Name: three-dimensional printing of a complex aortic anomaly
Uploaded: 2018-11-01T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly at JoVE.com

De auteurs erkennen financiering uit nationale Natural Science Foundation van China (nr. 81771971), Shanghai Pujiang programma (nr. 14PJD008 en 17PJ1401500), "Chen Guang" Project ondersteund door het gemeentelijk onderwijs Commissie Shanghai en Shanghai onderwijs Development Foundation (nr. 14 CG 06), Natural Science Foundation van Shanghai (nrs. 17411962800 en 17ZR1432900), en wetenschap en technologie Commissie van Shanghai gemeente (17JC1400200). W.Z. erkent financiering uit de nationale Natural Science Foundation van China (31501555 en 81772007, en 21734003), de China's 1000 jonge talenten programma, onderwijs Commissie van Shanghai gemeente (Young Oost-docentschap Award), en wetenschap en Commissie van de technologie van Shanghai gemeente (17JC1400200 en 16391903900).

De huidige studie werd goedgekeurd door de ethische commissie van Zhongshan ziekenhuis Fudan Universiteit (B2016-142R) en alle deelnemers hun geïnformeerde toestemming gaf.
1. de diagnose van de aorta anomalie door symptomen en verwerving van Imaging gegevens
<ol><li>Identificeren van patiënten die symptomen zoals pijn op de borst, dysfagie, of een verschil van de bloeddruk van de bovenste ledematen-MSA in ambulante kliniek. Patiënten die intolerant van de bewerking kunnen worden uitgeslo...

<ol>
	<li>Tanaka, A., Milner, R., Ota, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Kommerell's+diverticulum+in+the+current+era:+a+comprehensive+review.">Kommerell's diverticulum in the current era: a comprehensive review.</a> General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 63 (5), 245-259 (2015).</li><li>Rosu, C., Dorval, J. F., Abraham, C. Z., Cartier, R., Demers, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Single-stage+hybrid+repair+of+right+aortic+arch+with+Kommerell's+Diverticulum.">Single-stage hybrid repair of right aortic arch with Kommerell's Diverticulum.</a> The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 103 (4), e381-e384 (2017).</li><li>Idrees, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hybrid+repair+of+Kommerell+diverticulum.">Hybrid repair of Kommerell diverticulum.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 147 (3), 973-976 (2014).</li><li>Kankala, R. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fabrication+of+arbitrary+3-D+components+in+cardiac+surgery:+from+macro-,+micro-+to+nanoscale.">Fabrication of arbitrary 3-D components in cardiac surgery: from macro-, micro- to nanoscale.</a> Biofabrication. 9 (3), 032002 (2017).</li><li>Vukicevic, M., Mosadegh, B., Min, J. K., Little, S. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cardiac+3-D+printing+and+its+future+directions.">Cardiac 3-D printing and its future directions.</a> JACC Cardiovascular Imaging. 10 (2), 171-184 (2017).</li><li>Yoo, S. J., Spray, T., Austin, E. H., Yun, T. J., van Arsdell, G. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hands-on+surgical+training+of+congenital+heart+surgery+using+3-dimensional+print+models.">Hands-on surgical training of congenital heart surgery using 3-dimensional print models.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 153 (6), 1530-1540 (2017).</li><li>Hermsen, J. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Scan,+print,+practice,+perform:+Development+and+use+of+a+patient-specific+3-dimensionalprinted+model+in+adult+cardiac+surgery.">Scan, print, practice, perform: Development and use of a patient-specific 3-dimensionalprinted model in adult cardiac surgery.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 153 (1), 132-140 (2017).</li><li>Sun, X., Zhang, H., Zhu, K., Wang, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Patient-specific+three-dimensional+printing+for+Kommerell's+diverticulum.">Patient-specific three-dimensional printing for Kommerell's diverticulum.</a> International Journal of Cardiology. 255, 184-187 (2018).</li><li>Ota, T., Okada, K., Takanashi, S., Yamamoto, S., Okita, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surgical+treatment+for+Kommerell's+diverticulum.">Surgical treatment for Kommerell's diverticulum.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 131 (3), 574-578 (2006).</li><li>Agematsu, K., Ueda, T., Hoshino, S., Nishiya, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rupture+of+Kommerell+diverticulum+after+total+arch+replacement.">Rupture of Kommerell diverticulum after total arch replacement.</a> Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery. 11 (6), 800-802 (2010).</li></ol>

