Name: three-dimensional printing of a complex aortic anomaly
Uploaded: 2018-11-01T13:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly at JoVE.com

Les auteurs reconnaissent le financement National Natural Science Foundation de la Chine (no 81771971), Shanghai Pujiang programme (n° 14PJD008 et 17PJ1401500), « Chen Guang » projet soutenu par la Commission municipale de l’éducation de Shanghai et de l’éducation de Shanghai Fondation pour le développement (no 14 CG 06), la Fondation des sciences naturelles de Shanghai (nos 17411962800 et 17ZR1432900) et de la Science et Technology Commission de la municipalité de Shanghai (17JC1400200). W.Z. reconnaît le financement de la Fondation nationale sciences naturelles de Chine (31501555 et 81772007 et 21734003), 1000 jeunes Talents Program la Chine, Commission de l’éducation de la municipalité de Shanghai (Young orientale Professorship Award) et Science et Commission de la technologie de la municipalité de Shanghai (17JC1400200 et 16391903900).

La présente étude a été approuvée par le Comité d’éthique de l’hôpital de l’Université de Fudan Zhongshan (B2016-142R) et tous les participants ont donné leur consentement éclairé.
1. diagnostic de l’anomalie aortique par des symptômes et d’Acquisition de données d’imagerie
<ol><li>Identifier les patients qui présentent des symptômes comme des douleurs thoraciques, dysphagie ou une différence de pression artérielle des membres supérieurs en clinique externe. Ex...

<ol>
	<li>Tanaka, A., Milner, R., Ota, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Kommerell's+diverticulum+in+the+current+era:+a+comprehensive+review.">Kommerell's diverticulum in the current era: a comprehensive review.</a> General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 63 (5), 245-259 (2015).</li><li>Rosu, C., Dorval, J. F., Abraham, C. Z., Cartier, R., Demers, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Single-stage+hybrid+repair+of+right+aortic+arch+with+Kommerell's+Diverticulum.">Single-stage hybrid repair of right aortic arch with Kommerell's Diverticulum.</a> The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 103 (4), e381-e384 (2017).</li><li>Idrees, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hybrid+repair+of+Kommerell+diverticulum.">Hybrid repair of Kommerell diverticulum.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 147 (3), 973-976 (2014).</li><li>Kankala, R. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fabrication+of+arbitrary+3-D+components+in+cardiac+surgery:+from+macro-,+micro-+to+nanoscale.">Fabrication of arbitrary 3-D components in cardiac surgery: from macro-, micro- to nanoscale.</a> Biofabrication. 9 (3), 032002 (2017).</li><li>Vukicevic, M., Mosadegh, B., Min, J. K., Little, S. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Cardiac+3-D+printing+and+its+future+directions.">Cardiac 3-D printing and its future directions.</a> JACC Cardiovascular Imaging. 10 (2), 171-184 (2017).</li><li>Yoo, S. J., Spray, T., Austin, E. H., Yun, T. J., van Arsdell, G. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Hands-on+surgical+training+of+congenital+heart+surgery+using+3-dimensional+print+models.">Hands-on surgical training of congenital heart surgery using 3-dimensional print models.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 153 (6), 1530-1540 (2017).</li><li>Hermsen, J. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Scan,+print,+practice,+perform:+Development+and+use+of+a+patient-specific+3-dimensionalprinted+model+in+adult+cardiac+surgery.">Scan, print, practice, perform: Development and use of a patient-specific 3-dimensionalprinted model in adult cardiac surgery.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 153 (1), 132-140 (2017).</li><li>Sun, X., Zhang, H., Zhu, K., Wang, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Patient-specific+three-dimensional+printing+for+Kommerell's+diverticulum.">Patient-specific three-dimensional printing for Kommerell's diverticulum.</a> International Journal of Cardiology. 255, 184-187 (2018).</li><li>Ota, T., Okada, K., Takanashi, S., Yamamoto, S., Okita, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surgical+treatment+for+Kommerell's+diverticulum.">Surgical treatment for Kommerell's diverticulum.</a> The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 131 (3), 574-578 (2006).</li><li>Agematsu, K., Ueda, T., Hoshino, S., Nishiya, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rupture+of+Kommerell+diverticulum+after+total+arch+replacement.">Rupture of Kommerell diverticulum after total arch replacement.</a> Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery. 11 (6), 800-802 (2010).</li></ol>

