Name: optimizing the use of a liquid handling robot to conduct a high throughput forward chemical genetics screen of arabidopsis thaliana
Uploaded: 2018-04-30T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Optimizing the Use of a Liquid Handling Robot to Conduct a High Throughput Forward Chemical Genetics Screen of Arabidopsis thaliana at JoVE.com

Vi takker Jozsef Stork, Mitchel Richmond, Jarrad Gollihue og Andrea Sanchez for konstruktiv og kritisk diskusjon. Dr. Sharyn Perry for fenotypiske fotografiene. Dette materialet er basert på arbeid støttes av National Science Foundation under samarbeidende avtalen nr. 1355438.

1. opprette en fortynning bibliotek
<ol><li>Etiketten 625 fortynning biblioteket plater for hånd, sikre at de samsvarer med deres tilsvarende platen fra kjemiske biblioteket. I tillegg koble i flyt og ut flyt slanger til multikanal tips vask automatisert Labware Positioner (ALP) ved å føre dem gjennom konsollen stasjonen til 5 Gallon reservoaret (se Tabell for materiale).</li>
	<li>Få tilgang til datamaskinen, og slå på vask pumpen gjennom tilkobling av enheten kontrolleren til multikanal tips va...

<ol>
	<li>Blackwell, H. E., Zhao, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemical+genetic+approaches+to+plant+biology.">Chemical genetic approaches to plant biology.</a> Plant Physiol. 133 (2), 448-455 (2003).</li><li>Dejonghe, W., Russinova, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Plant+chemical+genetics:+From+phenotype-based+screens+to+synthetic+biology.">Plant chemical genetics: From phenotype-based screens to synthetic biology.</a> Plant Physiol. 174 (1), 5-20 (2017).</li><li>McCourt, P., Desveaux, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Plant+chemical+genetics.">Plant chemical genetics.</a> New Phytol. 185 (1), 15-26 (2010).</li><li>Lumba, S., Cutler, S., McCourt, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Plant+nuclear+hormone+receptors:+A+role+for+small+molecules+in+protein-protein+interactions.">Plant nuclear hormone receptors: A role for small molecules in protein-protein interactions.</a> Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 26, 445-469 (2010).</li><li>Hicks, G. R., Raikhel, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Opportunities+and+challenges+in+plant+chemical+biology.">Opportunities and challenges in plant chemical biology.</a> Nat Chem Biol. 5 (5), 268-272 (2009).</li><li>De Rybel, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+role+for+the+root+cap+in+root+branching+revealed+by+the+non-auxin+probe+naxillin.">A role for the root cap in root branching revealed by the non-auxin probe naxillin.</a> Nat Chem Biol. 8 (9), 798-805 (2012).</li><li>Koornneef, M., Meinke, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+development+of+Arabidopsis+as+a+model+plant.">The development of Arabidopsis as a model plant.</a> Plant J. 61 (6), 909-921 (2010).</li><li>Serrano, M., Kombrink, E., Meesters, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Considerations+for+designing+chemical+screening+strategies+in+plant+biology.">Considerations for designing chemical screening strategies in plant biology.</a> Front Plant Sci. 6, 131 (2015).</li><li>Yoshitani, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+structure-based+strategy+for+discovery+of+small+ligands+binding+to+functionally+unknown+proteins:+Combination+of+in+silico+screening+and+surface+plasmon+resonance+measurements.">A structure-based strategy for discovery of small ligands binding to functionally unknown proteins: Combination of in silico screening and surface plasmon resonance measurements.</a> Proteomics. 5 (6), 1472-1480 (2005).</li><li>Macarron, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Impact+of+high-throughput+screening+in+biomedical+research.">Impact of high-throughput screening in biomedical research.</a> Nat Rev Drug Discov. 10 (3), 188-195 (2011).</li><li>DeBolt, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Morlin,+an+inhibitor+of+cortical+microtubule+dynamics+and+cellulose+synthase+movement.">Morlin, an inhibitor of cortical microtubule dynamics and cellulose synthase movement.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 104 (14), 5854-5859 (2007).</li><li>Christian, M., Hannah, W. 