Name: an in vivo assessment of blood-brain barrier disruption in a rat model of ischemic stroke
Uploaded: 2018-03-11T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An In Vivo Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke at JoVE.com

Os autores agradecem ao Chanceler Vice de investigação das Ciências da Universidade de Ardabil médica (Ardabil, Irã) para o apoio financeiro (conceder n: 9607).

Todos os procedimentos foram realizados em conformidade com as diretrizes da Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Research Council, para a realização de estudos com animais (número de identificação ética: ir JARROS. REC.1394.08). neste estudo visualizado, usamos ratos macho adulto Sprague-Dawley (300-350 g) obtidos de pastagem Institute (Teerã, Irã).
1. anestesia e Flowmetry
<ol><li>Induzir a anestesia usando 4% de isoflurano e mantê-lo com isoflurano (1-1,5%) em uma mistura de ó...

<ol>
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A., Bohlooli, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enalapril+attenuates+ischaemic+brain+oedema+and+protects+the+blood-brain+barrier+in+rats+via+an+anti-oxidant+action.">Enalapril attenuates ischaemic brain oedema and protects the blood-brain barrier in rats via an anti-oxidant action.</a> Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 41 (3), 220-226 (2014).</li><li>Panahpour, H., Nekooeian, A. A., Dehghani, G. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Blockade+of+Central+Angiotensin+II+AT1+Receptor+Protects+the+Brain+from+Ischemia/Reperfusion+Injury+in+Normotensive+Rats.">Blockade of Central Angiotensin II AT1 Receptor Protects the Brain from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Normotensive Rats.</a> Iran J Med Sci. 39 (6), 536-542 (2014).</li><li>Panahpour, H., Nekooeian, A. A., Dehghani, G. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Candesartan+attenuates+ischemic+brain+edema+and+protects+the+blood-brain+barrier+integrity+from+ischemia/reperfusion+injury+in+rats.">Candesartan attenuates ischemic brain edema and protects the blood-brain barrier integrity from ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.</a> Iran Biomed J. 18 (4), 232-238 (2014).</li><li>Kaya, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effects+of+magnesium+sulfate+on+blood-brain+barrier+disruption+caused+by+intracarotid+injection+of+hyperosmolar+mannitol+in+rats.">The effects of magnesium sulfate on blood-brain barrier disruption caused by intracarotid injection of hyperosmolar mannitol in rats.</a> Life sci. 76 (2), 201-212 (2004).</li><li>Sch&#246;ller, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterization+of+microvascular+basal+lamina+damage+and+blood-brain+barrier+dysfunction+following+subarachnoid+hemorrhage+in+rats.">Characterization of microvascular basal lamina damage and blood-brain barrier dysfunction following subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.</a> Brain Res. 1142, 237-246 (2007).</li><li>Bodsch, W., Hossmann, K. 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A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Blood-brain+barrier+tight+junction+permeability+and+ischemic+stroke.">Blood-brain barrier tight junction permeability and ischemic stroke.</a> Neurobiol Dis. 32 (2), 200-219 (2008).</li><li>Zhu, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Baicalin+reduces+the+permeability+of+the+blood-brain+barrier+during+hypoxia+in+vitro+by+increasing+the+expression+of+tight+junction+proteins+in+brain+microvascular+endothelial+cells.">Baicalin reduces the permeability of the blood-brain barrier during hypoxia in vitro by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins in brain microvascular endothelial cells.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 141 (2), 714-720 (2012).</li><li>Kucuk, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+losartan+on+the+blood-brain+barrier+permeability+in+long-term+nitric+oxide+blockade-induced+hypertensive+rats.">Effects of losartan on the blood-brain barrier permeability in long-term nitric oxide blockade-induced hypertensive rats.</a> Life Sci. 71 (8), 937-946 (2002).</li><li>Uyama, O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantitative+evaluation+of+vascular+permeability+in+the+gerbil+brain+after+transient+ischemia+using+Evans+blue+fluorescence.">Quantitative evaluation of vascular permeability in the gerbil brain after transient ischemia using Evans blue fluorescence.</a> J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 8 (2), 282-284 (1988).</li><li>Kleinig, T. J., Vink, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Suppression+of+inflammation+in+ischemic+and+hemorrhagic+stroke:+therapeutic+options.">Suppression of inflammation in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: therapeutic options.</a> Curr Opin Neurol. 22 (3), 294-301 (2009).</li><li>Del Zoppo, G. J., Mabuchi, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cerebral+microvessel+responses+to+focal+ischemia.">Cerebral microvessel responses to focal ischemia.</a> J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 23 (8), 879-894 (2003).</li><li>Fluri, F., Schuhmann, M. 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Até agora, vários métodos como autoradiografia e detecção dos traçadores radioativos24,25, microscopia de imunofluorescência26,27, EB extravasamento técnica20, e 23 têm sido utilizados para avaliar o dano da barreira hemato - encefálica. Tintura EB é fortemente podem ligar para a albumina e é usada como um marcador para detectar vazame...

