Name: neuroimaging field methods using functional near infrared spectroscopy (nirs) neuroimaging to study global child development: rural sub-saharan africa
Uploaded: 2018-02-02T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Neuroimaging Field Methods Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy NIRS Neuroimaging to Study Global Child Development: Rural Sub-Saharan Africa at JoVE.c

这项研究是通过雅各布斯基金会的早期职业奖学金 Jasinska (奖学金编号: 2015 118455) 进行的。作者还希望确认 Blahoua、？塔、阿丽亚娜、布莱斯袋鼠和伊薇特胶片在数据收集和现场支持方面的协助。特别感谢 Moapé、Ananguié、Affery 和 Becouefin 的家人和孩子们, 他们参与了这个研究项目和村庄的热情款待。

这里描述的所有方法都得到了特拉华大学机构审查委员会 (IRB) 的批准。
1. 移动实验室的运输和设置
<ol><li>
与 fNIRS 设备一起旅行
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<li>运输 fNIRS 设备。 注: fNIRS 设备可作为托运行李在一家大型国际航空公司运输, 但必须与指定航空公司确认。设备限制可能因原产地或目的地国而异。另外, fNIRS 设备也可以装运。</li>
		<li>了解为目的地国进口或使用 fNIRS 设备?...

<ol>
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本文提出了一种适用于偏远地区低资源环境的野外神经影像协议。该领域神经影像学协议的关键进展是首次在理解 (或从未研究过的) 情境中研究大脑功能及其发展的能力。本议定书的关键步骤包括与在没有电力或可利用设施的热带气候环境下进行高质量数据收集的流动实验室的旅行和建立。本议定书为与当地的科学、教育和政府机构建立强有力的伙伴关系提供了一项一般性指南, 我们强调了在成?...