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N., Theologis, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+inhibitors+of+auxin+transcriptional+activation+by+means+of+chemical+genetics+in+Arabidopsis.">Identification of inhibitors of auxin transcriptional activation by means of chemical genetics in Arabidopsis.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 101 (41), 14978-14983 (2004).</li><li>Brown, L. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+small+molecule+with+differential+effects+on+the+PTS1+and+PTS2+peroxisome+matrix+import+pathways.">A small molecule with differential effects on the PTS1 and PTS2 peroxisome matrix import pathways.</a> Plant J. 65 (6), 980-990 (2011).</li><li>De Rybel, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemical+inhibition+of+a+subset+of+Arabidopsis+thaliana+GSK3-like+kinases+activates+brassinosteroid+signaling.">Chemical inhibition of a subset of Arabidopsis thaliana GSK3-like kinases activates brassinosteroid signaling.</a> Chem Biol. 16 (6), 594-604 (2009).</li><li>Arkin, M. R., Tang, Y., Wells, J. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Small-molecule+inhibitors+of+protein-protein+interactions:+progressing+toward+the+reality.">Small-molecule inhibitors of protein-protein interactions: progressing toward the reality.</a> Chem Biol. 21 (9), 1102-1114 (2014).</li><li>St Onge, R., Schlecht, U., Scharfe, C., Evangelista, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Forward+chemical+genetics+in+yeast+for+discovery+of+chemical+probes+targeting+metabolism.">Forward chemical genetics in yeast for discovery of chemical probes targeting metabolism.</a> Molecules. 17 (11), 13098-13115 (2012).</li><li>Vassilev, L. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+activation+of+the+p53+pathway+by+small-molecule+antagonists+of+MDM2.">In vivo activation of the p53 pathway by small-molecule antagonists of MDM2.</a> Science. 303 (5659), 844-848 (2004).</li><li>Zhao, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemical+genetic+interrogation+of+natural+variation+uncovers+a+molecule+that+is+glycoactivated.">Chemical genetic interrogation of natural variation uncovers a molecule that is glycoactivated.</a> Nat Chem Biol. 3 (11), 716-721 (2007).</li><li>Walsh, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+emerging+field+of+chemical+genetics:+Potential+applications+for+pesticide+discovery.">The emerging field of chemical genetics: Potential applications for pesticide discovery.</a> Pest Manag Sci. 63 (12), 1165-1171 (2007).</li><li>. Seed Handling Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://abrc.osu.edu/seed-handling">https://abrc.osu.edu/seed-handling</a> (2013)</li><li>Knoth, C., Salus, M. S., Girke, T., Eulgem, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+synthetic+elicitor+3,5-dichloroanthranilic+acid+induces+NPR1-dependent+and+NPR1-independent+mechanisms+of+disease+resistance+in+Arabidopsis.">The synthetic elicitor 3,5-dichloroanthranilic acid induces NPR1-dependent and NPR1-independent mechanisms of disease resistance in Arabidopsis.</a> Plant Physiol. 150 (1), 333-347 (2009).</li><li>Conway, M. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Scalable+96-well+Plate+based+iPSC+culture+and+production+using+a+robotic+liquid+handling+system.">Scalable 96-well Plate based iPSC culture and production using a robotic liquid handling system.</a> J Vis Exp. , (2015).</li><li>Daniszewski, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Automated+cell+culture+systems+and+their+applications+to+human+pluripotent+stem+cell+studies.">Automated cell culture systems and their applications to human pluripotent stem cell studies.</a> SLAS Technol. , (2017).</li><li>Popa-Burke, I., Russell, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Compound+precipitation+in+high-concentration+DMSO+solutions.">Compound precipitation in high-concentration DMSO solutions.</a> J Biomol Screen. 19 (9), 1302-1308 (2014).</li><li>Partridge, F. 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Denne protokollen er utformet for å hjelpe forskere med å fullføre en frem kjemiske genetikk skjerm på Arabidopsis. Vi gir representant resultater fra en skjerm av 50.000 forbindelser (figur 2 og Figur 3), en av de største fremre kjemiske genetikk skjermene utføres på Arabidopsis hittil9,13,23. Bruk av en flytende håndtering robot aktivert mer effektiv fortynnin...

