Name: quantitative cell biology of neurodegeneration in drosophila through unbiased analysis of fluorescently tagged proteins using imagej
Uploaded: 2018-08-03T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantitative Cell Biology of Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Through Unbiased Analysis of Fluorescently Tagged Proteins Using ImageJ at JoVE.com

Dette arbejde er støttet af Sheila og David Fuente neuropatiske smerter forskning Program Graduate stipendium (til J.M.B.), Lois Pope LIFE Fellows Program (til CL, Y.Z. og J.M.B.), Snyder-Robinson Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship (til CL), John Therkelsen . Macdonald Foundation (til CL), kontrakter, tilskud fra National Institutes Health (NIH) HHSN268201300038C, R21GM119018 og R56NS095893 (til R.G.Z.), og af Taishan Scholar projekt (Shandong provinsen, People's Republic af Kina) (til R.G.Z.).

1. overvejelser og forberedelser til at designe billede analyse eksperiment
<ol><li>Forudbestemme egnet anatomiske, cellulær eller subcellulært markører til at tjene som vartegn for standardisering en region af interesse (ROI) på tværs af forskellige prøver, for eksempel 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), membran markører, lokaliserede fluorescerende protein, osv.
</li>
	<li>Vælg en fluorescerende markør, der kan afgrænse diskrete puncta ud over baggrundsniveauer for strukturen af interesse. B...

<ol>
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W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=NIH+Image+to+ImageJ:+25+years+of+image+analysis.">NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis.</a> Nature methods. 9 (7), 671 (2012).</li><li>Mauvezin, C., Ayala, C., Braden, C. R., Kim, J., Neufeld, T. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Assays+to+monitor+autophagy+in+Drosophila.">Assays to monitor autophagy in Drosophila.</a> Methods. 68 (1), 134-139 (2014).</li><li>Weiss, K. R., Kimura, Y., Lee, W. -. C. M., Littleton, J. 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A Golgi analysis of wild-type structure.</a> Cell and tissue research. 258 (3), 441-475 (1989).</li><li>Ruan, K., Zhu, Y., Li, C., Brazill, J. M., Zhai, R. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alternative+splicing+of+Drosophila+Nmnat+functions+as+a+switch+to+enhance+neuroprotection+under+stress.">Alternative splicing of Drosophila Nmnat functions as a switch to enhance neuroprotection under stress.</a> Nature Communications. 6, 10057 (2015).</li><li>Zhai, R. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=NAD+synthase+NMNAT+acts+as+a+chaperone+to+protect+against+neurodegeneration.">NAD synthase NMNAT acts as a chaperone to protect against neurodegeneration.</a> Nature. 452 (7189), 887 (2008).</li><li>Li, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Spermine+synthase+deficiency+causes+lysosomal+dysfunction+and+oxidative+stress+in+models+of+Snyder-Robinson+syndrome.">Spermine synthase deficiency causes lysosomal dysfunction and oxidative stress in models of Snyder-Robinson syndrome.</a> Nat Commun. 8 (1), 1257 (2017).</li><li>Prokop, A., Meinertzhagen, I. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+and+structure+of+synaptic+contacts+in+Drosophila.">Development and structure of synaptic contacts in Drosophila.</a> Semin Cell Dev Biol. 17 (1), 20-30 (2006).</li><li>Maday, S., Holzbaur, E. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Autophagosome+biogenesis+in+primary+neurons+follows+an+ordered+and+spatially+regulated+pathway.">Autophagosome biogenesis in primary neurons follows an ordered and spatially regulated pathway.</a> Dev Cell. 30 (1), 71-85 (2014).</li><li>Mizushima, N., Yamamoto, A., Matsui, M., Yoshimori, T., Ohsumi, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=In+vivo+analysis+of+autophagy+in+response+to+nutrient+starvation+using+transgenic+mice+expressing+a+fluorescent+autophagosome+marker.">In vivo analysis of autophagy in response to nutrient starvation using transgenic mice expressing a fluorescent autophagosome marker.</a> Molecular biology of the cell. 15 (3), 1101-1111 (2004).</li><li>Lee, S., Sato, Y., Nixon, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Primary+lysosomal+dysfunction+causes+cargo-specific+deficits+of+axonal+transport+leading+to+Alzheimer-like+neuritic+dystrophy.">Primary lysosomal dysfunction causes cargo-specific deficits of axonal transport leading to Alzheimer-like neuritic dystrophy.</a> Autophagy. 7 (12), 1562-1563 (2011).</li><li>Vincent, L., Soille, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Watersheds+in+digital+spaces:+an+efficient+algorithm+based+on+immersion+simulations.">Watersheds in digital spaces: an efficient algorithm based on immersion simulations.</a> IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis &amp; Machine Intelligence. (6), 583-598 (1991).</li><li>Najman, L., Schmitt, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Geodesic+saliency+of+watershed+contours+and+hierarchical+segmentation.">Geodesic saliency of watershed contours and hierarchical segmentation.</a> IEEE Transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence. 18 (12), 1163-1173 (1996).</li><li>Shiber, A., Breuer, W., Ravid, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Flow+cytometric+quantification+and+characterization+of+intracellular+protein+aggregates+in+yeast.">Flow cytometric quantification and characterization of intracellular protein aggregates in yeast.</a> Prion. 8 (3), 276-284 (2014).</li><li>Mizushima, N., Yoshimori, T., Levine, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Methods+in+mammalian+autophagy+research.">Methods in mammalian autophagy research.</a> Cell. 140 (3), 313-326 (2010).</li></ol>

