Name: a simple method for isolation of soybean protoplasts and application to transient gene expression analyses
Uploaded: 2018-01-25T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Simple Method for Isolation of Soybean Protoplasts and Application to Transient Gene Expression Analyses at JoVE.com

この作品は、全米科学財団 (NSF-PGRP IOS-1339388) から植物ゲノム研究プログラムによって支えられました。

1. 植物の成長
<ol><li>大豆の 5-10 ダイズ種子 (ウィリアムズ 82) 長日条件 (16 h 1,500 µmol m-2の-1光) カスタム土壌ミックスの 25 ° c の下で温室で 13 cm ポットに種をまく (、1: 土、パーライト、魚雷の砂の比率 1:1)。</li>
</ol>2. DNA のプラスミッドの準備
<ol><li>滅菌ピペット チップやつまようじを使用すると、単一コロニーを大腸菌興味の遺伝子を含んでい?...

<ol>
	<li>Melchers, G., Labib, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Somatic+hybridisation+of+plants+by+fusion+of+protoplasts.">Somatic hybridisation of plants by fusion of protoplasts.</a> Mol. Gen. Genet. 135 (4), 277-294 (1974).</li><li>Gresshoff, P. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vitro+culture+of+white+clover:+callus,+suspension,+protoplast+culture,+and+plant+regeneration.">In vitro culture of white clover: callus, suspension, protoplast culture, and plant regeneration.</a> Bot. Gaz. 141 (2), 157-164 (1980).</li><li>L&#246;rz, H., Baker, B., Schell, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gene+transfer+to+cereal+cells+mediated+by+protoplast+transformation.">Gene transfer to cereal cells mediated by protoplast transformation.</a> Mol. Gen. Genet. 199 (2), 178-182 (1985).</li><li>Hayashimoto, A., Li, Z., Murai, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+polyethylene+glycol-mediated+protoplast+transformation+system+for+production+of+fertile+transgenic+rice+plants.">A polyethylene glycol-mediated protoplast transformation system for production of fertile transgenic rice plants.</a> Plant Physiol. 93 (3), 857-863 (1990).</li><li>Koop, H. -. U., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Integration+of+foreign+sequences+into+the+tobacco+plastome+via+polyethylene+glycol-mediated+protoplast+transformation.">Integration of foreign sequences into the tobacco plastome via polyethylene glycol-mediated protoplast transformation.</a> Planta. 199 (2), 193-201 (1996).</li><li>Hrazdina, G., Wagner, G. J., Siegelman, H. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Subcellular+localization+of+enzymes+of+anthocyanin+biosynthesis+in+protoplasts.">Subcellular localization of enzymes of anthocyanin biosynthesis in protoplasts.</a> Phytochemistry. 17 (1), 53-56 (1978).</li><li>Lin, W., Wittenbach, V. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Subcellular+localization+of+proteases+in+wheat+and+corn+mesophyll+protoplasts.">Subcellular localization of proteases in wheat and corn mesophyll protoplasts.</a> Plant Physiol. 67 (5), 969-972 (1981).</li><li>V&#246;geli-Lange, R., Wagner, G. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Subcellular+localization+of+cadmium+and+cadmium-binding+peptides+in+tobacco+leaves.">Subcellular localization of cadmium and cadmium-binding peptides in tobacco leaves.</a> Plant Physiol. 92 (4), 1086-1093 (1990).</li><li>Chen, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+highly+efficient+transient+protoplast+system+for+analyzing+defence+gene+expression+and+protein-protein+interactions+in+rice.">A highly efficient transient protoplast system for analyzing defence gene expression and protein-protein interactions in rice.</a> Mol. Plant Pathol. 7 (5), 417-427 (2006).</li><li>Wu, F. -. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tape-Arabidopsis+Sandwich-a+simpler+Arabidopsis+protoplast+isolation+method.">Tape-Arabidopsis Sandwich-a simpler Arabidopsis protoplast isolation method.</a> Plant methods. 5 (1), 16 (2009).</li><li>Christensen, A. H., Sharrock, R. A., Quail, P. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Maize+polyubiquitin+genes:+structure,+thermal+perturbation+of+expression+and+transcript+splicing,+and+promoter+activity+following+transfer+to+protoplasts+by+electroporation.">Maize polyubiquitin genes: structure, thermal perturbation of expression and transcript splicing, and promoter activity following transfer to protoplasts by electroporation.</a> Plant Mol. Biol. 18 (4), 675-689 (1992).</li><li>Marcotte, W. R., Bayley, C. C., Quatrano, R. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+a+wheat+promoter+by+abscisic+acid+in+rice+protoplasts.">Regulation of a wheat promoter by abscisic acid in rice protoplasts.</a> Nature. 335 (6189), 454-457 (1988).</li><li>Dron, M., Clouse, S. D., Dixon, R. A., Lawton, M. A., Lamb, C. