Name: dynamic proteomic and mirna analysis of polysomes from isolated mouse heart after langendorff perfusion
Uploaded: 2018-08-29T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Dynamic Proteomic and miRNA Analysis of Polysomes from Isolated Mouse Heart After Langendorff Perfusion at JoVE.com

NIH P01 HL112730 (bez, JVE), NIH R01 HL132075 (bez, JVE), Barbra Streisand kadın kalp Merkezi (bez, JVE), Dorothy ve E. Phillip Lyon sandalye moleküler Kardiyoloji (bez), Erika Glazer donatılmış sandalye kadın kalp sağlığı (JVE) ve Çek bilim Kurumsal Destek RVO: 68081715 (MS).

Tüm hayvan çalışmaları kurumsal kılavuzlarınıza uygun olarak gerçekleştirilen ve kurumsal hayvan bakım ve kullanım Komitesi, Cedars-Sinai Tıp Merkezi tarafından onaylanmış.
1. Langendorff perfüzyon fare kalp
<ol><li>
Langendorff perfüzyon fare kalp iskemi reperfüzyon ile
	<ol>
<li>Mayi Fentobarbital sodyum yönetmek 70 mg/kg yetişkin fare (8-hafta-yaşlı, Erkek, C57BL6/j). Derin anestezi çimdik baştan aşağı çekilmesi eksikliğinden onaylayın.</li>...

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Polysome profil analiz protein çeviri çalışması için belirli bir mRNA veya tüm transcriptome6,7translasyonel durumu analiz ederek sağlar. Yerel synaptosomes8gibi okudu gerektiğinde de çok yardımcı olur. Geleneksel olarak, bu yöntem mono - ve polyribosomes ve ilişkili mRNA'ların hangi ile genomik birleştiğinde olabilir sükroz degrade veya istediğiniz sonuçları6,9</sup...

