Name: three-dimensional organotypic cultures of vestibular and auditory sensory organs
Uploaded: 2018-06-01T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Three-dimensional Organotypic Cultures of Vestibular and Auditory Sensory Organs at JoVE.com

Biz Dr A. Jacobo, Dr. J. Salvi ve A. Petelski bu protokolü dayandığı orijinal araştırma katkılarından dolayı teşekkür ederiz. Biz ayrıca J. Llamas ve W. Makmura teknik yardım ve Hayvancılık için teşekkür ederiz. NIDCD eğitim grant T32 DC009975, NIDCD R01DC015530, Robertson terapötik Geliştirme Fonu ve finansmanı için Caruso Aile Vakfı Hibe etmiş oluyorsunuz. Son olarak, Howard Hughes Tıp Enstitüsü Dr. Hudspeth bir araştırmacı olduğu, desteğinden anıyoruz.

Tüm yöntem tanımlamak burada Güney Kaliforniya Üniversitesi ve hayvan bakımı ve kullanımı komiteler Rockefeller Üniversitesi tarafından onaylanmıştır.
1. (isteğe bağlı) kolajen hazırlanması ben eriyik--dan Mouse-tail tendonlar
Not: Kollajen ben ticari olarak kullanılabilir çözümlerdir. Jel hazırlık için üreticinin yönergelerini izleyin.
<ol><li>5-10 Genç Yetişkin (3-5 hafta eski) fare ile karbon dioksit ilgili kurumsa...

