Name: impact of intracardiac neurons on cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis in an ex vivo langendorff system
Uploaded: 2018-05-22T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Impact of Intracardiac Neurons on Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmogenesis in an Ex Vivo Langendorff System at JoVE.com

Forfatterne vil gerne takke Hartwig Wieboldt for hans fremragende teknisk bistand og UKE mikroskopi Imaging anlægget (Umif) af University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf mikroskoper og støtte. Denne forskning blev finansieret som Förderverein des Universitären Herzzentrums Hamborg e.V. og af DZHK (tyske Center for hjerte-kar-forskning) [FKZ 81Z4710141].

Alle procedurer, der involverer dyr blev godkendt af de lokale myndigheder i staten Hamburg, University of Hamburg dyrs pleje og brug udvalg.
1. forberedelse af apparatet Langendorff
Bemærk: Et kommercielt tilgængelige Langendorff perfusion systemet bruges.
<ol><li>Forberede en modificeret Krebs-Henseleit løsning (119 mM natriumchlorid, 25 mM af natriumbikarbonat, 4,6 mM kaliumchloridopløsning, 1,2 mM af kalium fosfat monobasic, 1,1 mM af magnesium sulfat, 2,5...

<ol>
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C., Wray, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Suppression+of+red+blood+cell+autofluorescence+for+immunocytochemistry+on+fixed+embryonic+mouse+tissue.">Suppression of red blood cell autofluorescence for immunocytochemistry on fixed embryonic mouse tissue.</a> Current Protocols in Neuroscience. 81, 2.28.1-2.28.12 (2017).</li><li>Fukuda, K., Kanazawa, H., Aizawa, Y., Ardell, J. L., Shivkumar, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cardiac+innervation+and+sudden+cardiac+death.">Cardiac innervation and sudden cardiac death.</a> Circulation Research. 116 (12), 2005-2019 (2015).</li><li>Wengrowski, A. M., Wang, X., Tapa, S., Posnack, N. G., Mendelowitz, D., Kay, M. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optogenetic+release+of+norepinephrine+from+cardiac+sympathetic+neurons+alters+mechanical+and+electrical+function.">Optogenetic release of norepinephrine from cardiac sympathetic neurons alters mechanical and electrical function.</a> Cardiovascular Research. 105 (2), 143-150 (2015).</li><li>Rivinius, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Control+of+cardiac+chronotropic+function+in+patients+after+heart+transplantation:+effects+of+ivabradine+and+metoprolol+succinate+on+resting+heart+rate+in+the+denervated+heart.">Control of cardiac chronotropic function in patients after heart transplantation: effects of ivabradine and metoprolol succinate on resting heart rate in the denervated heart.</a> Clinical Research in Cardiology. , (2017).</li><li>Ajijola, O. 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I dette manuskript, er den velkendte Langendorff ex vivo hjerte perfusion system præsenteret som et redskab til at undersøge virkningen af intracardiac neuroner på hjerte Elektrofysiologi og arrhythmogenesis ved hjælp af forskellige kortlægning og stimulation teknikker herunder endokardial og epikardielle tilgange.
Flere dele af protokollen er afgørende for opsætningen. For det første er det vigtigt at bruge en forberedelse teknik hvor de atriale fedtpuder forblive intakt elle...

