Name: a rat model of central fatigue using a modified multiple platform method
Uploaded: 2018-08-14T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Rat Model of Central Fatigue Using a Modified Multiple Platform Method at JoVE.com

Dette arbejde blev støttet af Natural Science Foundation i Beijing (No.7162124) og Xin-ao Foundation for Beijing University of kinesisk medicin.

Alle dyrene blev opretholdt i overensstemmelse med retningslinjerne i den kinesiske lovgivning på den etiske brug og pleje af forsøgsdyr.
1. før modellering forberedelse
<ol><li>
Laboratoriet forberedelse
	<ol>
<li>Køre UV lampe til mindst 30 min før forsøget.</li>
		<li>Styre lab temperatur på 25 ± 3 ° C og relativ luftfugtighed ca. 30%.</li>
		<li>Tænde lys kl 6:00 lab og slå det fra klokken 18:00 at etablere en 12 h/12 h lys/mørke cyklus.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<l...

<ol>
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O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fatigue+in+neurological+disorders.">Fatigue in neurological disorders.</a> The Lancet. 363, 978-988 (2004).</li><li>Baston, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Exercise-induced+central+fatigue:+a+review+of+the+literature+with+implications+for+dance+science+research.">Exercise-induced central fatigue: a review of the literature with implications for dance science research.</a> Journal of Dance Medicine &amp; Science. 17 (2), 53-62 (2013).</li><li>Yamashita, M., Yamamoto, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tryptophan+and+Kynurenic+Acid+May+Produce+an+Amplified+Effect+in+Central+Fatigue+Induced+by+Chronic+Sleep+Disorder.">Tryptophan and Kynurenic Acid May Produce an Amplified Effect in Central Fatigue Induced by Chronic Sleep Disorder.</a> International Journal of Tryptophan Research. 7, 9-14 (2014).</li><li>Lee, S. 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Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rutin,+a+flavonoid+and+principal+component+of+saussurea+involucrata,+attenuates+physical+fatigue+in+a+forced+swimming+mouse+model.">Rutin, a flavonoid and principal component of saussurea involucrata, attenuates physical fatigue in a forced swimming mouse model.</a> International Journal of Medical Sciences. 11 (5), 528-537 (2014).</li><li>Hashemi, F., Laufer, R., Szegi, P., Csomor, V., Kal &#225;sz, H., Tekes, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=HPLC+determination+of+brain+biogenic+amines+following+treatment+with+bispyridinium+aldoxime+K203.">HPLC determination of brain biogenic amines following treatment with bispyridinium aldoxime K203.</a> Acta Physiologica Hungarica. 101 (1), 40-46 (2014).</li><li>Machado, R. B., Hipo'lide, D. C., Benedito-Silva, A. A., Tufik, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sleep+deprivation+induced+by+the+modified+multiple+platform+technique:+quantification+of+sleep+loss+and+recovery.">Sleep deprivation induced by the modified multiple platform technique: quantification of sleep loss and recovery.</a> Brain Research. 1004 (1-2), 45-51 (2004).</li><li>Alzoubi, K. H., Khabour, O. F., Tashtoush, N. H., AI-Azzam, S. I., Mhaidat, N. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+the+Effect+of+Pentoxifylline+on+Sleep-Deprivation+Induced+Memory+Impairment.">Evaluation of the Effect of Pentoxifylline on Sleep-Deprivation Induced Memory Impairment.</a> Hippocampus. 23 (9), 812-819 (2013).</li><li>Pires, G. N., Tufik, S., Andersen, M. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Grooming+analysis+algorithm:+Use+in+the+relationship+between+sleep+deprivation+and+anxiety-like+behavior.">Grooming analysis algorithm: Use in the relationship between sleep deprivation and anxiety-like behavior.</a> Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 41, 6-10 (2013).</li><li>Yamashita, M., Yamamoto, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Establishment+of+a+rat+model+of+central+fatigue+induced+by+chronic+sleep+disorder+and+excessive+brain+tryptophan.">Establishment of a rat model of central fatigue induced by chronic sleep disorder and excessive brain tryptophan.</a> Japanese Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 15, 67-74 (2013).</li><li>Arai, M., Yamazaki, M., Inoue, K., Fushiki, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+intracranial+injection+of+transforming+growth+factor-beta+relevant+to+central+fatigue+on+the+waking+electroencephalogram+of+rats+Comparison+with+effects+of+exercise.">Effects of intracranial injection of transforming growth factor-beta relevant to central fatigue on the waking electroencephalogram of rats Comparison with effects of exercise.</a> Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 26 (2), 307-312 (2002).</li><li>Han, C. X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Distinct+behavioral+and+brain+changes+after+different+durations+of+the+modified+multiple+platform+method+on+rats:+An+animal+model+of+central+fatigue.">Distinct behavioral and brain changes after different durations of the modified multiple platform method on rats: An animal model of central fatigue.</a> PloS One. 12 (5), e0176850 (2017).</li><li>Tang, X., Yang, L., Sanford, L. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Individual+variation+in+sleep+and+motor+activity+in+rats.">Individual variation in sleep and motor activity in rats.</a> Behavioural Brain Research. 180 (1), 62-68 (2007).</li><li>Stanford, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Open+Field+Test:+reinventing+the+wheel.">The Open Field Test: reinventing the wheel.</a> Journal of Psychopharmacology. 21 (2), 134-135 (2007).</li><li>Ahn, S. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Basal+anxiety+during+an+open+field+test+is+correlated+with+individual+differences+in+contextually+conditioned+fear+in+mice.">Basal anxiety during an open field test is correlated with individual differences in contextually conditioned fear in mice.</a> Animal Cells and Systems. 17 (3), 154 (2013).</li><li>Costa, A. A., Morato, S., Roque, A. C., Tin &#243;s, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+computational+model+for+exploratory+activity+of+rats+with+different+anxiety+levels+in+elevated+plus-maze.">A computational model for exploratory activity of rats with different anxiety levels in elevated plus-maze.</a> Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 236, 44-50 (2014).</li><li>Liu, Z., Wu, Y., Liu, T., Li, R., Xie, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Serotonin+regulation+in+a+rat+model+of+exercise-induced+chronic+fatigue.">Serotonin regulation in a rat model of exercise-induced chronic fatigue.</a> Neuroscience. 349, 27-34 (2017).</li><li>Foley, T. E., Fleshner, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neuroplasticity+of+dopamine+circuits+after+exercise:+implications+for+central+fatigue.">Neuroplasticity of dopamine circuits after exercise: implications for central fatigue.</a> NeuroMolecular Medicine. 10 (2), 67-80 (2008).</li><li>Leite, L. H., Rodrigues, A. G., Soares, D. D., Marubayashi, U., Coimbra, C. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Central+fatigue+induced+by+losartan+involves+brain+serotonin+and+dopamine+content.">Central fatigue induced by losartan involves brain serotonin and dopamine content.</a> Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise. 42 (8), 1469-1476 (2010).</li></ol>

