Name: a small animal model of ex vivo normothermic liver perfusion
Uploaded: 2018-06-27T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Small Animal Model of Ex Vivo Normothermic Liver Perfusion at JoVE.com

Dette arbeidet ble støttet av NIH T32AI 106704-01A1 og T. Flesch Fund for organtransplantasjon, perfusjon, Engineering og regenerasjon ved Ohio State University.

Alle prosedyrer ble utført i henhold til retningslinjene i den institusjonelle Animal Care og National Research Council's Guide for Human vare og bruk av laboratoriet dyr (IACUC) og har gjennomgått godkjenning av Ohio State University IACUC.
1. første oppsett
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Forberede perfusjon løsningen ved å kombinere følgende: 86 mL av 25% albumin, 184 mL av Williams' media, 30 mL av penicillin/streptomycin (10 U/mL penicillin og 0,01 mg/mL streptomycin), insulin (50 U/L), heparin ...

<ol>
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National Data, Transplants by Donor Type, U.S. Transplants Performed January 1, 1988 - December 31, 2016, For Organ = Liver Available from: <a target="_blank" href="https://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/data/view-data-reports/national-data/">https://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/data/view-data-reports/national-data/</a> (2017)</li><li>Nemes, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extended+criteria+donors+in+liver+transplantation+Part+I:+reviewing+the+impact+of+determining+factors.">Extended criteria donors in liver transplantation Part I: reviewing the impact of determining factors.</a> Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 10 (7), 827-839 (2016).</li><li>Nemes, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Extended-criteria+donors+in+liver+transplantation+Part+II:+reviewing+the+impact+of+extended-criteria+donors+on+the+complications+and+outcomes+of+liver+transplantation.">Extended-criteria donors in liver transplantation Part II: reviewing the impact of extended-criteria donors on the complications and outcomes of liver transplantation.</a> Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 10 (7), 841-859 (2016).</li><li>Pezzati, D., Ghinolfi, D., De Simone, P., Balzano, E., Filipponi, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Strategies+to+optimize+the+use+of+marginal+donors+in+liver+transplantation.">Strategies to optimize the use of marginal donors in liver transplantation.</a> World J Hepatol. 7 (26), 2636-2647 (2015).</li><li>Marecki, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Liver+ex+situ+machine+perfusion+preservation:+A+review+of+the+methodology+and+results+of+large+animal+studies+and+clinical+trials.">Liver ex situ machine perfusion preservation: A review of the methodology and results of large animal studies and clinical trials.</a> Liver Transpl. 23 (5), 679-695 (2017).</li><li>Barbas, A. S., Knechtle, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expanding+the+Donor+Pool+With+Normothermic+Ex+Vivo+Liver+Perfusion:+The+Future+Is+Now.">Expanding the Donor Pool With Normothermic Ex Vivo Liver Perfusion: The Future Is Now.</a> Am J Transplant. 16 (11), 3075-3076 (2016).</li><li>Dries, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ex+vivo+normothermic+machine+perfusion+and+viability+testing+of+discarded+human+donor+livers.">Ex vivo normothermic machine perfusion and viability testing of discarded human donor livers.</a> Am J Transplant. 13 (5), 1327-1335 (2013).</li><li>Westerkamp, A. 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U., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Normothermic+acellular+ex+vivo+liver+perfusion+reduces+liver+and+bile+duct+injury+of+pig+livers+retrieved+after+cardiac+death.">Normothermic acellular ex vivo liver perfusion reduces liver and bile duct injury of pig livers retrieved after cardiac death.</a> Am J Transplant. 13 (6), 1441-1449 (2013).</li><li>Sch&#246;n, M. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Liver+transplantation+after+organ+preservation+with+normothermic+extracorporeal+perfusion.">Liver transplantation after organ preservation with normothermic extracorporeal perfusion.