Name: a protocol to acquire the degenerative tenocyte from humans
Uploaded: 2018-06-09T14:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Protocol to Acquire the Degenerative Tenocyte from Humans at JoVE.com

Denne forskning blev støttet af en bevilling fra Korea sundhed Technology R & D projekt gennem Korea sundhed industri udvikling Institute (KHIDI), som blev finansieret af Ministeriet for sundhed og velfærd, Republikken Korea (giver nummer: HI16C1559).

Protokollen blev gennemført i overensstemmelse med Helsinki-erklæringen og i protokollen blev godkendt af det institutionelle Review Board på CHA Bundang Medical Center.
1. degenerative senen væv høst fra patienten
<ol><li>Diagnosticere lateral epicondylitis ved at tage en sygehistorie og bruge fysisk eksamen Fund: ømhed over tendinous oprindelse tæt på den laterale epicondyle; smerter fremkaldt af modstod udvidelse af håndleddet fælles.</li>
	<li>Brug de følgende inklusionskriter...

<ol>
	<li>Ackermann, P. W., Renstrom, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tendinopathy+in+sport.">Tendinopathy in sport.</a> Sports Health. 4 (3), 193-201 (2012).</li><li>Maffulli, N., Wong, J., Almekinders, L. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Types+and+epidemiology+of+tendinopathy.">Types and epidemiology of tendinopathy.</a> Clinical Sports Medicine. 22 (4), 675-692 (2003).</li><li>Lui, P. P., Chan, L. S., Fu, S. C., Chan, K. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+sensory+neuropeptides+in+tendon+is+associated+with+failed+healing+and+activity-related+tendon+pain+in+collagenase-induced+tendon+injury.">Expression of sensory neuropeptides in tendon is associated with failed healing and activity-related tendon pain in collagenase-induced tendon injury.</a> American Journal of Sports Medicine. 38 (4), 757-764 (2010).</li><li>Han, S. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+corticosteroid+on+the+expressions+of+neuropeptide+and+cytokine+mRNA+and+on+tenocyte+viability+in+lateral+epicondylitis.">Effects of corticosteroid on the expressions of neuropeptide and cytokine mRNA and on tenocyte viability in lateral epicondylitis.</a> Journal of Inflammation (London). 9 (1), 40 (2012).</li><li>Uchio, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+neuropeptides+and+cytokines+at+the+extensor+carpi+radialis+brevis+muscle+origin.">Expression of neuropeptides and cytokines at the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle origin.</a> Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 11 (6), 570-575 (2002).</li><li>Lieber, R. L., Loren, G. J., Friden, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+measurement+of+human+wrist+extensor+muscle+sarcomere+length+changes.">In vivo measurement of human wrist extensor muscle sarcomere length changes.</a> Journal of Neurophysiology. 71 (3), 874-881 (1994).</li><li>Regan, W., Wold, L. E., Coonrad, R., Morrey, B. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microscopic+histopathology+of+chronic+refractory+lateral+epicondylitis.">Microscopic histopathology of chronic refractory lateral epicondylitis.</a> American Journal of Sports Medicine. 20 (6), 746-749 (1992).</li><li>Sharma, P., Maffulli, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tendon+injury+and+tendinopathy:+healing+and+repair.">Tendon injury and tendinopathy: healing and repair.</a> Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery American volume. 87 (1), 187-202 (2005).</li><li>Lui, P. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stem+cell+technology+for+tendon+regeneration:+current+status,+challenges,+and+future+research+directions.">Stem cell technology for tendon regeneration: current status, challenges, and future research directions.</a> Stem Cells Cloning. 8, 163-174 (2015).</li><li>Dahlgren, L. A., van der Meulen, M. C., Bertram, J. E., Starrak, G. S., Nixon, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Insulin-like+growth+factor-I+improves+cellular+and+molecular+aspects+of+healing+in+a+collagenase-induced+model+of+flexor+tendinitis.">Insulin-like growth factor-I improves cellular and molecular aspects of healing in a collagenase-induced model of flexor tendinitis.</a> Journal of Orthopedic Research. 20 (5), 910-919 (2002).</li><li>Schnabel, L. V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mesenchymal+stem+cells+and+insulin-like+growth+factor-I+gene-enhanced+mesenchymal+stem+cells+improve+structural+aspects+of+healing+in+equine+flexor+digitorum+superficialis+tendons.">Mesenchymal stem cells and insulin-like growth factor-I gene-enhanced mesenchymal stem cells improve structural aspects of healing in equine flexor digitorum superficialis tendons.</a> Journal of Orthopedic Research. 27 (10), 1392-1398 (2009).</li><li>Durgam, S. S., Stewart, A. A., Sivaguru, M., Wagoner Johnson, A. J., Stewart, M. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tendon-derived+progenitor+cells+improve+healing+of+collagenase-induced+flexor+tendinitis.">Tendon-derived progenitor cells improve healing of collagenase-induced flexor tendinitis.</a> Journal of Orthopedic Research. 34 (12), 2162-2171 (2016).</li><li>Titan, A., Andarawis-Puri, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tendinopathy:+Investigating+the+Intersection+of+Clinical+and+Animal+Research+to+Identify+Progress+and+Hurdles+in+the+Field.">Tendinopathy: Investigating the Intersection of Clinical and Animal Research to Identify Progress and Hurdles in the Field.