Name: suppression of pro-fibrotic signaling potentiates factor-mediated reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes
Uploaded: 2018-06-03T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Suppression of Pro-fibrotic Signaling Potentiates Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts into Induced Cardiomyocytes at JoVE.com

Diese Forschung wurde mit Mitteln der Boettcher Stiftung Webb Waring Biomedical Research Program, American Heart Association Wissenschaftler Development Grant (13SDG17400031), Universität von Kolorado Abteilung von Medizin herausragende Karriere unterstützt. Scholar Program, University of Colorado Division of Cardiology Barlow Nyle Endowment und NIH R01HL133230 (zu K.S). A.S.R wurde von NIH/NCATS Colorado CTSA Grant Nummer TL1TR001081 und Pre-Promotionsstipendium von der University of Colorado-Konsortium für Forschung der Fibrose und Übersetzung (CFReT) unterstützt. Diese Forschung wurde auch von der Cancer Center Support Grant (P30CA046934), die Haut Krankheiten Kerne Forschungsstipendium (P30AR057212) und der Flow Cytometry Kern an der University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus unterstützt.

Alle Experimente erfordern Tiere wurden von den institutionellen Animal Care und Use Committee an der UC Denver Anschutz Medical Campus genehmigt.
1. Isolierung der MEFs
<ol><li>Kaufen Sie Schwangere Mäusen C57BL/6 in E13. Schiff über Nacht.</li>
	<li>Einschläfern die Mutter nach genehmigten IACUC Protokolle (ex: ~1.3 L/min CO2 bis Tier tot erscheint gefolgt von zervikale Dislokation)</li>
	<li>Sprühen Sie die Mutter mit 70 % Ethanol und öffnen Sie Bauchhöhle zu. Entfernen d...

<ol>
	<li>Benjamin, E. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Heart+Disease+and+Stroke+Statistics-2017+Update:+A+Report+From+the+American+Heart+Association.">Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.</a> Circulation. 136 (20), (2017).</li><li>Laflamme, M. A., Murry, C. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regenerating+the+heart.">Regenerating the heart.</a> Nat. Biotechnol. 23 (7), 845-856 (2005).</li><li>Mercola, M., Ruiz-Lozano, P., Schneider, M. 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Die vorliegende Studie beschreibt eine hocheffiziente Strategie zur Fibroblasten in funktionale iCMs über Lieferung von GHMT2m Umprogrammierung Faktoren kombiniert mit Unterdrückung der Pro-fibrotische Signalwege direkt neu zu programmieren. Mit Durchflusszytometrie, immunofluorescent Bildgebung, Kalzium imaging und schlagen Zellzahlen, wir zeigen die meisten Zellen in diesem Protokoll erfolgreiche Reprogrammierung zu unterziehen und CM Abstammung Schicksal anzunehmen. Wir haben bereits gezeigt, dass der Zusatz von Ant...

