Name: use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to assess the origin of myelodysplastic syndrome
Uploaded: 2018-10-03T14:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome at JoVE.com

这项工作得到了国家癌症研究所、国立卫生研究院 (格兰特号010378和 BC 010983) 的校内研究计划的支持。

本条所描述的动物程序是由美国国家癌症研究所在贝塞斯达动物护理和使用委员会批准的, 并符合公共卫生服务政策中有关人道护理和使用实验动物的政策,动物福利法, 以及对实验室动物的护理和使用指南。
1. 细胞制剂
<ol><li>收集骨髓有核细胞 (BMNC)<ol>
<li>只使用无菌材料。使用蒸汽蒸气釜灭菌可再用的仪器。在单用无菌容器中购买针头、注射器和塑料制品。在第二类中执行...

<ol>
	<li>Corey, S. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myelodysplastic+syndromes:+the+complexity+of+stem-cell+diseases.">Myelodysplastic syndromes: the complexity of stem-cell diseases.</a> Nature Reviews Cancer. 7 (2), 118-129 (2007).</li><li>Garcia-Manero, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myelodysplastic+syndromes:+2015+Update+on+diagnosis,+risk-stratification+and+management.">Myelodysplastic syndromes: 2015 Update on diagnosis, risk-stratification and management.</a> American Journal of Hematology. 90 (9), 831-841 (2015).</li><li>Heaney, M. L., Golde, D. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myelodysplasia.">Myelodysplasia.</a> The New England Journal of Medicine. 340 (21), 1649-1660 (1999).</li><li>Nimer, S. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myelodysplastic+syndromes.">Myelodysplastic syndromes.</a> Blood. 111 (10), 4841-4851 (2008).</li><li>Aul, C., Giagounidis, A., Germing, U. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Epidemiological+features+of+myelodysplastic+syndromes:+results+from+regional+cancer+surveys+and+hospital-based+statistics.">Epidemiological features of myelodysplastic syndromes: results from regional cancer surveys and hospital-based statistics.</a> International Journal of Hematology. 73 (4), 405-410 (2001).</li><li>Pedersen-Bjergaard, J., Christiansen, D. H., Desta, F., Andersen, M. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Alternative+genetic+pathways+and+cooperating+genetic+abnormalities+in+the+pathogenesis+of+therapy-related+myelodysplasia+and+acute+myeloid+leukemia.">Alternative genetic pathways and cooperating genetic abnormalities in the pathogenesis of therapy-related myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia.</a> Leukemia. 20 (11), 1943-1949 (2006).</li><li>Uy, G. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dynamic+changes+in+the+clonal+structure+of+MDS+and+AML+in+response+to+epigenetic+therapy.">Dynamic changes in the clonal structure of MDS and AML in response to epigenetic therapy.</a> Leukemia. 31 (4), 872-881 (2017).</li><li>Gough, S. M., Slape, C. I., Aplan, P. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=NUP98+gene+fusions+and+hematopoietic+malignancies:+common+themes+and+new+biologic+insights.">NUP98 gene fusions and hematopoietic malignancies: common themes and new biologic insights.</a> Blood. 118 (24), 6247-6257 (2011).</li><li>Lin, Y. W., Slape, C., Zhang, Z., Aplan, P. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=NUP98-HOXD13+transgenic+mice+develop+a+highly+penetrant,+severe+myelodysplastic+syndrome+that+progresses+to+acute+leukemia.">NUP98-HOXD13 transgenic mice develop a highly penetrant, severe myelodysplastic syndrome that progresses to acute leukemia.</a> Blood. 106 (1), 287-295 (2005).</li><li>Block, M., Jacobson, L. O., Bethard, W. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preleukemic+acute+human+leukemia.">Preleukemic acute human leukemia.