Congenital anomalies aortiques représentent un spectre rare de maladies cardiovasculaires, qui présentent souvent des anomalies aortiques complexes. Imagerie médicale, telles que CT et IRM, sont nécessaires pour élucider les anomalies de l’arc aortique complexe, la ramification modèle, leur relation avec la trachée et l’oesophage anormal et d’autres associés à des pathologies. Angiographie de CT et de Monsieur peut fournir des informations 2D des emplacements de bateau aortique. Avec 3-d reconstruction num...

Congenital anomalies aortiques sont extrêmement rares malformations congénitales du système arc aortique. Ils peuvent être diagnostiqués par évaluation des entités comme la dysphagie ou par analyse d’imagerie ou sous-clavière voler1. Dans des scénarios cliniques, il est important d’identifier l’anomalie anatomique dans l’espace clos chirurgicale qui a limité la visualisation au cours de la chirurgie2,3. Actuellement, les classique plane à deux dimensions (2d) imagerie, comme la tomodensitométrie (TDM) et l’imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM), sont habituellement présentés aux chirurgiens avant la chirurgie. Toutefois, il est difficile pour les chirurgiens à l’image de l’anomalie basée sur l’imagerie 2D. Par conséquent, qu’ils pourraient rencontrer des difficultés imprévisibles en essayant de séparer les vaisseaux aortiques complexes pendant la chirurgie. Dommage imprévisible pour le navire, la trachée et l’oesophage pourrait se produire et aboutir à des résultats désastreux.
Au cours de la dernière décennie, la modélisation d’imagerie 3D a été utilisée en chirurgie cardiaque pour aider les chirurgiens à comprendre l’anomalie anatomique complexe4,5,6,7. En trois dimensions (3d) technologie d’impression peut aider à convertir les données de modélisation en un modèle physique. Par rapport à la reconstruction numérique, 3D maquettes imprimées pourraient présenter une meilleure compréhension des détails anatomiques et offrent une vue intuitifs de la malformation. Pour la chirurgie aortique anomalie, le modèle 3D intuitionnel imprimé est important car mauvaise compréhension des lieux aortique pourrait être désastreuse pour les patients. Au cours de la chirurgie, toute erreur pourrait entraîner saignements imprévisibles et des blessures. En utilisant les modèles imprimés, chirurgiens peuvent pleinement comprendre les relations spatiales des branches aortiques. Pendant la chirurgie, les chirurgiens peuvent également effectuer un examen en temps réel des modèles 3D pour éviter la confusion des emplacements vasculaires complexes.
Nous présentons ici un protocole pour appliquer des modèles imprimés 3D pour la planification préopératoire et orientation peropératoire tout en traitant les maladies aortiques et malformations congénitales. Diverticule de Kommerell, un type de complexe anomalie aortique congénitale, a été choisi comme étude de cas. Les étapes comprennent diagnostic basé sur l’angiographie de la tomographie par ordinateur (CTA) d’imagerie, partitionnement de régions d’intérêt, construire des modèles 3D, planification chirurgicale pré-opératoire et l’examen peropératoire de modèles imprimés 3D8. Cette stratégie d’impression 3D pourrait réduire considérablement le risque de lésion des tissus imprévisible pendant la chirurgie.

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			<td height="25" style="height:25px;width:247px;">3D printer</td>
			<td style="width:231px;">Meditool Enterprise Co., Ltd</td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td style="width:297px;">For 3D printing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;">Chaos Version 2.0</td>
			<td>Meditool Enterprise Co., Ltd</td>
			<td style="width:136px;"></td>
			<td>For 3D segmentation and reconstruction</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