Aangeboren aorta anomalieën omvatten een zeldzame spectrum van cardiovasculaire aandoeningen, waaruit vaak complexe aorta anomalieën. Medische beeldvorming, zoals CT en MR, zijn vereist voor het ophelderen van complexe aortaboog anomalieën, de abnormale vertakking patroon, hun relatie met de luchtpijp en de slokdarm, en andere geassocieerde pathologieën. Zowel de heer als de CT angiografie kan 2D-informeren van aorta vaartuig locaties. Met de 3D-digitale wederopbouw voor 2D-imaging, kan de anatomische relatie van de ...

Aangeboren aorta anomalieën zijn uiterst zeldzame aangeboren misvormingen van het systeem van de aortaboog. Zij kunnen worden gediagnosticeerd door imaging analyse of evaluatie van entiteiten zoals dysfagie of subclavian stelen1. In klinische scenario's is het belangrijk om te identificeren van de anatomische anomalie in de afgesloten chirurgische ruimte dat visualisatie tijdens de operatie2,3 beperkte heeft. Momenteel, conventionele vlakke tweedimensionale (2D) beeldvorming, zoals computertomografie (CT) en magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), meestal aan chirurgen vóór de operatie worden gepresenteerd. Het is echter moeilijk voor chirurgen om het imago van de anomalie op basis van de 2D-beeldvorming. Bijgevolg ze geconfronteerd kunnen worden met onvoorspelbare problemen terwijl het proberen om te scheiden van de complexe aorta schepen tijdens de operatie. Onvoorspelbare schade aan het schip, de luchtpijp en de slokdarm kan optreden en resulteren in rampzalige resultaten.
In het laatste decennium, is 3D-imaging modelleren in Cardiale Heelkunde gebruikt om te helpen begrijpen de complexe anatomische anomalie4,5,6,7chirurgen. Driedimensionale (3-D) printing technologie kan helpen de modellering gegevens omzetten in een fysieke maquette. Vergeleken met de digitale wederopbouw, kunnen 3D-gedrukte fysische modellen presenteren een beter begrip van de anatomische details en geven een intuitional blik op de misvormingen. Voor aorta anomalie chirurgie is de gedrukte intuitional 3D-model significant omdat slechte begrip van aorta locaties kan rampzalig aan patiënten. Tijdens de operatie, kan elke fout leiden tot onvoorspelbaar bloeden en schade. Met behulp van de afgedrukte modellen, begrijp chirurgen de ruimtelijke verhoudingen van aorta takken. Tijdens de chirurgie kunt de chirurgen ook real-time overzicht van de 3D-modellen om te voorkomen dat verwarring van de complexe vasculaire locaties.
Hier presenteren we een protocol toe te passen van 3D-gedrukte modellen voor pre-operatieve planning en intra-operatieve begeleiding terwijl omgaan met aangeboren aorta ziekten. Kommerell van diverticulum, een soort complexe aangeboren aorta anomalie, werd geselecteerd als een case study. De stappen zijn diagnose op basis van computertomografie angiografie (CTA) imaging, partitioneren van de regio's van belang, bouwt u 3D-modellen, preoperatieve chirurgische planning en intraoperatieve herziening van 3D-modellen van gedrukte8. Deze 3D-afdrukken strategie kan aanzienlijk het risico onvoorspelbaar weefsel schade tijdens de operatie.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="911">
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		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:247px;">3D printer</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Meditool Enterprise Co., Ltd</td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td style="width:297px;">For 3D printing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;">Chaos Version 2.0</td>
			<td>Meditool Enterprise Co., Ltd</td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td>For 3D segmentation and reconstruction</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

three-dimensional printing of a complex aortic anomaly

Complexe aangeboren aorta anomalieën vallen diverse soorten misvormingen mogelijk klinisch asymptomatische of met ademhalings- of oesofageale symptomen aanwezig. Deze anomalieën kunnen gepaard gaan met andere congenitale hartziekten. Het is moeilijk om te bepalen van de locatie van de nauwkeurige anatomische vaartuig van tweedimensionale imaging gegevens, zoals computertomografie. Als een additief fabricagemethode, drie-dimensionale (3-D) afdrukken kunt covert de verworven imaging gegevens in 3D-fysische modellen. Dit protocol beschrijft de procedure voor de modellering van de volumetrische DICOM imaging in 3D-gegevens en af te drukken als een anatomisch realistische 3D-model. Met behulp van dit model, herkent chirurgen de locatie van het vaartuig van complexe aorta anomalieën, die u kan helpen voor de pre-operatieve planning en intra-operatieve begeleiding.