</a> Journal of the American Medical Association. 152 (11), 1018-1028 (1953).</li><li>Thanopoulou, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Engraftment+of+NOD/SCID-beta2+microglobulin+null+mice+with+multilineage+neoplastic+cells+from+patients+with+myelodysplastic+syndrome.">Engraftment of NOD/SCID-beta2 microglobulin null mice with multilineage neoplastic cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.</a> Blood. 103 (11), 4285-4293 (2004).</li><li>Kerbauy, D. M., Lesnikov, V., Torok-Storb, B., Bryant, E., Deeg, H. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Engraftment+of+distinct+clonal+MDS-derived+hematopoietic+precursors+in+NOD/SCID-beta2-microglobulin-deficient+mice+after+intramedullary+transplantation+of+hematopoietic+and+stromal+cells.">Engraftment of distinct clonal MDS-derived hematopoietic precursors in NOD/SCID-beta2-microglobulin-deficient mice after intramedullary transplantation of hematopoietic and stromal cells.</a> Blood. 104 (7), 2202-2203 (2004).</li><li>Benito, A. I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=NOD/SCID+mice+transplanted+with+marrow+from+patients+with+myelodysplastic+syndrome+(MDS)+show+long-term+propagation+of+normal+but+not+clonal+human+precursors.">NOD/SCID mice transplanted with marrow from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) show long-term propagation of normal but not clonal human precursors.</a> Leukemia Research. 27 (5), 425-436 (2003).</li><li>Medyouf, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myelodysplastic+cells+in+patients+reprogram+mesenchymal+stromal+cells+to+establish+a+transplantable+stem+cell+niche+disease+unit.">Myelodysplastic cells in patients reprogram mesenchymal stromal cells to establish a transplantable stem cell niche disease unit.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 14 (6), 824-837 (2014).</li><li>Chung, Y. J., Choi, C. W., Slape, C., Fry, T., Aplan, P. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transplantation+of+a+myelodysplastic+syndrome+by+a+long-term+repopulating+hematopoietic+cell.">Transplantation of a myelodysplastic syndrome by a long-term repopulating hematopoietic cell.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (37), 14088-14093 (2008).</li><li>Pietras, E. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Functionally+Distinct+Subsets+of+Lineage-Biased+Multipotent+Progenitors+Control+Blood+Production+in+Normal+and+Regenerative+Conditions.">Functionally Distinct Subsets of Lineage-Biased Multipotent Progenitors Control Blood Production in Normal and Regenerative Conditions.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 17 (1), 35-46 (2015).</li><li>Yardeni, T., Eckhaus, M., Morris, H. D., Huizing, M., Hoogstraten-Miller, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Retro-orbital+injections+in+mice.">Retro-orbital injections in mice.</a> Lab Animal. 40 (5), 155-160 (2011).</li><li>Chung, Y. J., Fry, T. J., Aplan, P. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Myeloablative+hematopoietic+stem+cell+transplantation+improves+survival+but+is+not+curative+in+a+pre-clinical+model+of+myelodysplastic+syndrome.">Myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation improves survival but is not curative in a pre-clinical model of myelodysplastic syndrome.</a> PLoS One. 12 (9), e0185219 (2017).</li></ol>