Langendorff ex vivo hjerte perfusion systemet fortsætter med at være et relevant værktøj til at udføre et bredt spektrum af fysiologiske, biokemiske, morfologiske, og farmakologiske undersøgelser i centralt denerveres hjerter1,2 ,3,4,5 siden sin opfindelse i den sent 19th century6. Til dato, dette system er stadig meget udbredt til forskellige emner (fx., iskæmi reperfusion) eller til at undersøge hjertets farmakologiske effekter7,8, og er et grundlæggende redskab i hjerte-kar-forskning. Levetiden for denne metode resultater fra flere fordele (fx., målingerne udføres uden påvirkning af centralnervesystemet eller andre organer, systemisk cirkulation eller cirkulerende hormoner). Hvis det er nødvendigt, kan lægemidler tilføjes på en kontrolleret måde perfusion buffer eller anvendes til specifikke strukturer direkte. Eksperimenter er reproducerbare, og et relativt stort antal eksperimenter kan udføres i en kort periode. Den (delvis) åbne karakter af opsætningen kan gøre temperaturregulering vanskelig og skal tages i betragtning. Selv om ordningen Langendorff bruges også i større arter9, mindre dyr anvendes primært som eksperimentelle opsætningen er mindre kompleks, og en større biologisk variation (fx., Transgene mus modeller) kan bruges.
De intracardiac autonome nervesystem indflydelse på elektrofysiologiske grundparametre, ventrikulær arrhythmogenesis, epikardielle varmeledning og cyklisk adenosin fra (cAMP) dynamics er i eksperimentel opsætning af denne protokol, evalueret. Et stort antal intracardiac ganglier, som fortrinsvis findes i de atriale fedtpuder, og er nu kendt at kontrollere hjerte Elektrofysiologi uafhængigt af central neural kontrol er enten efterladt intakt eller manuelt fjernet med omhyggelig mekanisk dissektion. En farmakologisk graduering af det autonome nervesystem er udført enten globalt ved at tilføje pharmaceuticals perfusion buffer, eller lokalt af målrettede graduering af de atriale ganglier. Efter forsøgene er hjerterne velegnet til en immunohistological vurdering som alle blodlegemer er blevet fjernet på grund af den kontinuerlige perfusion, som kan øge kvaliteten af farvning.
Det overordnede mål med de beskrevne teknikker er at tilbyde nye perspektiver for detaljerede undersøgelser vedrørende virkningen af det autonome nervesystem på hjerte Elektrofysiologi og arrhythmogenesis i mus hjerte. En grund til at bruge denne teknik er, at det er muligt at undersøge og ændre det autonome nervesystem uden virkningen af det centrale nervesystem. En væsentlig fordel er let beskæftigelse af farmakologiske forsøg, i hvilke potentielle pro- eller antiarytmiske egenskaber af gamle og nye agenser kan testes. Derudover er transgene og knockout musemodeller af forskellige hjerte sygdomme til rådighed til at efterforske de mekanismer, der ligger under arytmier, hjertesvigt eller metaboliske sygdomme. Denne tilgang har forbedret vores forståelse af, hvordan det autonome nervesystem på niveauet atrieflimren kan påvirke ventrikulær hjerte Elektrofysiologi og induktion af arytmier.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S3014</td>
			<td>Modified Krebs-Henleit solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium hydrogencarbonate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>401676</td>
			<td>Modified Krebs-Henleit solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P5405</td>
			<td>Modified Krebs-Henleit solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium phosphate monobasic</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P5655</td>
			<td>Modified Krebs-Henleit solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>M1880</td>
			<td>Modified Krebs-Henleit solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Calcium chloride dihydrate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>C7902</td>
			<td>Modified Krebs-Henleit solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glucose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>G5767</td>
			<td>Modified Krebs-Henleit solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium pyruvate bioXtra</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P8574</td>
			<td>Modified Krebs-Henleit solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carbogen (95% O2 / 5% CO2)</td>
			<td colspan="2">SOL-Group, TMG Technische und Medizinische Gas GmbH, Krefeld, Gersthofen, Germany</td>
			<td>Modified Krebs-Henleit solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile filter steritop-GP 0.22</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>SCGPT05RE</td>
			<td>Modified Krebs-Henleit solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Atropine sulfate</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>A0257</td>
			<td>Neuromodulation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hexamethonium chloride</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>H2138</td>
			<td>Neuromodulation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nicotine free base 98-100%</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>N3876</td>
			<td>Neuromodulation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Formalin solution neutral buffered 10%</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>HT501128</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>252859</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Methanol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>34860</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hydrogen peroxide solution 30% (w/w) in H2O</td>
			<td>Merck, KGA, Darmstadt, Germany</td>
			<td>H1009</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dimethyl sulfoxide</td>
			<td>Merck, KGA, Darmstadt, Germany</td>
			<td>D8418</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phosphate-buffered saline tablets</td>
			<td>Gibco / Invitrogen</td>
			<td>18912-014</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Triton-x-100</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>T8787</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Albumin bovine fraction V</td>
			<td>Biomol, Hamburg, Germany</td>
			<td>11924.03</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chicken anti neurofilament</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>AB5539</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rabbit anti tyrosine hydroxylase</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>AB152</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Goat anti choline acetyltransferase</td>