便携式 fNIRS 成像提供了研究的能力, 在实验室以外的大脑功能和发展, 在以前无法进入的设置或与理解的人口。认知神经科学领域的许多知识来源于在大学或医院实验室进行的影像学研究, 主要是在西方国家。根据设计, 这有助于在研究中很少提到的问题: 大部分是已知的大脑是基于研究与参与者为他们的实验室设置在 (主要) 西方国家是容易接近的。这是, 大多数神经影像学研究的参与者谁住在合理接近的神经影像实验室, 并有时间和资源, 参与研究的必要。作为一个学科, 认知神经科学的目的是了解大脑和影响其发展的因素, 包括儿童的环境和他们的早期生活经历的强大影响1,2,3。方法, 以提高领域的能力, 研究发展, 在更广泛的人类经验, 可以大大提高理解的复杂关系之间的大脑发展和生活经验, 塑造它。
本文提出了一种用于野外神经影像的方案, 该协议是为在撒哈拉以南非洲地区, 特别是在科特迪瓦南部地区使用而开发的。这一领域的神经影像研究计划的目的是了解儿童的阅读发展在一个高风险的文盲环境。科特迪瓦的青年 (15-24 岁) 识字率为 53%, 尽管93% 小学入学率为4。科特迪瓦是世界上可可的主要来源, 在可可农业部门估计有130万童工, 有5。然而, 关于童工对大脑发育和学习的影响, 特别是学习阅读, 人们知之甚少。应用认知神经科学的最新工具,即便携式影像学方法, 可以对儿童的学习结果产生宝贵的洞察力。例如, 与 fNIRS 的现场神经影像学可以允许确定在哪些目标的教育方案或干预可能对儿童的学习结果的最大影响。
fNIRS 神经影像非常适合野外研究。类似于功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI), fNIRS 测量大脑的血流动力学反应6。然而, fNIRS 使用一系列的发光 optodes 和光探测器, 而不是产生电磁场。在测试区或附近没有对金属的限制, 也没有必要的电屏蔽, 如脑电图 (eeg) 的情况。fNIRS 的一个主要优点是它的可移植性 (即,某些系统可能适合于手提箱) 和易用性。fNIRS 也易于与儿童一起使用;这个孩子在实验中舒适地坐在椅子上, 而 fNIRS 系统比 fMRI 更能容忍运动。与 fmri 相比, fNIRS 也提供了单独的措施, 氧 (评论) 和氧合血红蛋白 (HbO) 在录音, 与 fmri, 产生一个联合的血氧浓度密度 (大胆) 措施。fNIRS 有优越的时间分辨率功能磁共振成像: 采样率可以在7-15 赫兹之间变化. fNIRS 具有良好的空间分辨率: fNIRS 在人类皮层中的记录深度小于 fmri, 测量深度约3至4厘米, 非常适合研究皮质功能, 特别是与婴儿和儿童谁比成人更薄的头骨3,7,8,9,10。
该领域的神经影像协议概述了旅行和建立一个便携式神经影像实验室在低资源环境下的考虑。该议定书还强调了与当地科学伙伴进行有意义的长期合作的基本性质, 以及这种方法为建立当地科学能力提供了何种途径。从语言、阅读和认知任务的电池中收集和分析 fNIRS 脑数据的神经影像协议, 包括为成像研究创建符合文化需要的知情同意程序的建议。虽然该议定书是为在科特迪瓦农村的小学生进行认知发展研究而设计的, 但该议定书对于在具有挑战性、资源低的环境中进行的任何现场神经成像研究都非常相关, 而且可以适应于新上下文.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>LIGHTNIRS Main Unit Pack 120V</td>
			<td>Shimadzu</td>
			<td>292-34000-42</td>
			<td>Component of the fNIRS system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HOLDER ASSY, ALL- CAP</td>
			<td>Shimadzu</td>
			<td>594-07618-01</td>
			<td>Component of the fNIRS system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LIGHTNIRS connection cable</td>
			<td>Shimadzu</td>
			<td>567-10976-11</td>
			<td>fNIRS system component</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fiber set for LIGHTNIRS, 1m (8 sets)</td>
			<td>Shimadzu</td>
			<td>567-11350-01</td>
			<td>fNIRS system component</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dell Latitude Laptop</td>
			<td>Shimadzu (from Dell)</td>
			<td>220-97322-00</td>
			<td>Master computer to run fNIRS applications</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PATRIOT SEU (System Electronics Unit)</td>
			<td>POLHEMUS</td>
			<td>1A0453-001</td>
			<td>PATRIOT System component</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Power Supply</td>
			<td>POLHEMUS</td>
			<td>2C0809</td>
			<td>PATRIOT System component</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Power Supply cord</td>
			<td>POLHEMUS</td>
			<td>17500B-BLK</td>
			<td>PATRIOT System component</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RS-232 null modem cable</td>
			<td>POLHEMUS</td>
			<td>1C0288</td>
			<td>PATRIOT System component</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>USB cable</td>
			<td>POLHEMUS</td>
			<td>1C0289</td>
			<td>PATRIOT System component</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RX2 Sensor 10&#39; cable</td>
			<td>POLHEMUS</td>
			<td>4A0492-20</td>
			<td>PATRIOT System component</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TX2 Source 10&#39; cable</td>
			<td>POLHEMUS</td>
			<td>4A0506-20</td>
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neuroimaging field methods using functional near infrared spectroscopy (nirs) neuroimaging to study global child development: rural sub-saharan africa

便携式神经影像学方法提供了新的进展, 研究大脑功能和大脑发育与以前无法访问的人口和偏远地区。本文介绍了野外功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 成像技术在科特迪瓦农村乡村地区儿童语言、阅读和认知发展研究中的发展。在方法上的创新和文化上适当的神经影像协议的发展允许第一次研究大脑的发展和儿童的学习结果在理解环境。本文阐述了运输和建立移动实验室的协议, 讨论了野外与实验室神经影像的考虑, 并提出了发展神经影像同意程序和建立有意义的长期与当地政府和科学伙伴的合作。便携式神经影像学方法可用于研究复杂的儿童发育环境, 包括严重的贫困和逆境对大脑发育的影响。在这里提出的议定书是为世界上可可的主要来源科特迪瓦而开发的, 在可可部门有关于童工的报告是普遍的。然而, 关于童工对大脑发育和学习的影响却知之甚少。现场神经影像学方法有可能对这些紧迫问题产生新的见解, 并在全球范围内发展儿童。