</a> Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Review. 4 (10), (2016).</li><li>Dirks, R. C., Warden, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Models+for+the+study+of+tendinopathy.">Models for the study of tendinopathy.</a> Journal of Musculoskeletal Neuronal Interaction. 11 (2), 141-149 (2011).</li><li>de Mos, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Can+platelet-rich+plasma+enhance+tendon+repair?+A+cell+culture+study.">Can platelet-rich plasma enhance tendon repair? A cell culture study.</a> American Journal of Sports Medicine. 36 (6), 1171-1178 (2008).</li><li>Scherb, M. B., Han, S. H., Courneya, J. P., Guyton, G. P., Schon, L. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+bupivacaine+on+cultured+tenocytes.">Effect of bupivacaine on cultured tenocytes.</a> Orthopedics. 32 (1), 26 (2009).</li><li>Wong, M. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+dexamethasone+on+cultured+human+tenocytes+and+its+reversibility+by+platelet-derived+growth+factor.">Effect of dexamethasone on cultured human tenocytes and its reversibility by platelet-derived growth factor.</a> Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery American Volume. 85 (10), 1914-1920 (2003).</li><li>Tempfer, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+crystalline+glucocorticoid+triamcinolone+acetonide+on+cultered+human+supraspinatus+tendon+cells.">Effects of crystalline glucocorticoid triamcinolone acetonide on cultered human supraspinatus tendon cells.</a> Acta Orthopaedics. 80 (3), 357-362 (2009).</li><li>Menon, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=New+insights+in+extracellular+matrix+remodeling+and+collagen+turnover+related+pathways+in+cultured+human+tenocytes+after+ciprofloxacin+administration.">New insights in extracellular matrix remodeling and collagen turnover related pathways in cultured human tenocytes after ciprofloxacin administration.</a> Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 3 (3), 122-131 (2013).</li><li>Backman, L. J., Fong, G., Andersson, G., Scott, A., Danielson, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Substance+P+is+a+mechanoresponsive,+autocrine+regulator+of+human+tenocyte+proliferation.">Substance P is a mechanoresponsive, autocrine regulator of human tenocyte proliferation.</a> PLoS One. 6 (11), 27209 (2011).</li><li>Backman, L. J., Eriksson, D. E., Danielson, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Substance+P+reduces+TNF-alpha-induced+apoptosis+in+human+tenocytes+through+NK-1+receptor+stimulation.">Substance P reduces TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in human tenocytes through NK-1 receptor stimulation.</a> Britich Journal of Sports Medicine. 48 (19), 1414-1420 (2014).</li><li>Rolf, C. G., Fu, B. S., Pau, A., Wang, W., Chan, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Increased+cell+proliferation+and+associated+expression+of+PDGFRbeta+causing+hypercellularity+in+patellar+tendinosis.">Increased cell proliferation and associated expression of PDGFRbeta causing hypercellularity in patellar tendinosis.</a> Rheumatology (Oxford). 40 (3), 256-261 (2001).</li><li>Hoppe, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tenocytes+of+chronic+rotator+cuff+tendon+tears+can+be+stimulated+by+platelet-released+growth+factors.">Tenocytes of chronic rotator cuff tendon tears can be stimulated by platelet-released growth factors.</a> Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 22 (3), 340-349 (2013).</li><li>Schipper, O. N., Dunn, J. H., Ochiai, D. H., Donovan, J. S., Nirschl, R. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nirschl+surgical+technique+for+concomitant+lateral+and+medial+elbow+tendinosis:+a+retrospective+review+of+53+elbows+with+a+mean+follow-up+of+11.7+years.">Nirschl surgical technique for concomitant lateral and medial elbow tendinosis: a retrospective review of 53 elbows with a mean follow-up of 11.7 years.</a> American Journal of Sports Medicine. 39 (5), 972-976 (2011).</li><li>Cook, J. L., Feller, J. A., Bonar, S. F., Khan, K. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Abnormal+tenocyte+morphology+is+more+prevalent+than+collagen+disruption+in+asymptomatic+athletes'+patellar+tendons.">Abnormal tenocyte morphology is more prevalent than collagen disruption in asymptomatic athletes' patellar tendons.</a> Journal of Orthopedic Research. 22 (2), 334-338 (2004).</li><li>Yuan, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Creating+an+Animal+Model+of+Tendinopathy+by+Inducing+Chondrogenic+Differentiation+with+Kartogenin.">Creating an Animal Model of Tendinopathy by Inducing Chondrogenic Differentiation with Kartogenin.</a> PLoS One. 11 (2), 0148557 (2016).</li><li>Lui, P. P., Maffulli, N., Rolf, C., Smith, R. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=What+are+the+validated+animal+models+for+tendinopathy.">What are the validated animal models for tendinopathy.</a> Scandinavian Journal of Medical Scientific Sports. 21 (1), 3-17 (2011).</li><li>Wilhelm, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Lateral+epicondylitis+review+and+current+concepts.">Lateral epicondylitis review and current concepts.</a> Journal of Hand Surgery American Volume. 34 (7), 1359-1360 (2009).</li></ol>

