Name: methodology for accurate detection of mitochondrial dna methylation
Uploaded: 2018-05-20T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Methodology for Accurate Detection of Mitochondrial DNA Methylation at JoVE.com

德基础代谢研究基金会是在哥本哈根大学的一个独立研究中心, 由来自德基金会的无限制捐赠部分资助。

1. 限制酶治疗
<ol><li>进行线性化线粒体 dna 通过治疗总人类 DNA 与限制酶 BamHI, 那削减在位置14258在人类线粒体脱氧核糖核酸。 注: 对于小鼠 DNA, 使用限制酶 BglII 在相同条件下, 如下所示。</li>
	<li>对于要评估线粒体甲基化的每个样本, 准备一个0.2 毫升反应管, 并添加以下 mix:3 微克基因组 DNA (由荧光量化), 15 ul 缓冲 3, 3 ul BamHI 和水高达 150 ul</li>
	<li>在热循环仪中放置管4小时, 在37摄氏度。</li>
</ol>...

<ol>
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在这里, 我们提供了一种亚硫酸氢测序协议, 专门用于审问线粒体甲基化。与亚硫酸氢酶测序协议用于基因组 DNA 的区别在于利用了先前的限制酵素消化步骤和生物信息学分析, 排除了 NUMT 序列产生的假阳性。
在研究线粒体甲基化时, 我们提供了一种避免亚硫酸氢测序工件的协议。以前报告的亚硫酸氢亚硫酸盐序列工件导致了误报37。蛋白酶 K 去除 DNA 副蛋白的...

线粒体基因组是一个圆形, 双链结构约16.5 公斤的基础 (kb) 长, 构成一个沉重的和轻的链。线粒体基因组存在于每个细胞内的多个拷贝中, 母系遗传, 并编码呼吸链复合体的基本成分1。与细菌基因组相似, 与核基因组不同, 线粒体基因组组织在许多次和三级结构中, 例如在连续和超螺旋结构中 2, 这可以在排序过程中使访问变得困难.实验3。
在细胞核中, DNA 甲基化是一种广泛研究的表观遗传标记, 在许多过程中起着重要作用, 特别是在基因表达调控中。在哺乳动物基因组中, DNA 甲基化主要发生在 deoxycytidines 嘧啶环的5位位置上, 主要是在 CG dinucleotides (或 CpG) 上。胞嘧啶甲基化在体细胞基因组中的70% 都被发现, 占总 DNA 基数的 1%, 为4。DNA methylations 也被描述在非 CpG 的情况下, 如 CpA, CpT 和 CpC, 并存在于各种数量的核 DNA, 其价值高达25% 的甲基化 cytosines 在胚胎干细胞5,6,7。
虽然核基因组的胞嘧啶甲基化被广泛接受, 但线粒体 DNA (线粒体) 甲基的存在仍然存在争议。首次研究线粒体甲基化是在培养细胞中进行的, 在那里线粒体甲基化是容易检测到的, 虽然在较低的水平与核 DNA8。在人类和小鼠细胞中, 线粒体甲基化也被检测到低水平 (2-5%)。使用依赖于5甲基胞嘧啶捕获 (如甲基化 DNA 免疫沉淀 (MeDIP) 和定量 PCR 的检测方法, 在各种鼠标和人和细胞线(9,10 ,) 中也发现线粒体甲基化.11,12。在 ELISA 检测或质谱中使用 5-甲基胞嘧啶抗体, 从纯化的线粒体分数中检测出大量的 DNA 甲基化水平13, 14, 15,16. 然而, 上述研究中的大多数化验方法都使用的技术不是为在单一碱基分辨率下的 DNA 甲基化提供绝对量化的。
定量和 resolutive dna 甲基化分析可以通过一种名为 "亚硫酸氢" 的技术来实现, 利用亚硫酸氢钠的特性将非甲基化胞嘧啶转化为尿的单链 DNA上下文17.利用亚硫酸氢的测序, 一系列研究发现了胞嘧啶甲基化在不同层次的存在。甲基化线粒体在 D 环区域, 12S 或16S 区域在人的18,19,20,21,22,23和老鼠24中容易地被发现。然而, 组织和细胞具有令人着迷的变异, 在研究中总 cytosines 的1-20%。
与这些众多的研究相比, 只有少数研究, 包括从我们的小组, 有争议的存在线粒体甲基化3,25,26,27或质疑的生物学相关性非常低的线粒体水平 (低于 2%)28。最近, 我们报告了一个潜在的亚硫酸氢序列伪影在整个线粒体亚硫酸氢化序列3的观察。我们提供的证据表明, 线粒体 DNA 的二级结构可能导致亚硫酸氢亚硫酸盐测序中的误报, 从而高估甲基化水平。我们这里提供了一个协议, 以防止亚硫酸氢的伪影转换的线粒体。该协议使用简单的酶消化 DNA, 以扰乱线粒体二级结构, 并允许完全进入亚硫酸氢化后, 亚硫酸盐排序协议。此外, 我们还提供了一个伴随的生物信息学管道, 用于分析亚硫酸氢的测序。

