Name: single sensillum recordings for locust palp sensilla basiconica
Uploaded: 2018-06-23T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Single Sensillum Recordings for Locust Palp Sensilla Basiconica at JoVE.com

Dette arbeidet er støttet av et stipend fra National Natural Science Foundation av Kina (No.31472037). Nevne varenavn eller kommersielle produkter i denne artikkelen er utelukkende å gi informasjon, og innebærer ikke en anbefaling.

1. forberedelse av instrumenter og insekter
<ol><li>
Forbereder tungsten elektroder og stimuli
	<ol>
<li>Fikse en ny tungsten wire (på 0.125 mm, lengden på 75 mm) inn i en micromanipulator og skjerpe den i en 10% (w/v) natrium nitritt (NaNO2) løsning i en sprøyte på 10 V levert av en strømforsyning for ca 1 min under en stereomicroscope (40 X forstørrelse).</li>
		<li>Dypp skjerpet tungsten wire gjentatte ganger i 10% NaNO2 løsningen, rundt 4 mm på 5 V i < 1 min (<strong ...

<ol>
	<li>Carey, A. F., Carlson, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Insect+olfaction+from+model+systems+to+disease+control.">Insect olfaction from model systems to disease control.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 108 (32), 12987-12995 (2011).</li><li>Leal, W. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Odorant+reception+in+insects:+roles+of+receptors,+binding+proteins,+and+degrading+enzymes.">Odorant reception in insects: roles of receptors, binding proteins, and degrading enzymes.</a> Annual Review of Entomology. 58, 373-391 (2013).</li><li>Zhang, J., Walker, W. B., Wang, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pheromone+reception+in+moths:+from+molecules+to+behaviors.">Pheromone reception in moths: from molecules to behaviors.</a> Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science. 130, 109-128 (2015).</li><li>Vosshall, L. B., Amrein, H., Morozov, P. S., Rzhetsky, A., Axel, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+spatial+map+of+olfactory+receptor+expression+in+the+Drosophila+antenna.">A spatial map of olfactory receptor expression in the Drosophila antenna.</a> Cell. 96 (5), 725-736 (1999).</li><li>Benton, R., Vannice, K. S., Gomez-Diaz, C., Vosshall, L. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Variant+ionotropic+glutamate+receptors+as+chemosensory+receptors+in+Drosophila.">Variant ionotropic glutamate receptors as chemosensory receptors in Drosophila.</a> Cell. 136 (1), 149-162 (2009).</li><li>Vosshall, L. B., Stocker, R. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+architecture+of+smell+and+taste+in+Drosophila.">Molecular architecture of smell and taste in Drosophila.</a> Annual Review of Neuroscience. 30, 505-533 (2007).</li><li>de Bruyne, M., Foster, K., Carlson, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Odor+coding+in+the+Drosophila+antenna.">Odor coding in the Drosophila antenna.</a> Neuron. 30, 537-552 (2001).</li><li>Roelofs, W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sex+pheromone+production+and+perception+in+European+corn+borer+moths+is+determined+by+both+autosomal+and+sex-linked+genes.">Sex pheromone production and perception in European corn borer moths is determined by both autosomal and sex-linked genes.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 84 (21), 7585-7589 (1987).</li><li>Larsson, M. C., Leal, W. S., Hansson, B. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Olfactory+receptor+neurons+detecting+plant+odours+and+male+volatiles+in+Anomala+cuprea+beetles+(Coleoptera:+Scarabaeidae).">Olfactory receptor neurons detecting plant odours and male volatiles in Anomala cuprea beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).</a> Journal of Insect Physiology. 47 (9), 1065-1076 (2001).</li><li>Zhang, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Molecular+basis+of+alarm+pheromone+detection+in+aphids.">Molecular basis of alarm pheromone detection in aphids.</a> Current Biology. 