Edema cerebral de vasogénico devido ao rompimento da barreira hemato - encefálica (BBB) continua a ser uma complicação importante do acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico e um importante determinante da taxa de sobrevivência no curso pacientes1,2. A barreira hemato - encefálica (BBB), que é formada por células endoteliais capilares do cérebro (BCECs) e composta por componentes neurovascular distintas (por exemplo, apertado junções entre células neuronais3, pericitos, Ralevic e BCECs), fornece uma especializados e dinâmica interface entre o sistema nervoso central (SNC) e a circulação do sangue periférico-4,5. Insultos, tais como lesões de isquémia-reperfusão poderiam perturbar a integridade funcional do BBB e conduzir a penetração posterior de leucócitos em circulação para o parênquima cerebral que em última análise, provocam inflamação cerebral e lesões cerebrais primários 6 , 7. modelos animais são necessários para a detecção exata da disfunção do BBB após ocorrência de um acidente vascular cerebral. Tais modelos são de grande importância para o estudo subjacente mecanismos fisiopatológicos e introdução de novas estratégias de neuroprotetor. Em vitro celular cultura baseado em modelos do BBB foram altamente desenvolvidos e utilizados para o estudo molecular do BBB fisiopatologia8,9,10. No entanto, na vivo modelos animais, que produzem danos isquêmicos do BBB semelhante ao humanas condições clínicas, também são muito interessante a este respeito. A detecção quantitativa do extravasamento de azul de Evans (EB) é uma técnica bem aceita e sensível que tem sido utilizada para avaliação da integridade do BBB e função em doenças neurodegenerativas, incluindo acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico11, 12 , 13 , 14. este método é cost-effective, viável, reprodutível e totalmente aplicável em qualquer laboratório experimental. Sua implementação não requer equipamentos avançados, tais como traçadores radioativos15 ou ressonância magnética (MRI)16, que são pré-requisitos para outros métodos. Neste artigo, demonstramos exaustivamente processos básicos de técnicos de avaliação de BBB usando o extravasamento de EB em modelos do rato de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico.

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			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:208px;">Isoflurane</td>
			<td style="width:203px;">Piramal</td>
			<td style="width:225px;">AWN 34041100</td>
			<td style="width:193px;">20 - 25 &#176;C</td>
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			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)</td>
			<td>Molekula</td>
			<td>31216368</td>
			<td>4 years</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Sprague&#8211;Dawley rats&#160;</td>
			<td>Pasture Institute (Tehran, Iran)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>300-350g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Evans Blue&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>314-13-6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Trichloroacetic acid&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>76-03-9</td>
			<td>2 years</td>
		</tr>
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			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Bupivacaine HCl (0.5%)</td>
			<td>Delpharm Tours</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>below&#160; 25 &#176;C</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Bupernorphine</td>
			<td>Exir (Iran)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Sodium Carbonate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>497-19-8</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Sodium chloride&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>7647-14-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Di- Sodium hydrogen phosphate</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore&#160;</td>
			<td>231-448-7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;">Potassium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>&#160;7447-40-7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:208px;">Ethanol&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>64-17-5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">silicone(Xantopren)</td>
			<td>Heraeus</td>
			<td>EN ISO 4823</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Activator universal plus</td>
			<td>Heraeus</td>
			<td>66037445</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Micro-Dissecting forceps</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>52100-41</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Spring Scisors</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>52130-00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Operating&#160; Scissors</td>
			<td>Roboz</td>
			<td>52140-70</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Brain matrix&#160;</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>51390</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Anesthesia Machine for Small Animals |</td>
			<td>&#160;Kent Scientific</td>
			<td>SS-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Power Lab system</td>
			<td>AD Instruments</td>
			<td>ML880</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Laser Doppler flowmeter</td>
			<td>AD Instruments</td>
			<td>ML191</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Heating feed back system</td>
			<td>Harvard Appratus</td>
			<td>72-7560</td>
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			<td>FineScience Tools</td>
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			<td>Ethicon</td>
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			<td height="22" style="height:22px;">Ethilon 4-0 suture thread&#160;</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
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an in vivo assessment of blood-brain barrier disruption in a rat model of ischemic stroke

Acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico leva a edema cerebral vasogénico e lesões cerebrais primários posteriores, que é mediada através da destruição da barreira hemato - encefálica (BBB). Ratos com isquemia induzida foram estabelecidos e usados como modelos na vivo para investigar a integridade funcional do BBB. Detecção espectrofotométrica de azul de Evans (EB) em amostras de cérebro com lesão isquêmica poderia fornecer uma justificação confiável para pesquisa e desenvolvimento de novas modalidades terapêuticas. Esse método gera resultados reprodutíveis e é aplicável em qualquer laboratório sem a necessidade de equipamento especial. Aqui, apresentamos uma orientação técnica e visualizada na detecção do extravasamento de EB após indução de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico em ratos.

