Name: echocardiographic measurement of right ventricular diastolic parameters in mouse
Uploaded: 2019-04-27T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Echocardiographic Measurement of Right Ventricular Diastolic Parameters in Mouse at JoVE.com

这项研究由路德维希·博尔茨曼肺血管研究所资助。

该研究根据国家动物实验法规和欧盟指令2010/63进行。准备设备,如之前由布里坦等人8所述。
1. 鼠标准备
<ol><li>获得12至13周大的雄性C57Bl6/J小鼠,并在恒定的室温下,以12小时光/暗循环,并可使用标准实验室的巧克力和水,直至实验开始。</li>
	<li>使用研究所批准的一般麻醉麻醉小鼠麻醉,并检查对脚趾捏合缺乏反应。在轻度麻醉下,用亚曲尼0.8%~1.2%将鼠标固?...

<ol>
	<li>Egemnazarov, B., Crnkovic, S., Nagy, B. M., Olschewski, H., Kwapiszewska, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Right+ventricular+fibrosis+and+dysfunction:+Actual+concepts+and+common+misconceptions.">Right ventricular fibrosis and dysfunction: Actual concepts and common misconceptions.</a> Matrix Biology: Journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology. 68-69, 507-521 (2018).</li><li>Rain, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Right+ventricular+diastolic+impairment+in+patients+with+pulmonary+arterial+hypertension.">Right ventricular diastolic impairment in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.</a> Circulation. 128, 1-10 (2013).</li><li>Egemnazarov, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pressure+overload+creates+right+ventricular+diastolic+dysfunction+in+a+mouse+model:+assessment+by+echocardiography.">Pressure overload creates right ventricular diastolic dysfunction in a mouse model: assessment by echocardiography.</a> Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. 28, 828-843 (2015).</li><li>Crnkovic, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functional+and+molecular+factors+associated+with+TAPSE+in+hypoxic+pulmonary+hypertension.">Functional and molecular factors associated with TAPSE in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.</a> American Journal of Physiology. 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Q., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comprehensive+transthoracic+cardiac+imaging+in+mice+using+ultrasound+biomicroscopy+with+anatomical+confirmation+by+magnetic+resonance+imaging.">Comprehensive transthoracic cardiac imaging in mice using ultrasound biomicroscopy with anatomical confirmation by magnetic resonance imaging.</a> Physiological Genomics. 18, 232-244 (2004).</li><li>Brittain, E., Penner, N. L., West, J., Hemnes, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Echocardiographic+assessment+of+the+right+heart+in+mice.">Echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in mice.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. (81), e50912 (2013).</li><li>Kitchen, C. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nonparametric+vs+parametric+tests+of+location+in+biomedical+research.">Nonparametric vs parametric tests of location in biomedical research.</a> American Journal of Ophthalmology. 147, 571-572 (2009).</li><li>Yan, F., Robert, M., Li, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Statistical+methods+and+common+problems+in+medical+or+biomedical+science+research.">Statistical methods and common problems in medical or biomedical science research.</a> International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology. 9, 157-163 (2017).</li><li>Guihaire, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Non-invasive+indices+of+right+ventricular+function+are+markers+of+ventricular-arterial+coupling+rather+than+ventricular+contractility:+insights+from+a+porcine+model+of+chronic+pressure+overload.">Non-invasive indices of right ventricular function are markers of ventricular-arterial coupling rather than ventricular contractility: insights from a porcine model of chronic pressure overload.</a> European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging. 14, 1140-1149 (2013).</li><li>Sareen, N., Ananthasubramaniam, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Strain+Imaging:+From+Physiology+to+Practical+Applications+in+Daily+Practice.">Strain Imaging: From Physiology to Practical Applications in Daily Practice.</a> Cardiology in Review. 24, 56-69 (2016).</li><li>Thavendiranathan, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+myocardial+strain+imaging+by+echocardiography+for+the+early+detection+of+cardiotoxicity+in+patients+during+and+after+cancer+chemotherapy:+a+systematic+review.">Use of myocardial strain imaging by echocardiography for the early detection of cardiotoxicity in patients during and after cancer chemotherapy: a systematic review.</a> Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 63, 2751-2768 (2014).</li><li>Sengelov, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Global+Longitudinal+Strain+Is+a+Superior+Predictor+of+All-Cause+Mortality+in+Heart+Failure+With+Reduced+Ejection+Fraction.">Global Longitudinal Strain Is a Superior Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction.</a> JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging. 8, 1351-1359 (2015).</li><li>Silvani, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Physiological+Mechanisms+Mediating+the+Coupling+between+Heart+Period+and+Arterial+Pressure+in+Response+to+Postural+Changes+in+Humans.">Physiological Mechanisms Mediating the Coupling between Heart Period and Arterial Pressure in Response to Postural Changes in Humans.</a> Frontiers in Physiology. 8, 163 (2017).</li><li>Mohan, M., Anandh, B., Thombre, D. 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对辅助伞位置的超声心动图RV功能和尺寸评估进行了很好的描述。相比之下,由于技术上的困难,小鼠超声心动图中的尖顶位置被忽视了。使用水平平台位置,很难获得足够的声窗进行四室视图成像。为了便于这个位置的成像,平台可以向左倾斜,类似于患者的左侧定位。这应该导致心脏的向左和更优越的定位,从而改善声学窗口。因此,LeCa 是我们可视化的标准化位置。然而,在大约30%~35%的小鼠中,此位置?...