three-dimensional printing of a complex aortic anomaly

Des anomalies congénitales aortiques complexes comprennent divers types de malformations qui peuvent être cliniquement asymptomatique ou présente des symptômes respiratoires ou oesophagiennes. Ces anomalies peuvent être associés avec d’autres maladies cardiaques congénitales. Il est difficile d’identifier l’emplacement de bateau anatomique exacte à partir des données d’imagerie bidimensionnelles, tels que la tomographie par ordinateur. Comme une méthode de fabrication additive, en trois dimensions (3d) impression peut convertir les données d’imagerie acquises dans 3D modèles physiques. Ce protocole décrit la procédure pour la modélisation la DICOM volumétrique d’imagerie en 3D données et imprimer un modèle 3D anatomiquement réaliste. En utilisant ce modèle, chirurgiens peuvent identifier l’emplacement de bateau des anomalies aortiques complexes, qui est utile pour la planification préopératoire et orientation peropératoire.

Acquisition d’images Angiographie CT, modélisation numérique et l’impression 3D ont toutes été menées dans un hôpital. Deux heures ont été consacrées pour obtenir le modèle 3D de l’image de l’angiographie de CT prêt pour l’impression 3D. À l’aide de la procédure et l’imprimante 3D ici, un modèle physique 3D spécifique au patient peut être envoyé aux médecins rapidement et la décision chirurgicale est possible dans le temps. Le flux de travail de l’acquis...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly at JoVE.com

Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complex Aortic Anomaly

Nous présentons ici un protocole pour utiliser trois modèles imprimés dimensionnelles pour la planification préopératoire et réorganisation peropératoire des emplacements vasculaires compliqués lorsque vous manipulez une anomalie aortique congénitale.

Impression en trois dimensions d’une anomalie aortique complexe

Complex congenital aortic anomalies include diverse types of malformations that may be clinically asymptomatic or present with respiratory or esophageal ...

Cette méthode peut aider à répondre aux questions clés dans le domaine complexe anomalie aorta sur la caméra DICOM. Le principal avantage de cette technique est que le modèle imprimé en 3D peut réduire le risque de lésions tissulaires imprévisibles pendant la chirurgie aortique complexe. Pour la segmentation d’une région d’intérêt importer toutes les images de tomographie calculée et de géographie dans le logiciel dans un format DICOM et double-cliquez pour ouvrir le cas patient dans la bibliothèque de cas.Sélectionnez la série DICOM et cliquez sur le modèle recon pour ouvrir la page de reconstruction du modèle. Qu’un ingénieur et une équipe de chirurgiens cardiaques examinent les données brutes formatées dicom pour identifier les principales caractéristiques anatomiques et les régions d’intérêt. Pour segmenter la région, cliquez sur segmentation du seuil et ajustez la plage de seuil pour le masque vasculaire.Cliquez sur confirmer pour générer le masque vasculaire dans la liste des objets et cliquez sur recon pour reconstruire le masque vasculaire 3D dans la visionneuse 3D. Cliquez à nouveau sur la segmentation du seuil et ajustez la plage de seuil pour le masque de trachée. Cliquez sur segmentation de chapiteau pour limiter la région d’intérêt pour le mediastinum et le poumon et cliquez sur masque modifier pour effacer la connexion entre la trachée et le poumon.Cliquez sur la région grandir et cliquez sur n’importe quel point du masque dans l’un des téléspectateurs 2D pour sélectionner une graine. Confirmez que la région se développe en conséquence et que le masque de trachée s’affichera dans la liste des objets. Cliquez ensuite sur recon pour reconstruire la trachée 3D dans la visionneuse 3D et enregistrer la région d’intérêt comme masque.Pour la reconstruction 3D de la région d’intérêt cliquez sur l’exportation pour exporter le modèle 3D comme un fichier de langue triangle standard et positionner le modèle sur le centre de la plate-forme de construction. Aligner la tangente de la ligne centrale du navire à son extrémité de sorte qu’elle soit parallèle à l’axe Z de la plate-forme. Les supports seront générés automatiquement sur les surplombs.Cliquez sur trancher et enregistrer et définir les paramètres d’impression 3D appropriés sur une imprimante stéréolithographique. Après impression, numériser les contours tranchés par le logiciel avec 405 nanomètres de lumière ultraviolette pour durcir la résine photosensible à un taux de balayage de trois mètres par seconde. Puis, avant la chirurgie, demander aux chirurgiens d’utiliser le modèle imprimé en 3D pour faire des plans chirurgicaux détaillés et précis pour le patient à partir duquel le modèle 3D a été généré.À l’aide d’images du plan coronal, du plan transversal et du plan sagittal, la tomographie calculée et l’image géographique peuvent être reconstituées en modèle 3D comme démontré. Dans ces images, la relation anatomique entre l’aorte et la trachée le long de l’axe Y peut être observée. Après son développement, cette technologie a ouvert la voie à des chercheurs dans le domaine de l’impression 3D pour explorer les anomalies vasculaires en chirurgie aortique.