</a> Ann Surg. 233 (1), 114-123 (2001).</li><li>Reddy, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Non-heart-beating+donor+porcine+livers:+the+adverse+effect+of+cooling.">Non-heart-beating donor porcine livers: the adverse effect of cooling.</a> Liver Transpl. 11 (1), 35-38 (2005).</li><li>Banan, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Novel+strategy+to+decrease+reperfusion+injuries+and+improve+function+of+cold-preserved+livers+using+normothermic+ex+vivo+liver+perfusion+machine.">Novel strategy to decrease reperfusion injuries and improve function of cold-preserved livers using normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion machine.</a> Liver Transpl. 22 (3), 333-343 (2016).</li><li>Held, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> An Introduction to Reactive Oxygen Species: Measurement of ROS in Cells. , 1-14 (2012).</li><li>Chen, C. 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S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polyethylene+glycol-conjugated+superoxide+dismutase+in+focal+cerebral+ischemia-reperfusion.">Polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase in focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.</a> Am J Physiol. 265 (1 Pt 2), H252-H256 (1993).</li><li>I&#351;lekel, S., I&#351;lekel, H., G&#252;ner, G., Ozdamar, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alterations+in+superoxide+dismutase,+glutathione+peroxidase+and+catalase+activities+in+experimental+cerebral+ischemia-reperfusion.">Alterations in superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in experimental cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.</a> Res Exp Med (Berl). 199 (3), 167-176 (1999).</li><li>Li, G., Chen, Y., Saari, J. T., Kang, Y. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Catalase-overexpressing+transgenic+mouse+heart+is+resistant+to+ischemia-reperfusion+injury.">Catalase-overexpressing transgenic mouse heart is resistant to ischemia-reperfusion injury.</a> Am J Physiol. 273 (3 Pt 2), H1090-H1095 (1997).</li><li>Nowak, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Immunotargeting+of+catalase+to+lung+endothelium+via+anti-angiotensin-converting+enzyme+antibodies+attenuates+ischemia-reperfusion+injury+of+the+lung+in+vivo.">Immunotargeting of catalase to lung endothelium via anti-angiotensin-converting enzyme antibodies attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury of the lung in vivo.</a> Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 293 (1), L162-L169 (2007).</li><li>Beckman, J. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Superoxide+dismutase+and+catalase+conjugated+to+polyethylene+glycol+increases+endothelial+enzyme+activity+and+oxidant+resistance.">Superoxide dismutase and catalase conjugated to polyethylene glycol increases endothelial enzyme activity and oxidant resistance.</a> J Biol Chem. 263 (14), 6884-6892 (1988).</li><li>Yabe, Y., Nishikawa, M., Tamada, A., Takakura, Y., Hashida, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Targeted+delivery+and+improved+therapeutic+potential+of+catalase+by+chemical+modification:+combination+with+superoxide+dismutase+derivatives.">Targeted delivery and improved therapeutic potential of catalase by chemical modification: combination with superoxide dismutase derivatives.</a> J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 289 (2), 1176-1184 (1999).</li><li>Yabe, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prevention+of+neutrophil-mediated+hepatic+ischemia/reperfusion+injury+by+superoxide+dismutase+and+catalase+derivatives.">Prevention of neutrophil-mediated hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by superoxide dismutase and catalase derivatives.</a> J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 298 (3), 894-899 (2001).</li><li>Ushitora, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prevention+of+hepatic+ischemia-reperfusion+injury+by+pre-administration+of+catalase-expressing+adenovirus+vectors.">Prevention of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by pre-administration of catalase-expressing adenovirus vectors.