Ischämischer Herzkrankheit ist eine führende Ursache des Todes in den Vereinigten Staaten1. Ca. 800.000 Amerikaner Erfahrung eine erste oder wiederholte Myokardinfarkt (MI) pro Jahr1. Nach MI beeinträchtigen der Tod von Herzmuskelzellen (CMs) und kardialer Fibrose, hinterlegt von aktivierten kardialen Fibroblasten, Herz-Funktion2,3. Fortschreiten der Herzinsuffizienz nach MI ist weitgehend irreversibel durch die schlechte Regenerationsfähigkeit des Erwachsenen CMs4,5. Während die aktuellen klinischen Therapien Fortschreiten der Erkrankung zu verlangsamen und verringern Risiko für zukünftige kardiale Ereignisse6,7,8,9, umkehren keine Therapien Fortschreiten der Erkrankung aufgrund der Unfähigkeit CMs-Post-Infarkt-10zu regenerieren. Neuartiger Therapien zur Behandlung von Patienten nach MI. enttäuschend entstehen, klinische Studien liefern Stammzellen ins Herz nach MI so weit haben gezeigt, nicht schlüssig regenerative potenzielle11,12, 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18.
Die Generation der Menschen abgeleitet induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen (HiPSCs) von Fibroblasten durch Überexpression von vier Transkriptionsfaktoren, erstmals nachgewiesen von Takahashi & Yamanaka, öffnete die Tür zu neuen Durchbrüchen in Zelle Therapie19. Diese Zellen können in alle drei mikrobeschichten19, und mehrere hoch effiziente Methoden zur Generierung zahlreicher CMs haben bisher gezeigt,20,21. HiPSC abgeleitet CMs (Hüften-CMs) bietet eine leistungsstarke Plattform, um Cardiomyogenesis zu studieren und eventuell wichtige Implikationen für die Reparatur von Herzen nach Verletzung. Jedoch kann Hüften-CMs derzeit translationale Hürden aufgrund von Bedenken der Teratom Bildung22, und ihre unreife Natur Pro-Arrhythmogenic23. Reprogrammierung von Fibroblasten in HiPSCs löste Interesse an direkt Umprogrammierung Fibroblasten in andere Zelltypen. Ieda Et Al. zeigten, dass Überexpression des GATA4, Mef2c und Tbx5 (GMT) in Fibroblasten führt direkte Reprogrammierung zu kardialen Abstammung, wenn auch mit geringer Effizienz24. Umprogrammierung der Effizienz wurde mit dem Zusatz von Hand2 (GHMT)25verbessert. Seit diesen frühen Studien haben viele Publikationen gezeigt, dass Veränderung des Neuprogrammierung Faktor-Cocktails mit zusätzlichen Transkription26,27,28,29 Faktoren, Chromatin Modifikatoren30,31, Micro-RNAs32,33oder kleine Moleküle, die34 zu verbesserten führt Umprogrammierung Effizienz und/oder Reifung der induzierten Cardiomyocyte-ähnlichen Zellen (iCMs ).
Hier bieten wir Ihnen ein detailliertes Protokoll um iCMs aus Maus embryonalen Fibroblasten (MEFs) mit hohem Wirkungsgrad zu erzeugen. Wir zeigte zuvor, dass die GHMT cocktail mit dem Zusatz von MiR-1 und MiR-133 (GHMT2m) deutlich verbessert wird und wird weiter verbessert, wenn Pro-fibrotische Signalwege einschließlich Umwandlung Wachstumsfaktor β (TGF-β) Signalisierung oder Rho-assoziierten Protein-Kinase (ROCK) Signalwege sind gehemmt35. Anhand dieses Protokolls zeigen wir, dass etwa 60 % der Zellen kardiale Troponin T (cTnT Express), ca. 50 % α-Actinin Express und eine hohe Anzahl von Schlägen Zellen so früh wie Tag 11 nach Transduktion beobachtet werden der Neuprogrammierung Faktoren und Behandlung mit der TGF-β Typ I Rezeptor Hemmer A-83-01. Darüber hinaus diese iCMs express Gap Junction Proteinen einschließlich Connexin 43 und spontane Kontraktion und Kalzium Transienten. Diese deutliche Verbesserung der Effizienz im Vergleich zu früheren Studien Umprogrammierung zeigt das Potenzial, CMs von endogenen Zellpopulationen zu regenerieren, die in der Post-Herzinfarkt bleiben.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1326">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">C57BL/6 Mice</td>
			<td style="width:197px;">Charles River&#39;s Laboratory</td>
			<td style="width:111px;">027</td>
			<td style="width:667px;">For MEF isolation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Platinum E (PE) Cells</td>
			<td>Cell Biolabs, INC</td>
			<td>RV-101</td>
			<td>For retrovirus production</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DMEM High Glucose</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>SH30022.FS</td>
			<td>Component of iCM, PE, and Growth media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Medium 199</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11150-059</td>
			<td>Component of iCM media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Fetal Bovine Serum</td>
			<td>Gemini</td>
			<td>100106</td>
			<td>Component of iCM, PE, and Growth media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Donor Horse Serum</td>
			<td>Gemini</td>
			<td>100508 500</td>
			<td>Component of iCM media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">MEM Essential Amino Acids, 50X</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11130051</td>
			<td>Component of iCM media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">Sodium Pyruvate Solution, 100X</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11360070</td>
			<td>Component of iCM media and for calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">MEM Non-Essential Amino Acids, 100X</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11140050</td>
			<td>Component of iCM media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">MEM Vitamin Solution, 100X</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>11120-052</td>
			<td>Component of iCM media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>41400045</td>
			<td>Component of iCM media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">B27</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>17504-044</td>
			<td>Component of iCM media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">Penicilin-Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>15140-122</td>
			<td>Component of iCM, PE, and Growth media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">GlutaMAX (L-Glutamine Supplement)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>35050-061</td>
			<td>Component of iCM, PE, and Growth media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Blasticidin-HCl</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>A11139-03</td>
			<td>Component of PE media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">Puromycin dihydrochloride</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>A11138-03</td>
			<td>Component of PE media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">0.25% Trypsin/EDTA</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>25200-056</td>
			<td>For detaching cells from culture dishes</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">A-83-01</td>
			<td>R&#38;D Systems - Tocris</td>
			<td>2939/10</td>
			<td>Treat cells to inhibit TGF-&#946; signaling - promotes high efficiecy reprogramming. Use at 0.5 &#181;M</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DMSO</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>85190</td>
			<td>For dilution and storage of A-83-01 and component of Freeze Medium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">SureCoat</td>
			<td>Cellutron</td>
			<td>SC-9035</td>
			<td>For coating dishes to plate MEFs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">FuGENE 6 Transfection Reagent</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>E2692</td>
			<td>Transfection Reagent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Opti-MEM Reduced Serum Media</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>11058-021</td>
