Name: the mplex protocol for multi-omic analyses of soil samples
Uploaded: 2018-05-30T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about The MPLEx Protocol for Multi-omic Analyses of Soil Samples at JoVE.com

Gli autori vorrei ringraziare Nathan Johnson per la sua assistenza nel preparare le figure. Questa ricerca è stata sostenuta dal programma Pan-omics che è finanziato da l'US Department of Energy Office di biologico e la ricerca ambientale (Genomic Science Program), il microbiomi in transizione (menta) laboratorio diretto lo sviluppo della ricerca Iniziativa presso il Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, come pure la nazionale istituti di salute nazionali Institute di Environmental Health Sciences (R01 ES022190) e NIH (P42 ES027704). KEBJ vorrei ringraziare R21 HD084788 sostegno finanziario sviluppare e validare nuovi multi-omic tecniche di estrazione. Quest'opera è stata eseguita nel W. R. Wiley ambientale molecolare Scienze laboratorio (EMSL), un impianto di utente scientifico nazionale DOE al laboratorio nazionale di nord-ovest Pacifico (PNNL). PNNL è un laboratorio nazionale multi-programma operato da Battelle per il DOE sotto contratto DE-AC06-76RL01830.

Nota: Terreni molto bagnati possono essere liofilizzati prima dell'estrazione senza pregiudicare l'efficacia dell'estrazione. Terreno bagnato può anche essere usato, ma dovrebbe essere considerato quando si aggiungono i reagenti specifici rapporti.
Nota: Si consiglia di utilizzare 20 g di peso secco del terreno per estrazione, che deve essere diviso tra due provette da 50 mL (massimo di suolo 10g per tubo da 50 mL). Le estrazioni possono essere scalate in su o in giù dipende dal campione dis...