</a> J Control Release. 142 (3), 431-437 (2010).</li><li>Kakizaki, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Effects+of+Short-Term+Subnormothermic+Perfusion+after+Cold+Preservation+on+Liver+Grafts+from+Donors+after+Cardiac+Death:+An+Ex+Vivo+Rat+Model.">The Effects of Short-Term Subnormothermic Perfusion after Cold Preservation on Liver Grafts from Donors after Cardiac Death: An Ex Vivo Rat Model.</a> Transplantation. , (2018).</li><li>Kumar, R., Chung, W. Y., Dennison, A. R., Garcea, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ex+Vivo+Porcine+Organ+Perfusion+Models+as+a+Suitable+Platform+for+Translational+Transplant+Research.">Ex Vivo Porcine Organ Perfusion Models as a Suitable Platform for Translational Transplant Research.</a> Artif Organs. , (2017).</li><li>Nativ, N. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Liver+defatting:+an+alternative+approach+to+enable+steatotic+liver+transplantation.">Liver defatting: an alternative approach to enable steatotic liver transplantation.</a> Am J Transplant. 12 (12), 3176-3183 (2012).</li><li>Yeung, J. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ex+vivo+adenoviral+vector+gene+delivery+results+in+decreased+vector-associated+inflammation+pre-+and+post-lung+transplantation+in+the+pig.">Ex vivo adenoviral vector gene delivery results in decreased vector-associated inflammation pre- and post-lung transplantation in the pig.</a> Mol Ther. 20 (6), 1204-1211 (2012).</li><li>Goldaracena, N., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inducing+Hepatitis+C+Virus+Resistance+After+Pig+Liver+Transplantation-A+Proof+of+Concept+of+Liver+Graft+Modification+Using+Warm+Ex+Vivo+Perfusion.">Inducing Hepatitis C Virus Resistance After Pig Liver Transplantation-A Proof of Concept of Liver Graft Modification Using Warm Ex Vivo Perfusion.</a> Am J Transplant. 17 (4), 970-978 (2017).</li><li>Van Raemdonck, D., Neyrinck, A., Rega, F., Devos, T., Pirenne, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Machine+perfusion+in+organ+transplantation:+a+tool+for+ex+vivo+graft+conditioning+with+mesenchymal+stem+cells?.">Machine perfusion in organ transplantation: a tool for ex vivo graft conditioning with mesenchymal stem cells?.</a> Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 18 (1), 24-33 (2013).</li><li>Pratschke, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Results+of+the+TOP+Study:+Prospectively+Randomized+Multicenter+Trial+of+an+Ex+Vivo+Tacrolimus+Rinse+Before+Transplantation+in+EDC+Livers.">Results of the TOP Study: Prospectively Randomized Multicenter Trial of an Ex Vivo Tacrolimus Rinse Before Transplantation in EDC Livers.</a> Transplant Direct. 2 (6), e76 (2016).</li><li>Pratschke, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protocol+TOP-Study+(tacrolimus+organ+perfusion):+a+prospective+randomized+multicenter+trial+to+reduce+ischemia+reperfusion+injury+in+transplantation+of+marginal+liver+grafts+with+an+ex+vivo+tacrolimus+perfusion.">Protocol TOP-Study (tacrolimus organ perfusion): a prospective randomized multicenter trial to reduce ischemia reperfusion injury in transplantation of marginal liver grafts with an ex vivo tacrolimus perfusion.</a> Transplant Res. 2 (1), 3 (2013).</li><li>Nativ, N. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Elevated+sensitivity+of+macrosteatotic+hepatocytes+to+hypoxia/reoxygenation+stress+is+reversed+by+a+novel+defatting+protocol.">Elevated sensitivity of macrosteatotic hepatocytes to hypoxia/reoxygenation stress is reversed by a novel defatting protocol.</a> Liver Transpl. 20 (8), 1000-1011 (2014).</li><li>Lonze, B. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vitro+and+ex+vivo+delivery+of+short+hairpin+RNAs+for+control+of+hepatitis+C+viral+transcript+expression.">In vitro and ex vivo delivery of short hairpin RNAs for control of hepatitis C viral transcript expression.</a> Arch Surg. 147 (4), 384-387 (2012).</li></ol>