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:283px;">BamHI</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">New England BioLabs</td>
			<td style="width:113px;"># R0136</td>
			<td style="width:88px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">EZ DNA methylation-lightning kit</td>
			<td>Zymo Research</td>
			<td># D5030&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Qubit ssDNA assay</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td># Q10212</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Qubit assay tubes</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td># Q32856</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">HotStarTaq plus DNA polymerase kit</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td># 203603&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td># 28704</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">NEBNext Ultra DNA Library Kit for Illumina</td>
			<td>New England BioLabs</td>
			<td># E7370S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">NEBNext Multiplex Oligoes for Illumina</td>
			<td>New England BioLabs</td>
			<td># E7335S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">AMPure XP Beads</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td># A63881</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">High Sensitivity DNA chip</td>
			<td>Agilent</td>
			<td># 5067-4626</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Qubit high sensitivity dsDNA assay</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td># Q33230</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">MiSeq reagent kit v2 300 cycles</td>
			<td>Illumina</td>
			<td># MS-102-2003</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">PhiX control v3</td>
			<td>Illumina</td>
			<td># FC-110-3001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Sodium hydroxide&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td># S5881</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Thermal cycler C1000</td>
			<td>Biorad</td>
			<td># 1851148</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">CFX96 Real-Time PCR detection system</td>
			<td>Biorad&#160;</td>
			<td>#1855195</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Qubit Fluorometer</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td># Q33226</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Bioanalyzer 2100</td>
			<td>Agilent</td>
			<td># G2939BA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">MiSeq instrument</td>
			<td>Illumina</td>
			<td># SY-410-1003</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

methodology for accurate detection of mitochondrial dna methylation

利用亚硫酸氢钠的特性, 将非甲基化胞嘧啶转化为尿, 在单链 dna 环境下, 可以实现 dna 甲基化的量化。亚硫酸氢的测序可以是靶向 (使用 PCR) 或在整个基因组进行, 并提供绝对定量的胞嘧啶甲基化的单基分辨率。考虑到细胞核和线粒体 DNA 的独特性质, 特别是在二级结构中, 应该对亚硫酸氢嘧啶测序方法在线粒体中的 adaptions 进行研究。线粒体的二级和三级结构确实可以导致亚硫酸氢的测序工件导致误报, 因为不完全变性, 亚硫酸氢对单链 DNA 的接触较差。在这里, 我们描述了一个协议, 使用酶消化 DNA 与BamHI结合生物信息学分析管道, 以允许准确定量的胞嘧啶甲基化水平在线粒体。此外, 我们还提供了设计特定于线粒体的亚硫酸盐测序底漆的准则, 以避免将不理想的核线粒体片段 (NUMTs) 插入核基因组。

在研究线粒体甲基化时, 该协议的两个步骤至关重要。1) 二次结构的开放性和 2) 线粒体 DNA 特异引物的设计。
通过使用限制酶 BamHI (图 1) 消化人类基因组 dna, 线粒体 dna 结构将在核苷酸位置14258上被切割, 第二结构将被打开。
亚硫酸氢转化的可能损害与完整的?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Methodology for Accurate Detection of Mitochondrial DNA Methylation at JoVE.com

Methodology for Accurate Detection of Mitochondrial DNA Methylation

在这里, 我们提出了一个协议, 允许准确定量的线粒体 DNA (线粒体) 甲基化。在本协议中, 我们描述了一种酶消化 DNA 与BamHI结合的生物信息学分析管道, 可用于避免高估线粒体甲基化水平引起的线粒体二级结构。

线粒体 DNA 甲基化的精确检测方法

Quantification of DNA methylation can be achieved using bisulfite sequencing, which takes advantage of the property of sodium bisulfite to convert ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Genetics

Methyl-binding DNA capture Sequencing for Patient Tissues

为患者组织甲基结合DNA序列捕获

Methylation is one of the essential epigenetic modifications to the DNA, which is responsible for the precise regulation of genes required for stable ...

科研

遗传学

Novel RNA-Binding Proteins Isolation by the RaPID Methodology

的快速方法新颖的RNA结合蛋白隔离

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play important roles in every aspect of RNA metabolism and regulation. Their identification is a major challenge in modern ...

In Situ Labeling of Mitochondrial DNA Replication in Drosophila Adult Ovaries by EdU Staining

In Situ Labeling of Mitochondrial DNA Replication in Drosophila Adult Ovaries by EdU Staining

在 果蝇卵巢成人线粒体DNA复制的原位标记埃杜染色

The mitochondrial genome is inherited exclusively through the maternal line. Understanding of how the mitochondrion and its genome are proliferated and ...

Detection of Copy Number Alterations Using Single Cell Sequencing

单细胞测序拷贝数改变的检测

Detection of genomic changes at single cell resolution is important for characterizing genetic heterogeneity and evolution in normal tissues, cancers, and ...

Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients

在慢性淋巴细胞性白血病患者中使用甲基CpG结合域捕获法进行综合DNA甲基化分析

The role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer is coming to the forefront due to growing interest in understanding their mechanistic functions during ...

Bidirectional Retroviral Integration Site PCR Methodology and Quantitative Data Analysis Workflow

双向逆转录病毒整合位点PCR方法和定量数据分析工作流程

Integration Site (IS) assays are a critical component of the study of retroviral integration sites and their biological significance. In recent retroviral ...

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

DNA 修饰的免疫: 共焦图像的计算分析

For several decades, 5-methylcytosine (5mC) has been thought to be the only DNA modification with a functional significance in metazoans. The discovery of ...

Rare Event Detection Using Error-corrected DNA and RNA Sequencing

基于纠错 DNA 和 RNA 测序的稀有事件检测方法

Conventional next-generation sequencing techniques (NGS) have allowed for immense genomic characterization for over a decade. Specifically, NGS has been ...

Genome-wide Surveillance of Transcription Errors in Eukaryotic Organisms

全基因组对真核生物转录误差的监测

Accurate transcription is required for the faithful expression of genetic information. Surprisingly though, little is known about the mechanisms that ...