Name: the perinatal asphyxiated lamb model: a model for newborn resuscitation
Uploaded: 2018-08-15T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation at JoVE.com

Todos los protocolos han sido aprobados por el institucional Animal Care y el Comité uso (IACUC) por el búfalo de la Universidad Estatal de Nueva York. Una ilustración de la metodología que representa la invasión y la monitorización no invasiva se muestra en la figura 1.
1. los animales
<ol><li>Uso tiempo fecha, fiebre Q seronegativos, embarazadas ovejas (raza mezclada, Suffolk-Dorset-Katahdin raza) con corderos fetales en la gestación de 127 – 143 día...

<ol>
	<li>Wyckoff, M. H., Berg, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optimizing+chest+compressions+during+delivery-room+resuscitation.">Optimizing chest compressions during delivery-room resuscitation.</a> Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 13 (6), 410-415 (2008).</li><li>Black, R. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Global,+regional,+and+national+causes+of+child+mortality+in+2008:+a+systematic+analysis.">Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis.</a> Lancet. 375 (9730), 1969-1987 (2010).</li><li>Guglani, L., Lakshminrusimha, S., Ryan, R. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transient+tachypnea+of+the+newborn.">Transient tachypnea of the newborn.</a> Pediatr Rev. 29 (11), e59-e65 (2008).</li><li>Brown, M. J., Olver, R. E., Ramsden, C. A., Strang, L. B., Walters, D. V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+adrenaline+and+of+spontaneous+labour+on+the+secretion+and+absorption+of+lung+liquid+in+the+fetal+lamb.">Effects of adrenaline and of spontaneous labour on the secretion and absorption of lung liquid in the fetal lamb.</a> J Physiol. 344, 137-152 (1983).</li><li>Lakshminrusimha, S., Saugstad, O. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+fetal+circulation,+pathophysiology+of+hypoxemic+respiratory+failure+and+pulmonary+hypertension+in+neonates,+and+the+role+of+oxygen+therapy.">The fetal circulation, pathophysiology of hypoxemic respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension in neonates, and the role of oxygen therapy.</a> J Perinatol. 36 Suppl 2, S3-S11 (2016).</li><li>Wyckoff, M. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Part+13:+Neonatal+Resuscitation:+2015+American+Heart+Association+Guidelines+Update+for+Cardiopulmonary+Resuscitation+and+Emergency+Cardiovascular+Care.">Part 13: Neonatal Resuscitation: 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.</a> Circulation. 132 (18 suppl 2), S543-S560 (2015).</li><li>Bhatt, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Delaying+cord+clamping+until+ventilation+onset+improves+cardiovascular+function+at+birth+in+preterm+lambs.">Delaying cord clamping until ventilation onset improves cardiovascular function at birth in preterm lambs.</a> J Physiol. 591 (Pt 8), 2113-2126 (2013).</li><li>Katheria, A. C., Brown, M. K., Rich, W., Arnell, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Providing+a+Placental+Transfusion+in+Newborns+Who+Need+Resuscitation).">Providing a Placental Transfusion in Newborns Who Need Resuscitation).</a> Front Pediatr. 5 (1), (2017).</li><li>Kapadia, V. S., Wyckoff, M. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Drugs+during+delivery+room+resuscitation--what,+when+and+why?.">Drugs during delivery room resuscitation--what, when and why?.</a> Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 18 (6), 357-361 (2013).</li><li>Barcroft, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Researches on Pre-natal Life. 1, 292 (1946).</li><li>Dawes, G. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Foetal and Neonatal Physiosolgy. A Comparative Study of the Changes at Birth. , (1968).</li><li>Rudolph, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Congenital Diseases of the Heart: Clinical-Physiological Considerations. , 1-24 (2009).</li><li>Sobotka, K. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+initial+sustained+inflation+improves+the+respiratory+and+cardiovascular+transition+at+birth+in+preterm+lambs.">An initial sustained inflation improves the respiratory and cardiovascular transition at birth in preterm lambs.</a> Pediatr Res. 70 (1), 56-60 (2011).</li><li>Polglase, G. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Positive+end-expiratory+pressure+differentially+alters+pulmonary+hemodynamics+and+oxygenation+in+ventilated,+very+premature+lambs.">Positive end-expiratory pressure differentially alters pulmonary hemodynamics and oxygenation in ventilated, very premature lambs.</a> J Appl Physiol (1985). 99 (4), 1453-1461 (2005).</li><li>Lakshminrusimha, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oxygen+concentration+and+pulmonary+hemodynamics+in+newborn+lambs+with+pulmonary+hypertension.">Oxygen concentration and pulmonary hemodynamics in newborn lambs with pulmonary hypertension.</a> Pediatr Res. 66 (5), 539-544 (2009).</li><li>Lakshminrusimha, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pulmonary+hemodynamics+in+neonatal+lambs+resuscitated+with+21%,+50%+and+100%+oxygen.">Pulmonary hemodynamics in neonatal lambs resuscitated with 21%, 50% and 100% oxygen.</a> Pediatr Res. 62 (3), 313-318 (2007).</li><li>Hooper, S. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cardiovascular+transition+at+birth:+a+physiological+sequence.">Cardiovascular transition at birth: a physiological sequence.</a> Pediatr Res. 77 (5), 608-614 (2015).</li><li>Vali, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+Timing+and+Route+of+Epinephrine+in+a+Neonatal+Model+of+Asphyxial+Arrest.">Evaluation of Timing and Route of Epinephrine in a Neonatal Model of Asphyxial Arrest.</a> J Am Heart Assoc. 6 (2), (2017).</li><li>Vali, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Continuous+Chest+Compressions+During+Sustained+Inflations+in+a+Perinatal+Asphyxial+Cardiac+Arrest+Lamb+Model.">Continuous Chest Compressions During Sustained Inflations in a Perinatal Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest Lamb Model.</a> Pediatr Crit Care Med. , (2017).</li><li>Vali, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hemodynamics+and+gas+exchange+during+chest+compressions+in+neonatal+resuscitation.">Hemodynamics and gas exchange during chest compressions in neonatal resuscitation.</a> PLoS One. 12 (4), e0176478 (2017).</li><li>Tana, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Determination+of+Lung+Volume+and+Hemodynamic+Changes+During+High-Frequency+Ventilation+Recruitment+in+Preterm+Neonates+With+Respiratory+Distress+Syndrome.">Determination of Lung Volume and Hemodynamic Changes During High-Frequency Ventilation Recruitment in Preterm Neonates With Respiratory Distress Syndrome.</a> Crit Care Med. 43 (8), 1685-1691 (2015).</li><li>Morin, F. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ligating+the+ductus+arteriosus+before+birth+causes+persistent+pulmonary+hypertension+in+the+newborn+lamb.">Ligating the ductus arteriosus before birth causes persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn lamb.</a> Pediatr Res. 25 (3), 245-250 (1989).</li><li>Morin, F. C., Egan, E. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pulmonary+hemodynamics+in+fetal+lambs+during+development+at+normal+and+increased+oxygen+tension.">Pulmonary hemodynamics in fetal lambs during development at normal and increased oxygen tension.</a> J Appl Physiol (1985). 73 (1), 213-218 (1992).</li><li>Morin, F. C., Egan, E. A., Ferguson, W., Lundgren, C. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+of+pulmonary+vascular+response+to+oxygen.">Development of pulmonary vascular response to oxygen.</a> Am J Physiol. 254 (3 Pt 2), H542-H546 (1988).</li><li>Rawat, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neonatal+resuscitation+adhering+to+oxygen+saturation+guidelines+in+asphyxiated+lambs+with+meconium+aspiration.">Neonatal resuscitation adhering to oxygen saturation guidelines in asphyxiated lambs with meconium aspiration.