27 (1), 55-61 (2017).</li><li>Cui, X., Wu, C., Zhang, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrophysiological+response+patterns+of+16+olfactory+neurons+from+the+trichoid+sensilla+to+odorant+from+fecal+volatiles+in+the+locust,+Locusta+migratoria+manilensis.">Electrophysiological response patterns of 16 olfactory neurons from the trichoid sensilla to odorant from fecal volatiles in the locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis.</a> Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology. 77 (2), 45-57 (2011).</li><li>Sharma, K. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cuticular+hydrocarbon+pheromones+for+social+behavior+and+their+coding+in+the+ant+antenna.">Cuticular hydrocarbon pheromones for social behavior and their coding in the ant antenna.</a> Cell Reports. 12 (8), 1261-1271 (2015).</li><li>de Bruyne, M., Clyne, P. J., Carlson, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Odor+coding+in+a+model+olfactory+organ:+the+Drosophila+maxillary+palp.">Odor coding in a model olfactory organ: the Drosophila maxillary palp.</a> Journal of Neuroscience. 19 (11), 4520-4532 (1999).</li><li>Syed, Z., Leal, W. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Maxillary+palps+are+broad+spectrum+odorant+detectors+in+Culex+quinquefasciatus.">Maxillary palps are broad spectrum odorant detectors in Culex quinquefasciatus.</a> Chemical Senses. 32 (8), 727-738 (2007).</li><li>Lu, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Odor+coding+in+the+maxillary+palp+of+the+malaria+vector+mosquito+Anopheles+gambiae.">Odor coding in the maxillary palp of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles gambiae.</a> Current Biology. 17 (18), 1533-1544 (2007).</li><li>Pellegrino, M., Nakagawa, T., Vosshall, L. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Single+sensillum+recordings+in+the+insects+Drosophila+melanogaster+and+Anopheles+gambiae.">Single sensillum recordings in the insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. 36, e1725 (2010).</li><li>Grant, A. J., Wigton, B. E., Aghajanian, J. G., O'Connell, R. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrophysiological+responses+of+receptor+neurons+in+mosquito+maxillary+palp+sensilla+to+carbon+dioxide.">Electrophysiological responses of receptor neurons in mosquito maxillary palp sensilla to carbon dioxide.</a> Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 177 (4), 389-396 (1995).</li><li>Blaney, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+ultrastructure+of+an+olfactory+sensillum+on+the+maxillary+palps+of+Locusta+migratoria+(L.).">The ultrastructure of an olfactory sensillum on the maxillary palps of Locusta migratoria (L.).</a> Cell and Tissue Research. 184 (3), 397-409 (1977).</li><li>Hassanali, A., Njagi, P. G. N., Bashir, M. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemical+ecology+of+locusts+and+related+acridids.">Chemical ecology of locusts and related acridids.</a> Annual Review of Entomology. 50, 223-245 (2005).</li><li>Chapman, R. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Contact+chemoreception+in+feeding+by+phytophagous+insects.">Contact chemoreception in feeding by phytophagous insects.</a> Annual Review of Entomology. 48, 455-484 (2003).</li><li>Chapman, R. F., Sword, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+importance+of+palpation+in+food+selection+by+a+polyphagous+grasshopper+(Orthoptera:+Acrididae).">The importance of palpation in food selection by a polyphagous grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae).</a> Journal of Insect Behavior. 6, 79-91 (1993).</li><li>Winstanley, C., Blaney, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Chemosensory+mechanisms+of+locusts+in+relation+to+feeding.">Chemosensory mechanisms of locusts in relation to feeding.</a> Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 24, 750-758 (1978).