Kalp hasar iskemi (ı) ve reperfüzyon (R) dinamik bir şekilde yanıt verir. Ancak, tepki sırasında protein sentezi akut değişiklikler içine küçük fikir yoktur. Bu sorunu çözmek için biz yansıtmaktadır ribozomlar ve polizomlar, sitozol translasyonel düzenleyici faktörler yeniden dağıtılması protein bolca değişiklikleri tanımlamak için1 profil oluşturma polysome köklü yöntemi kullandı ve Yeni sentezlenmiş protein (NSP) artırın. Ben ortamda / R, yeni protein sentezi artış oluşur bir süre içinde yeni mRNA'ların2; transkripsiyon ile tutarsız Ayrıca, uyumsuzluk mRNA ifade düzeyleri ile protein bereket bildirilen3olmuştur. Bu nedenlerden dolayı biz protein çeviri tarafından yansıtıldığı gibi dinamik Proteom değişiklikleri analiz etmek seçti. Bunu yapmak için mRNA polysome kesirler ölçmek ve polysome kesirler protein bileşiminde analiz. Çünkü mikroRNA (miRs) mRNA'ların çeviri için kullanılabilirliğini düzenleyen ve protein çeviri4,5verimliliği ile engelleyebilir, son olarak, biz miRs polysome kesirler dağıtımını odaklanan muayene Ben Yanıt / R.
Sürekli perfüzyon, sonra 30 dk küresel akış olmayan iskemi ve iskemi reperfüzyon 30 min tarafından takip 30 dk sonra bazal koşullar altında hasat doku ve izole fare Langendorff perfüzyon model kullanmayı seçtiniz. Daha sonra kalp doku çözündürüldükten ve polizomlar sükroz degrade üzerinde ayrılmış proteomik analizi ve seçmeli olarak algılanması mRNA'ların ve miRNAs PCR ve Mikroarray, sırasıyla izledi. Bu yöntemlerin bileşimini eşzamanlı olarak algılanması mRNA, miRNA ve NSP'ler yanı sıra, düzenleyici proteinler, miRNA ve mRNA dağıtılması arasında nontranslating kesirler Etkinleştirme dinamik Proteom anlamak için güçlü bir yaklaşım temsil eder, düşük verimli polizomlar ve yüksek verimli polizomlar (bkz. Şekil 1). Dinamik yönetmelik bu sürecin içine anlayışlar daha fazla çözümleme eIF2α veya mTOR gibi anahtar düzenleyici faktörler fosforilasyon tarafından uzatılacak. Şimdi tek tek adımları ayrıntılı olarak açıklanmıştır.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Pentobarbital</td>
			<td>Vortech Phamaceuticals</td>
			<td>9373</td>
			<td>for euthansia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heparin</td>
			<td>Sagent</td>
			<td>103424</td>
			<td>used in langendorff preparation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>forceps</td>
			<td>Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>91110-10</td>
			<td>used to hang the heart</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Langendorff system</td>
			<td>Radnoti + home made</td>
			<td>n/a</td>
			<td>A &#39;four heart&#39; system consisting of custom blown glass, tubing and water baths</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NaCl</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S7653-5KG</td>
			<td>Krebs buffer and Sucrose gradient</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>KCl</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P5405</td>
			<td>Krebs buffer and Lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>KH2PO4</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P-5504</td>
			<td>Krebs buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MgSO4</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>M7774-500G</td>
			<td>Krebs buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glucose</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>G5767</td>
			<td>Krebs buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CaCl2</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>C1016-500G</td>
			<td>Krebs buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sucrose powder</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>S0389-1KG</td>
			<td>Sucrose gradient</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MgCl2</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>208337</td>
			<td>Sucrose gradient and Lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tris-base</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>T1503-1KG</td>
			<td>Sucrose gradient and Lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xylene Cyanole</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>X-4126</td>
			<td>Sucrose gradient</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cycloheximide</td>
			<td>Sigma-aldrich</td>
			<td>239763</td>
			<td>Sucrose gradient and Lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>RNaseOUT</td>
			<td>Life Technologies</td>
			<td>C00019</td>
			<td>RNAse inhibitor for Lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Igepal CA-360 (NP40)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>I3021</td>
			<td>Lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Protease Inhibitor Cocktail tablets, EDTA free</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>5056489001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tube, Thinwall, Ultra-Clear, 13.2 mL, 14 x 89 mm</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>344059</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ultracentrifuge</td>
			<td>Beckman</td>
			<td>LE-80K</td>
			<td>Ultracentrifugation of the gradients</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rotor</td>
			<td>Beckman</td>
			<td>SW41</td>
			<td>Ultracentrifugation of the gradients</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Biologic LP (pump)</td>
			<td>Biorad</td>
			<td>731-8300</td>
			<td>Fractionation of the gradients</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BioFrac</td>
			<td>Biorad</td>
			<td>741-0002</td>
			<td>Fractionation of the gradients</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Eppendorf RNA/DNA LoBind microcentrifuge tubes, 2 mL tube</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>Z666513-100EA</td>
			<td>Gradient fraction and RNA extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TRIzol Reagent</td>
			<td>Life technologies</td>
			<td>AM9738</td>
			<td>RNA extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Luciferase Control RNA</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>L4561</td>
			<td>RNA extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chloroform</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>C606-4</td>
			<td>RNA extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glycogen, RNA grade</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>R0551</td>
			<td>RNA extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isopropanol</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>I9516</td>
			<td>RNA extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>E7023-1L</td>
			<td>RNA extraction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>iScript cDNA Synthesis Kit</td>
			<td>BioRad</td>
			<td>170-8891</td>
			<td>Reverse transcription</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>iTaq Universal SYBR Green Supermix</td>
			<td>BioRad</td>
			<td>175-5122</td>