</a> Pediatr Res. , (2015).</li><li>Chandrasekharan, P. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Continuous+End-Tidal+Carbon+Dioxide+Monitoring+during+Resuscitation+of+Asphyxiated+Term+Lambs.">Continuous End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring during Resuscitation of Asphyxiated Term Lambs.</a> Neonatology. 109 (4), 265-273 (2016).</li><li>Lakshminrusimha, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tracheal+suctioning+improves+gas+exchange+but+not+hemodynamics+in+asphyxiated+lambs+with+meconium+aspiration.">Tracheal suctioning improves gas exchange but not hemodynamics in asphyxiated lambs with meconium aspiration.</a> Pediatr Res. 77 (2), 347-355 (2015).</li><li>Meuli, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+utero+surgery+rescues+neurological+function+at+birth+in+sheep+with+spina+bifida.">In utero surgery rescues neurological function at birth in sheep with spina bifida.</a> Nat Med. 1 (4), 342-347 (1995).</li><li>Meuli, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Creation+of+myelomeningocele+in+utero:+a+model+of+functional+damage+from+spinal+cord+exposure+in+fetal+sheep.">Creation of myelomeningocele in utero: a model of functional damage from spinal cord exposure in fetal sheep.</a> J Pediatr Surg. 30 (7), 1028-1032 (1995).</li><li>Adzick, N. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Correction+of+congenital+diaphragmatic+hernia+in+utero.+IV.+An+early+gestational+fetal+lamb+model+for+pulmonary+vascular+morphometric+analysis.">Correction of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in utero. IV. An early gestational fetal lamb model for pulmonary vascular morphometric analysis.</a> J Pediatr Surg. 20 (6), 673-680 (1985).</li><li>Harrison, M. R., Bressack, M. A., Churg, A. M., de Lorimier, A. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Correction+of+congenital+diaphragmatic+hernia+in+utero.+II.+Simulated+correction+permits+fetal+lung+growth+with+survival+at+birth.">Correction of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in utero. II. Simulated correction permits fetal lung growth with survival at birth.</a> Surgery. 88 (2), 260-268 (1980).</li><li>Turley, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intrauterine+cardiothoracic+surgery:+the+fetal+lamb+model.">Intrauterine cardiothoracic surgery: the fetal lamb model.</a> Ann Thorac Surg. 34 (4), 422-426 (1982).</li><li>Reddy, V. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+utero+placement+of+aortopulmonary+shunts.+A+model+of+postnatal+pulmonary+hypertension+with+increased+pulmonary+blood+flow+in+lambs.">In utero placement of aortopulmonary shunts. A model of postnatal pulmonary hypertension with increased pulmonary blood flow in lambs.</a> Circulation. 92 (3), 606-613 (1995).</li><li>Hemway, R. J., Christman, C., Perlman, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+3:1+is+superior+to+a+15:2+ratio+in+a+newborn+manikin+model+in+terms+of+quality+of+chest+compressions+and+number+of+ventilations.">The 3:1 is superior to a 15:2 ratio in a newborn manikin model in terms of quality of chest compressions and number of ventilations.</a> Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 98 (1), F42-F45 (2013).</li><li>Solev&#229;g, A. L., Schm&#246;lzer, G. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optimal+Chest+Compression+Rate+and+Compression+to+Ventilation+Ratio+in+Delivery+Room+Resuscitation:+Evidence+from+Newborn+Piglets+and+Neonatal+Manikins.">Optimal Chest Compression Rate and Compression to Ventilation Ratio in Delivery Room Resuscitation: Evidence from Newborn Piglets and Neonatal Manikins.</a> Frontiers in Pediatrics. 5 (3), (2017).</li><li>Solev&#229;g, A. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chest+compressions+in+newborn+animal+models:+A+review.">Chest compressions in newborn animal models: A review.</a> Resuscitation. 96, 151-155 (2015).</li></ol>