</li><li>Blaney, W., Duckett, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+significance+of+palpation+by+the+maxillary+palps+of+Locusta+migratoria+(L.):+an+electrophysiological+and+behavioural+study.">The significance of palpation by the maxillary palps of Locusta migratoria (L.): an electrophysiological and behavioural study.</a> Journal of Experimental Biology. 63, 701-712 (1975).</li><li>Blaney, W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrophysiological+responses+of+the+terminal+sensilla+on+the+maxillary+palps+of+Locusta+migratoria+(L.)+to+some+electrolytes+and+non-electrolytes.">Electrophysiological responses of the terminal sensilla on the maxillary palps of Locusta migratoria (L.) to some electrolytes and non-electrolytes.</a> Journal of Experimental Biology. 60, 275-293 (1974).</li><li>Jin, X., Zhang, S., Zhang, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Expression+of+odorant-binding+and+chemosensory+proteins+and+spatial+map+of+chemosensilla+on+labial+palps+of+Locusta+migratoria+(Orthoptera:+Acrididae).">Expression of odorant-binding and chemosensory proteins and spatial map of chemosensilla on labial palps of Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae).</a> Anthropod Structure &amp; Development. 35 (1), 47-56 (2006).</li><li>Zhang, L., Li, H., Zhang, L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Two+olfactory+pathways+to+detect+aldehydes+on+locust+mouthpart.">Two olfactory pathways to detect aldehydes on locust mouthpart.</a> International Journal of Biological Sciences. 13 (6), 759-771 (2017).</li><li>Dweck, H. K. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Olfactory+channels+associated+with+the+Drosophila+maxillary+palp+mediate+short-+and+long-range+attraction.">Olfactory channels associated with the Drosophila maxillary palp mediate short- and long-range attraction.</a> eLife. 5, e14925 (2016).</li><li>Bohbot, J. D., Sparks, J. T., Dickens, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+maxillary+palp+of+Aedes+aegypti,+a+model+of+multisensory+Integration.">The maxillary palp of Aedes aegypti, a model of multisensory Integration.</a> Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 48, 29-39 (2014).</li><li>Delventhal, R., Kiely, A., Carlson, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrophysiological+recording+from+Drosophila+labellar+taste+sensilla.">Electrophysiological recording from Drosophila labellar taste sensilla.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. 84, e51355 (2014).</li><li>Ng, R., Lin, H. H., Wang, J. W., Su, C. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrophysiological+recording+from+Drosophila+trichoid+sensilla+in+response+to+odorants+of+low+volatility.">Electrophysiological recording from Drosophila trichoid sensilla in response to odorants of low volatility.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. 125, e56147 (2017).</li><li>Syed, Z., Leal, W. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Electrophysiological+measurements+from+a+moth+olfactory+system.">Electrophysiological measurements from a moth olfactory system.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. 49, e2489 (2011).</li><li>Saha, D., Leong, K., Katta, N., Raman, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multi-unit+recording+methods+to+characterize+neural+activity+in+the+locust+(Schistocerca+Americana)+olfactory+circuits.">Multi-unit recording methods to characterize neural activity in the locust (Schistocerca Americana) olfactory circuits.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. 71, e50139 (2013).</li><li>Liu, F., Liu, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Using+single+sensillum+recording+to+detect+olfactory+neuron+responses+of+bed+bugs+to+semiochemicals.">Using single sensillum recording to detect olfactory neuron responses of bed bugs to semiochemicals.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. 107, e53337 (2016).</li></ol>