Det er en betydelig mangel på leveren allografts tilgjengelig for transplantasjon og svar donor kriterier har vært utvidet1,2,3,4,5. Som følge av donor mangel, har NEVLP blitt introdusert som en metode for å vurdere og endre organ funksjon6,7. Vi har utviklet en rotte modell av NEVLP. Videre har vi...

Det er 14,578 pasienter på venteliste for levertransplantasjon ca 7000 transplantasjon er utført per år1,2. Svar på dette betydelig donor mangel, har kriteriene for leveren givere utvidet; disse er ofte referert til som marginale organer eller utvidet kriterier givere og forventes å utføre mindre godt etter transplantasjon enn standardkriteriene allografts, med høyere priser på primære pode dysfunksjon og forsinket pode funksjonen3, 4,5,6. Resultatet har NEVLP blitt introdusert som en metode for å vurdere og endre organ funksjon6,7. Vi har designet en rotte modell av NEVLP og brukt denne modellen til å demonstrere en viktig bruksmuligheter-testing av romanen molekyl tilsetningsstoffer til leveren perfusate.
NEVLP har blitt evaluert både i Trouble (rat) og svin modeller og forkastet organer6,8,9. Resultatene av de første menneskelige studier av NEVLP har også nylig blitt publisert10. Selv om hypothermic maskin perfusjon blitt tydelig standard for nyre bevaring, er temperaturen på hvilken lever maskin perfusjonsmåling skal skje fortsatt kontroversielt. NEVLP har mange foreslåtte fordeler i forhold til hypothermic og subnormothermic perfusjon. Disse inkluderer redusert bevaring skade, restaurering av normale organfunksjon under fysiologiske forhold, evnen å taksere orgelspill, og som en plattform for orgel reparasjon, ombygging og modifisering7,11, 12,,13,,14,,15,,16,,17.
Et betydelig antall studier er fylt med svin NEVLP modeller. Selv om disse modellene er relativt billig når vurderer modeller med forkastet organer eller kliniske studier, er de svært dyre i forhold til våre små dyr NEVLP modell. En betydelig komponent av den per forsøk er perfusate. Vi kan fullføre en 4 h perfusjon med 300 mL av perfusate til en relativt lav kostnad. I tillegg er kostnaden av liten dyrene inkludert rotter svært lav i forhold til kostnaden av griser.
I forhold til andre modeller av NEVLP i rotte, modellen presentert her er relativt enkelt å implementere og har et bredt utvalg av programmer. Perfusjon kretsen kan ses i figur 1. Perfusate starter i perfusate reservoaret (1), som er en jacketed vannbeholderen. Perfusate er trukket fra reservoaret av en berg-pumpe (2) og presset inn en windkessel (3) og oxygenator (4). Oxygenator er angitt for countercurrent gass og perfusate flyt å gi maksimal gassutveksling. Det perfusate så inntektene til en oppvarming coil (5) innsiden perfusjon kammeret å sikre at det er fysiologiske temperatur, og en boble felle (6) å hindre perfusjon luftbobler det er pre organ (7) og etter organ (8) prøve porter, slik at perfusate skal samplet. Perfusate så inn leveren gjennom portalen blodåre kanyle. Portalen blodåre kanyle er knyttet til en press skjerm som diagrammer verdiene på den samling programvaren. Perfusate deretter avslutter leveren gjennom IVC kanyle og munner press equalizer blokken (9). Endelig er perfusate trukket fra press blokken tilbake gjennom Berg-pumpe og tømmes i reservoaret. Denne modellen inkluderer kontinuerlig perfusjon til portalen blodåre og utelater pulsatile flyten hepatic arterien og dialyse brukes i noen andre modeller, hver krever en separat og ytterligere krets, men har tidligere vist seg å ikke være nødvendig9,13.
For å utforske tillegg av en romanen terapeutiske molekyl til perfusate, valgte vi enzym catalase. Catalase er en endogen ROS åtseldyr som en del av celler interne forsvarsmekanisme å dempe virkningene av ROS18. Catalase uttrykk er økt i hepatic iskemi reperfusion skade19. Eksperimentell tillegg av catalase har vist seg for å redusere ischemia-reperfusion i øyet, hjernen og lungene,20,,21,,22,,23,,24. Pegylation har vist mot catalase endotelet og hjelp i catalase opptak til endotelceller25. PEG-CAT har blitt administrert systemisk med begrenset effekt i å redusere hepatic ischemia-reperfusion skader. men hypotese vi at legge PEG-katten å en isolert organ perfusjon krets vil føre til bedre resultater26,27,28. Her legger vi PEG-CAT til våre grunnleggende perfusate og demonstrere evnen redusere leveren bevaring skade.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Perfusate</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>8% Albumin</td>
			<td>CLS Behring, King of Prussia, PA</td>
			<td>0053-7680-32</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Williams Media</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
			<td>W1878</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin/Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
			<td>P4333</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Insulin</td>
			<td>Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, IL</td>
			<td>0002-8215-91</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heparin</td>
			<td>Fresnius Lab, Lake Zurich, IL</td>
			<td>C504701</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>L-glutamine</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
			<td>G3126</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hydrocortisone</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO</td>
			<td>H0888</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>THAM</td>
			<td>Hospira, Inc,</td>
			<td>0409-1593-04</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polyethylene Glycol - Catalase</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>S9549 SIGMA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Personal Protective Equipment </td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical Mask</td>
			<td>Generic</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Protective Gown</td>
			<td>Generic</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical Gloves</td>
			<td>Generic</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Liver Procurement</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sprague-Dawley Rat</td>
			<td>Harlan Sprague Dawley Inc.</td>
			<td>250 -350 grams</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical Microscope</td>
			<td>Leica</td>
			<td>M500-N w/ OHS</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Charcoal Canisters</td>