			<td>Quantative PCR</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>miRNeasy Micro Kit (50)</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td>217084</td>
			<td>Kit for total RNA isolation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>miScript II RT Kit (50)</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td>218161</td>
			<td>Kit for miRNA reverse transcription</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>miScript Sybr Green PCR Kit (200)</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td>218073</td>
			<td>Kit for real-time PCR expression analysis of miRNAs</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifuge 5424R</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For centrifugation of 1.5ml or 2.0ml tubes at different temperatures. Max speed - 21130g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifuge 5810R</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For real-time PCR plate centrifugation at different temperatures. Max speed - 2039g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>My Cycler Thermal Cycler</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For reverse transcription</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CFX96 Real-Time System/C1000 Touch Thermal Cycler</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For real-time PCR analysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Spike-in Control</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td>219610</td>
			<td>For quality control of RNA isolation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hard-Shell 96-Well PCR Plates, low profile, thin wall, skirted, green/clear</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td>HSP9641</td>
			<td>For real-time PCR analysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microseal &#39;B&#39; PCR Plate Sealing Film, adhesive, optical</td>
			<td>Bio-Rad</td>
			<td>MSB1001</td>
			<td>For real-time PCR plate sealing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Research plus Single-Channel Pipette, Gray; 0.5-10 &#181;L</td>
			<td>Eppendorf</td>
			<td>UX-24505-02</td>
			<td>For pipetting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PIPETMAN Classic Pipets, P20</td>
			<td>Gilson</td>
			<td>F123600G</td>
			<td>For pipetting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PIPETMAN Classic Pipets, P200</td>
			<td>Gilson</td>
			<td>F144565</td>
			<td>For pipetting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rainin L-1000XLS Pipet-Lite XLS LTS Pipette 100-1000 &#181;L</td>
			<td>Gilson</td>
			<td>17011782</td>
			<td>For pipetting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Glycogen, RNA grade</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>R0551</td>
			<td>Improves total RNA isolation efficiency</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Posi-Click 1.7 mL Tubes, natural color</td>
			<td>Denville</td>
			<td>C2170</td>
			<td>RNA isolation and storage; reagent mix</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermal Cycling Tubes -0.2 mL Individual Caps, Standard 0.2 mL tubes with optically</td>
			<td>Denville</td>
			<td>C18098-4 (1000910)</td>
			<td>Reverse transcription reaction</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sharp 10 Precision barrier Tips</td>
			<td>Denville</td>
			<td>P1096-FR</td>
			<td>For pipetting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sharp 20 Precision barrier Tips</td>
			<td>Denville</td>
			<td>P1121</td>
			<td>For pipetting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sharp 200 Precision barrier Tips</td>
			<td>Denville</td>
			<td>P1122</td>
			<td>For pipetting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tips LTS 1 mL Filter</td>
			<td>Rainin</td>
			<td>RT-L1000F</td>
			<td>For pipetting</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>miScript Primer Assay (200)</td>
			<td>Qiagen</td>
			<td>(it changes according to the miRNA)</td>
			<td>For real-time PCR analysis</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gradient Master ver 5.3 Model 108</td>
			<td>BioComp Instruments</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For preparation of sucrose gradients</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>trichloroacetic acid</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>T6399</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>acetone</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>650501</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tris hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Amresco</td>
			<td>M108</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>dithiothreitol</td>
			<td>Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>BP172</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>iodoacetamide</td>
			<td>Gbiosciences</td>
			<td>RC-150</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>sequencing grade modified trypsine, porcine</td>
			<td>Promega</td>
			<td>V5111</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ammonium bicarbonate</td>
			<td>BDH</td>
			<td>BDH9206</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>formic acid, Optima LC/MS</td>
			<td>Fisher Chemical</td>
			<td>A117</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>methanol, Optima LC/MS</td>
			<td>Fisher Chemical</td>
			<td>A454</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>acetonitrile, Optima LC/MS</td>
			<td>Fisher Chemical</td>
			<td>A996</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Protein LoBind tubes 0.5 mL</td>
			<td>Eppendorf AG</td>
			<td>22431064</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Protein LoBind tubes 1.5 mL</td>
			<td>Eppendorf AG</td>
			<td>22431081</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HLB &#181;Elution plate 30 &#181;m</td>
			<td>Oasis</td>
			<td>186001828BA</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>SpeedVac concentrator</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>Savant SPD2010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>sonicator</td>
			<td>Qsonica</td>
			<td>Oasis180</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>centrifuge</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td colspan="2">Sorvall Legend micro 21R</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LC trap column PepMap 100 C18</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>160454</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>LC separation column PepMap RSLC C18</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>164536</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>mass spectrometer</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td colspan="2">Orbitrap Elite ion trap mass spectrometer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MSConvert software</td>
			<td>ProteoWizard Toolkit</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sorcerer-SEQUEST software</td>
			<td>Sage-N Research, Inc.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

