Name: two-dimensional x-ray angiography to examine fine vascular structure using a silicone rubber injection compound
Uploaded: 2019-01-07T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Two-Dimensional X-Ray Angiography to Examine Fine Vascular Structure Using a Silicone Rubber Injection Compound at JoVE.com

这项工作 (2017r1a2b1006403) 得到了中级研究方案的支持, 由韩国政府 (科学和信息和通信技术部) 资助的国家研究基金会赠款。

所有程序, 包括动物科目, 都已得到首尔国立大学医院动物护理和使用机构委员会 (iacuc 10-0184 号) 的批准。该方案对皮瓣血管的研究进行了优化。这个例子是基于我们以前的报告中的四域皮瓣模型。
1. 建立翻盖条件
注: 重要的是要产生血管变化的大鼠皮瓣模型4至5天之前可见估计6,7。
<ol><li>使用7周大的雄性 spra...

<ol>
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C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Perforator+flaps:+evolution,+classification,+and+applications.">Perforator flaps: evolution, classification, and applications.</a> Annals of Plastic Surgery. 50 (1), 90-99 (2003).</li><li>Saint-Cyr, M., Schaverien, M. V., Rohrich, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Perforator+Flaps:+History,+Controversies,+Physiology,+Anatomy,+and+Use+in+Reconstruction.">Perforator Flaps: History, Controversies, Physiology, Anatomy, and Use in Reconstruction.</a> Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 123 (4), 132-145 (2009).</li><li>Lie, K. H., Taylor, G. I., Ashton, M. 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W., Imanishi, N., Minabe, T., Nakajima, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+Venous+Superdrainage+on+a+Four-Territory+Skin+Flap+Survival+in+Rats.">Effect of Venous Superdrainage on a Four-Territory Skin Flap Survival in Rats.</a> Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 119 (7), 2046-2051 (2007).</li><li>Rozen, W. M., Stella, D. L., Ashton, M. W., Phillips, T. J., Taylor, G. I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Three-dimensional+CT+angiography:+a+new+technique+for+imaging+microvascular+anatomy.">Three-dimensional CT angiography: a new technique for imaging microvascular anatomy.</a> Clinical Anatomy. 20 (8), 1001-1003 (2007).</li><li>Taylor, G. I., Chubb, D. P., Ashton, M. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=True+and+"choke"+anastomoses+between+perforator+angiosomes:+part+i.+anatomical+location.">True and "choke" anastomoses between perforator angiosomes: part i. anatomical location.</a> Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 132 (6), 1447-1456 (2013).</li><li>Feng, J., Fitz, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Catheterization+of+the+carotid+artery+and+jugular+vein+to+perform+hemodynamic+measures,+infusions+and+blood+sampling+in+a+conscious+rat+model.">Catheterization of the carotid artery and jugular vein to perform hemodynamic measures, infusions and blood sampling in a conscious rat model.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. (95), e51881 (2015).</li><li>Park, S. 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硅橡胶注射复合血管造影可以很容易地进行, 不需要昂贵的设备, 并提供了许多优点。与患者的术前和术中评估不同, 使用动物和尸体进行的实验可以提供有关具体条件的详细信息, 从而能够进行更加多样化和深入的研究。使用大鼠的皮瓣模型对临床医生特别有价值,因为在临床应用 6、7、11之前可以观察到各种情况下的变化。例?...