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Glutathione+and+fungal+elicitor+regulation+of+a+plant+defense+gene+promoter+in+electroporated+protoplasts.">Glutathione and fungal elicitor regulation of a plant defense gene promoter in electroporated protoplasts.</a> P. Natl. A. Sci. USA. 85 (18), 6738-6742 (1988).</li><li>Cocking, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+method+for+the+isolation+of+plant+protoplasts+and+vacuoles.">A method for the isolation of plant protoplasts and vacuoles.</a> Nature. 187 (4741), 962-963 (1960).</li><li>Zhang, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transgenic+rice+plants+produced+by+electroporation-mediated+plasmid+uptake+into+protoplasts.">Transgenic rice plants produced by electroporation-mediated plasmid uptake into protoplasts.</a> Plant Cell Rep. 7 (6), 379-384 (1988).</li><li>Fromm, M., Taylor, L. P., Walbot, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+genes+transferred+into+monocot+and+dicot+plant+cells+by+electroporation.">Expression of genes transferred into monocot and dicot plant cells by electroporation.</a> P. Natl. A. Sci. USA. 82 (17), 5824-5828 (1985).</li><li>Crossway, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Integration+of+foreign+DNA+following+microinjection+of+tobacco+mesophyll+protoplasts.">Integration of foreign DNA following microinjection of tobacco mesophyll protoplasts.</a> Mol. Gen. Genet. 202 (2), 179-185 (1986).</li><li>Holm, P. B., Olsen, O., Schnorf, M., Brinch-Pedersen, H., Knudsen, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transformation+of+barley+by+microinjection+into+isolated+zygote+protoplasts.">Transformation of barley by microinjection into isolated zygote protoplasts.</a> Transgenic Res. 9 (1), 21-32 (2000).</li><li>Schapire, A. L., Lois, L. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+simplified+and+rapid+method+for+the+isolation+and+transfection+of+Arabidopsis+leaf+mesophyll+protoplasts+for+large-scale+applications.">A simplified and rapid method for the isolation and transfection of Arabidopsis leaf mesophyll protoplasts for large-scale applications.</a> Plant Signal Transduction: Methods and Protocols. 1363, 79-88 (2016).</li><li>Niedz, R. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regeneration+of+somatic+embryos+from+sweet+orange+(C.+sinensis)+protoplasts+using+semi-permeable+membranes.">Regeneration of somatic embryos from sweet orange (C. sinensis) protoplasts using semi-permeable membranes.</a> Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 84 (3), 353-357 (2006).</li><li>Sheng, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protoplast+isolation+and+plant+regeneration+of+different+doubled+haploid+lines+of+cauliflower+(Brassica+oleracea+var.+botrytis).">Protoplast isolation and plant regeneration of different doubled haploid lines of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis).</a> Plant Cell Tiss. Org. 107 (3), 513-520 (2011).</li><li>Grun, P., Chu, L. -. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+of+plants+from+protoplasts+of+Solanum+(Solanaceae).">Development of plants from protoplasts of Solanum (Solanaceae).</a> Am. J. Bot. 65 (5), 538-543 (1978).</li><li>Davey, M. R., Anthony, P., Power, J. B., Lowe, K. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Plant+protoplasts:+status+and+biotechnological+perspectives.">Plant protoplasts: status and biotechnological perspectives.</a> Biotechnol. Adv. 23 (2), 131-171 (2005).</li><li>Pitzschke, A., Persak, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Poinsettia+protoplasts-a+simple,+robust+and+efficient+system+for+transient+gene+expression+studies.">Poinsettia protoplasts-a simple, robust and efficient system for transient gene expression studies.</a> Plant methods. 8 (1), 14 (2012).</li><li>Yoo, S. -. D., Cho, Y. -. H., Sheen, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Arabidopsis+mesophyll+protoplasts:+a+versatile+cell+system+for+transient+gene+expression+analysis.">Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts: a versatile cell system for transient gene expression analysis.</a> Nat. Protoc. 2 (7), 1565 (2007).</li><li>Sedivy, E. J., Wu, F., Hanzawa, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Soybean+domestication:+the+origin,+genetic+architecture+and+molecular+bases.">Soybean domestication: the origin, genetic architecture and molecular bases.</a> New Phytol. 214 (2), 539-553 (2017).</li><li>Yang, Y., Li, R., Qi, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+analysis+of+plant+promoters+and+transcription+factors+by+agroinfiltration+of+tobacco+leaves.">In vivo analysis of plant promoters and transcription factors by agroinfiltration of tobacco leaves.