En række tidligere undersøgelser har rapporteret Sådan oprettes kronisk tendinopathic dyremodeller ved hjælp af forskellige procedurer såsom collagenase eller kartogenin injektion, løbebånd kører og flere26,27. Selv om talrige undersøgelser viste lovende terapeutiske virkninger baseret på disse dyremodeller, ville eksperimenter ved hjælp af den menneskelige degenerative tenocyte være afgørende inden for tendinopati for at reproducere effekten af beha...

Tendinopati er en kroniske degenerative bevægeapparatet tilstand, der udvikler sig i forskellige dele af kroppen. For nylig, antallet af tilfælde af tendinopati er steget stærkt i den udviklede verden på grund af voksende deltagelse i fritidssport og levealder1,2. Årsagen til tendinopati anses for at være multifaktoriel og disse årsager omfatter iskæmi, ilt frie radikaler skader, en ubalance mellem vasokonstriktor og vasodilatator innervations, interne mikro-tårer og ændringer til neuro-forordning3 ,4,5,6,7,8. De fleste behandlinger for tendinopati kun lindre dens symptomer. Desuden behandlinger uden vævsregeneration kræver lang tid for rehabilitering og opnå et begrænset svar fra skadet sener, der pålægger en klinisk udfordring for læger9.
Inkompetence af nuværende behandlingsmuligheder sammen med manglen degenerative senen evne til at self-heal har ledende forskere at tage interesse i at udforske alternativ behandling strategier. For nylig nye undersøgelser rapporteret mange lovende resultater for at øge den helbredende virkning af tendinopati sener ved hjælp af vækstfaktorer, stamceller baseret terapi og gen terapi10,11,12.
Gennem en litteraturgennemgang, fandt vi, at de involverede undersøgelser kan opdeles i to kategorier baseret på deres analyse materialer: dyre modeller som en rotte, en mus eller en kanin; og human modeller. Med hensyn til dyremodel, i øjeblikket er der to populære teknikker til at generere tendinopati: kemiske induktion af skade eller mekaniske overbelastning modellen. Men hver dyremodel blev begrænset i at gengive den komplekse menneskelige tendinopati patologi13,14.
De fleste papirer ved hjælp af menneskelige prøver blev analyseret histologisk eller udført af in vitro- eksperiment baseret på en sund menneskelige tenocyte i stedet for en degenerative tenocyte15,16,17,18 , 19 , 20 , 21. kun et par aviser rapporterede at de brugte en menneskelig degenerative tenocyte, men de ikke beskriver i detaljer den protokol, der bruges til at få den degenerative tenocyte fra menneskelige22,23. I denne forbindelse skal det bemærkes, at succesfulde resultater fra enten den dyre model eller den sunde væv/tenocyte nødvendigvis ikke kan forudsige menneskers effektivitet eller virkningsfuldt dosering fordi senen degeneration er en kompliceret proces og patogenesen er stadig ikke fuldt forstået.
Kollektivt, er det nødvendigt at beskrive standardprotokol for at opnå den degenerative tenocyte fra humant væv uden at forårsage bivirkninger donor. I denne artikel beskrives en protokol om, hvordan til at erhverve den menneskelige degenerative tenocyte. For at godkende protokollen, blev høstede væv analyseret histologisk. Derefter blev cellen kulturperler bekræftet som den degenerative tenocyte ved hjælp af immuncytokemi (ICC), en kvantitativ realtid-polymerase kædereaktion (qRT-PCR) og en levedygtighed assay.

