三，用PDS透析法纯化了三天，使CBS疏远了。弗伦德的完全佐剂和不完全的辅助剂用于小鼠免疫。对于疫苗接种，混合50微克的偶联用与Freund的完全佐剂和乳化完全的等量。通过后皮下注射，将这种混合物的100微克管理到每只BALB/c小鼠。两周后，通过皮下注射提供强化疫苗，与不完全佐剂混合的相同量的偶联剂。在初级免疫中，Freund的完全辅助剂和免疫原通过次皮注射使用。对于强化免疫，Freund的不完全辅助剂和免疫原通过皮下注射使用。对于没有辅助剂的影响免疫，只有免疫原通过皮下注射或内氨酸注射使用。饲料层细胞主要来自腹部上皮细胞或巨噬细胞。RPMI 1640 FBS 和 HAT 用于准备 HAT 屏幕介质。HAT补充剂溶解在10毫升RPMI介质中，然后加入500毫升RPMI 1640含有20%FBS。ICR小鼠被75%乙醇消毒5分钟。用止血钳从腹部取出毛皮后，用75%乙醇消毒区域。切开外皮露出腹腔。将三毫升无菌 RPMI 1640 介质注入腹部。然后按摩腹部，将额外的细胞分离到溶液中。将胎儿细胞悬浮液吸入15毫升离心管。在1000g下离心细胞悬浮液10分钟后，丢弃上经液，重新悬浮胎儿细胞以获得单细胞悬浮液。此过程后，使用 HAT 介质溶解细胞。数一数细胞，使其从细胞成员每毫升10万。将细胞转移到96个井细胞培养板中。在37度，5%的二氧化碳孵育板过夜。所选择的免疫小鼠被75%乙醇消毒5分钟。吸气 RPMI 1640 介质作为洗涤缓冲器。用剪刀切除皮肤和肌肉组织，露出脾脏。小心地用钳子隔离脾脏。然后在 RPMI 1640 中清洗脾脏。隔离脾脏，切成碎片。慢慢地敲打脾脏。然后用RMPI 1640培养基进行治疗，溶解细胞，准备脾脏细胞悬浮液。之后，由800个网状细胞滤株过滤细胞。小心地钉住脾脏，取出大组织。避免大组织会影响细胞的融合。是脾脏细胞悬浮液与RPMI 1640介质。然后将细胞悬浮液添加到离心管中。以1000克离心收获脾脏细胞10分钟。然后丢弃上一液。脾脏细胞应该在10亿到100亿。从培养箱中取出培养和扩增的骨髓瘤细胞，轻轻摇动烧瓶以获得细胞悬浮液。是使用 RPMI 的悬架两次。混合脾脏细胞悬浮液和骨髓瘤细胞。计数细胞并调整浓度。脾细胞对骨髓瘤细胞的最终配给应该是1到5到1到10。离心细胞混合物，然后取出上一代。向细胞中加入一毫升50%聚乙二醇溶液，在37度下轻轻搅拌一分钟。站立30秒，加入两毫升RPMI 1640介质，在37度孵育2分钟，以终止反应。再加两毫升 RPMI 一分钟。然后，加入10毫升RPMI 1640。在800g下离心10分钟。丢弃上一液，加入帽子溶液，继续培养细胞7天，浓度为37度5%二氧化碳。七天后，96个井板中的细胞超自然剂在细胞融合后被吸气，并加入ELISA板，预涂有涂层抗原。在37度培养一小时，二次抗体被添加和培养半小时。加入100微升基板溶液后。停止反应。对进入微孔板读卡器的ELISA板，采用端点法读取450纳米的数据。测量450纳米的吸光度，并筛选正杂交瘤。使用限制稀释方法准备单克隆杂交瘤。从选定的杂交瘤中去除 HD 介质后，重新挂起 RPMI 1640 中的细胞并计数它们。在 96 井板和培养物中，用 RPMI 1640 稀释每井一个细胞、两个细胞和四个细胞的浓度细胞。将正向的杂交细胞转移到24个井板、25和75平方厘米的烧瓶进行培养。将 myodomas 存放在零下 80 度的梯度冷却箱中 24 小时。然后转移到液氮长期储存。抗塞膜的滴度是由间接的ELISA决定的。小鼠一至四被免疫与纳里金BSA结合明显高于控制小鼠没有免疫。1 到 5000 的滴度是足够的扩散。MALDI-TOF分析证实了同偶结合物的分子量。如图二所示，众所周知，BSA标准和纳里金的分子量，我们可以计算和确定纳里金分子与 BSA 结合。只有杂交瘤才能在 HAT 选择介质中存活和生长。经过七天的生长，细胞培养可以通过ELISA进行测试。正杂交瘤被重新克隆和扩大。这些图像显示了稳定的单克隆和多克隆杂交细胞系的常规结果。这个实验的关键点是筛选特异性的mAbs，但不是载体蛋白。然后，在其他结构相关化合物存在的情况下，对mAb的特异性进行检查。计算交叉反应性以评估抗原的 mAb 特异性。获得纳林宁的校准曲线和衬套范围。抗原特异性单克隆杂交瘤被扩大，并冷冻保存在液氮中，用于长期储存。看完这段视频后，我希望你对如何产生针对小分子化合物的单克隆抗体有一个很好的理解。就这些了感谢您的收看，并祝您的实验好运。