虽然 mds 是一种克隆造血干细胞紊乱, 但 mds "茎" 或启动细胞尚未被描绘出来。我们以前证明, MDS 可以移植到小鼠使用骨髓从 NHD13 小鼠的 HSCT, 其特点是 macrocytic 贫血, 白细胞减少, 中性粒细胞, 和形态学证据的发育不良15。此外, 竞争性重写化验发现 NHD13 骨髓细胞的生长优势。综合起来, 这些发现意味着存在 MDS 干细胞或启动细胞。目前正在进行更多的实验, 目的是通过更明确的茎和...

骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS) 代表了一系列不同的无性系血症, 其特点是造血功能无效, 形态学证明发育不良, 并倾向于转化为急性髓系白血病 (AML)1,2 ,3,4。无效造血被认为是在骨髓中的成熟逮捕, 并导致外周血血细胞减少, 尽管 hypercellular 骨髓1,3。mds 的发病率在美国每年有不同程度地估计为每10万人2-12 例, mds 的发病率随着年龄的增长而增加, 这是一个重要的条件来理解, 因为美国人口老龄化3, 5。虽然大多数 mds 病例没有明确的病因, 但有些 mds 的病例被认为是由于接触已知的毒性剂, 包括苯等溶剂和癌症化疗6。
mds 患者通常在 mds 细胞7中获得突变。虽然相对少见, 一些 MDS 患者获得了平衡染色体易位涉及基因, 如 NUP98, EVI1, RUNX1, MLL (http://cgap.nci.nih.gov/Chromosomes/Mitelman)。我们的实验室对染色体易位有长期的兴趣, 其中涉及 NUP98 基因8。通过 Vav1 启动子和增强因子调控的 NUP98-HOXD13 (NHD13) 转基因的转基因小鼠显示了 MDS 的所有关键特征, 包括外周血血细胞减少、发育不良的形态学证据以及转化为 AML9.
虽然 mds 已被确认超过60年10, 并被认为是克隆干细胞紊乱, 但在 immunodeficient 小鼠嫁接人 MDS 细胞的努力基本上不成功, 因为 mds 细胞嫁接差11, 12、13、14 、小鼠不发育临床疾病。为了确定哪些造血细胞能够传输 MDS, 我们转向了 NHD13 模型, 并表明我们可以嫁接 mds 作为一个疾病实体, 它显示了人类 mds 的所有基本特征, 包括外周血血细胞减少、发育不良和转换到 AML15。在本报告中, 我们介绍了这些实验的技术细节, 以及进一步分级造血干细胞和前体细胞 (HSPC) 的方法, 旨在确定 MDS 启动细胞。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>14 mL round bottom tube</td>
			<td>Falcon</td>
			<td>352057</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hank&#39;s balanced salt solution</td>
			<td>Lonza</td>
			<td>10-527F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anti-CD45.2 antibody</td>
			<td>Southern Biotech</td>
			<td>1800-15</td>
			<td>LOT# A077-T044O</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3 mL Syringe</td>
			<td>Monoject</td>
			<td>8881513934</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>27-G needle</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>305109</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>20-G needle</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>305176</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lineage Cocktail</td>
			<td>Miltenyi</td>
			<td>130-090-858</td>
			<td>LOT# 5170418221</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anti-Biotin antibodies</td>
			<td>Miltenyi</td>
			<td>130-113-288</td>
			<td>LOT# 5171109046</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1 mL Syringe</td>
			<td>Excelint</td>
			<td>26027</td>
			<td>Insulin Syringe</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heating Lamp</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>E70001901</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FACS machine</td>
			<td>Cytec</td>
			<td>FACScan</td>
			<td>2 lasers, 5 color detectors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FACS sorting instrument</td>
			<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
			<td>MOFLO ASTRIOS</td>
			<td>5 lasers, 23 parameters, 6 population sorting simulteneously</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Propidium Iodide</td>
			<td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td>P3566</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gamma Irradiator</td>
			<td>Best Theratronics</td>
			<td>Gammacell 40</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Blood collection tube</td>
			<td>RAM scientific</td>
			<td>76011</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Recipient mice</td>
			<td>Charles River</td>
			<td>B6-LY5.1/Cr, CD45.1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NUP98-HOXD13 mice</td>
			<td>n/a</td>
			<td>C57Bl/6, CD45.2</td>
			<td>Colony maintained at NIH</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>5 mL round bottom tube</td>
			<td>Falcon</td>
			<td>352058</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to assess the origin of myelodysplastic syndrome

骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS) 是由无效造血、外周血血细胞减少、发育不良以及转化为急性白血病的倾向所定义的多种造血干细胞紊乱群。NUP98-HOXD13 (NHD13) 转基因小鼠在外周血血细胞减少、发育不良和急性白血病的转化方面概述了人类 MDS。我们以前证明, mds 可以通过移植 mds 骨髓有核细胞 (BMNC) 从基因工程鼠与 mds 转移到野生型受体。为了更清楚地了解 MDS 原细胞, 我们开发了移植特定的、immunophenotypically 定义的造血亚群的方法。本文描述了造血干细胞和祖细胞特定种群的分离和移植过程。在移植后, 我们描述了评估移植的效率和捐献者 MDS 细胞持续性的方法。