<ol>
	<li>Oesterle, E. C., Tsue, T. T., Reh, T. A., Rubel, E. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hair-cell+regeneration+in+organ+cultures+of+the+postnatal+chicken+inner+ear.">Hair-cell regeneration in organ cultures of the postnatal chicken inner ear.</a> Hear Res. 70 (1), 85-108 (1993).</li><li>Meyers, J. R., Corwin, J. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Shape+change+controls+supporting+cell+proliferation+in+lesioned+mammalian+balance+epithelium.">Shape change controls supporting cell proliferation in lesioned mammalian balance epithelium.</a> J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci. 27 (16), 4313-4325 (2007).</li><li>Cunningham, L. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+adult+mouse+utricle+as+an+in+vitro+preparation+for+studies+of+ototoxic-drug-induced+sensory+hair+cell+death.">The adult mouse utricle as an in vitro preparation for studies of ototoxic-drug-induced sensory hair cell death.</a> Brain Res. 1091 (1), 277-281 (2006).</li><li>Warchol, M. E., Lambert, P. R., Goldstein, B. J., Forge, A., Corwin, J. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regenerative+proliferation+in+inner+ear+sensory+epithelia+from+adult+guinea+pigs+and+humans.">Regenerative proliferation in inner ear sensory epithelia from adult guinea pigs and humans.</a> Science. 259 (5101), 1619-1622 (1993).</li><li>Lin, V., Golub, J. S., Nguyen, T. B., Hume, C. R., Oesterle, E. C., Stone, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibition+of+Notch+activity+promotes+nonmitotic+regeneration+of+hair+cells+in+the+adult+mouse+utricles.">Inhibition of Notch activity promotes nonmitotic regeneration of hair cells in the adult mouse utricles.</a> J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci. 31 (43), 15329-15339 (2011).</li><li>Wu, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Co-regulation+of+the+Notch+and+Wnt+signaling+pathways+promotes+supporting+cell+proliferation+and+hair+cell+regeneration+in+mouse+utricles.">Co-regulation of the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways promotes supporting cell proliferation and hair cell regeneration in mouse utricles.</a> Sci Rep. 6, 29418 (2016).</li><li>Chai, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Wnt+signaling+induces+proliferation+of+sensory+precursors+in+the+postnatal+mouse+cochlea.">Wnt signaling induces proliferation of sensory precursors in the postnatal mouse cochlea.</a> Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 109 (21), 8167-8172 (2012).</li><li>Wang, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lgr5++cells+regenerate+hair+cells+via+proliferation+and+direct+transdifferentiation+in+damaged+neonatal+mouse+utricle.">Lgr5+ cells regenerate hair cells via proliferation and direct transdifferentiation in damaged neonatal mouse utricle.</a> Nat Commun. 6, 6613 (2015).</li><li>Doetzlhofer, A., White, P. M., Johnson, J. E., Segil, N., Groves, A. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vitro+growth+and+differentiation+of+mammalian+sensory+hair+cell+progenitors:+a+requirement+for+EGF+and+periotic+mesenchyme.">In vitro growth and differentiation of mammalian sensory hair cell progenitors: a requirement for EGF and periotic mesenchyme.</a> Dev Biol. 272 (2), 432-447 (2004).</li><li>White, P. M., Stone, J. S., Groves, A. K., Segil, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=EGFR+signaling+is+required+for+regenerative+proliferation+in+the+cochlea:+conservation+in+birds+and+mammals.">EGFR signaling is required for regenerative proliferation in the cochlea: conservation in birds and mammals.</a> Dev Biol. 363 (1), 191-200 (2012).</li><li>Gnedeva, K., Jacobo, A., Salvi, J. D., Petelski, A. A., Hudspeth, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Elastic+force+restricts+growth+of+the+murine+utricle.">Elastic force restricts growth of the murine utricle.</a> eLife. 6, (2017).</li><li>Aragona, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+mechanical+checkpoint+controls+multicellular+growth+through+YAP/TAZ+regulation+by+actin-processing+factors.">A mechanical checkpoint controls multicellular growth through YAP/TAZ regulation by actin-processing factors.</a> Cell. 154 (5), 1047-1059 (2013).</li><li>Dong, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Elucidation+of+a+universal+size-control+mechanism+in+Drosophila+and+mammals.">Elucidation of a universal size-control mechanism in Drosophila and mammals.</a> Cell. 130 (6), 1120-1133 (2007).</li><li>Low, B. C., Pan, C. Q., Shivashankar, G. V., Bershadsky, A., Sudol, M., Sheetz, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=YAP/TAZ+as+mechanosensors+and+mechanotransducers+in+regulating+organ+size+and+tumor+growth.">YAP/TAZ as mechanosensors and mechanotransducers in regulating organ size and tumor growth.</a> FEBS Lett. 588 (16), 2663-2670 (2014).</li><li>Zhao, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inactivation+of+YAP+oncoprotein+by+the+Hippo+pathway+is+involved+in+cell+contact+inhibition+and+tissue+growth+control.">Inactivation of YAP oncoprotein by the Hippo pathway is involved in cell contact inhibition and tissue growth control.</a> Genes Dev. 21 (21), 2747-2761 (2007).</li><li>. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition. , (2013).</li><li>Semerci, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lunatic+fringe-mediated+Notch+signaling+regulates+adult+hippocampal+neural+stem+cell+maintenance.">Lunatic fringe-mediated Notch signaling regulates adult hippocampal neural stem cell maintenance.</a> eLife. 6, (2017).</li><li>Tuan, R. S., Lo, C. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Developmental+biology+protocols.">Developmental biology protocols.</a> Methods in molecular biology. , 137 (2000).</li><li>Brandon, C. S., Voelkel-Johnson, C., May, L. A., Cunningham, L. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dissection+of+adult+mouse+utricle+and+adenovirus-mediated+supporting-cell+infection.">Dissection of adult mouse utricle and adenovirus-mediated supporting-cell infection.</a> J Vis Exp JoVE. (61), (2012).</li><li>Gosset, M., Berenbaum, F., Thirion, S., Jacques, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Primary+culture+and+phenotyping+of+murine+chondrocytes.">Primary culture and phenotyping of murine chondrocytes.</a> Nat Protoc. 3 (8), 1253-1260 (2008).</li><li>Landegger, L. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+synthetic+AAV+vector+enables+safe+and+efficient+gene+transfer+to+the+mammalian+inner+ear.">A synthetic AAV vector enables safe and efficient gene transfer to the mammalian inner ear.</a> Nat Biotechnol. 35 (3), 280-284 (2017).</li><li>Burns, J. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reinforcement+of+cell+junctions+correlates+with+the+absence+of+hair+cell+regeneration+in+mammals+and+its+occurrence+in+birds.">Reinforcement of cell junctions correlates with the absence of hair cell regeneration in mammals and its occurrence in birds.</a> J Comp Neurol. 511 (3), 396-414 (2008).</li><li>Wang, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+polarized+extension+and+planar+cell+polarity+in+the+cochlea+by+the+vertebrate+PCP+pathway.">Regulation of polarized extension and planar cell polarity in the cochlea by the vertebrate PCP pathway.</a> Nat Genet. 37 (9), 980-985 (2005).</li><li>Chacon-Heszele, M. F., Ren, D., Reynolds, A. B., Chi, F., Chen, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regulation+of+cochlear+convergent+extension+by+the+vertebrate+planar+cell+polarity+pathway+is+dependent+on+p120-catenin.">Regulation of cochlear convergent extension by the vertebrate planar cell polarity pathway is dependent on p120-catenin.</a> Dev Camb Engl. 139 (5), 968-978 (2012).</li><li>Yamamoto, N., Okano, T., Ma, X., Adelstein, R. S., Kelley, M. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myosin+II+regulates+extension,+growth+and+patterning+in+the+mammalian+cochlear+duct.">Myosin II regulates extension, growth and patterning in the mammalian cochlear duct.</a> Dev Camb Engl. 136 (12), 1977-1986 (2009).</li><li>Tada, M., Heisenberg, C. -. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Convergent+extension:+using+collective+cell+migration+and+cell+intercalation+to+shape+embryos.">Convergent extension: using collective cell migration and cell intercalation to shape embryos.</a> Dev Camb Engl. 139 (21), 3897-3904 (2012).</li></ol>