</a> Plant J. 22 (6), 543-551 (2000).</li><li>Marion, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Systematic+analysis+of+protein+subcellular+localization+and+interaction+using+high-throughput+transient+transformation+of+Arabidopsis+seedlings.">Systematic analysis of protein subcellular localization and interaction using high-throughput transient transformation of Arabidopsis seedlings.</a> Plant J. 56 (1), 169-179 (2008).</li><li>Wu, H. -. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=AGROBEST:+an+efficient+Agrobacterium-mediated+transient+expression+method+for+versatile+gene+function+analyses+in+Arabidopsis+seedlings.">AGROBEST: an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression method for versatile gene function analyses in Arabidopsis seedlings.</a> Plant methods. 10 (1), 19 (2014).</li><li>Govindarajulu, M., Elmore, J. M., Fester, T., Taylor, C. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+constitutive+viral+promoters+in+transgenic+soybean+roots+and+nodules.">Evaluation of constitutive viral promoters in transgenic soybean roots and nodules.</a> Mol Plant Pathol. 21 (8), 1027-1035 (2008).</li><li>Nagamatsu, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functional+analysis+of+soybean+genes+involved+in+flavonoid+biosynthesis+by+virus-induced+gene+silencing.">Functional analysis of soybean genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis by virus-induced gene silencing.</a> Plant Biotechnol. J. 5 (6), 778-790 (2007).</li><li>Juvale, P. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Temporal+and+spatial+Bean+pod+mottle+virus-induced+gene+silencing+in+soybean.">Temporal and spatial Bean pod mottle virus-induced gene silencing in soybean.</a> Mol. Plant Pathol. 13 (9), 1140-1148 (2012).</li><li>Zhang, C., Bradshaw, J. D., Whitham, S. A., Hill, J. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+development+of+an+efficient+multipurpose+bean+pod+mottle+virus+viral+vector+set+for+foreign+gene+expression+and+RNA+silencing.">The development of an efficient multipurpose bean pod mottle virus viral vector set for foreign gene expression and RNA silencing.</a> Plant Physiol. 153 (1), 52-65 (2010).</li><li>Lin, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+of+mesophyll+protoplasts+from+mature+leaves+of+soybeans.">Isolation of mesophyll protoplasts from mature leaves of soybeans.</a> Plant Physiol. 73 (4), 1067-1069 (1983).</li><li>Yi, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+single-repeat+MYB+transcription+factor,+GmMYB176,+regulates+CHS8+gene+expression+and+affects+isoflavonoid+biosynthesis+in+soybean.">A single-repeat MYB transcription factor, GmMYB176, regulates CHS8 gene expression and affects isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean.</a> Plant J. 62 (6), 1019-1034 (2010).</li><li>Faria, J. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+NAC+domain-containing+protein,+GmNAC6,+is+a+downstream+component+of+the+ER+stress-and+osmotic+stress-induced+NRP-mediated+cell-death+signaling+pathway.">The NAC domain-containing protein, GmNAC6, is a downstream component of the ER stress-and osmotic stress-induced NRP-mediated cell-death signaling pathway.</a> BMC Plant Biol. 11 (1), 129 (2011).</li><li>Kidokoro, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Soybean+DREB1/CBF-type+transcription+factors+function+in+heat+and+drought+as+well+as+cold+stress-responsive+gene+expression.">Soybean DREB1/CBF-type transcription factors function in heat and drought as well as cold stress-responsive gene expression.</a> Plant J. 81 (3), 505-518 (2015).</li><li>Sun, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Targeted+mutagenesis+in+soybean+using+the+CRISPR-Cas9+system.">Targeted mutagenesis in soybean using the CRISPR-Cas9 system.</a> Sci Rep-UK. 5, 10342 (2015).</li><li>Karimi, M., Inz&#233;, D., Depicker, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=GATEWAY&#8482;+vectors+for+Agrobacterium-mediated+plant+transformation.">GATEWAY&#8482; vectors for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation.</a> Trends Plant Sci. 7 (5), 193-195 (2002).</li><li>Xia, Z., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Positional+cloning+and+characterization+reveal+the+molecular+basis+for+soybean+maturity+locus+E1+that+regulates+photoperiodic+flowering.">Positional cloning and characterization reveal the molecular basis for soybean maturity locus E1 that regulates photoperiodic flowering.</a> P. Natl. A. Sci. USA. 109 (32), E2155-E2164 (2012).</li></ol>