			<td>Kent Scientific</td>
			<td>SOMNO-2001-8</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane</td>
			<td>Piramal Healthcare</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pressure-Lok Precision Analytical Syringe&#160;</td>
			<td>Valco Instruments Co, Inc.</td>
			<td>SOMNO-10ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrosurgical Unit</td>
			<td>Macan</td>
			<td>MV-7A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Warming Pad</td>
			<td>Braintree Scientific</td>
			<td>HHP2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SomnoSuite Small Animal Anesthesia System</td>
			<td>Kent Scientific</td>
			<td>SS-MVG-Module</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PhysioSuite</td>
			<td>Kent Scientific</td>
			<td>PS-MSTAT-RT</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isoflurane chamber</td>
			<td>Kent Scientific</td>
			<td>SOMNO-0530LG</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SurgiVet</td>
			<td>Isotec</td>
			<td>CDS 9000 Tabletop</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oxygen</td>
			<td>Praxair</td>
			<td>98015</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rib retractors</td>
			<td>Kent Scientific</td>
			<td>INS600240</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>GenieTouch</td>
			<td>Kent Scientific</td>
			<td>GenieTouch</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Normal Saline</td>
			<td>Baxter</td>
			<td>NDC 0338-0048-04</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4x4 Non-Woven Sponges</td>
			<td>Criterion</td>
			<td>104-2411</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile Q-Tips</td>
			<td>Henry Schein Animal Health</td>
			<td>1009175</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>U-100 27 Gauge Insulin Syringe</td>
			<td>Terumo</td>
			<td>22-272328</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5mL Syringe</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>REF 309603</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4-0 Braided Silk Suture</td>
			<td>Deknatel, Inc.</td>
			<td>198737LP</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>7-0 Braided Silk Suture</td>
			<td>Teleflex Medical</td>
			<td>REF 103-S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>16 gauge Catheters</td>
			<td>BBraun Introcan Safety</td>
			<td>4252586-02</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>14 gauge Catheters</td>
			<td>BBraun Introcan Safety</td>
			<td>4251717-02</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bile Duct Cannular Tubing</td>
			<td>Altec</td>
			<td>01-96-1727&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; &#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Liver Perfusion Circuit Components </td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Water Bath Warmer</td>
			<td>Lauda Ecoline Staredition</td>
			<td>E103</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Data Collection Software</td>
			<td>ADInstruments&#160;</td>
			<td>Labchart 7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Liver Perfusion Circuit</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>73-2901</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Membrane Oxygenator</td>
			<td>Mediac SPA</td>
			<td>M03069</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Roller Pump</td>
			<td>Ismatec</td>
			<td>ISM827B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gas (95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide)</td>
			<td>Praxair</td>
			<td>98015</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Organ Chamber</td>
			<td>Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td>ILP-2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1.8 mL Arcticle Cryogenic Tube</td>
			<td>USA Scientific</td>
			<td>1418-7410</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mucasol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>Z637181</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microsurgical Instruments</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Small Scissors</td>
			<td>Roboz</td>
			<td>RS-5610</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Large Scissors</td>
			<td>S&#38;T</td>
			<td>SAA-15</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps - Large Angled</td>
			<td>S&#38;T</td>
			<td>JFCL-7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps - Small Angled</td>
			<td>S&#38;T</td>
			<td>FRAS-15 RM-8</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Clip Applier</td>
			<td>ROBOZ</td>
			<td>RS-5440</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Scissors - non micro</td>
			<td>FST 14958-11</td>
			<td>14958-11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps - Straight Tip</td>
			<td>S&#38;T</td>
			<td>FRS-15 RM8TC</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Large Microsurgical Clip</td>
			<td>Fine Scientific Tools</td>
			<td>18055-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Small Microsurgical Clip</td>
			<td>Fine Scientific Tools</td>
			<td>18055-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Small Microsurgical Clip</td>
			<td>Fine Scientific Tools</td>
			<td>18055-02</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Small Microsurgical Clip</td>
			<td>Fine Scientific Tools</td>
			<td>18055-03</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Small Mosquito Clamps</td>
			<td>Generic</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Post-Experiment Analysis </td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Activity Colorimetric/Fluorometric Assay Kit</td>
			<td>BioVision</td>
			<td>K752</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Colorimetric/Fluorometric Assay Kit</td>
			<td>BioVision</td>
			<td>K354</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glutathione Assay Kit</td>
			<td>Cayman Chemical</td>
			<td>703002</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) Assay Kit</td>
			<td>Abcam</td>
			<td>ab118970</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Caspase-Glo 3/7 Assay Systems</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>G8090</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>POLARstar OMEGA Microplate Reader</td>
			<td>BMG LABTECH</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a small animal model of ex vivo normothermic liver perfusion