El modelo de cordero es comparable en tamaño a los recién nacidos humanos y permite fácil instrumentación para medir las variables hemodinámicas invasivas. El modelo fetal, recién nacido Cordero ha sido una herramienta invaluable que rico ha contribuido a entender la transición de la circulación, así como la fisiología pulmonar y cardiovascular del recién nacido. Varios modelos experimentales de cordero se han establecido durante los años para estudiar estrategias de ventilación óptima en prematuros cordero...

Asfixia perinatal ocurre en aproximadamente 4 por cada 1.000 nacidos de término en los Estados Unidos y es responsable de aproximadamente el 25% de los 4 millones de muertes neonatales en todo el mundo1,2. A lo largo del desarrollo natural del feto, varias adaptaciones deben ocurrir durante el parto y al nacimiento para permitir una transición sin problemas desde el intra - al ambiente extrauterino cuando los pulmones toman el papel de la placenta como órgano de intercambio gaseoso. Cualquier falla del recién nacido a la adecuada transición al nacer más compromete esfuerzos de resucitación. Casos al pulmón fetal es incompleta o retrasada3,4y las circunstancias que resultan en un impacto de5 de la resistencia vascular pulmonar alta persistente (PVR) la eficacia de la ventilación, que sigue siendo el más intervención importante en la reanimación de los recién nacidos asfixiados6. Además, el pinzamiento inmediato del cordón umbilical y extracción de la placenta de baja resistencia puede conducir a cambios bruscos en volumen cardiaco que puede causar la disfunción miocardio7,8.
Debido a la frecuente necesidad de resucitación agresiva (necesidad de compresiones o administración de epinefrina)1,9, hay una falta de evidencia fuerte de grandes ensayos clínicos para apoyar la corriente requisitos del programa (PNR) de la reanimación neonatal. Muchos estudios de investigación traslacional en la reanimación neonatal son efectuados por el postnatales modelos animales (especialmente cerdos) que no representan adecuadamente la transición de circulación fetal y en los pulmones llenos de líquido inherentes al recién nacido en la entrega habitación. Dado los desafíos relacionados con la transición de circulación fetal a la circulación neonatal, el modelo de cordero fetal cardiaco asfixia perinatal es ideal para estudiar la fisiología de resucitación neonatal.
Los estudios de Joseph Barcroft en fetal corderos, ya en la década de 1930, sentó las bases de fisiología fetal y neonatal10. En la segunda mitad delsiglo 20 , experimentos innovadores y meticulosos de Geoffrey Dawes en fetal cordero modelos, y más adelante ésos por Abraham Rudolph han contribuido enormemente al conocimiento de la fisiología cardiovascular y pulmonar en el feto 11 , 12. en los últimos años, estudios en modelos de cordero fetal y neonatal han proporcionado una mejor comprensión del impacto de la ventilación sobre la hemodinámica13,14, los efectos de la oxigenación en PVR15,16, así como de los cambios circulatorios que ocurren durante el cable de sujeción de7,17. Finalmente, en el último año, el cordero recién nacido ha servido como un modelo novedoso para el estudio de los efectos hemodinámicos durante la resucitación18,19,20. Un relato paso a paso de lo que está implicado en la realización de un experimento de cordero, así como una descripción detallada de la instrumentación quirúrgica y se presentará la metodología experimental.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="819">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Babcock forceps</td>
			<td>Miltex</td>
			<td>16-44</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:216px;">Blood pressure transducer</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Becton Dickinson</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">P23XL-1</td>
			<td style="width:200px;">Used with saline filled diaphragm domes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Blunt tipped scissors</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Miltex</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">98SCS50-56</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:216px;">Capnograph</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Philips</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">7900</td>
			<td style="width:200px;">Used with Neonatal Flow Sensors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Cautery pencil</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Valley Lab</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">287879</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Cautery unit</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Valley Lab</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">SSE2K</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Curved Forceps</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Everost</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">711714</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Data acquisition software</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Biopac Systems Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">ACK100W</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">EKG</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Biopac Systems Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">ECG100C</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Endotracheal tube -cuffed</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Rusch</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">111780035</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Flow modulator</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Transonic Systems Inc.&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">T403</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Flow-probe</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Transonic Systems Inc.&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">MC4PSS-LS-WC100-CM4B-GA</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Gastric tube</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Jorgensen Labs Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">J0106LE</td>
			<td style="width:200px;">To decompress and drain ewe stomach</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Hair clipper</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Andis Company</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">65340</td>
			<td style="width:200px;">&#160;# 40 Clipper Blade</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Infant radiant warmer</td>
			<td>GE healthcare</td>
			<td>7810</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">Intravenous catheters</td>
			<td>Becton Dickinson</td>
			<td>381234</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Iris surgical scissors</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Patterson</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">510585</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Kelly Foreceps</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Patterson</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">510535</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Mosquito Forceps</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">RICA Surgical Products INC</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">1-74</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Near-infrared spectroscopy</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Nonin Medical Inc.&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">X-100M</td>
			<td style="width:200px;">Sensmart Equanox &#38; PureSAT</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">RSO2 Sensor</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Nonin Medical Inc.&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">8004CB-NA</td>
			<td style="width:200px;">Neonatal&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Scalpel handle and blade</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Everost</td>
			<td>707203</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Sutures -silk 2-0</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Covidien</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">SS-695</td>
			<td style="width:200px;">Used for tying catheters to vessels</td>
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		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Sutures -vicryl&#160; 2-0</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Ethicon</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">J269H</td>
			<td style="width:200px;">Used for closing thoracotomy&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">T-piece resuscitator</td>
			<td>Neo-Tee</td>
			<td>MCM1050812</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Umbilical ties</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Jorgensen Labs Inc.</td>
			<td>J0025UA</td>
			<td style="width:200px;"></td>
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		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Weitlander Retractor</td>
			<td style="width:192px;">Miltex</td>
			<td style="width:211px;">11-625</td>
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		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