我们展示了几个实验结果的代表性数字。图 1显示了一个典型的流式细胞分选实验。在正常的造血分化过程中, 当细胞致力于特定的造血谱系时, 他们获得了谱系定义的细胞表面标记物, 失去了自我更新的潜能。因此, 在野生型小鼠中, 干细胞自我更新仅限于血统阴性的 BMNC。在本实验中, 我们将 BMNC 从 NHD13 骨髓中分类为谱系阴性、低血统阳性和高谱系?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome at JoVE.com

Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome

应用造血干细胞移植评估骨髓增生异常综合征的起源

我们描述了利用造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 来评估基因工程造血细胞的恶性潜能。HSCT 可用于评估体内各种恶性造血细胞, 并产生大量小鼠骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS) 或白血病, 以评估新的治疗方法。

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a diverse group of hematopoietic stem cell disorders that are defined by ineffective hematopoiesis, peripheral blood ...

此方法可以帮助回答恶性肿瘤方法领域的几个问题，即引发恶性肿瘤的细胞的表征。该技术的主要优点是，它为这些癌症干细胞的功能分析提供了基础。这种技术的影响延伸到骨髓增生综合征或MDS的治疗，因为它可以帮助识别疾病启动细胞。为使接受者做好收养转移的准备，移植前一周，在特定的无病原体动物设施中，向生源性接受者动物提供每公升100毫克的无菌水，并辅以100毫克的柠檬黄沙星。第七天，有一个训练有素的、经过认证的17号操作员将钚源仪器设置为每分钟提供70个全身伽马辐照。将 10 只鼠标放在定制设计的支架中。将支架插入辐照器室，在 13 分钟内提供 9 个灰色全身辐照。然后把动物还到笼子里。第二天早上，在整整两到六个飞蛾的旧C57黑色六只老鼠上喷洒70%的乙醇，用剪刀把皮肤从骨盆上取出到脚踝上。用剪刀钳子去除毛骨和头骨。干净修剪骨骼的肌肉。切近端和端端的头骨，并拿起一个头骨与钳子。将装有27根量具针头的三毫升注射器插入骨髓腔，将骨髓冲洗到14毫升圆形底部管中，内含2.5毫升的汉克斯缓冲盐水溶液，辅以2%的胎儿牛血清或HF2。当所有骨髓被收集后，通过20个量具针尖多次吸气组织，将骨髓质量分散成一个单一的悬浮液进行计数。要标记骨髓核细胞（BMNC）进行流分选，通过离心收集细胞，并在每90微升HF2浓度的10至第七BMNC下重新悬浮颗粒。接下来，在4摄氏度下向细胞悬浮液中加入10微升生物素化、抗血统抗体鸡尾酒，进行20分钟的孵育。接着是离心机在三毫升PBS中清洗。将颗粒重新悬浮在 100 微升 HF2 中，每 10 次将颗粒悬浮到第七细胞中。其次，用两个微升的PC结合抗生物素抗体标记细胞。在摄氏4度下20分钟后，在不受光线影响下，用三毫升新鲜PBS清洗细胞。重新悬浮HF2中的颗粒，并补充每毫升碘化二丙烯在冰上0.2微克。现在，使用未污染的细胞校准流式细胞分拣机，以优化每个探测器线性范围内的所有光电倍增管、散射和荧光参数。为未标记、PI 标记和反血统 APC 标记的单元格获取 10，000 个单元格的三个样本。在排序结束时，分析每个样本中的1000个细胞，以确认已排序的细胞的纯度和可行性。旋转离心机中的样品。然后将颗粒重新悬浮在 0.5 毫升 HF2 中进行计数。对于分类细胞的收养转移，在无菌HF2中，将100微升的2倍混合到第五野生型BMNC。每只受助动物的100微升为2至5倍至第四，对无菌HF2的分类捐赠者BMNC感兴趣。加载一个毫升注射器，每个接受者配备28个量具，200微升细胞。然后，将接受小鼠放在热灯下，诱导尾静脉扩张。通过尾静脉将细胞混合物传递到每个致命辐照的接受动物。由于干细胞自我更新仅限于血统阴性野生型BMNC，血统阴性、低血统阳性和高血统阳性细胞被分类并移植到野生型接收者中，以确定每个细胞种群的自我更新能力。从MDS模型动物采用移植的供体转遗传BMNC可以通过CD45.2细胞表面标记表达来区分外体。在移植血统阴性BNMC或转基因MDS供体动物的未分类BMNC后16周，转基因细胞与野生细胞竞争，在致命辐照受援动物的外周血液中观察到的CD45.2阳性供体细胞比例增加就证明了这一点。在这里，从用转基因MDS细胞移植的小鼠的白血病转化细胞显示。注意存在许多爆炸和不成熟的形式。在尝试该程序时，重要的是要记住限制外体操作的时间，因为它可能会给细胞造成不必要的压力，导致细胞死亡或功能丧失。这项技术开发后，为实地项目的研究人员铺平了道路，为基因工程小鼠的恶性肿瘤探索疾病来源铺平了道路。