Insekter er avhengige av palps å oppdage mat lukt, og deres palps antas å spille en viktig rolle i artsdannelse13,27. Palps er enkel olfactory organer og får stadig oppmerksomhet som en attraktiv modell for utforskning av neuromolecular nettverk underliggende chemosensation28.
Insekt labellar og palp SSRs har blitt utført på Drosophila melanogaster, Anopheles gambiaeog Culex quinquefas...

Dyr har utviklet en rekke chemosensory organer som forstand eksogene kjemiske signaler. I insekter er de viktigste chemosensory organene antennene og palps. På disse organene, er flere typer chemosensory hår, kalt chemosensory sensilla, innerveres av chemosensory neurons (CSNs) i hårene. CSNs i chemosensory sensilla gjenkjenner bestemte kjemiske signaler gjennom signaltransduksjon fra kjemiske stimuli til elektriske potensial som deretter overføres til sentralnervesystemet systemer1,2,3 .
CSNs express ulike chemosensory reseptorer [f.eksodorant reseptorer (ORs)], ionotropic reseptorer (IRs) og gustatory reseptorer (GRs) på deres membraner, som kodes eksogene kjemiske signaler forbundet med ulike typer chemosensation 4,5,6. Karakterisering av CSNs er nøkkelen til utviklingen av mobilnettet og molekylære mekanismer av insekt chemoreception. Nå enkelt sensillum opptak (SSR) er en mye brukt teknikk for karakterisering av insekt CSNs i de antennal sensilla av mange insekter, inkludert flyr7, biller møll8,9, bladlus10, gresshopper11, og maur12. Imidlertid få studier har brukt en SSR insekt palps13,14,15,16,17, fordi bestemt strukturer av deres sensilla gjøre en elektrofysiologiske opptak vanskelig18.
Svermer av gresshopper (Orthoptera) føre ofte til alvorlige beskjære skade og økonomisk tap19. Palps antas å spille en viktig rolle i mat valg av gresshopper,20,,21,,22,,23,,24. To typer chemosensory sensilla er undersøkt av en scanning elektron mikroskop (SEM). 350 sensilla chaetica og 7-8 sensilla basiconica er vanligvis observert på hver kuppel av locust palps18. Sensilla chaetica er gustatory sensilla som forstand permanent kjemiske signaler, mens sensilla basiconica har en olfactory funksjon, sensing flyktige kjemiske signaler.
Locust palps, diameter av de håret av sensilla basiconica (ca. 12 µm), er mye større enn sensilla chaetica (ca. 8 µm)18,25. Cuticular veggen av sensilla basiconica på palps er mye tykkere enn antennal sensilla18. I tillegg har kuppelen på palp væske innholdet i en svært fleksibel cuticle. Disse egenskapene bety at en penetrasjon med en microelectrode og en anskaffelse av god elektrofysiologiske signaler er vanskeligere enn for antennal sensilla. I denne utredningen er en detaljert og effektiv SSR protokoll for locust palp sensilla basiconica presentert med en video.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:1145px;" width="1145">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:303px;">Tungsten wire</td>
			<td style="width:140px;">ADVENT</td>
			<td style="width:217px;">W559504</td>
			<td style="width:485px;">Used for making the electrode and fixing the palp</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">NaNO2</td>
			<td>Sigma-aldrich</td>
			<td>563218-25G</td>
			<td>Used for sharpening the tungsten wire</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">AC Power Supply</td>
			<td>Syntech</td>
			<td>A2-70</td>
			<td>Providing the voltage in sharpening the tungsten wire</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Stereoscope</td>
			<td>Motic</td>
			<td>SMZ-163</td>
			<td>Used for observing the sharpening of tungsten wire</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>W-51</td>
			<td>Used for observing the sensilla on locust maxillary palp</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Intelligent Data Acquisition Controller</td>
			<td>Syntech</td>
			<td>IDAC-4</td>
			<td>Real-time on screen display of all signals before and during recording</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Stimulus controller</td>
			<td>Syntech</td>
			<td>CS-55</td>
			<td>Used for controlling the stimulus application</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Electronic micromanipulator</td>
			<td>C.M.D.T</td>
			<td>CFT-8301D</td>
			<td>Used for minor movement of the recording electrode</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Micromanipulator</td>
			<td>Narishige</td>
			<td>MN-151</td>
			<td>Used for minor movement of the reference electrode</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Speaker</td>
			<td>EDIFIER</td>
			<td>R101T06</td>
			<td>Connected with IDAC-4 and providing sound for the signal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Magnetic base</td>
			<td>PDOK</td>
			<td>PD-101</td>
			<td>Used to hold the electrode, and stimulus delivery tube</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Vibration Isolation Table</td>
			<td>TianHe</td>
			<td>HAP-100-1208</td>
			<td>Used for isolating the vibration from the equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Glass slide</td>
			<td>CITOGLAS</td>
			<td>ZBP-407</td>
			<td>Used for making the base for the MPH</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Blu-tack</td>
			<td>Bostik</td>
			<td>Blu-tack-45g</td>
			<td>Fixing the tungsten wire</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="32">
			<td height="32" style="height:32px;">Pasteur tube</td>
			<td>YARE</td>
			<td>WITEG</td>
			<td>Placing the filter paper containing stimuli solutions</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

single sensillum recordings for locust palp sensilla basiconica

Palps av locust munndeler anses å være konvensjonelle gustatory organer som spiller en viktig rolle i en locust utvalg spesielt for påvisning av permanente kjemiske signaler gjennom sensilla chaetica (tidligere kalt terminal sensilla eller crested sensilla). Det er nå økende bevis for at disse palps også har en olfactory funksjon. En odorant reseptor (LmigOR2) og en odorant-binding protein (LmigOBP1) er lokalisert i nerveceller og tilbehøret celler, henholdsvis i sensilla basiconica av palps. Enkelt sensillum opptak (SSR) brukes for opptak svarene på odorant reseptor neurons, som er en effektiv metode for screening aktive ligander på bestemte odorant reseptorer. SSR brukes i funksjonelle studier av odorant reseptorer i palp sensilla. Strukturen i sensilla basiconica ligger på kuppelen av palps avviker noe fra strukturen av på antenner. Derfor, når du utfører en SSR brakt frem av odorants, noen spesifikke råd kan være nyttig for å oppnå optimale resultater. I dette papiret introdusert en detaljert og effektiv protokoll for en SSR fra insekt palp sensilla basiconica.