Verwerving van CT angiografie afbeeldingen, digitale modelleren en 3D-printen waren alles gebeurt in een ziekenhuis. Twee uren waren het 3D-model uit de afbeelding van CT angiografie om klaar te krijgen voor het 3D-printen. Met behulp van de procedure en de 3D-printer hier, een patiënt-specifieke 3D-fysieke model kan worden gestuurd naar artsen snel en de chirurgische besluit kan worden genomen in de tijd. De workflow van verwerving van CT angiografie gegevens tot 3D-printen is afgebeeld...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly at JoVE.com

Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly

Hier presenteren we een protocol voor het gebruik van drie dimensionale gedrukte modellen voor pre-operatieve planning en intraoperatieve reorganisatie van ingewikkelde vasculaire locaties bij de behandeling van een aangeboren aorta anomalie.

Drie-dimensionale afdrukken van een complexe aorta anomalie

Complex congenital aortic anomalies include diverse types of malformations that may be clinically asymptomatic or present with respiratory or esophageal ...

Deze methode kan helpen bij het beantwoorden van belangrijke vragen in het complexe aorta-anomalieveld over de camera DICOM. Het belangrijkste voordeel van deze techniek is dat 3D-geprint model het risico op onvoorspelbare weefselletsels tijdens de complexe aortaoperatie kan verminderen. Voor de segmentatie van een interessegebied importeer je alle computertomografie- en geografieafbeeldingen in de software in een DICOM-formaat en dubbelklik je om de patiëntencase binnen de casebibliotheek te openen.Selecteer de DICOM-serie en klik op modelrecon om de pagina modelreconstructie te openen. Laat een ingenieur en een team van hartchirurgen de ruwe gegevens van DICOM beoordelen om belangrijke anatomische kenmerken en regio's van belang te identificeren. Als u het gebied wilt segmenteren, klikt u op drempelsegmentatie en past u het drempelbereik voor het vasculaire masker aan.Klik op bevestigen om het vasculaire masker in de objectlijst te genereren en klik op verkenning om het 3D-vasculaire masker in de 3D-viewer te reconstrueren. Klik opnieuw op drempelsegmentatie en pas het drempelbereik voor het tracheamasker aan. Klik op selectiekadersegmentatie om het interessegebied te beperken voor het mediastinum en de longen en klik op maskerbewerking om de verbinding tussen de luchtpijp en de long te wissen.Klik op regiogroei en klik op een punt van het masker in een van de 2D-kijkers om een zaad te selecteren. Controleer of de regio hierdoor groeit en dat het luchtpijpmasker wordt weergegeven in de objectlijst. Klik vervolgens op verkenning om de 3D-luchtpijp in de 3D-viewer te reconstrueren en het gebied van belang op te slaan als een masker.Voor 3D reconstructie van het gebied van belang klik op exporteren om het 3D-model te exporteren als een standaard driehoek taalbestand en de positie van het model op het midden van het gebouw platform. Lijn de raaklijn van de middenlijn van het schip aan de uiteinden uit, zodat deze parallel loopt aan de Z-as van het platform. Er worden automatisch ondersteuningen gegenereerd voor de uitsteeklengten.Klik op slicen en opslaan en stel de juiste 3D-afdrukparameters in op een stereolithografische printer. Scan na het afdrukken de contouren die door de software zijn gesneden met ultraviolet licht van 405 nanometer om de lichtgevoelige hars te verharden met een scansnelheid van drie meter per seconde. Laat de chirurgen vervolgens voor de operatie het 3D-geprinte model gebruiken om gedetailleerde en nauwkeurige chirurgische plannen te maken voor de patiënt waaruit het 3D-model is gegenereerd.Met behulp van beelden van het coronale vlak, het transversale vlak en het sagittale vlak, kan de computertomografie en aardrijkskundebeeld worden gereconstrueerd tot een 3D-model zoals aangetoond. In deze beelden kan de anatomische relatie tussen de aorta en de luchtpijp langs de Y-as worden waargenomen. Na de ontwikkeling maakte deze technologie de weg vrij voor onderzoekers op het gebied van 3D-printen om vasculaire anomalie in aortachirurgie te verkennen.