ダイズプロトプと一過性発現研究への応用の分離のこのプロトコルは徹底的にテストされており、当研究室では非常にうまきます。手順はシンプルで簡単な一般的な機器を最小コストを必要とされます。我々 のプロトコルは、以前に報告された方法34,35,36,37,38に比べて?...

プロトプ ラストは、削除される細胞壁を持つ植物細胞です。機能のほとんどは、植物細胞の活動を管理するのでプロトプ ラスト観察・多様な携帯電話イベントを評価する良いモデル系、1体の交配を研究し、植物の再生2する貴重なツールです。プロトプ ラストは、細胞壁がブロックされセルに DNA の通過以来工場変換3,4、5、また広く利用されています。プロトプ ラストは生理学的な応答のいくつか、したがって細胞内タンパク質局在6,7、8を研究する基礎研究の基本的な値を提供して、そのまま植物の細胞プロセスを所有しています。蛋白質蛋白質の相互作用の9,10、プロモーター活動11,12,13ではセルを住んでいます。
196014で最初に報告された植物プロトプ ラストの分離と分離とプロトプ ラストの変形のためのプロトコルを開発し、最適化します。葉の切断と非消化組織破片からリリースされた原形質体の分離に続いて、細胞壁の酵素消化、原形質体の隔離の標準的な手順が含まれます。エレクトロポレーション15,16、マイクロインジェクション17,18、およびポリエチレング リコール (PEG)4,5,19手法変革戦略が含まれています。種の広い範囲は、原形質体の隔離、柑橘類20、アブラナ科21、ナス科22その他の観賞用植物家族23,24を含む成功報告されています。モデル植物シロイヌナズナの葉から分離したシロイヌナズナ葉肉プロトプ ラスト (TEAMP) に一過性発現系が確立した25をされている様々 な種では、多様な組織型が使用されて、多様なアプリケーションに広く採用されています。
大豆 (最高グリシン(l.)ダイズ) 最も重要なタンパク質の 1 つで、油作物26。異なり、シロイヌナズナイネ、遺伝子組み換え大豆の植物を得ることはむしろ困難と低効率に知られています。アグロバクテリウム-仲介された浸潤一般に使用されているタバコ27で表皮細胞およびシロイヌナズナ28,29, 苗の一時的な遺伝子発現研究に対しサツマイモネコブセンチュウは大豆30植物毛状根の変形のために使用されています。ウイルス誘導性遺伝子のサイレンシング アプローチは、ターゲット遺伝子の31,32と過渡式の33のダウンレギュレーションを系統的に利用されています。プロトプ ラストは、貴重な汎用性の高いこれらのアプローチ方法を提供します。プロトプ ラストは大豆の地上材料から得ることが、発現の迅速かつ同期ができます。しかし、1983年34ダイズプロトプ ラストの最初の成功した分離以来報告されている限られた大豆35,36,37,プロトプ ラストの応用38、主にダイズプロトプ ラストの比較的低い収穫のため。
ここでは、ダイズプロトプ ラストの分離のためのシンプルで効率的なプロトコルと一時的な遺伝子発現研究への応用について述べる。ダイズ芽ばえから若い単葉の葉を使用すると、数時間以内の重要なプロトプ ラストの大量を取得することができました。さらに、ペグによるカルシウムの変換法はシンプルで高効率で大豆プロトプ ラストに DNA を提供する低コストを最適化しています。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="723">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">MES</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Sigma Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">M8250-100G</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Cellulase CELF</td>
			<td>Worthington Biological Corporation</td>
			<td>LS002611</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Pectolyase Y-23</td>
			<td>BioWorld</td>
			<td>9033-35-6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">CELLULASE &#34;ONOZUKA&#34; R-10</td>
			<td>yakult</td>
			<td>10g</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">MACEROZYME R-10</td>
			<td>yakult</td>
			<td>10g</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Mannitol</td>
			<td>ICN Biomedicals&#160;</td>
			<td>152540</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">CaCl2</td>
			<td>Fisher&#160;</td>
			<td>C79-500g&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">BSA</td>
			<td>NEB</td>
			<td>R3535S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DTT</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>D5545-5G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">NaCl</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>S7653-1kg</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">KCl</td>
			<td>Fisher&#160;</td>
			<td>P217-500g&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">MgCl2</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich&#160;</td>
			<td>M8266-100g</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">PEG4000</td>
			<td>Fluka</td>
			<td>81240</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">nylon mesh</td>
			<td>carolina</td>