<ol>
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P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Metabolomic+response+of+human+skin+tissue+to+low+dose+ionizing+radiation.">Metabolomic response of human skin tissue to low dose ionizing radiation.</a> Mol Biosyst. 8, 1979-1986 (2012).</li><li>Perera, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dengue+virus+infection+perturbs+lipid+homeostasis+in+infected+mosquito+cells.">Dengue virus infection perturbs lipid homeostasis in infected mosquito cells.</a> PLoS Pathog. 8, e1002584 (2012).</li><li>Gao, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+reversed-phase+capillary+ultra-performance+liquid+chromatography-mass+spectrometry+(UPLC-MS)+method+for+comprehensive+top-down/bottom-up+lipid+profiling.">A reversed-phase capillary ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) method for comprehensive top-down/bottom-up lipid profiling.</a> Anal Bioanal Chem. 402, 2923-2933 (2012).</li><li>Sorensen, C. 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L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Temporal+proteome+and+lipidome+profiles+reveal+hepatitis+C+virus-associated+reprogramming+of+hepatocellular+metabolism+and+bioenergetics.">Temporal proteome and lipidome profiles reveal hepatitis C virus-associated reprogramming of hepatocellular metabolism and bioenergetics.</a> PLoS Pathog. 6, e1000719 (2010).</li><li>Alquier, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Deletion+of+GPR40+impairs+glucose-induced+insulin+secretion+in+vivo+in+mice+without+affecting+intracellular+fuel+metabolism+in+islets.">Deletion of GPR40 impairs glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo in mice without affecting intracellular fuel metabolism in islets.</a> Diabetes. 58, 2607-2615 (2009).</li><li>Ding, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Application+of+the+accurate+mass+and+time+tag+approach+in+studies+of+the+human+blood+lipidome.">Application of the accurate mass and time tag approach in studies of the human blood lipidome.</a> J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 871, 243-252 (2008).</li><li>Rasmussen, A. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Systems+virology+identifies+a+mitochondrial+fatty+acid+oxidation+enzyme,+dodecenoyl+coenzyme+A+delta+isomerase,+required+for+hepatitis+C+virus+replication+and+likely+pathogenesis.">Systems virology identifies a mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation enzyme, dodecenoyl coenzyme A delta isomerase, required for hepatitis C virus replication and likely pathogenesis.</a> J Virol. 85, 11646-11654 (2011).</li><li>Manza, L. L., Stamer, S. L., Ham, A. J., Codreanu, S. G., Liebler, D. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sample+preparation+and+digestion+for+proteomic+analyses+using+spin+filters.">Sample preparation and digestion for proteomic analyses using spin filters.</a> Proteomics. 5, 1742-1745 (2005).</li><li>Wisniewski, J. R., Zougman, A., Nagaraj, N., Mann, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Universal+sample+preparation+method+for+proteome+analysis.">Universal sample preparation method for proteome analysis.</a> Nat Methods. 6, 359-362 (2009).</li><li>Zhou, J. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simple+sodium+dodecyl+sulfate-assisted+sample+preparation+method+for+LC-MS-based+proteomics+applications.">Simple sodium dodecyl sulfate-assisted sample preparation method for LC-MS-based proteomics applications.</a> Anal Chem. 84, 2862-2867 (2012).</li><li>Anderson, J. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Decreased+abundance+of+type+III+secretion+system-inducing+signals+in+Arabidopsis+mkp1+enhances+resistance+against+Pseudomonas+syringae.">Decreased abundance of type III secretion system-inducing signals in Arabidopsis mkp1 enhances resistance against Pseudomonas syringae.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 111, 6846-6851 (2014).</li><li>Chourey, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Direct+cellular+lysis/protein+extraction+protocol+for+soil+metaproteomics.">Direct cellular lysis/protein extraction protocol for soil metaproteomics.</a> J Proteome Res. 9, 6615-6622 (2010).</li><li>Kim, S., Gupta, N., Pevzner, P. 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È importante notare che non tutti i laboratori avranno la stessa attrezzatura disponibile così determinati metodi, ad esempio il passaggio di Lisi, possono essere adattati. Qui usiamo nel vortex e sonicating, tuttavia l'uso di un battitore di perlina grande 50 mL avrebbe funzionato. Se non sono disponibile un liofilizzatori con una temperatura del collettore in grado di-105 ° C, i campioni possono essere essiccati sotto un flusso di azoto. Anche i tipi di suolo variano notevolmente e possono includere sabbia, limo, ar...