To sensilla deltyper (pb1 og pb2) på locust maxillary palp identifiseres basert på forskjellige svar dynamics til kjemiske odorants (10% 1-nonanol og 10% nonanoic acid). Neurons i pb1 produsere betydelig mer toppene til 1-nonanol enn å nonanoic syre mens neurons i pb2 er betydelig mindre aktivert av 1-nonanol sammenlignet med nonanoic syre (Figur 4). Hexanal og E-2-Hexenal kan vekke en locust palp åpne svar (POR)26. Hexanal er en r...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Single Sensillum Recordings for Locust Palp Sensilla Basiconica at JoVE.com

Single Sensillum Recordings for Locust Palp Sensilla Basiconica

Dette dokumentet beskriver en detaljert og effektiv protokoll for enkelt sensillum opptak fra sensilla basiconica på palps av insekt munndeler.

Enkelt Sensillum innspillinger for Locust Palp Sensilla Basiconica

The palps of locust mouthparts are considered to be conventional gustatory organs that play an important role in a locust&#39;s food selection, especially ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Single Sensillum Recordings in the Insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae

Single Sensillum Recordings in the Insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae

The sense of smell is essential for insects to find foods, mates, predators, and oviposition sites3. Insect olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) are enclosed ...

Single-unit In vivo Recordings from the Optic Chiasm of Rat

Single-unit In vivo Recordings from the Optic Chiasm of Rat

Information about the visual world is transmitted to the brain in sequences of action potentials in retinal ganglion cell axons that make up the optic ...

Electrophysiology of Scorpion Peg Sensilla

We describe a modification of an existing tip-recording technique1,2 for electrophysiologically investigating short, peg-like sensory sensilla3,4. On the ...

Multi-unit Recording Methods to Characterize Neural Activity in the Locust (Schistocerca Americana) Olfactory Circuits

Multi-unit Recording Methods to Characterize Neural Activity in the Locust Schistocerca Americana Olfactory Circuits

Multi-enheten opptaket Metoder for å karakterisere nevrale aktiviteten i Locust (<em&gt; Schistocerca Americana</em&gt;) Olfactory kretser

Detection and interpretation of olfactory cues are critical for the survival  of many organisms. Remarkably, species across phyla have strikingly similar ...

A Procedure for Implanting Organized Arrays of Microwires for Single-unit Recordings in Awake, Behaving Animals

En prosedyre for Implanting Organiserte Arrays av Microwires for Single-unit Recordings i Awake, Oppfører Dyr

In vivo electrophysiological recordings in the awake, behaving animal provide a powerful method for understanding neural signaling at the single-cell ...

Electrophysiological Recording From Drosophila Labellar Taste Sensilla

Electrophysiological Recording From Drosophila Labellar Taste Sensilla

Elektro Opptak fra<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Labellar Smak sensilla

The peripheral taste response of insects can be powerfully investigated with electrophysiological techniques. The method described here allows the ...

Paired Whole Cell Recordings in Organotypic Hippocampal Slices

Sammenkoblede hele cellen Recordings i organotypic hippocampus Slices

Pair recordings involve simultaneous whole cell patch clamp recordings from two synaptically connected neurons, enabling not only direct ...

Using Single Sensillum Recording to Detect Olfactory Neuron Responses of Bed Bugs to Semiochemicals

Bruke Enkelt Sensillum opptak til Detect Olfactory Neuron Responses av veggedyr til Semiochemicals

The insect olfactory system plays an important role in detecting semiochemicals in the environment. In particular, the antennal sensilla which house ...

Localization of Odorant Receptor Genes in Locust Antennae by RNA In Situ Hybridization

Localization of Odorant Receptor Genes in Locust Antennae by RNA In Situ Hybridization

Lokalisering av luktningsmiddelreceptorgener i Locust Antenna av RNA<em&gt; I situ</em&gt; Hybridisering

Insects have evolved sophisticated olfactory reception systems to sense exogenous chemical signals. These chemical signals are transduced by Olfactory ...

Electrophysiological Recording from Drosophila Trichoid Sensilla in Response to Odorants of Low Volatility

Electrophysiological Recording from Drosophila Trichoid Sensilla in Response to Odorants of Low Volatility

Elektrofysiologisk opptak fra<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Trichoid Sensilla som svar på luktstoffer med lav volatilitet

Insects rely on their sense of smell to guide a wide range of behaviors that are critical for their survival, such as food-seeking, predator avoidance, ...