the perinatal asphyxiated lamb model: a model for newborn resuscitation

Asfixia del nacimiento representa casi 1 millón de muertes en todo el mundo cada año y es una de las principales causas de mortalidad y morbilidad neonatal temprana. Muchos aspectos de las pautas actuales de reanimación neonatal siguen siendo polémicos dadas las dificultades en la realización de ensayos clínicos aleatorios debido a la infrecuente y a menudo imprevisible necesidad de resucitación amplia. Mayoría de los estudios en la reanimación neonatal se derivan de modelos maniquí que no verdaderamente reflejar cambios fisiológicos o cochinillo modelos que han limpiado su líquido pulmonar y que han completado la transición de feto a la circulación neonatal. El presente Protocolo proporciona una descripción detallada paso a paso sobre cómo crear un modelo de cordero fetal asfixia perinatal. El modelo propuesto tiene una transición de la circulación y los pulmones llenos de líquido, que imita humanos recién nacidos después del nacimiento y es, por tanto, un excelente modelo animal para estudiar la fisiología del recién nacido. Una importante limitación a los experimentos de cordero es el mayor costo asociado.

Después de la instrumentación de los corderos fetales, variables hemodinámicas pueden ser registrados (figura 3 y figura 4), analizaron e interpretaron (figura 5). Se recogerán muestras de sangre frecuentes, y la figura 6 muestra el pH y la PaCO2 datos de uno de los experimentos. En ocasiones, catéteres o sondas de flujo pueden funcionar mal o conseguirá...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation at JoVE.com

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

Instrumentación invasiva del cordero fetal proporciona mediciones precisas fisiológicas de la circulación de transición en un modelo que imita muy de cerca al bebé recién nacido.

La Perinatal asfixia cordero modelo: Un modelo para la reanimación de recién nacido

Birth asphyxia accounts for nearly one million deaths worldwide each year, and is one of the primary causes of early neonatal morbidity and mortality. ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Normothermic Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Mouse Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Arresto normotérmica cardiaca y reanimación cardiopulmonar: un modelo de ratón de la lesión por isquemia-reperfusión

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common, highly lethal, complication of critical illness which has a high mortality1-4 and which is most 
frequently caused ...

Investigación

Medicina

A Rat Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Resuscitation by Conventional Closed-chest Technique

Un modelo de rata de la fibrilación ventricular y Reanimación por Convencional cerrado pecho Técnica

A rat model of electrically-induced ventricular fibrillation followed by cardiac resuscitation using a closed chest technique that incorporates the basic ...

A Piglet Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Un modelo del cochinillo de Neonatología encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica

Birth asphyxia, which causes hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), accounts for 0.66 million deaths worldwide each year, about a quarter of the ...

Breast Milk Enhances Growth of Enteroids: An Ex Vivo Model of Cell Proliferation

Breast Milk Enhances Growth of Enteroids: An Ex Vivo Model of Cell Proliferation

La leche materna mejora el crecimiento de Enteroids: un modelo Ex Vivo de la proliferación celular

Human small intestinal enteroids are derived from the crypts and when grown in a stem cell niche contain all of the epithelial cell types. The ability to ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

Medición de la contractilidad isométrica de la arteria mesentérica de ratón con cable miografía

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...

The Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill for Knee Osteoarthritis Rehabilitation

La cinta de correr de presión positiva del cuerpo inferior para la rehabilitación de la osteoartritis de rodilla

Here, based on a clinician&rsquo;s point-of-view, we propose a two-model lower body positive pressure (LBPP) protocol (walking and squatting models) in ...

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Electrocardiografía no invasiva en el ratón perinatal

Electrocardiography (ECG) has long been relied upon as an effective and reliable method of assessing cardiovascular (and cardiopulmonary) function in both ...

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

Un modelo murino de exposición fetal a la inflamación materna para estudiar los efectos de la coleamnionitis aguda en el desarrollo intestinal neonatal

Chorioamnionitis is a common precipitant of preterm birth and is associated with many of the morbidities of prematurity, including necrotizing ...

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers

Efecto del ácido hialurónico 35 kDa en un modelo in vitro de lesión prematura del intestino delgado y curación utilizando monocapas derivadas de enteroides

In vitro scratch wound assays are commonly used to investigate the mechanisms and characteristics of epithelial healing in a variety of tissue types. ...

In Vitro Apical-Out Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

In Vitro Apical-Out Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

In vitro Modelo enteroide apical de enterocolitis necrosante

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease affecting preterm infants, characterized by intestinal inflammation and necrosis. Enteroids have ...