Valutazione comunità microbica del suolo ha importanti implicazioni per la comprensione di carbonio in bicicletta e il cambiamento climatico. Recenti studi hanno tuttavia evidenziato difficoltà, come la mancanza di genomi sequenziati per microbiota in vari tipi di suolo e la funzione sconosciuta di molte delle proteine rilevate. Questi risultato di sfide a causa del terreno essendo più complessa comunità microbica conosciuti alla data di1,2,3. Analisi multi-omic, che combinano risultati da metagenomica, metatranscriptomic, metaproteomic, metabolomica e studi lipidomica, recentemente sono stati implementati in numerosi studi di terreno per ottenere una maggiore comprensione i microbi presenti, mentre ottenere informazioni complete circa i cambiamenti molecolari che avvengono a causa di perturbazioni ambientali1,4,5. Una sfida con multi-omic studi è che la spettrometria di massa (MS)-base metaproteomic, metabolomica e lipidomica misurazioni in genere richiedono un processo di estrazione specifica per ogni omic MS compatibile6,7 , 8 , 9. queste precise procedure subordina l'applicazione estremamente difficili o impossibili quando solo una limitata quantità di campione è disponibile. Queste sfide ci hanno spinti a studiare una simultanea metabolita, della proteina e del lipido (MPLEx) metodo di estrazione capace di usando più piccoli volumi di campione o masse, migliorando la precisione e fornendo più veloce preparazione del campione per tutte le tre analisi 10. ad oggi, esistono procedure estrazione alternativi del suolo che possono raggiungere tutti questi obiettivi.
Per attivare globale multi-omic analisi di un campione di terreno unico, un protocollo di estrazione con solvente organico basato su cloroformio, metanolo e acqua separazioni era utilizzato10. Questo metodo è stato originariamente sviluppato per lipido totale estrazioni9,11 e più recentemente è stato modificato per l'estrazione simultanea di metaboliti, proteine e lipidi da un singolo campione12,13 ,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22, 23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30, consentendo la meno quantità di campione e variabilità sperimentale10. Nel protocollo MPLEx, cloroformio non è miscibile con acqua, che costituisce la base per la separazione chimica trifasica dei costituenti del campione in frazioni distinte. Di conseguenza, la fase acquosa superiore contiene i metaboliti idrofili, seguiti da un disco di proteine e poi uno strato di lipidi nella fase di cloroformio di fondo (Figura 1). Quando MPLEx viene applicato alla maggior parte dei suoli, residui di particolato si accumulano nella parte inferiore dei tubi di campionamento e possono essere eliminato dopo aver raccolgono tutti i livelli. Ogni tipo di suolo può essere differente, tuttavia e in terreno altamente organico quali torba, i detriti del terreno rimane nello strato intermedio e non cadono sul fondo del tubo di campionamento. MPLEx offre diversi vantaggi quando isolare la molecola più tipi dallo stesso campione come 1) piccole quantità di campione può essere utilizzato per le analisi multi-omic, 2) multi-omic estrazioni dalla stessa diminuzione di campione variabilità nel complesso sperimentale, e 3) una maggiore quantità di campioni può essere preparato molto più veloce per maggiore velocità effettiva studi10. Insieme, questi vantaggi sono vitali per fornire la migliore capacità di misurazione per la valutazione di campioni di terreno e loro comunità microbiche complesse.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Chloroform</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>650498</td>
			<td>Stored at -20&#176;C !Caution chloroform has acute potential health effects, skin irritation and possible chemical burns, irritation to the respiratory system, may affect the kidneys, liver, heart. Wear suitable protective glasses, clothing and gloves, work in a fume hood.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Methanol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>34860</td>
			<td>Stored at -20&#176;C !Caution Methanol may cause respiratory tract, skin and eye irritation, may damage the nerves, kidneys and liver. Wear suitable protective glasses, clothing and gloves, work in a fume hood.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Purified water from Millipore</td>
			<td>Milli-Q</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Water purification system.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium dodecyl sulfate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>L6026</td>
			<td>!Caution SDS causes acute toxicity and is flammable. It is a skin, eye and airway irritant. Wear gloves and safety glasses.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Soil protein extraction kit</td>
			<td>MoBio, NoviPure Soil Protein Extraction Kit, Qiagen</td>
			<td>30000-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DL-dithiothreitol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>43815</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1M Trizma HCL</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T2694</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trichloroacetic acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T0699</td>
			<td>!Caution TCA is caustic, toxic and may cause skin burns. Wear gloves and safety glasses.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acetone</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>650501</td>
			<td>Stored at -20&#176;C !Caution Acetone may cause respiratory tract and skin and eye irritation. Flammable liquid and vapor. Wear safety glasses gloves and a lab coat, work in a fume hood.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Urea</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>208884</td>
			<td>!Caution Urea is an eye and skin irritant, use gloves and safety glasses</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ammonium bicarbonate</td>
			<td>Fluka</td>
			<td>09830</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>V528A</td>
			<td>20&#181;g vials</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bicinchoninic acid protein assay kit</td>
			<td>Pierce</td>
			<td>23227</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ammonium Formate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>09735</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acetonitrile</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>34998</td>
			<td>!Caution Acetonitrile is a skin and eye irritant. Highly flammable. Wear gloves and safety glasses. Work in a fume hood.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trifluoroacetic acid</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T6508</td>
			<td>!Caution TFA is extremely hazardous in case of skin contact, eye contact, ingestion and inhalation. May produce tissue damage particularly on mucous membranes of eyes, mouth and respiratory tract. Skin contact may produce burns. Wear gloves, lab coat, safety glasses and work in a fume hood.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Methoxyamine hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>226904</td>
			<td>!Caution Methoxyamine hydrochloride causes severe burns and serious damage to eyes, may cause sensitization by skin contact. Wear safety glasses, gloves and lab coat, work in a fume hood.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pyridine</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>270970</td>