Den protokol, der er skitseret her kan bruges til håndfast og reproducerbar kvantificere celle biologiske processer visualiseret ved fluorescens-baseret tænkelig. Biologisk sammenhæng og tekniske begrænsninger skal overvejes nøje til at guide den eksperimenterende design. Fluorescerende markører for subcellulært strukturer af interesse, om immunhistokemiske, dye-baseret, eller genetisk udtrykt, skal skelnes over baggrunden af morfologi og intensitet. UAS/GAL4 system er meget udbredt at drive målrettet ge...

Neurodegenerative sygdomme rammer millioner af mennesker hvert år og forekomsten er stigende med en aldrende befolkning1. Mens hver neurodegenerativ sygdom har en unik ætiologi, er sammenlægning af fejlfoldede proteiner og fordelingen af proteostasis netværket fælles patologiske kendetegnende for mange af disse sygdomme. Belyse, hvordan afbrydelse af disse grundlæggende og indbyrdes forbundne processer går skævt er at bidrage til neuronal dysfunktion og celle død afgørende for forståelse neurodegenerative sygdomme samt vejlede terapeutiske indgreb. Fluorescens-baseret tænkelig giver mulighed for undersøgelse af disse komplekse og dynamiske processer i neuroner og har i høj grad bidraget til forståelsen af neuronal cellebiologi. Analyse af fluorescently mærket proteiner er udfordrende, især når eksperimenter udført i vivo, meget kompakt væv, forskellige celletyper og morfologiske heterogenitet. Manuelt assisteret kvantificering er overkommelige og ligetil, men er ofte tidskrævende og menneskelige bias. Derfor er der behov for en uvildig, reproducere og let tilgængelig tilgange til at udtrække kvantificerbare data fra billeddiagnostiske undersøgelser.
Vi har skitseret en enkel og smidig arbejdsgang ved hjælp af Fiji/ImageJ, en kraftfuld og frit tilgængelige billedbehandling software2,3, for at udtrække kvantitative data fra fluorescens imaging studier i eksperimentelle modeller af neurodegeneration bruger Drosophila. Ved at følge denne protokol for at kvantificere protein sammenlægning og autophagic flux — to cell biologiske funktioner, der er særdeles relevante for neurodegenerative sygdomme patologi — vi viste følsomhed og reproducerbarhed af denne fremgangsmåde. Analyse af fluorescently mærket mutant huntingtin (Htt) proteiner i Drosophila optik lap viste antal, størrelse og intensitet af protein aggregater. Vi visualiseres en tandem fluorescerende reporter fra autophagic flux i Drosophila visuelle system, som viser forskellige emission signaler afhængigt af afdelingsmæssig miljø4. Ratiometric-baseret analyse af tandem reporter tilladt for en kvantitativ og omfattende overblik over autophagy-lysosomet flux fra autophagosome formation, modning og transport til nedbrydning i lysosomet, og fremhævet desuden sårbare segmenter afbrudt i neurodegenerative betingelser. Vigtigere, i begge analyser gennemført vi semi-automatiske tærskel og segmentering trin i vores protokol at minimere bevidstløs bias, øge prøveudtagning magt, og levere en standard for at lette sammenligninger mellem lignende undersøgelser. Ligetil arbejdsprocessen er beregnet til at gøre kraftfulde Fiji/ImageJ plugins (udviklet af dataloger baseret på matematiske algoritmer) mere tilgængeligt for neurobiologists og biovidenskab samfundet som helhed.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1102">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="38">
			<td height="38" style="height:38px;width:347px;">SYLGARD(R) 184 Silicone Elastomer Kit</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Dow Corning Corporation</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">PF184250</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Dissection dish</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="38">
			<td height="38" style="height:38px;width:347px;">Falcon 35 mm Not TC-Treated Easy-Grip Style Bacteriological Petri Dish</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">351008</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Dissection dish</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">Dumont #5 Forceps</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">11251-20</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Dissection tool</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">Sodium Chloride</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">S3014</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">PBS solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">Sodium Phosphate Dibasic&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">S5136</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">PBS solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">Potassium Phosphate Monobasic</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">P5655</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">PBS solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">Triton&#160;X-100</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">T9284</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Washing and antibody incubaton solution.&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">37% Formaldehyde</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">10790-710</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Fixation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">Disposable Microcentrifuge Tubes (0.5mL, blue)</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">89000-022</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Fixation, washing, and antibody incubaton.&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">Plain and Frosted Micro Slides (25&#215;75mm)</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">48312-004</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Slides for confocal imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">Micro Cover Glasses, rectangular (22&#215;40mm)</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">VWR</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">48393-172</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Slides for confocal imaging</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">Rubber Cement</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Slime</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">1051-A</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Mounting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="38">
			<td height="38" style="height:38px;width:347px;">VECTASHIELD Antifade Mounting Medium</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Vector Laboratories, Inc.</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">H-1000</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Mounting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">Scotch Magic 810 Invisible Tape (19mm&#215;25.4m)</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">3M Company</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">810</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Mounting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="38">
			<td height="38" style="height:38px;width:347px;">Normal Goat Serum</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">PCN5000</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Antibody incubaton</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="76">
			<td height="76" style="height:76px;width:347px;">DAPI (4&#39;,6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole, Dihydrochloride)&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">D1306</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Nucleic acid staining. Dissolve in deionized water to make a 5 mg/mL stock solution and store at -80&#176;C. Dilute to a working concentration of 10-20 &#956;g/mL in PBTx.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="38">
			<td height="38" style="height:38px;width:347px;">3.5X-90X Stereo Zoom Inspection Industrial Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">AmScope</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">SM-1BNZ</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">Dissection scope. Equipped with 6W LED Dual Gooseneck Illuminator</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">ImageJ/Fiji</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">NIH</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">v1.51u</td>
			<td style="width:349px;">With SCF_MPI_CBG plugins (version 1.1.2)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:347px;">FV1000-IX81 Confocal-laser Scanning Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:164px;">Olympus</td>
			<td style="width:243px;"></td>
			<td style="width:349px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Recombinant Construct</td>
			<td>Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center</td>
			<td style="width:243px;">BL37749</td>
			<td style="width:349px;"></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