检查血管结构, 如动脉和静脉是一个重要的领域感兴趣, 特别是在重建手术。在这一领域, 皮瓣手术被广泛进行。因此, 血管造影成像被积极地用于研究新鲜组织的皮瓣区域、血管巨细胞和血管供应1。具体而言, 一直在努力观察精细血管, 包括细血管, 如穿孔器 (从深层血管到达皮肤的血管中出现的血管) 和窒息血管 (连接邻近血管瘤体之间的血管)2.这两种血管在穿孔瓣重建领域具有重要意义, 是3、4 研究的主要重点。
血管造影中使用了各种材料。首先是印度墨水, 它有助于观察血管的严重解剖。然而, 它是辐射的, 所以无法获得血管造影图像。更常用的不透明材料是氧化铅和钡。然而, 毒性是氧化铅的一个关键缺陷, 由于其粉末状, 与水混合时使用起来并不方便。钡无毒;然而, 这并不是很可行, 因为应该在稀释后使用。这两种不透明材料都不能交叉毛细血管;因此, 如果必须分析整个血管结构, 则有必要将其分别注射到动脉和静脉 5.此外, 这两种材料在解剖过程中会导致染料泄漏, 因此应与明胶结合。含氟明胶和钡明胶混合物至少需要一天时间才能凝固1,6,7。
计算机断层扫描 (ct) 血管造影是另一种广泛使用的方法, 可帮助查看三维 (3d) 结构8。然而, 静脉不能有效地可视化5。在这种方式, 明确可视化的精细血管, 如窒息脉是困难的, 除非使用特定的设备。对更昂贵的设备的需求可能是一个缺点, 因此 ct 血管造影不能在所有实验室中使用。相比之下, 软组织 x 线系统相对便宜, 操作更容易。该系统是观察软组织的最佳选择, 可以提供比简单的 x 射线系统更高质量的软组织图像。虽然软组织 x 射线系统本身不能显示三维图像, 它可以帮助可视化精细的血管结构比 ct 血管造影更清楚。因此, 我们在许多实验中使用了软组织 x 射线系统, 特别是在各种皮瓣模型和基本解剖2,9。
最后, 使用硅橡胶注射复合血管造影具有诸多优点。由于各种颜色代理是准备的, 它可以注入和显示可区分的颜色, 如印度油墨。因此, 同时研究总解剖和血管造影是可能的。它既可以通过毛细血管, 也可以让静脉可视化, 使精细血管结构的检查成为可能。与明胶混合物不同, 硅橡胶注射复合物在短时间内凝固, 约 15分钟, 无需任何额外的程序。图 1中的原理图图像总结了整个过程。

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			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">MICROFIL Silicone Rubber Injection Compounds</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Flow Tech Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">MV-112</td>
			<td style="width:273px;">White color agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">MICROFIL Silicone Rubber Injection Compounds</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Flow Tech Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">MV-117</td>
			<td style="width:273px;">Orange color agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">MICROFIL Silicone Rubber Injection Compounds</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Flow Tech Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">MV-120</td>
			<td style="width:273px;">Blue color agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">MICROFIL Silicone Rubber Injection Compounds</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Flow Tech Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">MV-122</td>
			<td style="width:273px;">Yellow color agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">MICROFIL Silicone Rubber Injection Compounds</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Flow Tech Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">MV-130</td>
			<td style="width:273px;">Red color agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">MICROFIL Silicone Rubber Injection Compounds</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Flow Tech Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">MV-132</td>
			<td style="width:273px;">Clear agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">MICROFIL Silicone Rubber Injection Compounds</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Flow Tech Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">MV-Diluent</td>
			<td style="width:273px;">Diluent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">MICROFIL CP-101 For Cast Corrosion Preparations</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Flow Tech Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">CP-101</td>
			<td style="width:273px;">Curing agent</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">SOFTEX X-ray film photographing inspection equipment</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">SOFTEX</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">CMB-2</td>
			<td style="width:273px;">Soft tissue x-ray system</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">Film&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Fujifilm</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">Industrial X-ray Film (FR 12x16.5cm)</td>
			<td style="width:273px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">Automatic Development Machine</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">Fujifilm</td>
			<td style="width:115px;">FPM 2800</td>
			<td style="width:273px;"></td>
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		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">Rat&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:151px;"></td>
			<td style="width:115px;"></td>
			<td style="width:273px;">Sprague-Dawley rat weighing 200-250 g</td>
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		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">Three-way stopcock</td>
			<td style="width:151px;"></td>
			<td style="width:115px;"></td>
			<td style="width:273px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">24-guage catheter</td>
			<td style="width:151px;"></td>
			<td style="width:115px;"></td>
			<td style="width:273px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:339px;">Image J</td>
			<td style="width:151px;">National Institutes of Health&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:115px;"></td>
			<td style="width:273px;">https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/</td>
		</tr>
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two-dimensional x-ray angiography to examine fine vascular structure using a silicone rubber injection compound