three-dimensional-printing-of-a-complex-aortic-anomaly

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Heterotypic Three-dimensional In Vitro Modeling of Stromal-Epithelial Interactions During Ovarian Cancer Initiation and Progression

Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy in Western societies. Despite advances in surgical treatments and improved platinum-based chemotherapies, there has been little improvement in EOC survival rates for more than four decades 1,2. Whilst stage I tumors have 5-year survival rates &gt;85%, survival rates for stage III/IV disease are &lt;40%. Thus, the high rates of mortality for EOC could be significantly decreased if tumors were detected at earlier, more treatable, stages 3-5. At present, the molecular genetic and biological basis of early stage disease development is poorly understood. More specifically, little is known about the role of the microenvironment during tumor initiation; but known risk factors for EOCs (e.g. age and parity) suggest that the microenvironment plays a key role in the early genesis of EOCs. We therefore developed three-dimensional heterotypic models of both the normal ovary and of early stage ovarian cancers. For the normal ovary, we co-cultured normal ovarian surface epithelial (IOSE) and normal stromal fibroblast (INOF)&nbsp;cells, immortalized by retrovrial transduction of the catalytic subunit of human telomerase holoenzyme (hTERT) to extend the lifespan of these cells in culture. To model the earliest stages of ovarian epithelial cell transformation, overexpression of the CMYC oncogene in IOSE cells, again co-cultured with INOF cells. These heterotypic models were used to investigate the effects of aging and senescence on the transformation and invasion of epithelial cells. Here we describe the methodological steps in development of these three-dimensional model; these methodologies aren't specific to the development of normal ovary and ovarian cancer tissues, and could be used to study other tissue types where stromal and epithelial cell interactions are a fundamental aspect of the tissue maintenance and disease development.

Heterotypic Three-dimensional In Vitro Modeling of Stromal-Epithelial Interactions During Ovarian Cancer Initiation and Progression

We describe methodologies for establishing in vitro heterotypic three-dimensional models comprising ovarian fibroblasts and normal ovarian surface or ovarian cancer epithelial cells. We discuss the use of these models to study stromal-epithelial interactions that occur during ovarian cancer development.

Heterotypische Driedimensionale<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Modellering van Stroma-epitheliale interacties tijdens eierstokkanker initiatie en progressie

Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy in Western societies. Despite advances in surgical ...

Three Dimensional Cultures: A Tool To Study Normal Acinar Architecture vs. Malignant Transformation Of Breast Cells

Invasive breast carcinomas are a group of malignant epithelial tumors characterized by the invasion of adjacent tissues and propensity to metastasize. The interplay of signals between cancer cells and their microenvironment exerts a powerful influence on breast cancer growth and biological behavior1. However, most of these signals from the extracellular matrix are lost or their relevance is understudied when cells are grown in two dimensional culture (2D) as a monolayer. In recent years, three dimensional (3D) culture on a reconstituted basement membrane has emerged as a method of choice to recapitulate the tissue architecture of benign and malignant breast cells. Cells grown in 3D retain the important cues from the extracellular matrix and provide a physiologically relevant ex&#160;vivo system2,3. Of note, there is growing evidence suggesting that cells behave differently when grown in 3D as compared to 2D4. 3D culture can be effectively used as a means to differentiate the malignant phenotype from the benign breast phenotype and for underpinning the cellular and molecular signaling involved3. One of the distinguishing characteristics of benign epithelial cells is that they are polarized so that the apical cytoplasm is towards the lumen and the basal cytoplasm rests on the basement membrane. This apico-basal polarity is lost in invasive breast carcinomas, which are characterized by cellular disorganization and formation of anastomosing and branching tubules that haphazardly infiltrates the surrounding stroma. These histopathological differences between benign gland and invasive carcinoma can be reproduced in 3D6,7. Using the appropriate read-outs like the quantitation of single round acinar structures, or differential expression of validated molecular markers for cell proliferation, polarity and apoptosis in combination with other molecular and cell biology techniques, 3D culture can provide an important tool to better understand the cellular changes during malignant transformation and for delineating the responsible signaling.