I de siste 20 årene har forskere innen anlegget biologi gjort store fremskritt med kjemiske genetikk tilnærminger, både forover og bakover, forbedre vår forståelse av cytoskjelett, hormon biosyntesen cellevegg biosyntesen og signalnettverk, gravitropism, patogenesen, purine biosyntesen og endomembrane handel1,2,3,4,5. Bruke frem kjemiske genetikk teknikker kan identifikasjon av fenotyper rundt og tillater forskere til å forstå genotypic grunnlaget for bestemte prosesser. Omvendt søker omvendt kjemiske genetikk ut kjemikalier som samhandler med en forhåndsbestemt protein målet6. Arabidopsis har vært i forkant av disse funnene i anlegget biologi fordi dens Genova er liten, tilordnet og kommentert. Den har en kort generasjonstid, og det er flere mutant/reporter linjer tilgjengelig for å lette identifikasjon av avvikende subcellular maskiner7.
Det er to store flaskehalser som treg fremdriften frem kjemiske genetisk skjermer, første sortering og bestemme målet for sammensatt interesse8. En stor hjelp i å øke hastigheten på små molekyl utvalg er bruk av automatisering og automatisert utstyr9. Flytende håndtering roboter er et utmerket verktøy for håndtering av store biblioteker av små molekyler og har vært medvirkende i å drive fremgang i biologi10. Protokollen presenteres her er utviklet for å lindre flaskehalsen tilknyttet utvelgelsesprosedyren, aktivere identifikasjon av bioaktive små molekyler i et hurtig tempo. Denne teknikken reduserer byrden av arbeid og tid på vegne av operatøren også svært økonomiske kostnadene prinsippet etterforskeren.
Så langt har de fleste kjemiske biblioteker analysert holdt mellom 10 000 og 20 000 forbindelser, noen med som 150.000 og noen med så få som 709,11,12,13,14, 15 , 16. protokollen innført her ble gjennomført på en lite molekyl bibliotek av 50.000 forbindelser (se Tabell for materiale), en av de større frem kjemiske genetikk skjermer gjennomført på Arabidopsis hittil. Denne protokollen passer med den nåværende trenden mot økt effektivitet og hurtighet om fremover kjemiske genetikk, spesielt som gjelder ugressmiddel discovery, discovery av insektmiddel, soppdreper oppdage, funn, og kreft biologi17 ,18,19,20,21. Men implementert her med Arabidopsis, kan denne protokollen, lett bli tilpasset cellekulturer, sporer og potensielt selv insekter i flytende medium i 96-, 384- eller 1536-og plater. Liten størrelse er Arabidopsis mottakelig for screening i 96 bra plater. Distribuere frø jevnt blant brønner er imidlertid en utfordring. Hånd seeding er nøyaktig, men arbeidskrevende, og om det er enheter som er utformet til å dispensere frø i 96-brønnen platene, de er dyre å kjøpe. Her viser vi hvordan dette trinnet kan omgås med bare et lite tap i nøyaktighet.
Det overordnede målet med denne metoden var å gjøre screening et stort kjemiske bibliotek mot Arabidopsis mer håndterlig, uten at nøyaktighet, via bruk av en flytende håndtering robot. Bruk av denne metoden forbedrer effektiviteten av forskeren ved å redusere tiden det tar å fullføre første fortynning serien ledelse og påfølgende fenotypiske skjermer, slik at rask visualisering av prøvene under dissecting mikroskop, og rask Identifikasjon av romanen bioaktive små molekyler. Figur 1 viser denne protokollen tasten resultater i 4 trinn.
<img alt="Figure 1" class="xfigimg" src="/files/ftp_upload/57393/57393fig1.jpg"> Figur 1: generelle arbeidsflyten av skjermbildet frem kjemiske genetikk. En oversikt over protokollen for å beskrives med noen detaljer for hver av de 4 viktigste trinnene. 1: motta kjemiske biblioteket, 2: gjør fortynning biblioteket, 3: gjør Screening platene og 4: rugende og visualisere Screening platene. <a href="/files/ftp_upload/57393/57393fig1large.jpg" target="_blank">Klikk her for å se en større versjon av dette tallet.</a>