舒张功能障碍是右心室 (RV) 改造1的一个显著特征,与压力过载条件2相关。回声心动图(EchoCG)可用于对RV舒张功能障碍的表征3,4。尽管小动物超声心动图最近取得了发展,但舒张参数的测量很少报告。相比之下,收缩功能的测量被广泛用于转基因小鼠5的表征,以及治疗反应6的评估。
这部分可以解释为从四室视图测量舒张参数的困难。通过倾斜固定平台 LeCa 或 RiCr,可以促进此位置的心脏的可视化。即使使用这些操作,回声心动学家也不会在4,7的手稿中报告它们。因此,这些操作是否提供可比结果仍不清楚。此外,这也排除了为小鼠开发这一位置的标准化命名法。
本研究的目的是描述两个位置,用于四室视图可视化,并比较其结果。为了确定两个位置之间的差异,我们使用了小鼠肺动脉带状(PAB)模型,其中,一个钛夹导致肺动脉的部分闭塞。这种遮挡导致右心室重塑和功能障碍。PAB 操作的完整详细信息可在以前发布的工作3中找到。沙姆操作的小鼠,其中夹子被放置在肺动脉旁边,用于比较。EchoCG 调查在手术后三周使用具有 30 MHz 扫描头的成像系统进行(参见两者的材料表)。 描述小鼠和超声波束之间位置和方向的命名法,如周等人所描述的那样。

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echocardiographic measurement of right ventricular diastolic parameters in mouse

舒张功能障碍是与压力过载条件相关的右心室 (RV) 改造的一个显著特征。然而,RV舒张功能在实验研究中很少量化。这可能是由于在啮齿动物的四室视图中,RV的可视化技术困难。在这里,我们描述了两个位置,有助于可视化小鼠的四室视图,以评估 RV 舒张功能。
通过将鼠标固定平台向左倾斜和向右倾斜 (LeCa) 或向右倾斜(RiCr),启用了锥形四室视图。两个位置都提供质量相当的图像。从两个位置获得的 RV 舒张函数的结果没有显著差异。这两个位置都相当容易执行。该协议可以合并到已发布的协议中,并支持对 RV 函数进行详细调查。

在小鼠中很难获得四室视图。因此,操作平台位置可以帮助可视化心脏通过改变其在胸部的位置。平台向左和向右倾斜改善了声学窗口,并提供了 B 模式下质量相当的图像(图 1)。获得正确位置后,PW、M 和 TDI 模式的测量提供了质量相当的图像(图 2)。对假和PAB操作的小鼠进行了舒张参数的测量(表1)。两个位置(RiCr 和 LeCa)...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Echocardiographic Measurement of Right Ventricular Diastolic Parameters in Mouse at JoVE.com

Echocardiographic Measurement of Right Ventricular Diastolic Parameters in Mouse

小鼠右心室舒张参数的超声心电图测量

在这里,我们描述和比较两个位置,以获得小鼠的四室视图。这些位置能够量化右侧心室功能,提供可比较的结果,并可互换使用。

Diastolic dysfunction is a prominent feature of right ventricular (RV) remodeling associated with conditions of pressure overload. However, the RV ...