			<td>EMD Millipore</td>
			<td>AP144P</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Donkey &#945; rabbit IgG Alexa 488</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A21206</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Donkey &#945; goat IgG Alexa 568</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>A11057</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Donkey &#945; chicken IgY Alexa 647</td>
			<td>Merck, KGA, Darmstadt, Germany</td>
			<td>AP194SA6</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biotin-conjugated donkey &#945; rabbit igG</td>
			<td>R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td>AP182B</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biotin-conjugated donkey &#945; goat igG</td>
			<td>R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td>AP192P</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biotin-conjugated goat &#945; chicken igY</td>
			<td>R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td>BAD010</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vectashield mounting medium</td>
			<td>Vector laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA</td>
			<td>H-1000</td>
			<td>Immunohistochemistry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vectastain ABC kit</td>
			<td>Vector laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA</td>
			<td>PK-4000</td>
			<td>Immunohistochemistry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Steady DAB/Plus</td>
			<td>Abcam plc, Cambridge, UK</td>
			<td>ab103723</td>
			<td>Whole mount staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HistoClear</td>
			<td>DiaTec, Bamberg, Germany</td>
			<td>HS2002</td>
			<td>Immunohistochemistry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BisBenzimide H33342 trihydrochloride (Hoechst)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA</td>
			<td>B2261</td>
			<td>Immunohistochemistry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vectashield HardSet mounting medium</td>
			<td>Vector laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA</td>
			<td>VEC-H-1400</td>
			<td>Immunohistochemistry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Perfusion system</td>
			<td>HUGO SACHS ELEKTRONIK - HARVARD APPARATUS GmbH, March-Hugstetten, Germany</td>
			<td>&#160;73-4343</td>
			<td>Langendorff apparatus</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Data acquisition system and corresponding software for catheter and physiological parameter</td>
			<td>Powerlab 8/30 &#38; Labchart, ADInstruments, Dunedin, New Zealand</td>
			<td>PL3508 PowerLab 8/35</td>
			<td>Langendorff setup</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Octapolar catheter</td>
			<td>CIB&#8217;ER Mouse, NuMed Inc., Hopkinton, NY, USA</td>
			<td>custom</td>
			<td>Langendorff setup</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stimulus generator</td>
			<td>STG4002, Multi Channel Systems, Reutlingen, Germany</td>
			<td>STG4002-160&#181;A</td>
			<td>Stimulation setup</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stimulation software</td>
			<td>Multi Channel Systems, Reutlingen, Germany</td>
			<td>MC_Stimulus II</td>
			<td>Stimulation setup</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Data acquisition system and corresponding software for epicardial electrograms</td>
			<td>ME128-FAI-MPA-System, Multi Channel Systems, Reutlingen, Germany</td>
			<td>USB-ME128-System</td>
			<td>MEA setup</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Multi-electrode array</td>
			<td>MEA, EcoFlexMEA36, Multi Channel Systems, Reutlingen, Germany</td>
			<td>EcoFlexMEA36</td>
			<td>MEA setup</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Multi-electrode array recording software</td>
			<td>Multi Channel Systems, Reutlingen, Germany</td>
			<td>MC_Rack</td>
			<td>MEA setup</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spring scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany</td>
			<td>15003-08</td>
			<td>Heart Preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Strabismus Scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany</td>
			<td>14575-09</td>
			<td>Heart Preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mayo Scissors</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany</td>
			<td>14110-15</td>
			<td>Heart Preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dumont SS Forceps</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany</td>
			<td>11203-25</td>
			<td>Heart Preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>London Forceps</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany</td>
			<td>11080-02</td>
			<td>Heart Preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Narrow Pattern Forceps</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany</td>
			<td>11003-13</td>
			<td>Heart Preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Plastic Wrap</td>
			<td>Parafilm M, Bemis NA, based in Neenah, WI, United States</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Consumable Materials</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereomicroscope</td>
			<td>Leica M165FC; Leica Microsystems GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>FRET</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LED</td>
			<td>CoolLED, Andover, UK</td>
			<td>pE-100</td>
			<td>FRET</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DualView</td>
			<td>Photometrics, Tucson, AZ, USA</td>
			<td>DV2-SYS</td>
			<td>FRET</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DualView filter set</td>
			<td>Photometrics, Tucson, AZ, USA</td>
			<td>05-EM</td>
			<td>FRET</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>optiMOS scientific CMOS camera</td>
			<td>Qimaging, Surrey, BC, Canada</td>
			<td>01-OPTIMOS-R-M-16-C</td>
			<td>FRET</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Imaging software &#160;</td>
			<td>Micro-Manager; Vale Lab, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>FRET</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Analysis Software</td>
			<td>Image J software; Public Domain, NIH, USA</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>FRET</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