Aracılık büyüme ve iç kulak farklılaşma Geliştirme sırasında olmuştur moleküler sinyaller kapsamlı5,6,7,8,9,10okudu. Ancak, hücre kavşaklar ve su aygırı sinyal, harekete geçirmek ile hissedilen, mekanik yardımlar bu işlemleri2,11', de ö...

Pek çok yönden memeli organ gelişiminin incelenmesi, vitro sistemleri tarafından kolaylaştırılmış. İki temel yöntem şimdi vestibüler duyu organları kültürü için kullanılan: serbest yüzer1 ve yapışık2 hazırlıkları. Her iki yöntem saç hücre güvenlik açıkları3 ve rejenerasyon1,4 içinde vitrosoruşturma izni. Buna ek olarak, çentik5,6, Wnt7,8ve iç kulak Cascade'lerde sinyal epidermal büyüme faktörü reseptörü (EGFR)9,10 gelişimsel rollere sahip , kısmen, duyu epiteli vitro kültürleri kullanımı ile kurulmuştur. Ancak, hücre büyümesi ve farklılaşma, değil sadece morfojenlerdeki, ama aynı zamanda aracılığıyla gibi hücreler arası kişiler, fiziksel ve mekanik yardımlar tarafından hücre dışı matriks, sertliği sinyal ve mekanik germe veya daralma ile kontrol edilir. Böyle mekanik uyaranlara içinde gelişmekte olan iç kulak içinde vivoaraştırmak için zorlu bir roldür. Ayrıca, varolan serbest yüzer ve yapışık kültür yöntemleri için bu tür çalışmalar içinde vitrouygun değildir. Burada bir yöntemi açıklamak için kollajen kültüründe üç boyutlu organotypic ben jelleri değişen sertlik. Bu yöntem büyük ölçüde vestibüler ve koklear duyu organları içinde vivo mimarisini korur ve mekanik kuvvet etkisi büyüme ve farklılaşma11incelenmesi sağlar.
Mekanik stimülasyon birleştirmek önemli çünkü mekanik uyaranlara yolu12,13,14,15, sinyal su aygırı gibi aşağı akım moleküler olayları etkinleştirmek bilinmektedir biyokimyasal ve genetik manipülasyon ile. Burada anlatılan kültür yöntemi virüs-aracılı gen teslim izin verir ve bu nedenle mekanik ve moleküler iç kulak geliştirme11sırasında sinyal eğitim için kullanılabilir.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:749px;" width="750">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">#10 Surgical Blades</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Miltex</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4-110</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">#5 Forceps</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Dumont</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">11252-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">100 mm Petri dish</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P5856-500EA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">250 uL large orifice pipette tips</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">USA Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1011-8406</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:252px;">30 mm glass-bottom Petri dish</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Matsunami Glass USA Corporation</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">D35-14-1.5-U</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">4 well plate</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">176740</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">4-Hydroxytamoxifen&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">H7904</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">60&#160;mm Petri dish</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">123TS1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Acetic acid&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">537020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Ad-GFP</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Vector Biolabs</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">1060</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Anti-GFP, chicken IgY fraction</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A10262&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Anti-Myo7A</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Proteus Biosciences</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">25-6790</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Anti-Sox2 Antibody (Y-17)</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Santa Cruz</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">sc-17320</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Bicinchoninic acid assay</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">23225</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:252px;">Click-iT EdU Alexa Fluor 647 Imaging Kit</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">C10340</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Collagenase I</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">17100017</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">D-glucose</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G8270</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DMEM/F12&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">11320033</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Epidermal growth factor</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">E9644</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS)</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">16140063</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Fibroblast growth factor</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">F5392</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Flaming/Brown Micropipette Puller</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sutter Instrument</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P-97</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Glutamine</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">G8540</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">HBSS</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">14025092</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Hemocytometer&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Daigger</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">EF16034F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">HEPES</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">H4034</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Insulin</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">I3536</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Iridectomy scissors&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Zepf Medical Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">08-1201-10&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Microinjector</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Narishige</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">IM-6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Nicotinamide</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">N0636</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">PBS (10X), pH 7.4</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">70011044</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">PBS (1X), pH 7.4</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">10010023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Phenol Red pH indicator&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P4633&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Pure Ethanol, 200 Proof</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Decon Labs&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">2716</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">RFP antibody</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">ChromoTek</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">&#160;5F8</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Sodium bicarbonate</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">S5761</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Sodium hydroxide</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">S8045</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium selenite</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">S5261</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Tabletop vortex&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">97043-562</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:252px;">Transferrin</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">T8158</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Trypan blue&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:212px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">T6146</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