			<td>!Caution Pyridine can cause skin and eye irritation, central nervous system depression. Vapor may cause flash fire. Wear safety glasses, gloves and lab coat, work in a fume hood.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>N-Methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide with 1% trimethylchlorosilane</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>69478</td>
			<td>!Caution MSTFA + 1% TMCS can cause skin corrosion, serious eye damage and specific target organ toxicity. Flammable liquid and vapor. Wear safety glasses, gloves and lab coat, work in a fume hood.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P9541</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Milli-Q water purification system</td>
			<td>Millipore</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>model MPGP04001</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vortex</td>
			<td>Scientific Industries</td>
			<td>SI-0236</td>
			<td>Vortex Genie 2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Probe sonicator</td>
			<td>FisherBrand</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>model FB505</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Refrigerated centrifuge</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>model 5810R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>50mL tube swinging bucket rotor</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>A-4-44</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>50mL fixed angle rotor</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>FA-45-6-30</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Balance</td>
			<td>OHAUS</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>model V22PWE150IT</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Serological pipette controller</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>12-654-100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10mL, 25mL glass serological pipettes</td>
			<td>FisherBrand</td>
			<td>13-678-27F, 13-678-36D</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermomixer with Thermotop</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>5382000015, 5308000003</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.9 &#8211; 2.0 mm blend stainless steel beads</td>
			<td>NextAdvance</td>
			<td>SSB14B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.15 mm garnet beads</td>
			<td>MoBio</td>
			<td>13122-500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnetic stir plate</td>
			<td>FisherBrand</td>
			<td>11-100-16SH</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnetic stir bar</td>
			<td>FisherBrand</td>
			<td>14512130</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>pH paper strips, pH range 0&#8211;14</td>
			<td>FisherBrand</td>
			<td>M95903</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>15mL, 50mL conical polypropylene centrifuge tube</td>
			<td>Genesee Scientific</td>
			<td>21-103 21-108</td>
			<td>chloroform compatible</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>50mL vortex attachment</td>
			<td>MoBio</td>
			<td>13000-V1-50</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ice bucket</td>
			<td>FisherBrand</td>
			<td>02-591-44</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>27.25x70mm glass vials</td>
			<td>FisherBrand</td>
			<td>03-339-22K</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Breathe Easier plate membranes</td>
			<td>Midwest Scientific</td>
			<td>BERM-2000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alcohol wipes</td>
			<td>Diversified Biotech</td>
			<td>BPWP-1000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heater shaker incubator</td>
			<td>Benchmark, Incu-Shaker Mini</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Analog rotisserie tube rotator</td>
			<td>SoCal BioMed, LLC</td>
			<td>82422001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Filter-Aided-Sample-Prep kit</td>
			<td>FASP; Expedeon</td>
			<td>44250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microplate reader</td>
			<td>Biotek, EPOCH</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>-20 Degree Celsius Freezer</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>13986149</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>-80 Degree Celsius Freezer</td>
			<td>Stirling Ultracold</td>
			<td>SU78OUE</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Q-Exactive ion trap mass spectrometer</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agilent 7890A gas chromatograph coupled with a single quadrupole 5975C mass spectrometer</td>
			<td>Agilent Technologies, Inc.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LTQ-Orbitrap Velo</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Waters NanoEquityTM UPLC system</td>
			<td>Millford, MA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>250mL media bottle</td>
			<td>FisherBrand</td>
			<td>1395-250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Waters vial</td>
			<td>Waters</td>
			<td>186002805</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glass MS sample vial and inserts</td>
			<td>MicroSolv</td>
			<td>9502S-WCV, 9502S-02ND</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glass HPLC vial and snap caps</td>
			<td>MicroSolv</td>
			<td>9512C-0DCV, 9502C-10C-B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HPLC 96-well plate</td>
			<td>Agilent</td>
			<td>5042-6454</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Large glass vial 27.25x70mm</td>
			<td>FisherBrand</td>
			<td>03-339-22K</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lyophilizer</td>
			<td>Labconco</td>
			<td>7934021</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polished stainless steel flat head spatula</td>
			<td>Spoonula; FisherBrand</td>
			<td>14-375-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kim wipes</td>
			<td>Kimberly-Clark</td>
			<td>34721</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>XBridge C18, 250x4.6 mm, 5 &#956;M with 4.6x20 mm guard column</td>
			<td>Waters</td>
			<td>186003117, 186003064</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agilent 1100 series HPLC system</td>
			<td>Agilent Technologies</td>
			<td>G1380-90000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1.7mL centrifuge tube</td>
			<td>Sorenson</td>
			<td>11700</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hamilton Glass Syringes, 5mL, 50&#181;L and 250&#181;L</td>
			<td>Hamilton</td>
			<td>81517, 80975, 81175</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pasteur Pipettes</td>
			<td>FisherBrand</td>
			<td>13-678-20A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pasteur Pipette Bulbs</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>Z111597</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bath Sonicator</td>
			<td>Branson 1800 Ultrasonic Cleaner</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vacuum Centrifuge</td>
			<td colspan="2">Labconco Centrivap Acid-Resistant Concentrator System</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MicroSpin Columns, C18 Silica</td>
			<td>The Nest Group</td>
			<td>SEM SS18V</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