			<td>Transfection Reagent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pBabe-X Myc-GATA4</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plasmid containing reprogramming factor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pBabe-X Myc-Hand2</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plasmid containing reprogramming factor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pBabe-X Myc-Mef2c</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plasmid containing reprogramming factor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pBabe-X Myc-Tbx5</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plasmid containing reprogramming factor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pBabe-X miR-1</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plasmid containing reprogramming factor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pBabe-X miR-133</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plasmid containing reprogramming factor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">pBabe-X GFP</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Plasmid containing reprogramming factor</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Polybrene (Hexadimethrine bromide)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>H9268-5G</td>
			<td>For viral induction. Use at a concentration of 6 &#181;g/mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">Vacuum Filter + bottles (0.22 &#181;m pores)</td>
			<td>Nalgene</td>
			<td>&#160;569-0020&#160;</td>
			<td>For filtering media</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Syringes</td>
			<td>Bd Vacutainer Labware&#160;</td>
			<td>309654</td>
			<td>For viral filtration</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">0.45 &#181;m Filters</td>
			<td>Celltreat</td>
			<td>229749</td>
			<td>For viral filtration</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">70 &#181;m cell strainers</td>
			<td>Falcon&#160;</td>
			<td>352350</td>
			<td>For MEF isolation and Flow Cytometry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:352px;">Cytofix/Cytoperm Solution</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>554722</td>
			<td>For fixation and permeabilization of cells for flow cytometry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">perm/wash buffer&#160;</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>554723</td>
			<td>For washing cells for flow cytometry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">DPBS 1X</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>14190-250</td>
			<td>For washing cells</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Bovine Serum Albumin</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>0332-100g</td>
			<td>For flow cytometry and calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Goat Serum</td>
			<td>Sigma&#160;</td>
			<td>G9023</td>
			<td>For blocking cells for Flow Cytometry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Donkey Serum</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>D9663-10mg</td>
			<td>For blocking cells for Flow Cytometry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Mouse Troponin T</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>ms-295-p</td>
			<td>1:400 IF, 1:200 Flow Cytometry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Mouse &#945;-actinin</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>A7811L</td>
			<td>1:400 IF, 1:200 Flow Cytometry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Rabbit Connexin 43</td>
			<td>Sigma&#160;</td>
			<td>C6219</td>
			<td>1:400 IF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Rabbit Troponin I</td>
			<td>PhosphoSolutions</td>
			<td>2010-TNI</td>
			<td>1:400 IF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Hoechst</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>62249</td>
			<td>1:10000 IF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Alexa 488, rabbit</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>A-11034</td>
			<td>1:800 IF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Alexa 555, mouse</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>A-21422</td>
			<td>1:800 IF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Alexa 647, mouse</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>A-31571</td>
			<td>1:200 Flow Cytometry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">27-color ZE5 Flow Cytometer&#160;</td>
			<td>Bio-RAD</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For FACS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Paraformaldehyde</td>
			<td>sigma</td>
			<td>P6148-500mg</td>
			<td>For fixing cells for IF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Triton X-100</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>H5142</td>
			<td>For permeabilization of cells for IF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">EVOS&#8482; FL Color Imaging System</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>AMEFC4300</td>
			<td>For IF</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">NaCl</td>
			<td>RPI</td>
			<td>S23020-5000</td>
			<td>For calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">KCl</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>395</td>
			<td>For calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="26">
			<td height="26" style="height:26px;">CaCl2</td>
			<td>Fisher</td>
			<td>C614-500</td>
			<td>For calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="26">
			<td height="26" style="height:26px;">MgCl2</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>97061-352</td>
			<td>For calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">glucose</td>
			<td>sigma</td>
			<td>G7528-250g</td>
			<td>For calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">HEPES</td>
			<td>sigma</td>
			<td>H4034-500g</td>
			<td>For calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Fura-2 AM</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>F1221</td>
			<td>For calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Fluronic F-127</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P2443-250g</td>
			<td>For calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Nifedipine</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>N7634-1G</td>
			<td>For disruption calcium transients in iCMs - use at 10 &#181;M</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Isoproterenol</td>
			<td>sigma</td>
			<td>I6504-1g</td>
			<td>For increasing number of calcium transients in iCMs - use at 1-2 &#181;M</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Marianas Spinning Disk Confocal microscope</td>
			<td>3i</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For calcium imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">ethanol</td>
			<td>Decon Laboratories</td>
			<td>2801</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">bleach</td>
			<td>Clorox</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">50 mL conical tubes</td>
			<td>GREINER BIO-ONE</td>
			<td>227261</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">15 mL conical tubes</td>
			<td>GREINER BIO-ONE</td>
			<td>188271</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">15 cm cell culture dishes</td>
			<td>Falcon</td>
			<td>353025</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">10 cm cell culture dishes</td>
			<td>Falcon</td>
			<td>353003</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">60 mm cell culture dishes</td>
			<td>GREINER BIO-ONE</td>
			<td>628160</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">6 well cell culture plates</td>
			<td>GREINER BIO-ONE</td>
			<td>657160&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">12 well cell culture plates</td>
			<td>GREINER BIO-ONE</td>
			<td>665180&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">24 well cell culture plates</td>
			<td>GREINER BIO-ONE</td>
			<td>662160&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