dynamic proteomic and mirna analysis of polysomes from isolated mouse heart after langendorff perfusion

Dinamik değişiklikleri protein çeviri çalışmaları özel yöntemler gerektirir. Burada biz yeni sentezlenmiş protein iskemi ve polysome profil oluşturma ile birleştiğinde izole periosteum fare kalp kullanarak reperfüzyon karşısında değişiklikler incelenmiştir. Daha fazla protein çeviri dinamik değişiklikleri anlamak için biz sitozolik ribozomlara (polyribosomes veya polizomlar) ile doluydu ve aynı zamanda mitokondrial polizomlar kurtarıldı ve mRNA ve protein dağıtım karşılaştırıldığında mRNA'ların karakterize yüksek verimli kesirler (çok sayıda ribozom mRNA için bağlı), düşük-verimlilik (daha az ribozom bağlı) mitokondriyal polizomlar ve tercüme kesirler de dahil. miRNAs Ayrıca, böylece çeviri verimliliğini azaltmak tercüme ediliyor mRNA ile ilişkilendirebilirsiniz, arasında kesirler miRNAs dağılımı incelenmiştir. MRNA'ların, miRNAs ve proteinler dağıtım 30 dk küresel akış olmayan iskemi ve reperfüzyon 30 dk sonra sonunda periosteum bazal koşullar altında incelenmiştir. Burada bu çözümlemeyi gerçekleştirmek için kullanılan yöntemleri mevcut — özellikle protein çekme--dan sükroz degrade, bu duruma getirilmesi için yaklaşım önce tarif edilmiştir değil — ve temsilcisi bazı sonuçlar sağlar.

mRNA Analizi mRNA sonuçları bir dağıtım her kesir (Şekil 3A); belirli bir mRNA olarak ifade miktar için polyribosomal çeviri kesirler birleştirmek ve mRNA bereket nontranslating kesirler çeviri içinde oranında sunulması sigara çevirme kesir (Şekil 3B), karşılaştırın. Ek bilgi yüksek verim polysome kesirler ayrı olarak düşük verimli polysome kesirler (ve ayrı nontranslating kesirler) inceleyer...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Dynamic Proteomic and miRNA Analysis of Polysomes from Isolated Mouse Heart After Langendorff Perfusion at JoVE.com

Dynamic Proteomic and miRNA Analysis of Polysomes from Isolated Mouse Heart After Langendorff Perfusion

Burada izole periosteum fare kalp üzerinde profil oluşturma polysome gerçekleştirmek için bir iletişim kuralı mevcut. Biz kalp perfüzyon, profil oluşturma polysome ve polysome kesirler ile ilgili mRNA'ların, miRNAs ve polysome Proteom analizi için yöntemler açıklanmaktadır.