3D 数字化仪获得的探针位置数据 (图 2) 可以在标准的大脑模板上进行可视化。使用近红外光谱仪的独立注册函数25将 fNIRS 通道注册到 MNI 空间。空间注册功能产生 MNI 坐标, 解剖标签, 和 Brodmann 面积最大的代表每个通道。
<img alt="Figure 2" class="xfigimg" src="/files/ftp_upload/57165/57165fig2.jpg"> <stro...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Neuroimaging Field Methods Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy NIRS Neuroimaging to Study Global Child Development: Rural Sub-Saharan Africa at JoVE.c

Neuroimaging Field Methods Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy NIRS Neuroimaging to Study Global Child Development: Rural Sub-Saharan Africa

便携式神经影像学方法 (功能近红外光谱) 提供了研究的大脑在以前无法进入的地区的进展;在这里, 科特迪瓦农村。创新的方法和发展的文化适当的神经影像协议允许新的研究大脑的发展和儿童的学习结果在严重的贫困和逆境的环境。

利用功能近红外光谱成像技术研究全球儿童发展: 农村撒哈拉以南非洲地区的神经影像场方法

Portable neuroimaging approaches provide new advances to the study of brain function and brain development with previously inaccessible populations and in ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Neuroimaging Field Methods Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Neuroimaging to Study Global Child Development: Rural Sub-Saharan Africa

Basics of Multivariate Analysis in Neuroimaging Data

多元分析的基础，在影像学资料

Multivariate analysis techniques for neuroimaging data have recently received increasing attention as they have many attractive features that cannot be ...

科研

神经科学

Using MazeSuite and Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy to Study Learning in Spatial Navigation

使用近红外光谱MazeSuite和功能研究学习空间导航

MazeSuite is a complete toolset to prepare, present and analyze navigational and spatial experiments1. MazeSuite can be used to design and edit adapted ...

Local and Global Methods of Assessing Thermal Nociception in Drosophila Larvae

Local and Global Methods of Assessing Thermal Nociception in Drosophila Larvae

局部和全局的方法评估热痛觉<em&gt;果蝇</em&gt;幼虫

In this article, we demonstrate assays to study thermal nociception in Drosophila larvae. One assay involves spatially-restricted (local) stimulation of ...

Functional Neuroimaging Using Ultrasonic Blood-brain Barrier Disruption and Manganese-enhanced MRI

使用超声波血脑屏障破坏和锰增强MRI的脑功能成像

Although mice are the dominant model system for studying the genetic and molecular underpinnings of neuroscience, functional neuroimaging in mice remains ...

New Methods to Study Gustatory Coding

研究风味编码的新方法

The sense of taste allows animals to detect chemicals in the environment, giving rise to behaviors critical for survival. When Gustatory Receptor Neurons ...

Conducting Hyperscanning Experiments with Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

利用功能近红外光谱进行超扫描实验

Concurrent brain recordings of two or more interacting persons, an approach termed hyperscanning, are gaining increasing importance for our understanding ...

Conducting Concurrent Electroencephalography and Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Recordings with a Flanker Task

使用 Flanker 任务进行并发脑电图和功能近红外光谱记录

Concurrent EEG and fNIRS recordings offer an excellent opportunity to gain a full understanding of the neural mechanism of cognitive processing by ...

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

扩散MRI造影术在内窥镜内窥镜颅骨基础外科中的作用

Endoscopic endonasal surgery has gained a prominent role in the management of complex skull base tumors. It allows the resection of a large group of ...

Qualitative and Comparative Cortical Activity Data Analyses from a Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Experiment Applying Block Design

功能近红外光谱实验应用块设计的定性和比较皮质活动数据分析

Neuroimaging studies play a pivotal role in the evaluation of pre- vs. post-interventional neurological conditions such as in rehabilitation and surgical ...