Det er en betydelig mangel på leveren allografts tilgjengelig for transplantasjon, og svar donor kriteriene har blitt utvidet. Resultatet har normothermic ex vivo leveren perfusjon (NEVLP) blitt introdusert som en metode for å vurdere og endre organfunksjon. NEVLP har mange fordeler i forhold til hypothermic og subnormothermic perfusjon inkludert redusert bevaring skade, restaurering av normale organfunksjon under fysiologiske forhold, vurdering av organ ytelse, og som en plattform for orgel reparasjon , ombygging og modifisering. Både murine og svin NEVLP modeller har blitt beskrevet. Vi demonstrere en rotte modell av NEVLP og bruke denne modellen til å vise en av sine viktige programmer, bruk av et terapeutisk molekyl lagt til leveren perfusate. Catalase er en endogen reaktive oksygen arter (ROS) åtseldyr og har vist seg for å redusere ischemia-reperfusion i øyet, hjernen og lungene. Pegylation har vist mot catalase til endotelet. Her vi lagt pegylert-catalase (PEG-CAT) til base perfusate og vist sin evne til å redusere leveren bevaring skade. En fordel med vår gnager NEVLP modell er at det er billig i forhold til større dyremodeller. En begrensning av denne studien er at det ikke inkluderer for øyeblikket etter perfusjon levertransplantasjon. Derfor kan ikke prediksjon av den etter organtransplantasjon gjøres med sikkerhet. Men rotte levertransplantasjon modellen er godt etablert og sikkert kan brukes sammen med denne modellen. I konklusjonen, har vi vist en billig, enkel, lett repliserbar NEVLP modellen med rotter. Anvendelser av denne modellen kan inkludere testing romanen perfusates og perfusate tilsetningsstoffer, testing programvare designet for orgel evaluering og eksperimenter designet for å reparere organer.

