Name: an in vivo assessment of blood-brain barrier disruption in a rat model of ischemic stroke
Uploaded: 2018-03-11T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An In Vivo Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke at JoVE.com

Gli autori sono grati al Vice Cancelliere per la ricerca della Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (Ardabil, Iran) per il sostegno finanziario (concedere No: 9607).

Tutte le procedure sono state eseguite in conformità con le linee guida di Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Research Council per lo svolgimento di studi sugli animali (numero ordine etico: IR ARUMS. REC.1394.08). In questo studio visualizzato in quel momento, abbiamo usato ratti Sprague-Dawley maschio adulto (300-350 g) ottenuti da pascolo Institute (Teheran, Iran).
1. anestesia e flussometria
<ol><li>Inducono anestesia utilizzando 4% isoflurane e mantenerla con isoflurano (1-1,5%) in...

<ol>
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(48), (2011).</li><li>Hungerhuber, E., Zausinger, S., Westermaier, T., Plesnila, N., Schmid-Elsaesser, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simultaneous+bilateral+laser+Doppler+fluxmetry+and+electrophysiological+recording+during+middle+cerebral+artery+occlusion+in+rats.">Simultaneous bilateral laser Doppler fluxmetry and electrophysiological recording during middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.</a> J Neurosci Methods. 154 (1-2), 109-115 (2006).</li><li>Panahpour, H., Nouri, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Post-Ischemic+Treatment+with+candesartan+protect+from+cerebral+ischemic/reperfusioninjury+in+normotensive+rats.">Post-Ischemic Treatment with candesartan protect from cerebral ischemic/reperfusioninjury in normotensive rats.</a> Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 4 (4), 286-289 (2012).</li><li>Panahpour, H., Dehghani, G. A., Bohlooli, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enalapril+attenuates+ischaemic+brain+oedema+and+protects+the+blood-brain+barrier+in+rats+via+an+anti-oxidant+action.">Enalapril attenuates ischaemic brain oedema and protects the blood-brain barrier in rats via an anti-oxidant action.</a> Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 41 (3), 220-226 (2014).</li><li>Panahpour, H., Nekooeian, A. A., Dehghani, G. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Blockade+of+Central+Angiotensin+II+AT1+Receptor+Protects+the+Brain+from+Ischemia/Reperfusion+Injury+in+Normotensive+Rats.">Blockade of Central Angiotensin II AT1 Receptor Protects the Brain from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Normotensive Rats.</a> Iran J Med Sci. 39 (6), 536-542 (2014).</li><li>Panahpour, H., Nekooeian, A. A., Dehghani, G. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candesartan+attenuates+ischemic+brain+edema+and+protects+the+blood-brain+barrier+integrity+from+ischemia/reperfusion+injury+in+rats.">Candesartan attenuates ischemic brain edema and protects the blood-brain barrier integrity from ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.</a> Iran Biomed J. 18 (4), 232-238 (2014).</li><li>Kaya, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effects+of+magnesium+sulfate+on+blood-brain+barrier+disruption+caused+by+intracarotid+injection+of+hyperosmolar+mannitol+in+rats.">The effects of magnesium sulfate on blood-brain barrier disruption caused by intracarotid injection of hyperosmolar mannitol in rats.</a> Life sci. 76 (2), 201-212 (2004).</li><li>Sch&#246;ller, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterization+of+microvascular+basal+lamina+damage+and+blood-brain+barrier+dysfunction+following+subarachnoid+hemorrhage+in+rats.">Characterization of microvascular basal lamina damage and blood-brain barrier dysfunction following subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.</a> Brain Res. 1142, 237-246 (2007).</li><li>Bodsch, W., Hossmann, K. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=125I-Antibody+Autoradiography+and+Peptide+Fragments+of+Albumin+in+Cerebral+Edema.">125I-Antibody Autoradiography and Peptide Fragments of Albumin in Cerebral Edema.</a> J Neurochem. 41 (1), 239-243 (1983).</li><li>Sandoval, K. E., Witt, K. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Blood-brain+barrier+tight+junction+permeability+and+ischemic+stroke.">Blood-brain barrier tight junction permeability and ischemic stroke.</a> Neurobiol Dis. 32 (2), 200-219 (2008).</li><li>Zhu, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Baicalin+reduces+the+permeability+of+the+blood-brain+barrier+during+hypoxia+in+vitro+by+increasing+the+expression+of+tight+junction+proteins+in+brain+microvascular+endothelial+cells.">Baicalin reduces the permeability of the blood-brain barrier during hypoxia in vitro by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins in brain microvascular endothelial cells.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 141 (2), 714-720 (2012).</li><li>Kucuk, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+losartan+on+the+blood-brain+barrier+permeability+in+long-term+nitric+oxide+blockade-induced+hypertensive+rats.">Effects of losartan on the blood-brain barrier permeability in long-term nitric oxide blockade-induced hypertensive rats.</a> Life Sci. 71 (8), 937-946 (2002).</li><li>Uyama, O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantitative+evaluation+of+vascular+permeability+in+the+gerbil+brain+after+transient+ischemia+using+Evans+blue+fluorescence.">Quantitative evaluation of vascular permeability in the gerbil brain after transient ischemia using Evans blue fluorescence.</a> J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 8 (2), 282-284 (1988).</li><li>Kleinig, T. J., Vink, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Suppression+of+inflammation+in+ischemic+and+hemorrhagic+stroke:+therapeutic+options.">Suppression of inflammation in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: therapeutic options.</a> Curr Opin Neurol. 22 (3), 294-301 (2009).</li><li>Del Zoppo, G. J., Mabuchi, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cerebral+microvessel+responses+to+focal+ischemia.">Cerebral microvessel responses to focal ischemia.</a> J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 23 (8), 879-894 (2003).</li><li>Fluri, F., Schuhmann, M. 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Finora, vari metodi come l'autoradiografia e rilevamento dei traccianti radioattivi24,25, microscopia di immunofluorescenza26,27ed EB stravaso tecnica20, 23 sono stati usati per valutare il danno della barriera emato - encefalica. Tintura EB è fortemente in grado di legarsi all'albumina del siero e viene utilizzata come tracciante per la rilevaz...