suppression of pro-fibrotic signaling potentiates factor-mediated reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes

Trans-Differenzierung des Typs einer somatischen Zelle in eine andere hat ein enormes Potenzial zur Modellierung und menschliche Krankheiten zu behandeln. Frühere Studien haben gezeigt, dass Maus embryonalen, dermale und kardialen Fibroblasten können in funktionale induziert-Cardiomyocyte-ähnlichen Zellen (iCMs) umprogrammiert werden durch Überexpression von kardiogener Transkriptionsfaktoren einschließlich Hand2, GATA4, Mef2c, und Tbx5 in Vitro und in Vivo. Diese früheren Studien haben jedoch relativ geringen Effizienz gezeigt. Um Herz-Funktion nach Verletzung wieder herzustellen, müssen Mechanismen für kardiale Umprogrammierung zur Steigerung von Effizienz und Reifung der iCMs aufgeklärt werden.
Wir zuvor nachweislich Hemmung der Pro-fibrotische Signalisierung dramatisch Neuprogrammierung Effizienzsteigerungen. Hier zeigen wir Methoden, einen Neuprogrammierung Wirkungsgrad von bis zu 60 % zu erreichen. Darüber hinaus beschreiben wir verschiedene Methoden einschließlich Durchflusszytometrie, immunofluorescent Bildgebung und Kalzium Imaging, Neuprogrammierung Effizienz und Reifung der umprogrammierten Fibroblasten zu quantifizieren. Hier das ausführliche Protokoll verwenden, können mechanistische Studien zur positive und negative Regulatoren der kardialen Umprogrammierung bestimmen durchgeführt werden. Diese Studien können Signalwege zu identifizieren, die angegriffen werden kann, zur Förderung der Neuprogrammierung Effizienz und Reifung, die zu neuartiger Zelltherapien zu menschlichen Herzerkrankungen führen könnten.