impact of intracardiac neurons on cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis in an ex vivo langendorff system

Siden sin opfindelse i den sent 19th century fortsætter Langendorff ex vivo hjerte perfusion systemet med at være et relevant værktøj til at studere et bredt spektrum af fysiologiske, biokemiske, morfologiske og farmakologiske parametre i centralt denerveres hjerter. Her, beskriver vi en opsætning for graduering af de intracardiac autonome nervesystem og vurdering af dens indflydelse på grundlæggende Elektrofysiologi, arrhythmogenesis og cyklisk adenosin fra (cAMP) dynamics. De intracardiac autonome nervesystem er moduleret af mekaniske dissektion af atrieflimren fedt puder-i hvilken murine ganglier er placeret primært — eller ved brug af globale samt målrettede farmakologiske interventioner. En octapolar elektrofysiologiske kateter føres ind i højre atrium og højre hjertekammer, og epikardielle placeret multi elektrode arrays (MEA) til høj opløsning tilknytning bruges til at bestemme hjertets Elektrofysiologi og arrhythmogenesis. Förster resonans energioverførsel (FRET) imaging udføres for realtidsovervågning af cAMP niveauer i forskellige kardiale regioner. Neuromorphology er undersøgt ved hjælp af antistof-baserede farvning af hele hjerter ved hjælp af neuronal markører til at guide identifikationen og graduering af specifikke mål for de intracardiac autonome nervesystem i de udførte undersøgelser. Ex vivo Langendorff opsætning giver mulighed for et stort antal reproducerbare eksperimenter i en kort tid. Ikke desto mindre, den delvis åben karakter af opsætningen (fx., under MEA målinger) vanskeliggør konstant temperaturkontrol og bør holdes på et minimum. Denne beskrevne metode gør det muligt at analysere og modulere intracardiac autonome nervesystem i decentrale hjerter.