L'edema vasogenic cervello dovuto rottura della barriera emato - encefalica (BBB) rimane una complicazione importante dell'ictus ischemico e un elemento determinante del tasso di sopravvivenza in pazienti ictus1,2. L'emato - encefalica (BBB), che è formata da cellule endoteliali dei capillari del cervello (BCECs) e composto da componenti distinti neurovascular (ad es., giunzioni strette tra BCECs, periciti, astroglial e cellule neuronali3), fornisce un specializzata e dinamica interfaccia tra il sistema nervoso centrale (SNC) e la circolazione del sangue periferico4,5. Insulti come lesioni di ischemia-riperfusione potrebbero compromettere l'integrità funzionale della BBB e portare alla successiva penetrazione di leucociti circolanti nel parenchima del cervello che attivano in definitiva l'infiammazione cerebrale e lesioni cerebrali primari 6 , 7. modelli animali sono necessari per l'esatta individuazione della disfunzione di BBB seguendo l'occorrenza di un oggetto stroke. Tali modelli sono di grande importanza per lo studio di base dei meccanismi fisiopatologici e introducendo nuove strategie neuroprotettive. In vitro modelli cellulari basati sulla cultura della BBB sono stati altamente sviluppati e utilizzati per lo studio molecolare del BBB fisiopatologia8,9,10. Tuttavia, in vivo modelli animali, che producono un danno ischemico della BBB simili a condizioni cliniche umane, sono anche molto utili a questo proposito. La determinazione quantitativa dello stravaso di blu di Evans (EB) è una tecnica ben accettata e sensibile che è stata utilizzata per la valutazione dell'integrità BBB e funzione nelle malattie neurodegenerative, tra cui ictus ischemico11, 12 , 13 , 14. questo metodo è conveniente, fattibile, riproducibile e completamente applicabile in qualsiasi laboratorio sperimentale. Sua attuazione non richiede attrezzature avanzate, come traccianti radioattivi15 o risonanza magnetica (MRI)16, che sono prerequisiti per altri metodi. In questo articolo, dimostriamo completamente base processi tecnici di valutazione BBB utilizzando lo stravaso EB nei modelli del ratto del colpo ischemico.

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			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:208px;">Isoflurane</td>
			<td style="width:203px;">Piramal</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">AWN 34041100</td>
			<td style="width:193px;">20 - 25 &#176;C</td>
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			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)</td>
			<td>Molekula</td>
			<td>31216368</td>
			<td>4 years</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Sprague&#8211;Dawley rats&#160;</td>
			<td>Pasture Institute (Tehran, Iran)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>300-350g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Evans Blue&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>314-13-6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Trichloroacetic acid&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>76-03-9</td>
			<td>2 years</td>
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			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Bupivacaine HCl (0.5%)</td>
			<td>Delpharm Tours</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>below&#160; 25 &#176;C</td>
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		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Bupernorphine</td>
			<td>Exir (Iran)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Sodium Carbonate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>497-19-8</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Sodium chloride&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>7647-14-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Di- Sodium hydrogen phosphate</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore&#160;</td>
			<td>231-448-7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Potassium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>&#160;7447-40-7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:208px;">Ethanol&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>64-17-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">silicone(Xantopren)</td>
			<td>Heraeus</td>
			<td>EN ISO 4823</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Activator universal plus</td>
			<td>Heraeus</td>
			<td>66037445</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Micro-Dissecting forceps</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>52100-41</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Spring Scisors</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>52130-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Operating&#160; Scissors</td>
			<td>Roboz</td>
			<td>52140-70</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Brain matrix&#160;</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>51390</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Anesthesia Machine for Small Animals |</td>
			<td>&#160;Kent Scientific</td>
			<td>SS-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Power Lab system</td>
			<td>AD Instruments</td>
			<td>ML880</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Laser Doppler flowmeter</td>
			<td>AD Instruments</td>
			<td>ML191</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Heating feed back system</td>
			<td>Harvard Appratus</td>
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			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Silk 5-0 suture thread</td>
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			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Ethilon 4-0 suture thread&#160;</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
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an in vivo assessment of blood-brain barrier disruption in a rat model of ischemic stroke

Ictus ischemico conduce a edema cerebrale di vasogenic e successive cranico primario, che è mediata attraverso la distruzione della barriera sangue - cervello (BBB). Ratti con il colpo ischemico indotto sono stati stabiliti e usati come modelli in vivo per studiare l'integrità funzionale della BBB. Rilevazione spettrofotometrica di blu di Evans (EB) nei campioni di cervello con lesione ischemica potrebbe fornire giustificazione affidabile per la ricerca e lo sviluppo delle modalità terapeutiche novelle. Questo metodo genera risultati riproducibili ed è applicabile in qualsiasi laboratorio senza necessità di attrezzature speciali. Qui, presentiamo una guida di riferimento tecnico e visualizzato sulla rilevazione di stravaso di EB dopo induzione del colpo ischemico in ratti.

Non c'era differenza significativa nei livelli EB nell'emisfero destro rispetto all'emisfero sinistro dei ratti falsità-azionati (1,06 ± 0.1 µ g/g e 1,1 ± 0.09 µ g/g, rispettivamente). Come mostrato nelle figure 2A-2B, induzione di ischemia transitoria (90 min di ischemia / riperfusione 24 h) ha causato una differenza significativa nei livelli di EB (10,41 ± 0.84 µ g/g, p < 0,001) nell'emisfero sinistro di ratti ischemici, rispetto al rispettivo emisfero n...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An In Vivo Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke at JoVE.com

An In Vivo Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Una valutazione In Vivo di rottura della barriera emato - encefalica in un modello del ratto del colpo ischemico

L'obiettivo generale di questa procedura è quello di fornire una tecnica altamente riproducibile per la valutazione in vivo della perturbazione barriera emato - encefalica nei modelli del ratto del colpo ischemico.