Three dimensional culture of mammary epithelial cells on a reconstituted basement membrane is a useful method to recapitulate the in vivo architecture of the benign breast, and to differentiate the malignant phenotype from the benign breast phenotype. Importantly, this system can be applied to study invasive carcinomas in other tissues.

Drie dimensionaal culturen: Een hulpmiddel om te studeren Normaal Acinaire Architectuur versus maligne transformatie van cellen borst

Invasive breast carcinomas are a group of malignant epithelial tumors characterized by the invasion of adjacent tissues and propensity to metastasize. The ...

Quantification of Breast Cancer Cell Invasiveness Using a Three-dimensional (3D) Model

It is now well known that the cellular and tissue microenvironment are critical regulators influencing tumor initiation and progression. Moreover, the extracellular matrix (ECM) has been demonstrated to be a critical regulator of cell behavior in culture and homeostasis in vivo. The current approach of culturing cells on two-dimensional (2D), plastic surfaces results in the disturbance and loss of complex interactions between cells and their microenvironment. Through the use of three-dimensional (3D) culture assays, the conditions for cell-microenvironment interaction are established resembling the in vivo microenvironment. This article provides a detailed methodology to grow breast cancer cells in a 3D basement membrane protein matrix, exemplifying the potential of 3D culture in the assessment of cell invasion into the surrounding environment. In addition, we discuss how these 3D assays have the potential to examine the loss of signaling molecules that regulate epithelial morphology by immunostaining procedures. These studies aid to identify important mechanistic details into the processes regulating invasion, required for the spread of breast cancer.

Quantification of Breast Cancer Cell Invasiveness Using a Three-dimensional 3D Model

This article provides detailed methodologies for the use of three-dimensional (3D) assays to quantify breast cancer cell invasion. Specifically, we discuss the procedures required to set up such assays, quantification, and data analysis, as well as methods to examine the loss of membrane integrity that occurs when cells invade.

Kwantificering van de Breast Cancer Cell Invasiviteit met een drie-dimensionale (3D) Model

It is now well known that the cellular and tissue microenvironment are critical regulators influencing tumor initiation and progression. Moreover, the ...

Three-dimensional Co-culture Model for Tumor-stromal Interaction

Cancer progression (initiation, growth, invasion and metastasis) occurs through interactions between malignant cells and the surrounding tumor stromal cells. The tumor microenvironment is comprised of a variety of cell types, such as fibroblasts, immune cells, vascular endothelial cells, pericytes and bone-marrow-derived cells, embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have a pro-tumorigenic role through the secretion of soluble factors, angiogenesis and ECM remodeling. The experimental models for cancer cell survival, proliferation, migration, and invasion have mostly relied on two-dimensional monocellular and monolayer tissue cultures or Boyden chamber assays. However, these experiments do not precisely reflect the physiological or pathological conditions in a diseased organ. To gain a better understanding of tumor stromal or tumor matrix interactions, multicellular and three-dimensional cultures provide more powerful tools for investigating intercellular communication and ECM-dependent modulation of cancer cell behavior. As a platform for this type of study, we present an experimental model in which cancer cells are cultured on collagen gels embedded with primary cultures of CAFs.

Here we present a protocol to co-culture in three-dimensions, which is useful for investigating multicellular interactions and extracellular matrix-dependent modulation of cancer cell behavior. In this experimental model, cancer cells are cultured on collagen gels embedded with human cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Driedimensionale Co-cultuur Model voor Tumor-stromale Interactie

Cancer progression (initiation, growth, invasion and metastasis) occurs through interactions between malignant cells and the surrounding tumor stromal ...

Three-Dimensional (3D) Tumor Spheroid Invasion Assay

Invasion of surrounding normal tissues is generally considered to be a key hallmark of malignant (as opposed to benign) tumors. For some cancers in particular (e.g., brain tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck &#8211; SCCHN) it is a cause of severe morbidity and can be life-threatening even in the absence of distant metastases. In addition, cancers which have relapsed following treatment unfortunately often present with a more aggressive phenotype. Therefore, there is an opportunity to target the process of invasion to provide novel therapies that could be complementary to standard anti-proliferative agents. Until now, this strategy has been hampered by the lack of robust, reproducible assays suitable for a detailed analysis of invasion and for drug screening. Here we provide a simple micro-plate method (based on uniform, self-assembling 3D tumor spheroids) which has great potential for such studies. We exemplify the assay platform using a human glioblastoma cell line and also an SCCHN model where the development of resistance against targeted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors is associated with enhanced matrix-invasive potential. We also provide two alternative methods of semi-automated quantification: one using an imaging cytometer and a second which simply requires standard microscopy and image capture with digital image analysis.