Não houve diferença significativa nos níveis EB no hemisfério direito vs hemisfério esquerdo dos ratos operação (1,06 ± 0,1 µ g/g e 1,1 ± 0,09 µ g/g, respectivamente). Conforme mostrado nas figuras 2A-2B, indução de isquemia transitória (90 min isquemia / reperfusão 24h) causou uma diferença significativa nos níveis de EB (10,41 ± 0,84 µ g/g, p < 0,001) no hemisfério esquerdo de ratos isquêmicos, em comparação com os respectivos Hemisfério...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An In Vivo Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke at JoVE.com

An In Vivo Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Uma avaliação In Vivo do rompimento da barreira hemato - encefálica em um modelo do rato de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico

O objetivo geral deste procedimento é fornecer uma técnica altamente reprodutível para avaliação na vivo do rompimento da barreira hemato - encefálica em modelos do rato de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico.

Ischemic stroke leads to vasogenic cerebral edema and subsequent primary brain injury, which is mediated through destruction of the blood-brain barrier ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

An In Vivo Assessment of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Generation of an Immortalized Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Line as an In Vitro Blood Brain Barrier Model

Generation of an Immortalized Murine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Line as an In Vitro Blood Brain Barrier Model

Geração de uma Murine Cérebro Imortalizado linha celular endotelial microvascular como um<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Sangue Cérebro Modelo Barreira

Epithelial and endothelial cells (EC) are building paracellular barriers which protect the tissue from the external and internal environment. The ...

Neurociência

Functional Neuroimaging Using Ultrasonic Blood-brain Barrier Disruption and Manganese-enhanced MRI

Neuroimagem Funcional Usando rompimento da barreira hemato-encefálica ultra-sônico e Manganês-RM

Although mice are the dominant model system for studying the genetic and molecular underpinnings of neuroscience, functional neuroimaging in mice remains ...

Assessment of Blood-brain Barrier Permeability by Intravenous Infusion of FITC-labeled Albumin in a Mouse Model of Neurodegenerative Disease

Avaliação da permeabilidade da barreira hemato - encefálica por infusão intravenosa de albumina FITC-etiquetadas em um modelo do rato da doença neurodegenerativa

Disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is a common feature for different neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Although the interplay ...

An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers

An In Vivo Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Assay in Mice Using Fluorescently Labeled Tracers

Na Vivo barreira hemato - encefálica permeabilidade ensaio nos ratos usando fluorescente etiquetado traçadores

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized barrier that protects the brain microenvironment from toxins and pathogens in the circulation and maintains ...

A Preclinical Model to Assess Brain Recovery After Acute Stroke in Rats

Um modelo pré-clínico para avaliar a recuperação do cérebro após acidente vascular cerebral agudo em ratos

The purpose of this study was to establish and validate an animal brain ischemia model in the recovery and sequela stages. A middle cerebral artery ...

A Benchtop Approach to the Location Specific Blood Brain Barrier Opening using Focused Ultrasound in a Rat Model

Uma abordagem benchtop para a abertura da barreira cerebral de sangue específica do local usando ultrassom focado em um modelo de rato

Stereotaxic surgery is the gold standard for localized drug and gene delivery to the rodent brain. This technique has many advantages over systemic ...

Measuring Post-Stroke Cerebral Edema, Infarct Zone and Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in a Single Set of Rodent Brain Samples

Medição de edema cerebral pós-acidente vascular cerebral, zona de infarto e quebra da barreira hematoencefálica em um único conjunto de amostras cerebrais de roedores

One of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide is ischemic stroke. Historically, an animal model used to stimulate ischemic stroke ...

A Rat Model of EcoHIV Brain Infection

Um modelo de rato de infecção cerebral ecohiv

It has been well studied that the EcoHIV infected mouse model is of significant utility in investigating HIV associated neurological complications. ...

Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Indução e Avaliação de Dyskinesias induzidas por Levodopa em um modelo de rato da doença de Parkinson

Levodopa (L-DOPA) remains the gold-standard therapy used to treat Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) motor symptoms. However, unwanted involuntary movements ...

Transendothelial Resistance Measurement to Assess Cell Barrier Integrity

Barrier Functional Integrity Recording on bEnd.3 Vascular Endothelial Cells via Transendothelial Electrical Resistance Detection

Applications of TEER Detection to Assess Cell Barrier Integrity (Video) | JoVE

Registro da Integridade Funcional da Barreira em bEnd.3 Células Endoteliais Vasculares via Detecção de Resistência Elétrica Transendotelial

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic physiological structure composed of microvascular endothelial cells, astrocytes, and pericytes. By coordinating ...