En utvalgsstørrelsen av tre rotter per gruppe ble brukt. ALT ble målt på 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 og 240 minutter av perfusjon. Vi brukte Student t-tester til å sammenligne resultater mellom base perfusate og base perfusate pluss PEG-CAT grupper på hvert tidspunkt. Sammenligne base perfusate og base perfusate pluss PEG-CAT grupper, det er betydelig mindre (p < 0,05) ALT i base perfusate pluss PEG-CAT gruppe på 150, 180, 210 og 240 minutter (<strong class="...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Small Animal Model of Ex Vivo Normothermic Liver Perfusion at JoVE.com

A Small Animal Model of Ex Vivo Normothermic Liver Perfusion

En liten dyr modell av Ex Vivo Normothermic lever perfusjon

Det er betydelige leveren donor mangel, og kriterier for leveren givere har blitt utvidet. Normothermic ex vivo leveren perfusjon (NEVLP) har blitt utviklet for å evaluere og endre organfunksjon. Denne studien viser en rotte modell av NEVLP og tester pegylert-catalase, evnen til å redusere leveren bevaring skade.

There is a significant shortage of liver allografts available for transplantation, and in response the donor criteria have been expanded. As a result, ...

Research

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Medicine

A Small Animal Model of Ex Vivo Normothermic Liver Perfusion

Technique of Subnormothermic Ex Vivo Liver Perfusion for the Storage, Assessment, and Repair of Marginal Liver Grafts

Technique of Subnormothermic Ex Vivo Liver Perfusion for the Storage, Assessment, and Repair of Marginal Liver Grafts

Technique av Subnormothermic<em&gt; Ex Vivo</em&gt; Leverperfusjon for bagasje, Assessment, og reparasjon av begrensede lever grafts

The success of liver transplantation has resulted in a dramatic organ shortage. In most transplant regions 20-30% of patients on the waiting list for ...

Procedure for Human Saphenous Veins Ex Vivo Perfusion and External Reinforcement

Procedure for Human Saphenous Veins Ex Vivo Perfusion and External Reinforcement

Prosedyre for menneske saphena Veins<em&gt; Ex Vivo</em&gt; Perfusjons og ekstern forsterkning

The mainstay of contemporary therapies for extensive occlusive arterial disease is venous bypass graft. However, its durability is threatened by intimal ...

Method of Isolated Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion in a Rat Model: Lessons Learned from Developing a Rat EVLP Program

Method of Isolated Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion in a Rat Model: Lessons Learned from Developing a Rat EVLP Program

Måte Isolert<em&gt; Ex Vivo</em&gt; Lung Perfusjons i en Rat Modell: Erfaringer fra å utvikle en Rat EVLP Program

The number of acceptable donor lungs available for lung transplantation is severely limited due to poor quality. Ex-Vivo Lung Perfusion (EVLP) has allowed ...

Ex Situ Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Donor Livers

Ex Situ Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Donor Livers

In contrast to conventional static cold preservation (0-4 &#176;C), ex situ machine perfusion may provide better preservation of donor livers. Continuous ...

Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion for the Preservation of Kidney Grafts prior to Transplantation

Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion for the Preservation of Kidney Grafts prior to Transplantation

Normotermisk<em&gt; Ex Vivo</em&gt; Nyre Perfusjons for Bevaring av Kidney grafts før Transplantasjon

Kidney transplantation has become a well-established treatment option for patients with end-stage renal failure. The persisting organ shortage remains a ...

Method of Direct Segmental Intra-hepatic Delivery Using a Rat Liver Hilar Clamp Model

Metode for direkte Segmental Intra-lever Levering Ved hjelp av en rottelever hilar Clamp Model

Major hepatic surgery with inflow occlusion, and liver transplantation, necessitate a period of warm ischemia, and a period of reperfusion leading to ...

Assessment of Plasma Coagulation on Liver Tissue in a Large Animal Model In Vivo

Assessment of Plasma Coagulation on Liver Tissue in a Large Animal Model In Vivo

Vurdering av Plasma koagulering på leveren vev i en stor dyremodell i Vivo

Plasma coagulation as a form of electrocautery is used in liver surgery for decades to seal the large liver cut surface after major hepatectomy to prevent ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

Isometrisk Contractility måling av musen hvem arterien bruker Wire Myography

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...

Normothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism

Normothermic Ex Situ hjertet perfusjon i arbeider modus: vurdering av hjertefunksjon og metabolisme

The current standard method for organ preservation (cold storage, CS), exposes the heart to a period of cold ischemia that limits the safe preservation ...

Murine Precision-Cut Liver Slices as an Ex Vivo Model of Liver Biology

Murine Precision-Cut Leverskiver som en Ex Vivo-modell av leverbiologi

Understanding the mechanisms of liver injury, hepatic fibrosis, and cirrhosis that underlie chronic liver diseases (i.e., viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic ...