Name: bioprintable alginate/gelatin hydrogel 3d in vitro model systems induce cell spheroid formation
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Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation at JoVE.com

Tao Jiang graças a China Scholarship Council (201403170354) e prêmio de doutorado engenharia de McGill (90025) para o financiamento de bolsas de estudo. Jose G. Munguia-Lopez Obrigado CONACYT (250279, 290936 e 291168) e FRQNT (258421) para o financiamento de bolsas de estudo. Salvador Flores-Torres Obrigado CONACYT para sua bolsa de financiamento (751540). Joseph M. Kinsella graças a ciência nacional e Engineering Research Council, a Fundação Canadense para a inovação, a Fundação da família de Townshend-Lamarre e McGill University para seu financiamento. Gostaríamos de agradecer a Allen Ehrlicher que nos permite usar seu rheometer, Dan Nicolau nos permitir usar seu microscópio confocal e Morag Park para conceder-nos acesso a linhas de célula fluorescente etiquetadas.

1. preparação dos materiais, hidrogel e materiais de cultura celular
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Preparação de material e solução
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<li>Lave e seque a 250 mL e copos de vidro de 100 mL, Agitadores magnéticos, espátulas, cartuchos 10ml, bocais cilíndricos de 25g com (um comprimento de 0,5 na) e um diâmetro interno de 250 µm. Esterilizar os materiais em autoclave-los em 121 ° C/15 min/1 ATM. manter os materiais em condições estéreis até o uso. Nota: Consulte a Tabela de materiais , p...

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C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=3D+tumor+spheroids:+an+overview+on+the+tools+and+techniques+used+for+their+analysis.">3D tumor spheroids: an overview on the tools and techniques used for their analysis.</a> Biotechnology Advances. 34 (8), 1427-1441 (2016).</li><li>Zhao, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Three-dimensional+printing+of+Hela+cells+for+cervical+tumor+model+in+vitro.">Three-dimensional printing of Hela cells for cervical tumor model in vitro.</a> Biofabrication. 6 (3), 035001 (2014).</li><li>Ling, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bioprinting-based+high-throughput+fabrication+of+three-dimensional+MCF-7+human+breast+cancer+cellular+spheroids.">Bioprinting-based high-throughput fabrication of three-dimensional MCF-7 human breast cancer cellular spheroids.</a> Engineering. 1 (2), 269-274 (2015).</li><li>Liang, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+cell-instructive+hydrogel+to+regulate+malignancy+of+3D+tumor+spheroids+with+matrix+rigidity.">A cell-instructive hydrogel to regulate malignancy of 3D tumor spheroids with matrix rigidity.</a> Biomaterials. 32 (35), 9308-9315 (2011).</li><li>Szot, C. S., Buchanan, C. F., Freeman, J. W., Rylander, M. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=3D+in+vitro+bioengineered+tumors+based+on+collagen+I+hydrogels.">3D in vitro bioengineered tumors based on collagen I hydrogels.</a> Biomaterials. 32 (31), 7905-7912 (2011).</li><li>Carey, S. P., Kraning-Rush, C. M., Williams, R. M., Reinhart-King, C. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Biophysical+control+of+invasive+tumor+cell+behavior+by+extracellular+matrix+microarchitecture.">Biophysical control of invasive tumor cell behavior by extracellular matrix microarchitecture.</a> Biomaterials. 33 (16), 4157-4165 (2012).</li><li>Hospodiuk, M., Dey, M., Sosnoski, D., Ozbolat, I. 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A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+practical+guide+to+hydrogels+for+cell+culture.">A practical guide to hydrogels for cell culture.</a> Nature Methods. 13 (5), 405-414 (2016).</li><li>Bhutani, U., Laha, A., Mitra, K., Majumdar, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sodium+alginate+and+gelatin+hydrogels:+viscosity+effect+on+hydrophobic+drug+release.">Sodium alginate and gelatin hydrogels: viscosity effect on hydrophobic drug release.</a> Materials Letters. 164, 76-79 (2016).</li><li>Biswal, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+mechanical+and+electrical+behavior+of+gelatin+hydrogels+on+drug+release+and+cell+proliferation.">Effect of mechanical and electrical behavior of gelatin hydrogels on drug release and cell proliferation.</a> Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. 53, 174-186 (2016).</li><li>Rowley, J. 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Estruturas celulares-carregado podem ser comprometidas se a contaminação (química ou biológica) ocorre em qualquer ponto no processo. Geralmente, contaminação biológica é vista após dois ou três dias da cultura como uma cor mudar os meios de cultura ou a estrutura de bioprinted. Portanto, a esterilização (desinfecção química e física) é um passo fundamental para todos os processos relacionados à célula. Notável, gelatina de autoclavagem altera suas propriedades de coagulação, que tornou mais lento d...

Embora a cultura de pilha 2D é amplamente utilizada na pesquisa do câncer, existem limitações como as células são cultivadas em um formato de monocamada com uma concentração uniforme de nutrientes e oxigênio. Essas culturas faltam importante célula-célula e interações célula-matriz presentes no microambiente do tumor nativo (TME). Consequentemente, estes modelos mal recapitular condições fisiológicas, resultando em comportamentos aberrantes de células, incluindo morfologias antinaturais, organização irregular do receptor, polarização de membrana e expressão do gene anormal, entre outros condições1,2,3,4. Por outro lado, a cultura de células 3D, onde as células são expandidas em um espaço volumétrico como agregados, esferoides ou organoids, oferece uma técnica alternativa para criar ambientes em vitro mais precisos para estudar a fisiologia e biologia celular fundamentais. Modelos de cultura de células 3D também podem incentivar interações célula-ECM que são críticas características fisiológicas do nativo TME em vitro1,4,5. A tecnologia emergente de bioprinting 3D fornece possibilidades para construir modelos que imitam o TME heterogêneo.
Bioprinting 3D é derivado de prototipagem rápida e permite a fabricação de microestruturas 3D que são capazes de imitar as complexidades da vida6,7amostras de tecido. Os atuais métodos de bioprinting incluem jato de tinta, extrusão e assistida por laser impressão8. Entre eles, o método de extrusão permite a heterogeneidade ser controlado dentro de matrizes de impressos por precisamente posicionamento distintos tipos de materiais em locais diferentes do iniciais. Portanto, é a melhor abordagem para fabricar modelos heterogêneos em vitro envolvendo vários tipos de células ou matrizes. Bioprinting de extrusão tem sido usada com sucesso para construir andaimes de forma auricular9, estruturas vasculares de11,10,12e tecidos13, resultando em células e alta fidelidade de impressão de pele viabilidade. A tecnologia também possui seleções materiais versátil, a capacidade de depositar materiais com células incorporado com um conhecido de densidade e alta reprodutibilidade14,15,16,17 . Hidrogel natural e sintética é usadas frequentemente como bioinks para bioprinting 3D, devido à sua biocompatibilidade, Bioatividade e suas redes hidrofílicos que podem ser projetados para assemelhar-se estruturalmente o ECM7,18 ,19,20,21,22,23. Hidrogel também é vantajosos, já que podem incluir sites adesivos para células, elementos estruturais, permeabilidade de nutrientes e gases, e as propriedades mecânicas adequadas para incentivar desenvolvimento24da pilha. Por exemplo, o colágeno hidrogel oferece integrina locais de ancoragem que células podem usar para conectar para a matriz. Gelatina, colágeno desnaturado, mantém sites semelhantes de adesão celular. Em contraste, o alginato é bioinert mas fornece integridade mecânica, formando ligações cruzadas com íons divalentes25,26,,27,28.
Neste trabalho, desenvolvemos um hidrogel composto como um bioink, composto de alginato e gelatina, com semelhanças com a arquitetura microscópica de uma estroma do tumor nativo. Fibroblastos e células de câncer de mama foram incorporados o hidrogel e impresso através de uma bioprinter baseada em extrusão para criar um modelo 3D que imita o microambiente no vivo . O ambiente 3D projetado permite que as células cancerosas formar esferoides tumor multicelulares (MCTS) com uma alta viabilidade por longos períodos de cultura celular (> 30 dias). Este protocolo demonstra as metodologias de sintetizar compostos hidrogel, caracterizando a microestrutura dos materiais e qualidade de impressão, bioprinting celular modelos heterogêneos e observar a formação de MCTS. Essas metodologias podem ser aplicadas a outros bioinks em extrusão bioprinting, bem como para diferentes projetos de modelos de tecidos heterogêneos com aplicações potenciais na despistagem de drogas, ensaios de migração celular e estudos que se concentram em célula fundamental funções fisiológicas.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="925">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Sodium alginate</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">FMC BioPolymer</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">CAS-No: 9005-38-3</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Protanal LF 10/60 FT</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Gelatin</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">G9391</td>
			<td>Type B gelatin from bovine skin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Dubelcco&#39;s phosphate buffered saline (DPBS 1X)</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Gibco</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">LS14190136</td>
			<td>1&#215;, w/o calcium, w/o magnesium</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Magnetic hotplate</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Corning&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Stirrer/hot plate model PC-420</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">50 mL centrifuge tubes</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">352098</td>
			<td>Falcon&#174; 50mL High Clarity PP Centrifuge Tube, Conical Bottom, Sterile</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">GMI</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Sorvall RT6000D, GMI, USA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Calcium chloride anhydrous</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>C1016</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">MilliQ water</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Millipore 0.22 &#181;m filters</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">SLGS033SB</td>
			<td>Millex-GS Syringe Filter Unit, 0.22&#160;&#181;m, mixed cellulose esters, 33&#160;mm, ethylene oxide sterilized</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Oscillation rheometer MCR 302</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Anton Paar</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Rheometer measuring tool CP25</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Anton Paar</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">79038</td>
			<td>Conical plate geometry for rheometer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">RheoCompass</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Anton Paar</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Software controlling rheometer MCR 302</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Scanning electron microscope</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Hitachi</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>SEM, Hitachi SU-3500 Variable Pressure</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Paraformaldehyde, 96%, extra pure</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Acros Organics</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">416785000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Dulbecco modified eagle medium (DMEM)</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Gibco</td>
			<td>11965092</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Antibiotic/Antimycotic solution (100X) stabilized</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Sigma</td>
			<td>A5955</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Fetal bovine serum</td>
			<td>Wisent Bioproducts</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">080-150</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="24">
			<td height="24" style="height:24px;width:372px;">Cell culture T-75 flasks</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">CLS430641</td>
			<td>75 cm2 TC-Treated surface treatment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">3D bioprinter BioScaffolder 3.1</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">GeSiM</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">GeSim software</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">GeSiM</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Software controlling BioScaffolder 3.1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">10cc cartridge UV resist</td>
			<td>EFD Nordson</td>
			<td>7012126</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">End cap</td>
			<td>EFD Nordson</td>
			<td>7014472</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Tip cap</td>
			<td>EFD Nordson</td>
			<td>7014469</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Piston&#160;</td>
			<td>EFD Nordson</td>
			<td>7012182</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Stainless nozzle G25</td>
			<td>EFD Nordson</td>
			<td>7018345</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Water bath</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Agarose</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">A9539</td>
			<td>Bioreagent, for molecular biology</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Costar 6-well plates&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">3516</td>
			<td>TC-Treated Multiple Well Plates, Individually Wrapped, Sterile&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Confocal spinning disk inverted microscope</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Olympus Life Science</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Olympus IX83</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">MTS assay kit</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Promega</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">G3582</td>
			<td>CellTiter 96&#174; AQueous&#160;One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Live/Dead viability cytotoxicity kit</td>
			<td>Molecular Probes,ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>L3224</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Trypsin 0.25/EDTA 1X</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>25200-072</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Corning 96-well plate</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">3595</td>
			<td>Clear Flat Bottom Polystyrene TC-Treated Microplate, Individually Wrapped, with Low Evaporation Lid, Sterile</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Autoclave Tuttnauer</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Heidolph Brinkmann</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Heidolph Tuttnauer 2540E Autoclave Sterilizer Electronic Model with 4 Stainless Steel Trays, 23L Capacity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Trypan blue</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Invitrogen&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">T10282</td>
			<td>0.4% solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Ethanol</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Commercial Alcohols</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">P016EA95</td>
			<td>Greenfield Speciality Alcohols</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:372px;">CO2 Incubator</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Panasonic</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>MCO 19AIC-PA</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">Lyophilizer&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">SP Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>Virtis Sentry 2.0</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">SolidWorks</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">Dassault Systems</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>A CAD software used to build demostrative propeller-like model</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:372px;">MATLAB</td>
			<td style="width:213px;">The MathWorks</td>
			<td style="width:173px;">N/A</td>
			<td>A programming software used to generate G-code for BioScaffolder 3.1</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

bioprintable alginate/gelatin hydrogel 3d in vitro model systems induce cell spheroid formation

A heterogeneidade celular, bioquímica e biofísica do microambiente do tumor nativo não é recapitulada por linhas de células de câncer imortalizado crescente usando a cultura convencional bidimensional (2D) celular. Esses desafios podem ser superados por meio de técnicas bioprinting para construir modelos heterogêneos tridimensional (3D) tumor, segundo o qual diferentes tipos de células são incorporados. Alginato e gelatina são dois dos biomateriais mais comuns empregados em bioprinting devido à sua biocompatibilidade, biomimetismo e propriedades mecânicas. Combinando os dois polímeros, atingimos um hidrogel composto bioprintable com semelhanças com a arquitetura microscópica de uma estroma do tumor nativo. Estudamos a qualidade de impressão de hidrogel composto através de reologia e obtidos da janela de impressão ideal. Fibroblastos e células de câncer de mama foram incorporados no hidrogel e impressos para formar um modelo 3D, imitando o microambiente no vivo . O modelo heterogêneo bioprinted alcança uma alta viabilidade para cultura de células a longo prazo (> 30 dias) e promove a auto-montagem de células de câncer de mama em esferoides tumor multicelulares (MCTS). Observamos a migração e a interação das células de câncer-associado do fibroblasto (CAFs) com o MCTS neste modelo. Usando plataformas de cultura de células bioprinted como sistemas de co-cultura, dispõe de uma exclusiva ferramenta para estudar a dependência da tumorigênese sobre a composição do estroma. Esta técnica apresenta uma alta produtividade, baixo custo e alta reprodutibilidade, e também pode fornecer um modelo alternativo para culturas convencionais monocamada e modelos de tumor animal para estudar a biologia do câncer.

A varredura de temperatura mostra uma diferença distinta do precursor A3G7 a 25 ° C e 37 ° C. O precursor é líquido a 37 ° C e tem uma viscosidade complexa de 1938.1 ± 84,0 mPa x s, o que é validado por um G maior "sobre G'. Como a temperatura diminui, o precursor sofre física gelificação devido o emaranhamento física espontânea das moléculas de gelatina em uma formação de tri-hélice29,30. Ambos o G' e a G "aument...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation at JoVE.com

Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation

Desenvolvemos um modelo de câncer de mama heterogênea consistindo de células de tumor e fibroblasto imortalizadas incorporadas em um bioink de alginato/gelatina de bioprintable. O modelo recapitula o microambiente do tumor na vivo e facilita a formação de esferoides tumor multicelulares, produzindo insights sobre os mecanismos de condução tumorigênese.

Hidrogel Bioprintable alginato/gelatina 3D em Vitro sistemas modelo induzem a formação de esferoide de célula

The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation

Eye Irritation Test (EIT) for Hazard Identification of Eye Irritating Chemicals using Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelial (RhCE) Tissue Model

Eye Irritation Test EIT for Hazard Identification of Eye Irritating Chemicals using Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelial RhCE Tissue Model

Irritação dos olhos Test (EIT) para identificação de perigos de olho irritantes químicos usando reconstruída Humano Córnea-like epitelial (RHCE) Modelo Tissue

To comply with the Seventh Amendment to the EU Cosmetics Directive and EU REACH legislation, validated non-animal alternative methods for reliable and ...

Bioengenharia

Modeling Ovarian Cancer Multicellular Spheroid Behavior in a Dynamic 3D Peritoneal Microdevice

Modelagem do comportamento do cancro do ovário multicelular Spheroid em um microdispositivos 3D Peritoneal Dinâmico

Ovarian cancer is characterized by extensive peritoneal metastasis, with tumor spheres commonly found in the malignant ascites. This is associated with ...

An In Vitro Organ Culture Model of the Murine Intervertebral Disc

An In Vitro Organ Culture Model of the Murine Intervertebral Disc

A<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Modelo Cultura Órgão da Murino Intervertebral Disc

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a significant contributor to low back pain. The IVD is a fibrocartilaginous joint that serves to transmit and ...

Improved 3D Hydrogel Cultures of Primary Glial Cells for In Vitro Modelling of Neuroinflammation

Improved 3D Hydrogel Cultures of Primary Glial Cells for In Vitro Modelling of Neuroinflammation

Melhorado o hidrogel 3D culturas de células gliais primárias para In Vitro modelagem de Neuroinflammation

In the central nervous system, numerous acute injuries and neurodegenerative disorders, as well as implanted devices or biomaterials engineered to enhance ...

3D Printed Porous Cellulose Nanocomposite Hydrogel Scaffolds

3D impresso celulose porosa nanocompósitos Hydrogel andaimes

This work demonstrates the use of three-dimensional (3D) printing to produce porous cubic scaffolds using cellulose nanocomposite hydrogel ink, with ...

A Human 3D Extracellular Matrix-Adipocyte Culture Model for Studying Matrix-Cell Metabolic Crosstalk

Um modelo de cultura de matriz-adipócito extracelular humano para estudar crosstalk metabólico de matriz e células

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a central role in regulating tissue homeostasis, engaging in crosstalk with cells and regulating multiple aspects of ...

Protocols of 3D Bioprinting of Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel Based Bioinks

Protocolos de bioimpressão 3D de bioinks baseados em hidrogel de gelatina

Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) has become a popular biomaterial in the field of bioprinting. The derivation of this material is gelatin, which is hydrolyzed ...

Using Multilayered Hydrogel Bioink in Three-Dimensional Bioprinting for Homogeneous Cell Distribution

Usando bioink de hidrogel multicamadas em bioimpressão tridimensional para distribuição celular homogênea

During the extrusion-based three-dimensional bioprinting process, liquid-like bioinks with low viscosity can protect cells from membrane damage induced by ...

Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure

Modelos avançados de fígado 3D para testes de genotoxicidade in vitro após exposição nanomaterial de longo prazo

Due to the rapid development and implementation of a diverse array of engineered nanomaterials (ENM), exposure to ENM is inevitable and the development of ...

3D Printing of In Vitro Hydrogel Microcarriers by Alternating Viscous-Inertial Force Jetting

3D Printing of In Vitro Hydrogel Microcarriers by Alternating Viscous-Inertial Force Jetting

Impressão 3D de Microcarriers de hidrogel in vitro alternando jatos de força viscosa-inercial

Microcarriers are beads with a diameter of 60-250 &#181;m and a large specific surface area, which are commonly used as carriers for large-scale cell ...