quantitative cell biology of neurodegeneration in drosophila through unbiased analysis of fluorescently tagged proteins using imagej

Med den stigende forekomst af neurodegenerative sygdomme er det stadig vigtigt at forstå de underliggende Patofysiologi, der fører til neuronal dysfunktion og tab. Fluorescens-baserede billedbehandling værktøjer og teknologier aktiverer hidtil uset analyse af subcellulært neurobiologiske processer, men der er stadig behov for uvildig, reproducere og let tilgængelig tilgange til at udtrække kvantificerbare data fra billeddiagnostiske undersøgelser . Vi har udviklet en enkel og fleksibel arbejdsproces for at udtrække kvantitative data fra fluorescens-baserede imaging studier ved hjælp af Drosophila modeller af neurodegeneration. Specifikt, vi beskriver en nem at følge, semi-automatiserede tilgang ved hjælp af Fiji/ImageJ for at analysere to cellulære processer: først skal vi kvantificere samlede proteinindhold og profil i Drosophila optik lobe ved hjælp af fluorescerende-tagged mutant huntingtin proteiner; og for det andet vurderer vi autophagy-lysosomet flux i Drosophila visuelle system med ratiometric-baserede kvantificeringen af en tandem fluorescerende reporter for autophagy. Vigtigere, indeholder protokollen skitseret her et semi-automatiske segmentering skridt for at sikre alle fluorescerende strukturer er analyseret at minimere udvalg bias og øge opløsningen af subtile sammenligninger. Denne fremgangsmåde kan udvides til analyse af andre celle biologiske strukturer og processer involveret i neurodegeneration, såsom proteinholdige puncta (stress granulat og synaptic komplekser), samt membran-bundet rum (mitokondrier og membran menneskehandel vesikler). Denne metode giver en standardiseret, men kan tilpasses referencepunkt til billedanalyse og kvantificering, og kunne lette pålidelighed og reproducerbarhed over marken, og i sidste ende forbedre mekanistisk forståelse af neurodegeneration.