Ischemic stroke leads to vasogenic cerebral edema and subsequent primary brain injury, which is mediated through destruction of the blood-brain barrier ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

An In Vivo Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Generation of an Immortalized Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Line as an In Vitro Blood Brain Barrier Model

Generation of an Immortalized Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Line as an In Vitro Blood Brain Barrier Model

Generazione di un immortalato Murine Linea microvascolare Brain Cell endoteliali come<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Blood Cervello Modello barriera

Epithelial and endothelial cells (EC) are building paracellular barriers which protect the tissue from the external and internal environment. The ...

Ricerca

Neuroscienze

Functional Neuroimaging Using Ultrasonic Blood-brain Barrier Disruption and Manganese-enhanced MRI

Neuroimaging funzionale con l&#39;impiego dell&#39;ecografia emato-encefalica e la barriera di Turbativa del Manganese-enhanced MRI

Although mice are the dominant model system for studying the genetic and molecular underpinnings of neuroscience, functional neuroimaging in mice remains ...

Assessment of Blood-brain Barrier Permeability by Intravenous Infusion of FITC-labeled Albumin in a Mouse Model of Neurodegenerative Disease

Valutazione della permeabilità della barriera emato - encefalica dall'infusione endovenosa di albumina FITC-labeled in un modello murino di malattia di Neurodegenerative

Disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is a common feature for different neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Although the interplay ...

An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers

An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers

In Vivo barriera emato - encefalica permeabilità saggio nei topi utilizzando fluorescente etichettati traccianti

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized barrier that protects the brain microenvironment from toxins and pathogens in the circulation and maintains ...

A Preclinical Model to Assess Brain Recovery After Acute Stroke in Rats

Un modello preclinico per valutare il recupero del cervello dopo l'ictus acuto nei ratti

The purpose of this study was to establish and validate an animal brain ischemia model in the recovery and sequela stages. A middle cerebral artery ...

A Benchtop Approach to the Location Specific Blood Brain Barrier Opening using Focused Ultrasound in a Rat Model

Un approccio da banco all'apertura della barriera ematica specifica della posizione utilizzando ultrasuoni focalizzati in un modello di ratto

Stereotaxic surgery is the gold standard for localized drug and gene delivery to the rodent brain. This technique has many advantages over systemic ...

Measuring Post-Stroke Cerebral Edema, Infarct Zone and Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in a Single Set of Rodent Brain Samples

Misurazione dell'edema cerebrale post-ictus, della zona infarct e della rottura della barriera ematica-encefalica in un singolo set di campioni cerebrali dei roditori

One of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide is ischemic stroke. Historically, an animal model used to stimulate ischemic stroke ...

A Rat Model of EcoHIV Brain Infection

Un modello di ratto di infezione cerebrale EcoHIV

It has been well studied that the EcoHIV infected mouse model is of significant utility in investigating HIV associated neurological complications. ...

Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Induzione e valutazione delle discinesie indotte da levodopa in un modello di ratto della malattia di Parkinson

Levodopa (L-DOPA) remains the gold-standard therapy used to treat Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) motor symptoms. However, unwanted involuntary movements ...

Transendothelial Resistance Measurement to Assess Cell Barrier Integrity

Barrier Functional Integrity Recording on bEnd.3 Vascular Endothelial Cells via Transendothelial Electrical Resistance Detection

Applications of TEER Detection to Assess Cell Barrier Integrity (Video) | JoVE

Registrazione dell'integrità funzionale della barriera su cellule endoteliali vascolari bEnd.3 tramite rilevamento della resistenza elettrica transendoteliale

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic physiological structure composed of microvascular endothelial cells, astrocytes, and pericytes. By coordinating ...