three-dimensional organotypic cultures of vestibular and auditory sensory organs

İç kulak duyu organları deneysel manipülasyon ve optik gözlem için onların erişilememesi nedeniyle memelilerde çalışmaya zorlu. Ayrıca, mevcut kültür teknikleri biyokimyasal tedirginlikler olanak, ancak bu yöntemler mekanik kuvvet ve doku sertlik iç kulak duyu organları geliştirilmesi sırasında çalışması için bir yol sağlamaz. Burada olduğu gibi fare utricle ve bu sınırlamaların üstesinden koklea üç boyutlu organotypic kültür için bir yöntem açıklanmaktadır. Burada açıklanan üç boyutlu matris sertlik düzeltilmesi için teknik manipülasyon doku büyüme karşı elastik kuvvet verir. Bu yöntem bu nedenle iç kulak geliştirme sırasında mekanik Kuvvetleri rolü eğitim için kullanılabilir. Ayrıca, kültürler kazanç ve kayıp-in-fonksiyonlu deneyler için kullanılan virüs-aracılı gen teslim izin verir. Bu kültür yöntemi doğuştan gelen saç hücreleri koruyan ve destekleyen hücreleri ve vestibüler ve işitme duyu organları geleneksel iki boyutlu kültür potansiyel olarak üstün bir alternatif olarak hizmet vermektedir.

Vestibüler ve işitme duyu organları embriyonik kulaklar, gelen kültürlü 40-Pa kolajen ben düşük sertlik embriyonik koşulları11taklit jelleri, nispeten normal üç boyutlu yapılar (Şekil 1) korumak ve saç hücreleri korumak ve Destek hücreleri (Şekil 2 ve Şekil 3). Her ne kadar hücre yoğunluğu destekleyen üzerinden % 30 oranında azaltır (öğrenci t -...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Three-dimensional Organotypic Cultures of Vestibular and Auditory Sensory Organs at JoVE.com

Three-dimensional Organotypic Cultures of Vestibular and Auditory Sensory Organs

Fare utricle ve koklea içinde üç boyutlu organotypic kültürleri optik koru doğuştan gelen doku morfoloji jelleri kollajen temizleyin, matris sertlik ayarı aracılığıyla mekanik uyarılması için izin ve virüs-aracılı gen teslim izin.