血管造影是研究各种研究领域血管结构的重要工具。本研究的目的是介绍一种简单的血管造影方法, 利用硅橡胶注射剂和软组织 x 线系统检查未固定的新鲜组织的精细血管结构。本研究特别关注用于重建手术的皮瓣区。本研究采用血管造影与硅橡胶注射化合物在各种实验条件下使用 sprague-dawley 大鼠。首先, 将 mL 化合物与稀释剂混合15毫升。然后, 制备 1.5 ml 的固化剂, 并在大鼠颈总动脉中插管24g 导管。然后将三通塞子连接到导管上, 与制备的固化剂混合后, 立即注入不透明剂, 不发生溢出。最后, 当试剂凝固时, 将采集标本, 并使用软组织 x 射线系统获得血管造影图像。该方法表明, 高质量的血管造影显示精细的血管结构可以很容易和简单地获得在很短的时间内。

通过遵循该方案, 对 sprague-dawley 大鼠的皮瓣血管进行了检查。根据我们之前的报告, 标记了从下腹部到背部的一个测量 4 x 12 厘米的环状皮瓣。每个标本都处于不同的血管状况。
所有的皮瓣都是根据深环状腹腔动脉 (dcia) 和静脉升高, 然后与来自不同位置的动脉增压。以1组为对照组, 第2组为同侧浅上腹部动脉 (siea) 增压, 第3组为...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Two-Dimensional X-Ray Angiography to Examine Fine Vascular Structure Using a Silicone Rubber Injection Compound at JoVE.com

Two-Dimensional X-Ray Angiography to Examine Fine Vascular Structure Using a Silicone Rubber Injection Compound

本研究提出了一种简单的二维血管造影方法, 使用硅橡胶注射化合物和软组织 x 线系统检查精细的血管结构。

二维 x 射线血管造影应用硅橡胶注射液检测细血管结构

Angiography is an essential tool for the study of vascular structures in various research fields. The aim of this study is to introduce a simple ...

该方法有助于回答重建手术领域中有关如何进行穿孔提升手术的关键问题。该技术的主要优点是，细血管结构的变化，如扼流圈血管，可以很容易地在各种血管活门条件下进行。要建立皮瓣状况，确认适当的水平，通过缺乏反应在麻醉200至250克7周男性Sprague-Dawley大鼠的手指捏，并标记4到12厘米的圆周皮肤皮瓣设计从下腹部到背部。皮瓣的中心在西腓过程和阴性之间的一半。使用手术刀片使切口标记，并使用剪刀解剖皮瓣，包括皮肤和潘尼库鲁斯肌不sus。解剖下腹部的血管骨盆周围，使用显微镜或手术回路暴露血管组织。将容器拉开，沿后侧中线划分活门。将活门返回到其原始位置，然后用皮肤订书机固定活门。重要的是要使皮瓣有明显的血管区域，使改变很容易对活门的血管条件，因为做实验协议的要求。在手术当天，在肩骨之间做一个2厘米的中线皮肤切口，并使用蚊子钳和钝剪刀来暴露唾液腺复合物。纵向解剖肌部肌肉后，在常见的肌酸动脉周围解剖，用黑丝缩回动脉的脑侧和骨质侧。在近向缝合上打上领带，保持牵引力，以保持动脉的包围，松散地放置带状缝合线。将 24 量表导管插入准备好的动脉，用缝合线固定导管。将三路止血器连接到导管，并使用空注射器对导管施加负压，确认血液回流向导管。接下来，将25至30毫升新鲜准备好的硅橡胶注射化合物注入导管，直到眼睛和脚的颜色发生变化。当所有化合物都注射时，锁定三路止损，让剂剂凝固约15分钟。然后在化合物的注射器周围放置一个保护屏障，以便不污染无线电不透明剂。然后从塞子上取下注射器要收获标本，请使用手术刀片在离皮瓣一厘米远的泛形肉质中切口，以防止对皮瓣内任何血管结构造成损害，并在潘尼库鲁斯肉皮平面下方的皮瓣周围解剖。然后用剪刀收获皮瓣内的组织，包括皮瓣和血管皮，并使用五o丝缝合线将皮瓣的皮瓣与身体分离。硅橡胶注射血管造影术清楚地揭示了精细的血管结构，即使在其他困难的成像条件下，也能够获得扩张的咽断静脉的高质量血管学图像。例如，在这个具有代表性的实验中，可以观察到，所有皮瓣都是基于深环状动脉和静脉升高的，然后被不同位置的动脉增压。如果将整个活门分成四个区域作为标准，主容器为活门区域充电，则到达主容器的血管造热剂会向增高动脉外的下一个外部区域充电。扩张的咽咽静脉也可以观察到，即使它没有看到在正常的皮肤血管造影。一旦掌握，这项技术可以在一小时内完成每只大鼠，如果它执行得当。在尝试此程序时，重要的是要记住在注射过程中不要污染或溢出造血剂。看完这个视频后，你应该有一个很好的理解，如何使一个特定的条件皮瓣和进行造影术。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Guide Wire Assisted Catheterization and Colored Dye Injection for Vascular Mapping of Monochorionic Twin Placentas