Dinamik proteomik ve miRNA analiz polizomlar izole fare kalp sonra Langendorff perfüzyon üzerinden

Studies in dynamic changes in protein translation require specialized methods. Here we examined changes in newly-synthesized proteins in response to ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biochemistry

Resolving Affinity Purified Protein Complexes by Blue Native PAGE and Protein Correlation Profiling

Mavi Yerli PAGE ve Protein İlişkisi Profil Yöntemi ile Affinity Saf protein Kompleksler çözümleniyor

Most proteins act in association with others; hence, it is crucial to characterize these functional units in order to fully understand biological ...

Dissection of Human Retina and RPE-Choroid for Proteomic Analysis

İnsan Retina ve RPE koroid diseksiyon proteomik analizi için

The human retina is composed of the sensory neuroretina and the underlying retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), which is firmly complexed to the vascular ...

Purification of Hepatocytes and Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells from Mouse Liver Perfusion

Arıtma tetkikine ve fare karaciğer sinüsoidal endotel hücrelerinden perfüzyon

This protocol demonstrates a method for obtaining high yield and viability for mouse hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) suitable for ...

Split-BioID &#8212; Proteomic Analysis of Context-specific Protein Complexes in Their Native Cellular Environment

Split-BioID ÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¢ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚Â¬ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã‚Â Proteomic Analysis of Context-specific Protein Complexes in Their Native Cellular Environment

Split-BioID — Proteomik analiz onların yerel hücresel ortamında içeriğe özel Protein kompleksleri

To complement existing affinity purification (AP) approaches for the identification of protein-protein interactions (PPI), enzymes have been introduced ...

Analyzing Dynamic Protein Complexes Assembled On and Released From Biolayer Interferometry Biosensor Using Mass Spectrometry and Electron Microscopy

Dinamik Protein kompleksleri analiz monte ve kütle spektrometresi ve Elektron Mikroskopisi kullanılarak Biolayer Interferometry biyoalgılayıcı--dan serbest bırakmak

In vivo, proteins are often part of large macromolecular complexes where binding specificity and dynamics ultimately dictate functional outputs. In this ...

Calibration-free In Vitro Quantification of Protein Homo-oligomerization Using Commercial Instrumentation and Free, Open Source Brightness Analysis Software

Calibration-free In Vitro Quantification of Protein Homo-oligomerization Using Commercial Instrumentation and Free, Open Source Brightness Analysis Software

Kalibrasyon-Alerjik Vitro miktar Protein Homo-Oligomerizasyonda ticari araçları ve ücretsiz, açık kaynak parlaklık analiz yazılımı kullanarak

Number and brightness is a calibration-free fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy (FFS) technique for detecting protein homo-oligomerization. It can be ...

Proteomic Analysis of Human Macrophage Polarization Under a Low Oxygen Environment

Düşük oksijen ortamı altında insan makrofaj polarizasyon proteomik analizi

Macrophages are innate immune cells involved in a number of physiological functions ranging from responses to infectious pathogens to tissue homeostasis. ...

Profiling Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-like Dependent Post-translational Modifications and Identification of Significant Alterations

Ubiquitin ve Ubiquitin benzeri Bağımlı Post-translational Modifikasyonlar ve Önemli Değişikliklerin Belirlenmesi Profilleme

Ubiquitin (ub) and ubiquitin-like (ubl) dependent post-translational modifications of proteins play fundamental biological regulatory roles within the ...

Proteomic Profile of EPS-Urine through FASP Digestion and Data-Independent Analysis

FASP Sindirimi ve Veriden Bağımsız Analiz yoluyla EPS-İdrarın Proteomik Profili

Filter-aided sample protocol (FASP) is widely used for proteomics sample preparation because it allows to concentrate diluted samples and it is compatible ...

F&#246;rster Resonance Energy Transfer Measurements in Living Plant Cells

FÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¶rster Resonance Energy Transfer Measurements in Living Plant Cells

Yaşayan Bitki Hücrelerinde Förster Rezonans Enerji Transferi Ölçümleri

Sensitized emission-based F&#246;rster resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments are easily done but depend on the microscopic setup. Confocal laser ...