Three-Dimensional 3D Tumor Spheroid Invasion Assay

Invasion of surrounding normal tissues is a defining characteristic of malignant tumors. We provide here a simple, semi-automated micro-plate assay of invasion into a natural 3D biomatrix that has been exemplified with a number of models of advanced human cancers.

Driedimensionale (3D) Tumor Spheroid Invasion Assay

Invasion of surrounding normal tissues is generally considered to be a key hallmark of malignant (as opposed to benign) tumors. For some cancers in ...

Three-dimensional Alginate-bead Culture of Human Pituitary Adenoma Cells

A three-dimensional culture method is described in which primary pituitary adenoma cells are grown in alginate beads. Alginate is a polymer derived from brown sea algae. Briefly, the tumor tissue is cut into small pieces and submitted to an enzymatic digestion with collagenase and trypsin. Next, a cell suspension is obtained. The tumor cell suspension is mixed with 1.2% sodium alginate and dropped into a CaCl2 solution, and the alginate/cell suspension is gelled on contact with the CaCl2 to form spherical beads. The cells embedded in the alginate beads are supplied with nutrients provided by the culture media enriched with 20% FBS. Three-dimensional culture in alginate beads maintains the viability of adenoma cells for long periods of time, up to four months. Moreover, the cells can be liberated from the alginate by washing the beads with sodium citrate and seeded on glass coverslips for further immunocytochemical analyses. The use of a cell culture model allows for the fixation and visualization of the actin cytoskeleton with minimal disorganization. In summary, alginate beads provide a reliable culture system for the maintenance of pituitary adenoma cells.

Three-dimensional culture in alginate beads, due to its simplicity and reproducibility, was chosen to maintain the pituitary adenoma cells. The procedures included an initial enzymatic digestion and mechanical dissociation of the tumor tissue, and the subsequent cell suspension was encapsulated in alginate beads.

Driedimensionale alginaat-bead cultuur van de mens hypofyseadenoom Cells

A three-dimensional culture method is described in which primary pituitary adenoma cells are grown in alginate beads. Alginate is a polymer derived from ...

Three-Dimensional Printing Guide Template Assisted Percutaneous Vertebroplasty (PVP)

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is considered an effective treatment for the back pain caused by osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. The accuracy of PVP mainly depends on the surgeons&#39; experience and multiple fluoroscopes during a traditional procedure. Puncture related complications were reported all over the world. To make the surgical procedure more precise and decrease the rate of puncture-related complications, our team applied a three-dimensional printing guide template to PVP to modify the traditional procedure. This protocol introduces how to model target vertebrae DICOM imaging data into three-dimensions in the software, how to simulate operation in this 3-D model, and how to use all of the surgical data to reconstruct a patient specific template for application. Using this template, surgeons can identify suitable puncture points accurately to improve the accuracy of the operation. The whole protocol includes: 1) diagnosis of the osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture; 2) acquisition of CT imaging of the target vertebra; 3) simulation of the operation in the software; 4) design and fabrication of the 3-D printing guide template; and 5) application of the template into an operation procedure.

Three-Dimensional Printing Guide Template Assisted Percutaneous Vertebroplasty PVP

Herein, we present a three-dimensional printing guide template for percutaneous vertebraplasty. A patient with a T11 vertebral compression fracture was selected as a case study.

Driedimensionale print gids sjabloon bijgestaan percutane VERTEBROPLASTY (PVP)

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is considered an effective treatment for the back pain caused by osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. The ...