MMPM er oprindeligt udviklet til søvn berøvelse9. Rotter er lanceret i en vandtank med platforme fast på bunden. Drevet af den instinktive frygt for vand, rotter blive stående på platforme og ingen søvn opstår. Undersøgelsen viser, at forskellige timer af søvnmangel føre til forskellige ændringer i rotte adfærd og humør, herunder anerkendelse værdiforringelse10, negative følelser11og central træthed. Nogle forskere bevise, at kronisk ...

Træthed er en af de vigtigste faktorer, der truer menneskers sundhed1. I de seneste årtier, har forskellige undersøgelser vist, at træthed er perifert udløst men centralt-drevet, og altid ledsaget med følelsesmæssige og kognitive forstyrrelser. Italienske fysiologen A. Mosso først foreslået ordet Central træthed2. Det er generelt defineret som begrænset frivillig aktivitet og kognition værdiforringelse på grund af dysfunktion af impuls transmission i det centrale nervesystem (CNS)3. Sammenlignet med perifere muskeltræthed, fremhæver central træthed ændringer i CNS, samt de deraf følgende følelsesmæssige/adfærdsmæssige forstyrrelser, herunder depression, angst, kognition værdiforringelse og hukommelsestab. En undersøgelse viser, at mange faktorer kan fremkalde central træthed, blandt hvilke overdreven fysisk aktivitet og mental stress er temmelig uundværlig4. Med hensyn til patogenesen forklare teorier som tryptophan-kynurenine pathway hypotese5 ændringer i visse veje; mere dybdegående undersøgelser er dog stadig nødvendigt at afsløre de central-perifere korrelationer af central træthed.
Som den underliggende mekanisme af central træthed er stadig uklart, er en effektiv dyremodel ganske vigtigt for yderligere forskning. De eksisterende træthed modeller er for det meste induceret af overdreven motion, såsom løbebånd6 og vægt-loaded svømning7, med lidt bekymring på mentale faktorer. For at bedre simulere udviklingen af central træthed, udviklet vores gruppe en rotte model med MMPM. Under modelleringsprocessen blive rotter stående på de smalle platforme i boksen flere Platform for lange timer herunder del af sleep-tid. Forskellige fra overdreven motion modeller, MMPM model bruger delvis søvnmangel som mentale faktor i betragtning af den komplekse patogenesen af central træthed.
Til model evaluering bruger vi OFT og EPM testene til at bestemme angst stemning og frivilligt arbejde. ES-test udføres for at måle de perifere muskler ydeevne. Derudover vi tage rottens hjernen og registrere dopamin (DA) / serotonin (5-HT) indhold i begge hypothalamuses at iagttage de centrale neurotransmitter forskelle.
Protokollen præsenteres nedenfor er designet til model central træthed induceret ved gentagne fysisk aktivitet og mangel på søvn, efterligne en almindelig tilstand i menneskers liv. Men ved at justere model varighed, det kan bruges i mange andre områder, som i Søvnstudier observation og stress. I fremtidige forskning, vi håber, at denne model vil hjælpe med at opdage mere CNS ændringer og deres forbindelse med det perifere system, til at afsløre den patogenese mekanisme af central træthed.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>multiple platform sleep deprivation water tank</td>
			<td>Customization,it is provided by the neuroimmunological laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>110cm x 60cm x 40cm. There are 15 plastic small platforms at the bottom. The small platform is 6.5cm in diameter and 8cm high</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Wistar rats</td>
			<td>Beijing Weitong Lihua Experimental Animal Technology Company</td>
			<td>license number SYXK (Beijing) 2016-0011</td>
			<td>Use 32 Wistar healthy male rats ,8 week old (200-210 g)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agilent 1100LC high performance liquid chromatograph&#160;</td>
			<td>Agilent</td>
			<td>&#160;G1379A, G1311A, G1313A , G1316A&#160;</td>
			<td>&#160;G1379A, G1311A type chromatographic pump, G1313A automatic sampler, G1316A column temperature box</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DECADE II SDC electrochemical detector</td>
			<td>Dutch ANTEC company</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>glassy carbon electrode, Ag/AgCl reference electrode, workstations (Clarity CHS)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biofuge Stratos high-speed refrigeration centrifuge</td>