通常，只有 65 到 70% 的被调查的小鼠才能对四室视图进行可视化。该技术的主要优点是，两个倾斜位置的组合使用使得几乎所有被调查的小鼠都能够申请。在小鼠达到适当的光镇合水平后，将鼠标固定在加热平台上，并在四肢上涂抹电极凝胶，以持续监测心率和温度。用脱毛霜去除胸毛，并在传感器尖端涂抹一层超声波耦合凝胶。对于左侧和考达尔平台倾斜的四室视图，将平台向左倾斜 10 至 15 度，在 10 到 15 度之间倾斜。将传感器位于成像平面的顶点上方，45 度至日冕平面，超声波束的中轴在颅后和左侧定向。按 B 模式按钮可激活 B 模式以去成像，并定位声学窗口上的左心室、左心房、右心室、右中庭、手套阀和三粘阀。为了确保您处于正确的位置，沿日冕平面上下滑动传感器。操纵日冕平面中的想象平面，围绕中轴旋转时钟和逆时针旋转，直到两个心室在其最长尺寸上可视化，并且两个心室都可见以获得四个室视图。按 cine 商店保存录制。然后按扫描冻结暂停系统。测量横流血流速度按扫描冻结激活系统，按叠加几次，以激活后波模式的样本体积。使用四室成像视图，使用轨迹球将样品体积定位在三叶虫阀的开口位置，然后单击脉冲波模式以测量流入速度。单击 cine 商店以保存优化的录制，然后扫描冻结以暂停系统。要测量三环状平面收缩偏移，请单击扫描冻结以激活系统并切换到 B 模式。可能需要对图像进行某些操作，以恢复正确的四室视图。单击叠加多次以激活 M 模式的采样体积，并使用轨迹球将样本体积与三叶虫环的横向部分对齐。使用轨迹球拉取样品体积的边缘，直到心脏循环期间心脏运动的整个振幅被覆盖。并激活 M 模式。三环环运动应显示为波浪，然后单击 cine store 以保存录制并扫描冻结以暂停系统。用于测量组织多普勒参数激活系统和 B 模式。单击多次叠加以激活组织多普勒成像的样本体积，并使用轨迹球将样本体积与三叶虫环的横向部分对齐，使右心室自由壁创建三叶虫阀的角度。拉取样品的边缘以调整样品体积，以包括环形的收缩和舒张极端位置，然后单击组织以激活组织多普勒成像模式。然后单击 cine 商店保存录制并扫描冻结以暂停系统。将平台向左和向右倾斜可改善声学窗口，并在 B 模式下在健康和患病的小鼠心脏中提供具有同等质量的图像。在获得正确位置后，M模式、组织多普勒成像模式和脉冲波模式下的测量结果提供具有类似质量的图像，在健康心脏和患病心脏的右颅或左颅平台位置获得类似的舒张参数结果。此外，相关分析揭示了从这两个便利头寸获得的值之间的良好一致。在尝试此程序时，重要的是要记住，超声心动图是一种非侵入性技术，用于评估心脏功能。按照这个程序，组织样本可以在生理测量后收集，以回答有关形态基质或心脏功能障碍的分子机制的其他问题。这项技术为肺高血压领域的研究人员利用小鼠肺高血压模型探索右心室适应压力过载的机制铺平了道路。为了在实验之间获得可产生的结果，严格控制动物的生理参数，如心率和体温，保持麻醉水平尽可能肤浅，以尽量减少对心脏功能的影响。

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart in Mice

右心小鼠的超声心动图评价

Transgenic and toxic models of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are widely used to study the pathophysiology of PAH and to investigate potential ...

科研

医学

Assessment of Right Ventricular Structure and Function in Mouse Model of Pulmonary Artery Constriction by Transthoracic Echocardiography

右心室结构和功能的肺动脉缩窄经胸超声小鼠模型的评估

Emerging clinical data support the notion that RV dysfunction is critical to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and heart failure1-3. Moreover, ...

Measurement of the Pressure-volume Curve in Mouse Lungs

In recent decades the mouse has become the primary animal model of a variety of lung diseases. In models of emphysema or fibrosis, the essential ...

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压和右心室功能的仔猪评估

An original piglet model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) associated with chronic Right Ventricular (RV) dysfunction is described. ...

Assessment of Cardiac Morphological and Functional Changes in Mouse Model of Transverse Aortic Constriction by Echocardiographic Imaging

在横向主动脉缩窄的小鼠模型和心脏形态学评估功能改变通过超声心动图成像

Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice has been used as a valuable model to study mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure1. A reliable ...

Assessment of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Reserve and Intracellular Diastolic Calcium Removal in Isolated Ventricular Cardiomyocytes

肌网钙储备与细胞内舒张钙在心室肌细胞中的分离评价

Intracellular calcium recycling plays a critical role in regulation of systolic and diastolic function in cardiomyocytes. Cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum ...

Echocardiographic and Histological Examination of Cardiac Morphology in the Mouse

超声心动图与小鼠心脏形态学的组织学检查

An increasing number of genetically modified mouse models has become available in recent years. Moreover, the number of pharmacological studies performed ...

A Pulmonary Trunk Banding Model of Pressure Overload Induced Right Ventricular Hypertrophy and Failure

压力超载诱发右室肥厚和衰竭的肺动脉扣条柱模型

Right ventricular (RV) failure induced by sustained pressure overload is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in several cardiopulmonary ...

Transthoracic Echocardiographic Examination in the Rabbit Model

兔子模型中的跨胸超声心动图检查

Large animal models such as the rabbit are valuable for translational preclinical research. Rabbits have a similar cardiac electrophysiology compared to ...

Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment for the Right Ventricular System and Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Mice

小鼠右心室系统及缺氧诱发肺动脉高血压的侵入性血液动力学评估

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic and severe cardiopulmonary disorder. Mice are a popular animal model used to mimic this disease. ...