			<td>652222N</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">Tissue Culture Plates&#160;</td>
			<td>USA Scientific</td>
			<td>CC7682-7506</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">Razor Blades</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Fisher</td>
			<td>12-640</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">hemacytometer</td>
			<td>hausserscientific</td>
			<td>1483</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">QIAprep Spin Miniprep Kit</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Qiagen</td>
			<td>27104</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">EZNA plasmid miniprep kit</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Omega</td>
			<td>D6942-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">GeneJET Plasmid Miniprep Kit</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>K0502</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">Centrifuge 5810</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">eppendorf</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">5811000827</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">Centrifuge 5424</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">eppendorf</td>
			<td>22620401</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">Jencons Powerpette Plus Pipet Controller</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Jencons</td>
			<td>14526-202</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:25px;width:256px;">Zeiss 710 Confocal Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Zeiss</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="33">
			<td height="33" style="height:33px;width:256px;">Nonstick, RNase-free Microfuge Tubes, 1.5 mL</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Ambion</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">AM12450</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">15 mL Centrifuge Tubes</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Denville</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">C1018-P</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">50 mL Centrifuge Tubes</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Denville</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">C1060-P</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">Newborn Calf Serum</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">16010159</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">Soil</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Ingram&#39;s Nursery</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">perlite</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Vigoro</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">100521091</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">Torpedo Sand</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">JKS Ventures</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:256px;">LB Broth, Lennox (Powder)</td>
			<td style="width:181px;">Fisher</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">BP1427-500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a simple method for isolation of soybean protoplasts and application to transient gene expression analyses