Vestibüler ve işitme duyu organları kültürleri üç boyutlu Organotypic

The sensory organs of the inner ear are challenging to study in mammals due to their inaccessibility to experimental manipulation and optical observation. ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

Organotypic Slice Cultures for Studies of Postnatal Neurogenesis

POSTNATAL nöron Çalışmaları için organotipik Dilim Kültürler

Here we describe a technique for studying hippocampal postnatal neurogenesis in the rodent brain using the organotypic slice culture technique. This ...

Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes

Üç Boyutlu Kültürleri, mıkroRNA Analizi ve Putatif Hedef Genler üzerinde bir İnsan Sinir Kök Hücre Hattı Farklılaşma

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes under specific local ...

Three-dimensional Quantification of Dendritic Spines from Pyramidal Neurons Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

İnsan uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücrelerin türetilmiş Piramidal Nöronlar gelen Dendritik Spine Üç boyutlu Niceleme

Dendritic spines are small protrusions that correspond to the post-synaptic compartments of excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. They are ...

Using Ex Vivo Upright Droplet Cultures of Whole Fetal Organs to Study Developmental Processes during Mouse Organogenesis

Using Ex Vivo Upright Droplet Cultures of Whole Fetal Organs to Study Developmental Processes during Mouse Organogenesis

Kullanımı<em&gt; Ex Vivo</em&gt; Tüm Fetal Organları Dik Damlacık Kültürleri Fare Organogenesis sırasında Gelişim Süreçleri Eğitim için

Investigating organogenesis in utero is a technically challenging process in placental mammals due to inaccessibility of reagents to embryos that develop ...

Generation of Genetically Modified Organotypic Skin Cultures Using Devitalized Human Dermis

Güçsüz İnsan dermis kullanma Genetiği Değiştirilmiş Organotipik Cilt Kültürlerin Üretimi

Organotypic cultures allow the reconstitution of a 3D environment critical for cell-cell contact and cell-matrix interactions which mimics the function ...

Gene Transfer into the Chicken Auditory Organ by In Ovo Micro-electroporation

Gene Transfer into the Chicken Auditory Organ by In Ovo Micro-electroporation

Tavuk İşitsel Organ gen Transferi tarafından<em&gt; Ovo olarak</em&gt; Mikro-elektroporasyon

Chicken embryos are ideal model systems for studying embryonic development as manipulations of gene function can be conducted with relative ease in ovo. ...

Protocols for Visualizing Steroidogenic Organs and Their Interactive Organs with Immunostaining in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster

Protocols for Visualizing Steroidogenic Organs and Their Interactive Organs with Immunostaining in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster

Sineği boyanmasına ile steroidogenik organları ve İnteraktif Organlar görselleştirme için Protokoller<em&gt; Drosophila melanogaster</em

In multicellular organisms, a small group of cells is endowed with a specialized function in their biogenic activity, inducing a systemic response ...

Analysis of Retinoic Acid-induced Neural Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells in Two and Three-dimensional Embryoid Bodies

İki ve Üç boyutlu Embriyoid Oluşumu Fare Embriyonik Kök Hücreler Retinoik Asit kaynaklı sinir Farklılaşma analizi

Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) isolated from the inner mass of the blastocyst (typically at day E3.5), can be used as in vitro model system for ...

Horizontal Whole Mount: A Novel Processing and Imaging Protocol for Thick, Three-dimensional Tissue Cross-sections of Skin

Yatay Dağ Dağı: Derinin kalın, üç boyutlu doku kesitleri için yeni bir İşleme ve Görüntüleme Protokolü

Processing a tissue of interest to generate a microscopic image that supports a scientific argument can be challenging. The acquisition of high-quality ...

A Novel Use of Three-dimensional High-frequency Ultrasonography for Early Pregnancy Characterization in the Mouse

Üç boyutlu yüksek frekanslı Ultrasonografi romanı kullanımı için fare erken gebelik karakterizasyonu

High-frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) is a common method to non-invasively monitor the real-time development of the human fetus in utero. The mouse is ...