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Passive Administration of Monoclonal Antibodies Against H. capsulatum and Others Fungal Pathogens

Passive Administration of Monoclonal Antibodies Against H. capsulatum and Others Fungal Pathogens

单克隆抗体的反对消极行政 H。 capsulatum和其他真菌病原体

The purpose of the use of this methodology is 1) to advance our capacity to protect individuals with antibody or vaccine for preventing or treating ...

科研

免疫与感染

Quantitative Analyses of all Influenza Type A Viral Hemagglutinins and Neuraminidases using Universal Antibodies in Simple Slot Blot Assays

所有流感的定量分析类型使用通用抗体的一种病毒Hemagglutinins和Neuraminidases，在简单的狭缝杂交分析

Hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) are two surface proteins of influenza viruses which are known to play important roles in the viral life cycle ...

A Parasite Rescue and Transformation Assay for Antileishmanial Screening Against Intracellular Leishmania donovani Amastigotes in THP1 Human Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cell Line

A Parasite Rescue and Transformation Assay for Antileishmanial Screening Against Intracellular Leishmania donovani Amastigotes in THP1 Human Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cell Line

Antileishmanial筛选对细胞内的寄生虫救援和转化实验<em&gt;杜氏利什曼原虫</em无鞭毛体在THP1人急性单核细胞白血病细胞株

Leishmaniasis is  one of the world's most neglected diseases, largely affecting the  poorest of the poor, mainly in developing countries. Over 350 million ...

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination

治疗核黄素血小板制品和紫外线光：对有效性高滴度细菌污染

Contamination of platelet units by bacteria has long been acknowledged as a significant transfusion risk due to their post-donation storage conditions. ...

Generation of Recombinant Human IgG Monoclonal Antibodies from Immortalized Sorted B Cells

从排序的永生B细胞产生的重组人IgG单克隆抗体

Finding new methods for generating human monoclonal antibodies is an active research field that is important for both basic and applied sciences, ...

Measuring Influenza Neuraminidase Inhibition Antibody Titers by Enzyme-linked Lectin Assay

通过酶联凝集素测定来测量神经氨酸酶流感抑制抗体滴度

Antibodies to neuraminidase (NA), the second most abundant surface protein on influenza virus, contribute toward protection against influenza. Traditional ...

Generation of Murine Monoclonal Antibodies by Hybridoma Technology

鼠单克隆抗体的产生杂交瘤技术

Monoclonal antibodies are universal binding molecules and are widely used in biomedicine and research. Nevertheless, the generation of these binding ...

Generation of Escape Variants of Neutralizing Influenza Virus Monoclonal Antibodies

中和流感病毒单克隆抗体逃逸变种的产生

Influenza viruses exhibit a remarkable ability to adapt and evade the host immune response. One way is through antigenic changes that occur on the surface ...

Generation of Discriminative Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Rare Antigen-specific B Cells Circulating in Blood

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are powerful tools useful for both fundamental research and in biomedicine. Their high specificity is indispensable when the ...

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies

抗原脂质体用于生成特定于疾病的抗体

Antibody responses provide critical protective immunity to a wide array of pathogens. There remains a high interest in generating robust antibodies for ...