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	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">Scalpel</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Kisanbio</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">KS-Q0306-15</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">No. 15</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">Mini-blade</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Beaver</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">374769</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:235px;">Dulbecco&#39;s modified Eagle&#39;s medium (DMEM)</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">11995065</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">Collagenase &#8545;</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">C6885</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">PBS</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">14190250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">fetal bovine serum (FBS)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">16000044</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">50 mM ascorbic acid-2-phosphate</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">A5960</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">15240062</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">4% formaldehyde</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Bio-solution</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">BP031</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">Triton X-100&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">X100-100ml</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">BSA</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Rdtech</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">C0082</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">TWEEN 20</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">P9416-100ml</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">MKX (C-5)</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Santa cruz biotechnology</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">sc-515878</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">Tenomodulin (N-14)</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Santa cruz biotechnology</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">sc-49325</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">Fluorescence Mounting Medium</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">DAKO</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">S3023</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:235px;">DAPI (4&#39;,6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole, Dihydrochloride)</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">D1306</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="46">
			<td height="46" style="height:46px;width:235px;">WST-1</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Dojindo Molecular Technologies</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">CK04</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">BrdU Cell Proliferation Assay Kit</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Cell Signaling Technology</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">#6813</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:235px;">TRIzol Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">15596018</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:235px;">iScript cDNA Synthesis Kit&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Bio-Rad</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">170-8891</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:235px;">TaqMan Gene Expression Master Mix</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Applied Biosystems</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">4369016</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">GAPDH</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Hs02786624_g1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">COL3A1</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Hs00943809_m1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">ACTA2</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Hs00426835_g1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">TAC1</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Hs00243225_m1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:235px;">TACR1</td>
			<td style="width:199px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
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a protocol to acquire the degenerative tenocyte from humans

Tendinopati, en smertefuld tilstand, som udvikler sig i reaktion på senen degeneration, er på fremmarch i den udviklede verden på grund af øget fysisk aktivitet og længere levetid. Trods dens stigende udbredelse, underliggende patogenesen er stadig uklare, og behandling er generelt symptomatisk. For nylig, mange terapeutiske muligheder, herunder vækstfaktorer, stamceller og genterapi, blev undersøgt i håb om at øge den helbredende styrken af degenerative senen. Men fleste af disse undersøgelser blev gennemført kun på dyremodeller eller sunde menneskelige tenocytes. Trods nogle undersøgelser ved hjælp af patologiske tenocytes, til bedste af vores viden er der i øjeblikket ingen protokol, der beskriver, hvordan du anskaffer menneskelige degenerative tenocytes. Formålet med denne undersøgelse er at beskrive en standardprotokol for at opnå menneskelige degenerative tenocytes. I første omgang, blev senen væv høstet fra en patient med lateral epicondylitis under kirurgi. Derefter blev biopsi prøverne taget fra den extensor carpi radialis brevis senen svarende til strukturelle ændringer observeret på tidspunktet for kirurgi. Alle de høstede sener viste sig at være kedelig, grå, smuldrende, og edematous, som gjorde dem visuelt adskilt fra de sundhedstegn. Tenocytes var kulturperler og anvendes til forsøg. I mellemtiden, halvdelen af de høstede væv blev analyseret Histologisk, og det var vist, at de delte de samme nøglen egenskaber i tendinopati (angiofibroblastic dysplasi eller hyperplasi). En sekundær analyse af immuncytokemi bekræftet, at de dyrkede celler var tenocytes med hovedparten af cellerne at have positive pletter for mohawk og tenomodulin proteiner. Kvaliteter af degenerative karakteren af tenocytes blev derefter fastsat ved at sammenligne cellerne med raske kontrol ved hjælp af en spredning assay eller qRT-PCR. De degenerative tenocyte vises en spredning sats og lignende gen expression mønstre af tendinopati, der matchede tidligere betænkninger. Samlet set kan denne nye protokol giver et nyttigt redskab for fremtidige studier af tendinopati.

Histologiske analyser viste, at de høstede væv fra lateral epicondylitis havde Karakteristik af en tendinopathic senen. H & E afsnit af tendinopati degenerative senen afslørede en uorganiseret kollagen bundter med tab af polaritet og fine lige, stærkt pakket parallelle fiber strukturer. Histologiske tegn tyder på degeneration såsom højere celleforandringer og udvidede kerner uden figuren typisk spindel var fælles i prøver. Derudover kollagen bundter af degenererede senen var rela...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Protocol to Acquire the Degenerative Tenocyte from Humans at JoVE.com

A Protocol to Acquire the Degenerative Tenocyte from Humans

In vitro- brug af degenerative tenocytes er væsentlige, når undersøger effekten af roman behandling på tendinopati. Men de fleste undersøgelser bruger kun dyremodel eller en sund tenocyte. Vi foreslår følgende protokol for at isolere menneskelige degenerative tenocytes under kirurgi.

En protokol til at erhverve den Degenerative Tenocyte fra mennesker

Tendinopathy, a painful condition that develops in response to tendon degeneration, is on the rise in the developed world due to increasing physical ...

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