Multicolor 3D Printing of Complex Intracranial Tumors in Neurosurgery

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies offer the possibility of visualizing patient-specific pathologies in a physical model of correct dimensions. The model can be used for planning and simulating critical steps of a surgical approach. Therefore, it is important that anatomical structures such as blood vessels inside a tumor can be printed to be colored not only on their surface, but throughout their whole volume. During simulation this allows for the removal of certain parts (e.g., with a high-speed drill) and revealing internally located structures of a different color. Thus, diagnostic information from various imaging modalities (e.g., CT, MRI) can be combined in a single compact and tangible object.
However, preparation and printing of such a fully colored anatomical model remains a difficult task. Therefore, a step-by-step guide is provided, demonstrating the fusion of different cross-sectional imaging data sets, segmentation of anatomical structures, and creation of a virtual model. In a second step the virtual model is printed with volumetrically colored anatomical structures using a plaster-based color 3D binder jetting technique. This method allows highly accurate reproduction of patient-specific anatomy as shown in a series of 3D-printed petrous apex chondrosarcomas. Furthermore, the models created can be cut and drilled, revealing internal structures that allow for simulation of surgical procedures.

The protocol describes the fabrication of fully colored three-dimensional prints of patient-specific, anatomical skull models to be used for surgical simulation. The crucial steps of combining different imaging modalities, image segmentation, three-dimensional model extraction, and production of the prints are explained.

Multicolor 3D printen van complexe intracraniële tumoren in Neurochirurgie

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies offer the possibility of visualizing patient-specific pathologies in a physical model of correct dimensions. ...

Three-Dimensional Collagen Matrix Scaffold Implantation as a Liver Regeneration Strategy

Liver diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Excessive alcohol consumption, a high-fat diet, and hepatitis C virus infection promote fibrosis, cirrhosis, and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation is the clinically recommended procedure to improve and extend the life span of patients in advanced disease stages. However, only 10% of transplants are successful, with organ availability, presurgical and postsurgical procedures, and elevated costs directly correlated with that result. Extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds have emerged as an alternative for tissue restoration. Biocompatibility and graft acceptance are the main beneficial characteristics of those biomaterials. Although the capacity to restore the size and correct function of the liver has been evaluated in liver hepatectomy models, the use of scaffolds or some kind of support to replace the volume of the extirpated liver mass has not been assessed.
Partial hepatectomy was performed in a rat liver with the xenoimplantation of a collagen matrix scaffold (CMS) from a bovine condyle. Left liver lobe tissue was removed (approximately 40%), and an equal proportion of CMS was surgically implanted. Liver function tests were evaluated before and after the surgical procedure. After days 3, 14, and 21, the animals were euthanized, and macroscopic and histologic evaluations were performed. On days 3 and 14, adipose tissue was observed surrounding the CMS, with no clinical evidence of rejection or infection, as was vessel neoformation and CMS reabsorption at day 21. There was histologic evidence of an insignificant inflammation process and migration of adjacent cells to the CMS, observed with the hematoxylin and eosin (H&#38;E) and Masson&#39;s trichrome staining. The CMS was shown to perform well in liver tissue and could be a useful alternative for studying tissue regeneration and repair in chronic liver diseases.

Liver diseases are induced by many causes that promote fibrosis or cirrhosis. Transplantation is the only option for recovering health. However, given the scarcity of transplantable organs, alternatives must be explored. Our research proposes the implantation of collagen scaffolds in liver tissue from an animal model.

Driedimensionale collageenmatrixsteigerimplantatie als leverregeneratiestrategie

Liver diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Excessive alcohol consumption, a high-fat diet, and hepatitis C virus infection promote fibrosis, ...

Three-Dimensional Finger Motion Tracking during Needling: A Solution for the Kinematic Analysis of Acupuncture Manipulation

Three-dimensional (3D) motion tracking has been used in many fields, such as the researches of sport and medical skills. This experiment aimed to use 3D motion tracking technology to measure the kinematic parameters of the joints of fingers during acupuncture manipulation (AM) and establish three technical indicators "amplitude, velocity and time". This method can reflect the operation characteristics of AM and provide quantitative parameters along three axes of multiple finger joints. The current evidence shows that the method has great potential for future applications such as the study of the dose-effect relationship of acupuncture, teaching, and learning of AM, and the measurement and preservation of famous acupuncturists' AM.

This experimental method describes a solution for the kinematic analysis of acupuncture manipulation with three-dimensional finger motion tracking technology.

Driedimensionale vingerbewegingstracking tijdens Needling: een oplossing voor de kinematische analyse van acupunctuurmanipulatie

Three-dimensional (3D) motion tracking has been used in many fields, such as the researches of sport and medical skills. This experiment aimed to use 3D ...