the mplex protocol for multi-omic analyses of soil samples

Spettrometria di massa (MS)-base metaproteomic integrato, metabolomica e studi lipidomica (multi-omic) stanno trasformando la nostra capacità di comprendere e caratterizzare le comunità microbiche in sistemi ambientali e biologici. Queste misurazioni sono anche attivazione avanzate analisi delle comunità microbiche complesse del suolo, che sono i più complessi sistemi microbici noti fino ad oggi. Analisi multi-omic, tuttavia, sono sfide di preparazione del campione, poiché estrazioni separate sono in genere necessari per ciascuno studio di omic, amplificando così notevolmente il tempo di preparazione e la quantità di campione richiesto. Per risolvere questa limitazione, è stato creato un metodo 3-in-1 per l'estrazione simultanea di metaboliti, proteine e lipidi (MPLEx) dallo stesso campione di suolo adattando un approccio a base di solvente. Questo protocollo MPLEx ha dimostrato di essere sia semplice e robusto per molti tipi di campioni, anche quando utilizzati per quantità limitate di campioni di terreno complesso. Il metodo MPLEx abilitato anche notevolmente le misurazioni di rapida multi-omic necessari per acquisire una migliore comprensione dei membri di ogni comunità microbica, mentre la valutazione dei cambiamenti in atto su perturbazioni biologiche ed ambientali.

Quando il protocollo MPLEx è stato utilizzato per estrarre le molecole da Kansas prairie nativo suolo (un Mollisol), l'analisi triplice copia fornito risultati per 3376 peptidi, 105 lipidi e 102 metaboliti polari (tutte le identificazioni uniche). Mentre il protocollo MPLEx è stato ben stabilito per estrazione generali di lipidi e metaboliti12,13,14,15,</...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about The MPLEx Protocol for Multi-omic Analyses of Soil Samples at JoVE.com

The MPLEx Protocol for Multi-omic Analyses of Soil Samples

Un protocollo è presentato per estrazione di metaboliti, proteine e lipidi da un campione di terreno singolo simultaneamente, permettendo tempi di preparazione del campione ridotto e abilitazione multi-omic analisi di spettrometria di massa di campioni con quantità limitate.