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Keyboard</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Used for protocol design and operating the Biomek FX</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mouse</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Used for protocol design and operating the Biomek FX</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Computer Screen</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Used for protocol design and operating the Biomek FX</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Computer</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Used for protocol design and operating the Biomek FX</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DIVERSet Diverse Screening Library</td>
			<td>ChemBridge</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Chemical library</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biomek Software</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Runs and designs the Biomek FX</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Device Controller</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>719366</td>
			<td>Operates the water pump/tip washing station</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stacker Carousel Pendent</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>148240</td>
			<td>Manual operation of Biomek Stacker Carousel</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biomek Stacker Carousel</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>148520</td>
			<td>Rotary unit that houses all FX Stacker 10&#39;s</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FX Stacker 10</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>148522</td>
			<td>Elevator unit that houses components for screen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FX Stacker 10</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>148522</td>
			<td>Elevator unit that houses components for screen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FX Stacker 10</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>148522</td>
			<td>Elevator unit that houses components for screen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FX Stacker 10</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>148522</td>
			<td>Elevator unit that houses components for screen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biomek FX</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>https://www.beckman.com/liquid-handlers</td>
			<td>Robot that performs the desired operations</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Accuframe</td>
			<td>Artisan Technology Group</td>
			<td>76853-4</td>
			<td>Frames arm to place components corretly</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Framing Fixture</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>719415</td>
			<td>Centers arm in the Accuframe</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Multichannel Tip Wash ALP</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>719662</td>
			<td>Washes the tips after the ethanol bath</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tip Loader ALP</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>719356</td>
			<td>Pneumatically loads tips onto the arm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Air Compressor</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Provides air for pneumatic tip loading</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MasterFlex Console Drive</td>
			<td>Cole-Parmer</td>
			<td>77200-65</td>
			<td>Pump used to circulate water through the Multichannel Tip Washer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Air Hose</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Provides air from air compressor to Tip Loader</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Water Hose</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Provides water from 5 Gallon Reserviour to Tip Washer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Static ALP&#39;s</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>Comes with Biomek FX</td>
			<td>Supports equipment for the Screen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5 Gallon Reserviour</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Recirculates the dirty water from cleaning the tips</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Grippers</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>Comes with Biomek FX</td>
			<td>Grabs and moves the equipment to the correct places</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>96-Channel 200 &#181;L Head</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>Comes with Biomek FX</td>
			<td>Holds the 96 tips used within the screen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AP96 P200 Pipette Tips</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>717251</td>
			<td>Used to make the screening library</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>96 Well Flat Bottom Plate</td>
			<td>Costar</td>
			<td>9018</td>
			<td>Aids in visulization of screen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>96 Well V-Bottom Plate</td>
			<td>Costar</td>
			<td>3897</td>
			<td>Aids in storing of dilution library</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AlumaSeal 96 Sealing Film</td>
			<td>MedSci</td>
			<td>F-96-100</td>
			<td>Seals for storage both the chemicle library and dilution library</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Plastic ziplock sandwich bags</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Used to ensure a humid environment for screen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AP96 P20 Pipette Tips</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>717254</td>
			<td>Used in the dilution library creation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Growth Chamber</td>
			<td>Percival</td>
			<td>AR36L3</td>
			<td>Germinates seeds for phenotypic visulization</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spatula</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Holds seeds to add into wells where liquid seeding failed seed adequatly</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Toothpick</td>
			<td>Local Provider</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>Pushes seeds from spatula to wells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Murashige and Skoog Basal Salt Mixture</td>
			<td>PhytoTechnology Laboratories</td>
			<td>M524</td>
			<td>Add to MS media mixture</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MES Free Acid Monohydrate</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>ICN19483580</td>
			<td>Added to MS media to decrease pH</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Agar Powder</td>
			<td>Alfa Aesar</td>
			<td>9002-18-0</td>
			<td>Increases thickness of media to support seed suspension</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5M KOH</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>484016</td>
			<td>Increases pH to adequate levels</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1L Media Storage Bottle</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>1395-1L</td>
			<td>Holds enough media for a screen</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polypropylene Centrifuge Tubes</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>431470</td>
			<td>Sterilizes seeds prior to vernilization</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>pH Probe</td>
			<td>Davis Instruments</td>
			<td>YX-58825-26</td>
			<td>Used for making media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ALPs (Automated Labware Positioners) Users Manual</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>PN 987836</td>
			<td>Aids in setting up the accompaning equipment for the Biomek FX</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biomek 2000 Stacker Carousel Users Guide</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>609862-AA</td>
			<td>Aids in setting up the Stacker Carousel</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biomek FX and FXP Laboratory Automation Workstations Users Manual</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>PN 987834</td>
			<td>Used to frame the Multichannel Pod</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biomek FXP Laboratory Automation Workstation Customer Startup Guide</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>PN B32335AB</td>
			<td>Used to aid in setting up the Biomek FX</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biomek Software User&#39;s Manual</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>PN 987835</td>
			<td>Used to set up and understand the Software</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