Kvantificering af antal, område og intensiteten af fluorescently mærket mutante Htt aggregater i Drosophila optik lap
At undersøge fejlfoldede protein sammenlægning i centralnervesystemet af et Drosophila model af Huntington's chorea, RFP-tagged mutant menneskelige Htt med en ikke-patologiske (UAS-RFP-hHttQ15) eller patologiske ekspansion ( UAS-RFP-hHttQ138) og membran normal god landbrugspra...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Quantitative Cell Biology of Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Through Unbiased Analysis of Fluorescently Tagged Proteins Using ImageJ at JoVE.com

Quantitative Cell Biology of Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Through Unbiased Analysis of Fluorescently Tagged Proteins Using ImageJ

Kvantitative cellebiologi af Neurodegeneration i Drosophila gennem saglig analyse af Fluorescently mærket proteiner ved hjælp af ImageJ

Vi har udviklet en enkel og fleksibel arbejdsproces for at udtrække kvantitative data fra fluorescens-imaging-baserede celle biologiske undersøgelser af protein sammenlægning og autophagic flux i centralnervesystemet af Drosophila modeller af neurodegeneration.

With the rising prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, it is increasingly important to understand the underlying pathophysiology that leads to neuronal ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

Quantitative Cell Biology of Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Through Unbiased Analysis of Fluorescently Tagged Proteins Using ImageJ

Automated Sholl Analysis of Digitized Neuronal Morphology at Multiple Scales

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Assaying Locomotor, Learning, and Memory Deficits in Drosophila Models of Neurodegeneration

Assaying Locomotor, Learning, and Memory Deficits in Drosophila Models of Neurodegeneration

Advances in genetic methods have enabled the study of genes involved in human neurodegenerative diseases using Drosophila as a model system1. Most of ...

Quantitative Analysis of Synaptic Vesicle Pool Replenishment in Cultured Cerebellar Granule Neurons using FM Dyes

Kvantitativ analyse af Synaptic vesikel Pool Replenishment i dyrkede cerebellare Granule Neuroner bruger FM Farvestoffer

After neurotransmitter release in central nerve terminals, SVs are rapidly retrieved by endocytosis.  Retrieved SVs are then refilled with ...

Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration

Spektral konfokal afbildning af Fluorescerende mærkede nikotinreceptorer i Knock-i mus med kronisk Nikotin Administration

Ligand-gated ion channels in the central nervous system (CNS) are implicated in numerous conditions with serious medical and social consequences.  For ...

Quantitative Analysis of Climbing Defects in a Drosophila Model of Neurodegenerative Disorders

Kvantitativ analyse af Klatring Defekter i en Drosophila Model af neurodegenerative lidelser

Locomotive defects resulting from neurodegenerative disorders can be a late onset symptom of disease, following years of subclinical degeneration, and ...

In Vivo Gene Transfer to Schwann Cells in the Rodent Sciatic Nerve by Electroporation

In Vivo Gene Transfer to Schwann Cells in the Rodent Sciatic Nerve by Electroporation

In vivo genoverførsel til Schwann-celler i Rodent iskiasnerven ved elektroporering

The formation of the myelin sheath by Schwann cells (SCs) is essential for rapid conduction of nerve impulses along axons in the peripheral nervous ...

Mass Histology to Quantify Neurodegeneration in Drosophila

Mass Histology to Quantify Neurodegeneration in Drosophila

Mass Histologi at kvantificere neurodegeneration i<em&gt; Drosophila</em

Progressive neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer&#39;s disease (AD) or Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) are an increasing threat to human health ...

Using Linear Agarose Channels to Study Drosophila Larval Crawling Behavior

Using Linear Agarose Channels to Study Drosophila Larval Crawling Behavior

Brug Linear Agarose Kanaler til at studere<em&gt; Drosophila</em&gt; Larve Crawling Behavior

Drosophila larval crawling is emerging as a powerful model to study neural control of sensorimotor behavior. However, larval crawling behavior on flat ...

Quantitative Analysis of Neuronal Dendritic Arborization Complexity in Drosophila

Quantitative Analysis of Neuronal Dendritic Arborization Complexity in Drosophila

Kvantitativ analyse af Neuronal dendritiske Arborization kompleksitet i Drosophila

Dendrites are the branched projections of a neuron, and dendritic morphology reflects synaptic organization during the development of the nervous system. ...

An Unbiased Approach of Sampling TEM Sections in Neuroscience

En fordomsfri tilgang af prøveudtagning TEM sektioner i neurovidenskab

Investigations of the ultrastructural features of neurons and their synapses are only possible with electron microscopy. Especially for comparative ...