Il protocollo MPLEx Multi-omic nell'analisi di campioni di terreno

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based integrated metaproteomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic (multi-omic) studies are transforming our ability to understand and ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Transport of Surface-modified Carbon Nanotubes through a Soil Column

Trasporto di nanotubi di carbonio modificati superficie attraverso una colonna di terreno

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are widely manufactured nanoparticles, which are being utilized in a number of consumer products, such as sporting goods, ...

Ricerca

Chimica

A Direct, Early Stage Guanidinylation Protocol for the Synthesis of Complex Aminoguanidine-containing Natural Products

Un diretto, Early Stage Guanidinylation protocollo per la sintesi di complessi Aminoguanidine contenenti prodotti naturali

The guanidine functional group, displayed most prominently in the amino acid arginine, one of the fundamental building blocks of life, is an important ...

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Protocollo per la sintesi di<em&gt; Ortho</em&gt; Derivati ​​all&#39;anilina -trifluoromethoxylated

Molecules bearing trifluoromethoxy (OCF3) group often show desired pharmacological and biological properties. However, facile synthesis of ...

A Protocol for the Production of Gliadin-cyanoacrylate Nanoparticles for Hydrophilic Coating

Un protocollo per la produzione di nanoparticelle gliadina-cianoacrilato per rivestimento idrofilo

This article presents a protocol for the production of protein-based nanoparticles that changes the hydrophobic surface to hydrophilic by a simple spray ...

A Simple and Efficient Protocol for the Catalytic Insertion Polymerization of Functional Norbornenes

Un protocollo semplice ed efficiente per l&#39;inserimento catalitica polimerizzazione di norborneni funzionali

Norbornene can be polymerized by a variety of mechanisms, including insertion polymerization whereby the double bond is polymerized and the bicyclic ...

A Protocol for Safe Lithiation Reactions Using Organolithium Reagents

Un protocollo per reazioni sicuro litiazione Utilizzando organolitio Reagenti

Organolithium reagents are powerful tools in the synthetic chemist&#39;s toolbox. However, the extreme pyrophoric nature of the most reactive reagents ...

An Optimized Protocol for the Efficient Radiolabeling of Gold Nanoparticles by Using a 125I-labeled Azide Prosthetic Group

An Optimized Protocol for the Efficient Radiolabeling of Gold Nanoparticles by Using a 125I-labeled Azide Prosthetic Group

Un protocollo ottimizzato per la radiomarcatura efficiente di oro nanoparticelle utilizzando un<sup&gt; 125</sup&gt; Azide gruppo I-etichettati protesico

Here, we demonstrate a detailed protocol for the radiosynthesis of a 125I-labeled azide prosthetic group and its application to the efficient ...

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) and Related Biomaterials

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles PPAs and Related Biomaterials

Facile protocollo per la sintesi di auto-assemblaggio basato su poliammina Peptide anfifili (PPA) e biomateriali correlate

Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) are a new class of self-assembling amphiphilic biomaterials-related to the peptide amphiphiles (PAs). ...

Automation of a Positron-emission Tomography (PET) Radiotracer Synthesis Protocol for Clinical Production

Automation of a Positron-emission Tomography PET Radiotracer Synthesis Protocol for Clinical Production

Automazione di un positrone-emissione di positroni (PET) radiotraccitore sintesi protocollo per la produzione di clinica

The development of new positron-emission tomography (PET) tracers is enabling researchers and clinicians to image an increasingly wide array of biological ...

Biological Samples Preparation for Speciation at Cryogenic Temperature using High-Resolution  X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Preparazione di campioni biologici per la speciazione a temperatura criogenica mediante spettroscopia di assorbimento a raggi X ad alta risoluzione

The study of elements with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is of particular interest when studying the role of metals in biological systems. Sample ...