大豆 (最高グリシン(l.)ダイズ) は重要な作物を遺伝学的、生化学的経路の研究マメ科のモデルとなっています。そのため、大豆の効率的な一過的遺伝子発現系を確立することが重要です。ダイズプロトプ ラストの準備のための単純なプロトコルと非定常の機能解析への応用を報告します。ダイズ芽ばえから若い単葉の葉が高品質のプロトプ ラストの大量に起因したと分かった。ペグ カルシウム仲介された変形方法を最適化することにより、大豆含むプロトプ ラストを用いた高い変換効率を達成しました。このシステムは、ライブ ダイズ細胞における複雑な規制とシグナル伝達メカニズムの検討の効率的かつ汎用性の高いモデルを提供し、ヘルプは、マメ科植物の多様な細胞・発達・生理学的なプロセスを理解するかもしれない。

プロトプ ラストの調製 (図 1) を 10 日間の古い大豆のさまざまな器官を調べた (図 2) 顕微鏡下では認められなかった.胚軸, 上胚軸から細胞壁がほとんど消化して、そしていくつかの細胞 (図 2 b, 2 C) 互いに接続されています。子葉 (図 2 D) とルート (図 ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Simple Method for Isolation of Soybean Protoplasts and Application to Transient Gene Expression Analyses at JoVE.com

A Simple Method for Isolation of Soybean Protoplasts and Application to Transient Gene Expression Analyses

我々 は生きているセルで複雑な規制とシグナル伝達メカニズムを研究するダイズプロトプ ラストの大量の準備のためシンプルで効率的なプロトコルを開発しました。

簡便な分離大豆プロトプ ラストと一過的遺伝子発現解析への応用

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an important crop species and has become a legume model for the studies of genetic and biochemical pathways. ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

The Preparation of Primary Hematopoietic Cell Cultures From Murine Bone Marrow for Electroporation

エレクトロポレーションのためのマウス骨髄からの一次造血細胞培養の準備

It is becoming increasingly apparent that electroporation is the most effective way to introduce plasmid DNA or siRNA into primary cells. The Gene Pulser ...

RNA Isolation from Embryonic Zebrafish and cDNA Synthesis for Gene Expression Analysis

遺伝子発現解析のための胚ゼブラフィッシュとcDNA合成からのRNA分離

Many important and complex laboratory procedures require an input of high quality, intact RNA.  A degraded sample or the presence of impurities can lead ...

Using the Gene Pulser MXcell Electroporation System to Transfect Primary Cells with High Efficiency

高効率で初代培養細胞をトランスフェクトするためにジーンパルサーMXcellのエレクトロポレーションシステムの使用

Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.

ハイC：ゲノムの三次元構造を研究する方法。

The three-dimensional folding of chromosomes compartmentalizes the genome and and can bring distant functional elements, such as promoters and enhancers, ...

Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells

ナマルバ細胞におけるIL - 4依存性遺伝子発現のsiRNAのノックダウン：遺伝子発現研究を簡素化する自動化セルカウンターの使い方

The use of siRNA mediated gene knockdown is continuing to be an important tool in studies of gene expression.  siRNA studies are being conducted not only ...

Paraffin-Embedded and Frozen Sections of Drosophila Adult Muscles

Paraffin-Embedded and Frozen Sections of Drosophila Adult Muscles

のパラフィン包埋して凍結切片ショウジョウバエアダルトの筋肉

The molecular characterization of muscular dystrophies and myopathies in humans has revealed the complexity of muscle disease and genetic analysis of ...

In vitro Reconstitution of the Active T. castaneum Telomerase

In vitro Reconstitution of the Active T. castaneum Telomerase

アクティブT.の試験管内再構成でcastaneumのテロメラーゼ

Efforts to isolate the catalytic subunit of telomerase, TERT, in sufficient quantities for structural studies, have been met with limited success for more ...

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA

リボソーム結合した新生ポリペプチドの分離<em&gt; in vitroで</em&gt; mRNAに沿って並進一時サイトを識別するために

The rate of translational elongation is non-uniform. mRNA secondary structure, codon usage and mRNA associated proteins may alter ribosome movement on the ...

Analysis of Global RNA Synthesis at the Single Cell Level following Hypoxia

低酸素症後単一細胞レベルでのグローバルのRNA合成の分析

Hypoxia or lowering of the oxygen availability is involved in many physiological and pathological processes. At the molecular level, cells initiate a ...

Transient Expression of Proteins by Hydrodynamic Gene Delivery in Mice

マウスにおける流体力学的遺伝子送達によるタンパク質の一過性発現

Efficient expression of transgenes in vivo is of critical importance in studying gene function and developing treatments for diseases. Over the past ...

簡便な分離大豆プロトプ ラストと一過的遺伝子発現解析への応用

簡便な分離大豆プロトプラストと一過的遺伝子発現解析への応用