Mit der Neuprogrammierung Afrikastrategie oberhalb und in Abbildung 1 b, erzielten wir iCMs mit rund 70 % der Zellen mit dem Ausdruck kardiale Troponin T und rund 55 % der Zellen mit dem Ausdruck kardiale α-Actinin, durch Durchflusszytometrie am 9. Tag quantifiziert Anschluss an Transduktion von GHMT2m (Abb. 2A und B). Darüber hinaus die Mehrzahl der Zellen express kardiale Troponin T, Troponin I, und kardiale ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Suppression of Pro-fibrotic Signaling Potentiates Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts into Induced Cardiomyocytes at JoVE.com

Suppression of Pro-fibrotic Signaling Potentiates Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts into Induced Cardiomyocytes

Hier präsentieren wir eine robuste Methode zur primären embryonale Fibroblasten in funktionellen Herzmuskelzellen durch Überexpression des GATA4, Hand2, Mef2c und Tbx5, MiR-1 und MiR-133 (GHMT2m) neben Hemmung der TGF-β-Signal neu zu programmieren. Unser Protokoll generiert schlagende Herzzellen bereits 7 Tage nach Transduktion mit bis zu 60 % Wirkungsgrad.

Unterdrückung der Pro-fibrotische Signalisierung potenziert Faktor-vermittelten Reprogrammierung von Maus embryonalen Fibroblasten in induzierte Kardiomyozyten

Trans-differentiation of one somatic cell type into another has enormous potential to model and treat human diseases. Previous studies have shown that ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

Stable and Efficient Genetic Modification of Cells in the Adult Mouse V-SVZ for the Analysis of Neural Stem Cell Autonomous and Non-autonomous Effects

Stabile und effiziente genetische Veränderung von Zellen in der erwachsenen Maus V-SVZ für die Analyse von Neural Stem Cell Autonome und Nicht autonome Effekte

Relatively quiescent somatic stem cells support life-long cell renewal in most adult tissues. Neural stem cells in the adult mammalian brain are ...

Forschung

Entwicklungsbiologie

Improved Generation of Induced Cardiomyocytes Using a Polycistronic Construct Expressing Optimal Ratio of Gata4, Mef2c and Tbx5

Verbesserte Generierung induzierter Kardiomyozyten Mit einem Polycistronische Construct Ausdruck optimale Verhältnis von Gata4, Mef2c und Tbx5

Direct conversion of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) into induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs) holds great potential for regenerative medicine by offering alternative ...

Protocol for the Direct Conversion of Murine Embryonic Fibroblasts into Trophoblast Stem Cells

Protokoll für die direkte Umwandlung von murinen embryonalen Fibroblasten in Trophoblast Stammzellen

Trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) arise as a consequence of the first cell fate decision in mammalian development. They can be cultured in vitro, retaining ...

Reprogramming Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts with Transcription Factors to Induce a Hemogenic Program

Maus Umprogrammieren Embryonale Fibroblasten mit Transkriptionsfaktoren ein Hemogenic Programm zu induzieren

This protocol details the induction of a hemogenic program in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) via overexpression of transcription factors (TFs). We ...

Stimulation of Notch Signaling in Mouse Osteoclast Precursors

Die Stimulation der Notch-Signalweg in Maus-Osteoklasten Precursors

Notch signaling is a key component of multiple physiological and pathological processes. The nature of Notch signaling, however, makes in vitro ...

Assessing Cardiomyocyte Subtypes Following Transcription Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts

Die Beurteilung Cardiomyocyte Subtypes Nach Transcription Factor-vermittelte Reprogrammierung von embryonalen Maus-Fibroblasten

Direct reprogramming of one cell type into another has recently emerged as a powerful paradigm for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and lineage ...

Analysis of Retinoic Acid-induced Neural Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells in Two and Three-dimensional Embryoid Bodies

Analyse von Retinsäure-induzierte neuronale Differenzierung von embryonalen Stammzellen der Maus in zwei und drei-dimensionale Embryoidkörpern

Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) isolated from the inner mass of the blastocyst (typically at day E3.5), can be used as in vitro model system for ...

Dissection and Culture of Mouse Embryonic Kidney

Dissektion und Kultur der Maus Embryonale Niere

The goal of this protocol is to describe a method for the dissection, isolation, and culture of mouse metanephric rudiments. 
During mammalian kidney ...

Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle

Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle

Bewertung von Verletzungen-Induzierte Seneszenz und In Vivo eine Anpassung in der Skelettmuskulatur

Cellular senescence is a stress response that is characterized by a stable cellular growth arrest, which is important for many physiological and ...

Direct Lineage Reprogramming of Adult Mouse Fibroblast to Erythroid Progenitors

Direkte Linie Reprogrammierung von adulten Maus-Fibroblasten zu erythroiden Vorläuferzellen

Erythroid cell commitment and differentiation proceed through activation of a lineage-restricted transcriptional network orchestrated by a group of cell ...