optimizing the use of a liquid handling robot to conduct a high throughput forward chemical genetics screen of arabidopsis thaliana

Kjemisk genetikk blir stadig brukt for å dekode trekk i planter som kan gjenstridige til tradisjonelle genetikk på grunn av genet redundans eller dødelighet. Imidlertid er sannsynligheten for et syntetisk lite molekyl blir bioaktive lav; Derfor må tusenvis av molekyler testes for å finne de av interesse. Væske håndtering robotikk systemer er utformet for å håndtere store mengder av prøver, øke hastigheten som et kjemisk bibliotek kan bli vist i tillegg til minimere/standardisere feil. Å oppnå en høy gjennomstrømming frem kjemiske genetikk skjerm av et bibliotek over 50.000 små molekyler på Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), protokoller med en benk toppen flerkanals flytende håndtering robot ble utviklet som krever minimal tekniker engasjement. Med disse protokollene ble 3,271 små molekyler oppdaget som forårsaket synlig fenotypiske endringer. 1,563 forbindelser indusert kort røtter, 1,148 forbindelser endret farge, 383 forbindelser forårsaket roten håret og andre, ikke-kategorisert, endringer og 177 forbindelser som hemmet spiring.

Evnen til å nøyaktig og effektivt karakterisere fenotyper basert på tillegg av små molekyler på screening konsentrasjoner under dissecting mikroskop er målet med denne metoden for fremover kjemiske genetikk på Arabidopsis. Av fenotyper observert når alle 50.000 forbindelser hadde vist var forskjellige og kan deles inn i flere forskjellige klasser (figur 2). Figur 3A -F viser eksempler på fenotyp...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Optimizing the Use of a Liquid Handling Robot to Conduct a High Throughput Forward Chemical Genetics Screen of Arabidopsis thaliana at JoVE.com

Optimizing the Use of a Liquid Handling Robot to Conduct a High Throughput Forward Chemical Genetics Screen of Arabidopsis thaliana

Optimalisere bruk av en flytende håndtering Robot å gjennomføre en høy gjennomstrømming frem kjemiske genetikk skjermen av Arabidopsis thaliana

En høy gjennomstrømning skjermen av syntetiske små molekyler ble utført på modellen plantearter, Arabidopsis thaliana. Denne protokollen, utviklet for en flytende håndtering robot, øker hastigheten på fremover kjemiske genetikk skjermer, akselerere oppdagelsen av romanen små molekyler påvirker Fræna.