导丝辅助导管和彩色染料注射的双人单绒毛膜胎盘血管映射

Monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies are associated with significantly higher morbidity and mortality rates than dichorionic twins. Approximately 50% of MC ...

科研

医学

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

通过自适应曝光的减少剂量X射线透视影像

X-ray fluoroscopy is widely used for image guidance during cardiac intervention. However, radiation dose in these procedures can be high, and this is a ...

Segmentation and Measurement of Fat Volumes in Murine Obesity Models Using X-ray Computed Tomography

利用X射线计算机断层扫描在小鼠肥胖模型的FAT卷的分割和测量

Obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality as well as reduced metrics in quality of life.1 Both environmental and genetic factors are ...

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice

清醒小鼠滴鼻的CNS药物治疗管理

Intranasal administration is a method of delivering  therapeutic agents to the central nervous system (CNS). It is  non-invasive and allows large ...

Dual-phase Cone-beam Computed Tomography to See, Reach, and Treat Hepatocellular Carcinoma during Drug-eluting Beads Transarterial Chemo-embolization

双相位锥束CT看看，到达，并在药物洗脱珠Transarterial化疗栓塞治疗原发性肝癌

The advent of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the angiography suite has been revolutionary in interventional radiology. CBCT offers 3 ...

Real-time X-ray Imaging of Lung Fluid Volumes in Neonatal Mouse Lung

在新生小鼠肺肺流体体积的实时X射线成像

At birth, the lung undergoes a profound phenotypic switch from secretion to absorption, which allows for adaptation to breathing independently. Promoting ...

Using the Sleeve Technique in a Mouse Model of Aortic Transplantation - An Instructional Video

套筒技术在主动脉移植小鼠模型中的应用-教学视频

Orthotopic aortic transplantation using the sleeve technique reduces injury to the aorta with failure rate of only 10-20%. The time to anastomose the ...

Ultrasound-guided Intracardiac Injection of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Increase Homing to the Intestine for Use in Murine Models of Experimental Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

超声引导下人骨髓间充质干细胞在实验性肠炎小鼠模型中的应用

Crohn&#39;s disease (CD) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the small and large intestines. Murine and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have ...

Improved Registration of 3D CT Angiography with X-ray Fluoroscopy for Image Fusion During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

经导管主动脉瓣植入术中 X 线透视 3D CT 血管造影的改进与影像融合

The fusion of 3D anatomical models derived from high-fidelity pre-interventional computed tomography angiography (CTA), and x-ray (XR) fluoroscopy to ...

Time-Resolved, Dynamic Computed Tomography Angiography for Characterization of Aortic Endoleaks and Treatment Guidance via 2D-3D Fusion-Imaging

Time-Resolved, Dynamic Computed Tomography Angiography for Characterization of Aortic Endoleaks and Treatment Guidance via 2D-3D Fusion-Imaging

时间分辨、动态计算机断层扫描血管造影术，用于主动脉内漏的表征和 通过 2D-3D 融合成像进行治疗指导

In the United States, more than 80% of all abdominal aortic aneurysms are treated by endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). The endovascular approach ...