			<td>HERAEUS</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>VCX130 ultrasonic fracturing instrument</td>
			<td>SONICS</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ACS-ZEAS electronic scale</td>
			<td>Phos technology development, Beijing.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>The weight of the weighing rats can be accurate to 0.1g.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Open Field Box</td>
			<td>Customization,it is provided by the neuroimmunological laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>wooden box of open field&#160; 100 cm by 100 cm x 40 cm, inside wall and bottom as the gray.The bottom is divided into 25 equal area squares, each of which is 20cm x 20cm, and the 16 grids along the outer wall are the external ones, and the other 9 grids are central.The camera is mounted above the median.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Elevated Plus-maze</td>
			<td>Beijing zhongshi dechuang technology development co. LTD.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>The open arms and close&#160; arms of the cross are composed of 30cm x 5cm x 15cm, and the central area is 5cm x 5cm, with a camera mounted above the center and 45cm high.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>rat swimming bucket.</td>
			<td>Zhenhua biological instrument equipment co., LTD. Anhui,China.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>The volume of plastic drum is 70cm x 30cm x 110cm, which is used for swimming in rats.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermometer</td>
			<td>Shiya instrument co., LTD., changzhou,China.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Control water temperature</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Small water pump</td>
			<td>Xincheng technology co., LTD., chengdu,China.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Used for water tank and swimming behavior.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethovition3.0 behavioral software.</td>
			<td>Nuldus,Netherlands</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Measurement analysis of rat behavior videos.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a rat model of central fatigue using a modified multiple platform method

I denne artikel, vi indført en rotte model af central træthed ved hjælp af den modificerede flere platform metode (MMPM). Boksen flere Platform var udformet som en vandtank med smalle platforme på bunden. Model rotter blev sat ind i tanken og stod på platforme for 14 h (18:00-8:00) per dag for en 21 dage i træk, med en tom kontrolgruppen for kontrast. For enden af modellering rotter i modelgruppen viste en indlysende træt udseende. For at vurdere modellen, vi udførte flere adfærdsmæssige test, herunder feltet åben test (OFT), forhøjet plus labyrint (EPM) test og udtømmende svømning (ES) test. Resultaterne viste at angst, rumlige kognition værdiforringelse, dårlig muskel præstation, og afviste frivillig aktivitet præsenteres i model rotter bekræfte diagnosen af central træthed. Ændringer af de centrale neurotransmittere også efterprøvet resultatet. Afslutningsvis modellen med held simuleret central træthed, og fremtidige studie med model kan hjælpe afsløre de patologiske mekanisme af sygdommen.

Vi beskriver en rotte model af central træthed ved hjælp af MMPM. 24 Wistar rotter er tilfældigt inddelt i kontrolgruppen og rækken model med 12 rotter i hver gruppe. Model apparater er udformet som en vandtank med smalle platforme i bunden (figur 1). Model rotter stå på platforme for 14 timer om dagen, herunder delvis sleep-tid, i 21 dage (figur 2).
Adfærdsmæss...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Rat Model of Central Fatigue Using a Modified Multiple Platform Method at JoVE.com

A Rat Model of Central Fatigue Using a Modified Multiple Platform Method

Vi præsenterer her, en protokol til at indføre en rotte model af central træthed ved hjælp af den modificerede flere platform metode (MMPM).

En rotte Model af Central træthed ved hjælp af en modificeret flere Platform metode

In this article, we introduced a rat model of central fatigue using the modified multiple platform method (MMPM). The Multiple Platform box was designed ...

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