Chemical genetics is increasingly being employed to decode traits in plants that may be recalcitrant to traditional genetics due to gene redundancy or ...

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Bioengineering

Optimizing the Use of a Liquid Handling Robot to Conduct a High Throughput Forward Chemical Genetics Screen of Arabidopsis thaliana

Adaptation of a Haptic Robot in a 3T fMRI

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides excellent functional brain imaging via the BOLD signal 1 with advantages including non-ionizing ...

High-throughput Protein Expression Generator Using a Microfluidic Platform

High-throughput Protein Expression Generator Ved hjelp av en Microfluidic Platform

Rapidly increasing fields, such as systems biology, require the development and implementation of new technologies, enabling high-throughput and ...

High-throughput Synthesis of Carbohydrates and Functionalization of Polyanhydride Nanoparticles

High-throughput syntese av karbohydrater og funksjonalisering av Polyanhydride Nanopartikler

Transdisciplinary approaches involving areas such as material design, nanotechnology, chemistry, and immunology have to be utilized to rationally design ...

Designing a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami

Utforme en Bio-responsive Robot fra DNA Origami

Nucleic acids are astonishingly versatile. In addition to their natural role as storage medium for biological information1, they can be utilized in ...

High-throughput, Automated Extraction of DNA and RNA from Clinical Samples using TruTip Technology on Common Liquid Handling Robots

Høy gjennomstrømning, Automated Utvinning av DNA og RNA fra kliniske prøver ved hjelp TruTip Technology på Common Væskehåndtering Robots

TruTip is a simple nucleic acid extraction  technology whereby a porous, monolithic binding matrix is inserted into a  pipette tip. The geometry of the ...

Optimizing Attachment of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Poly(&#949;-caprolactone) Electrospun Yarns

Optimizing Attachment of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on PolyÃƒÅ½Ã‚Âµ-caprolactone Electrospun Yarns

Optimalisere Vedlegg of Human stamceller på Poly (ε-kaprolakton) elektrospunnede Garn

Research into biomaterials and tissue engineering often includes cell-based in vitro investigations, which require initial knowledge of the starting cell ...

Use of a High-throughput In Vitro Microfluidic System to Develop Oral Multi-species Biofilms

Use of a High-throughput In Vitro Microfluidic System to Develop Oral Multi-species Biofilms

Bruk av en High-throughput<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Mikrofluid System for å utvikle muntlige Multi-arter Biofilm

There are few high-throughput in vitro systems which facilitate the development of multi-species biofilms that contain numerous species commonly detected ...

Generation of Scalable, Metallic High-Aspect Ratio Nanocomposites in a Biological Liquid Medium

Generering av skalerbare, Metallic høy Aspect Ratio Nanocomposites i en biologisk væske Medium

The goal of this protocol is to describe the synthesis of two novel biocomposites with high-aspect ratio structures. The biocomposites consist of copper ...

Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices

Automatisert robot flytende håndtering samlingen av modulære DNA enheter

Recent advances in modular DNA assembly techniques have enabled synthetic biologists to test significantly more of the available &#34;design space&#34; ...

Synthesis of Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Elastomer Foams as Cell Scaffolds for 3D Spatial Cell Cultures

Syntese av Biokompatible Liquid Crystal Elastomer Skum som Cell Stillas for 3D Spatial cellekulturer

Here, we present a step-by-step preparation of a 3D, biodegradable, foam-like cell scaffold. These scaffolds were prepared by cross-linking star block ...