Figur 1 viser et billede af Langendorff opsætning herunder 2 multi elektrode arrays (MMA). Før forsøget, er intracardiac kateteret placeret tæt på kanyle til at lette en hurtig og nem indsættelse i højre atrium/højre ventrikel og sikre en kort periode, indtil ækvilibrering kan begynde. Den nederste del af salen kan være forhøjet (Se pile i figur 1) således at mødesalen er helt lukket, og sikrer en stabil temperatur.<...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Impact of Intracardiac Neurons on Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmogenesis in an Ex Vivo Langendorff System at JoVE.com

Impact of Intracardiac Neurons on Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmogenesis in an Ex Vivo Langendorff System

Vi præsenterer her, en protokol for graduering af de intracardiac autonome nervesystem og vurdering af dens indflydelse på grundlæggende Elektrofysiologi, arrhythmogenesis og cAMP dynamics ved hjælp af en ex vivo Langendorff opsætning.

Virkningen af Intracardiac neuroner på hjerte Elektrofysiologi og Arrhythmogenesis i en Ex Vivo Langendorff System

Since its invention in the late 19th century, the Langendorff ex vivo heart perfusion system continues to be a relevant tool for studying a broad spectrum ...

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Medicine

Impact of Intracardiac Neurons on Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmogenesis in an Ex Vivo Langendorff System

An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System

One of the most commonly reported injuries in children who participate in sports is concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)1. Children and youth ...

Remote Magnetic Navigation for Accurate, Real-time Catheter Positioning and Ablation in Cardiac Electrophysiology Procedures

Fjernbetjening Magnetic Navigation til præcis, Real-time Kateter Positionering og ablation i Cardiac Elektrofysiologi Procedures

New remote navigation systems have been developed to improve current limitations of conventional manually guided catheter ablation in complex cardiac ...

Direct Pressure Monitoring Accurately Predicts Pulmonary Vein Occlusion During Cryoballoon Ablation

Direkte trykmålekomponenter nøjagtigt Forudsiger lungevene okklusion under Cryoballoon Ablation

Cryoballoon  ablation (CBA) is an established therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF).  Pulmonary vein (PV) occlusion is essential for achieving antral ...

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice

En metode til at undersøge virkningen af ​​Kemisk induceret ovariesvigt på arbejdskapacitet og Cardiac Tilpasning i mus

The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) increases in post-menopausal women, yet, the role of exercise, as a preventative measure for CVD risk in ...

An Ex vivo Model to Study Hormone Action in the Human Breast

An Ex vivo Model to Study Hormone Action in the Human Breast

En<em&gt; Ex vivo</em&gt; Model til Uddannelse hormonvirkning i Human Breast

The study of hormone action in the human breast has been hampered by lack of adequate model systems. Upon in vitro culture, primary mammary epithelial ...

Induction and Assessment of Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Langendorff-perfused Rat Hearts

Induktion og vurdering af iskæmi-reperfusion skade i Langendorff-perfusionerede rottehjerter

The biochemical events surrounding ischemia reperfusion injury in the acute setting are of great importance to furthering novel treatment options for ...

Depletion of Mouse Cells from Human Tumor Xenografts Significantly Improves Downstream Analysis of Target Cells

Udtømning af Mouse Celler fra Humane tumorxenoplantater Markant Forbedrer Downstream Analyse af Target Cells

The use of in vitro cell line models for cancer research has been a useful tool. However, it has been shown that these models fail to reliably mimic ...

Breast Milk Enhances Growth of Enteroids: An Ex Vivo Model of Cell Proliferation

Breast Milk Enhances Growth of Enteroids: An Ex Vivo Model of Cell Proliferation

Modermælk øger væksten af Enteroids: en Ex Vivo Model af celledelingen

Human small intestinal enteroids are derived from the crypts and when grown in a stem cell niche contain all of the epithelial cell types. The ability to ...

Normothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism

Normothermic Ex Situ hjerte Perfusion i arbejde Mode: vurdering af hjertets funktion og stofskifte

The current standard method for organ preservation (cold storage, CS), exposes the heart to a period of cold ischemia that limits the safe preservation ...

An Ex Vivo Tissue Culture Model for Fibrovascular Complications in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

En Ex Vivo vævskultur Model for Fibrovascular komplikationer i proliferativ diabetisk retinopati

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and one of the leading causes of blindness in working-age adults. No ...