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

Efficient Derivation of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells from Stem Cells

视网膜色素上皮细胞的干细胞高效的推导

No cure has been discovered for age-related macular degeneration  (AMD), the leading cause of vision loss in people over the age of 55. AMD is complex ...

科研

发育生物学

An Efficient Method to Obtain Dedifferentiated Fat Cells

一个有效的方法获取反分化脂肪细胞

Tissue engineering and cell therapy hold great promise clinically. In this regard, multipotent cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), may be used ...

Competitive Transplants to Evaluate Hematopoietic Stem Cell Fitness

竞争性移植评价造血干细胞健身

The gold standard definition of a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is a cell that when transferred into an irradiated recipient will have the ability to ...

Induction of Acute Skeletal Muscle Regeneration by Cardiotoxin Injection

通过注射心脏毒素急性骨骼肌再生的诱导

Skeletal muscle regeneration is a physiological process that occurs in adult skeletal muscles in response to injury or disease. Acute injury-induced ...

A 5-mC Dot Blot Assay Quantifying the DNA Methylation Level of Chondrocyte Dedifferentiation In Vitro

A 5-mC Dot Blot Assay Quantifying the DNA Methylation Level of Chondrocyte Dedifferentiation In Vitro

5-mC点印迹测定定量软骨细胞去分化的DNA甲基化水平<em&gt;体外</em

The dedifferentiation of hyaline chondrocytes into fibroblastic chondrocytes often accompanies monolayer expansion of chondrocytes in vitro. The global ...

A Novel Mammary Fat Pad Transplantation Technique to Visualize the Vessel Generation of Vascular Endothelial Stem Cells

新型乳腺脂肪移植技术可视化血管内皮干细胞的血管生成

Endothelial cells (ECs) are the fundamental building blocks of the vascular architecture and mediate vascular growth and remodeling to ensure proper ...

Bioengineering of Humanized Bone Marrow Microenvironments in Mouse and Their Visualization by Live Imaging

人类骨髓微环境在小鼠中的生物工程及其通过实时成像的可视化

Human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in the bone marrow (BM) niche, an intricate, multifactorial network of components producing cytokines, growth ...

Detection of Residual Donor Erythroid Progenitor Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Hemoglobinopathies

Hemoglobinopathies 患者造血干细胞移植后残余供红祖细胞的检测

The presence of incomplete chimerism is noted in a large proportion of patients following bone marrow transplant for thalassemia major or sickle cell ...

Clonal Analysis of Embryonic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Precursors Using Single Cell Index Sorting Combined with Endothelial Cell Niche Co-culture

单细胞指数分型与内皮细胞小生境联合培养对胚胎造血干细胞前体的克隆分析

The ability to study hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) genesis during embryonic development has been limited by the rarity of HSC precursors in the early ...

Assessment of Oxidative Damage in the Primary Mouse Ocular Surface Cells/Stem Cells in Response to Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) Damage

Assessment of Oxidative Damage in the Primary Mouse Ocular Surface Cells/Stem Cells in Response to Ultraviolet-C UV-C Damage

评估原小鼠眼部表面细胞/干细胞对紫外线-C （UV-C） 损伤的反应

The ocular surface is subjected to regular wear and tear due to various environmental factors. Exposure to UV-C radiation constitutes an occupational ...