three-dimensional-printing-of-a-complex-aortic-anomaly

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Heterotypic Three-dimensional In Vitro Modeling of Stromal-Epithelial Interactions During Ovarian Cancer Initiation and Progression

Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy in Western societies. Despite advances in surgical treatments and improved platinum-based chemotherapies, there has been little improvement in EOC survival rates for more than four decades 1,2. Whilst stage I tumors have 5-year survival rates &gt;85%, survival rates for stage III/IV disease are &lt;40%. Thus, the high rates of mortality for EOC could be significantly decreased if tumors were detected at earlier, more treatable, stages 3-5. At present, the molecular genetic and biological basis of early stage disease development is poorly understood. More specifically, little is known about the role of the microenvironment during tumor initiation; but known risk factors for EOCs (e.g. age and parity) suggest that the microenvironment plays a key role in the early genesis of EOCs. We therefore developed three-dimensional heterotypic models of both the normal ovary and of early stage ovarian cancers. For the normal ovary, we co-cultured normal ovarian surface epithelial (IOSE) and normal stromal fibroblast (INOF)&nbsp;cells, immortalized by retrovrial transduction of the catalytic subunit of human telomerase holoenzyme (hTERT) to extend the lifespan of these cells in culture. To model the earliest stages of ovarian epithelial cell transformation, overexpression of the CMYC oncogene in IOSE cells, again co-cultured with INOF cells. These heterotypic models were used to investigate the effects of aging and senescence on the transformation and invasion of epithelial cells. Here we describe the methodological steps in development of these three-dimensional model; these methodologies aren't specific to the development of normal ovary and ovarian cancer tissues, and could be used to study other tissue types where stromal and epithelial cell interactions are a fundamental aspect of the tissue maintenance and disease development.

Heterotypic Three-dimensional In Vitro Modeling of Stromal-Epithelial Interactions During Ovarian Cancer Initiation and Progression

We describe methodologies for establishing in vitro heterotypic three-dimensional models comprising ovarian fibroblasts and normal ovarian surface or ovarian cancer epithelial cells. We discuss the use of these models to study stromal-epithelial interactions that occur during ovarian cancer development.

Hétérotypique tridimensionnelle<em&gt; In Vitro</em&gt; Modélisation des interactions stroma-épithéliales lors de l&#39;initiation et la progression du cancer des ovaires

Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy in Western societies. Despite advances in surgical ...

Recherche

Médecine

Three Dimensional Cultures: A Tool To Study Normal Acinar Architecture vs. Malignant Transformation Of Breast Cells

Invasive breast carcinomas are a group of malignant epithelial tumors characterized by the invasion of adjacent tissues and propensity to metastasize. The interplay of signals between cancer cells and their microenvironment exerts a powerful influence on breast cancer growth and biological behavior1. However, most of these signals from the extracellular matrix are lost or their relevance is understudied when cells are grown in two dimensional culture (2D) as a monolayer. In recent years, three dimensional (3D) culture on a reconstituted basement membrane has emerged as a method of choice to recapitulate the tissue architecture of benign and malignant breast cells. Cells grown in 3D retain the important cues from the extracellular matrix and provide a physiologically relevant ex&#160;vivo system2,3. Of note, there is growing evidence suggesting that cells behave differently when grown in 3D as compared to 2D4. 3D culture can be effectively used as a means to differentiate the malignant phenotype from the benign breast phenotype and for underpinning the cellular and molecular signaling involved3. One of the distinguishing characteristics of benign epithelial cells is that they are polarized so that the apical cytoplasm is towards the lumen and the basal cytoplasm rests on the basement membrane. This apico-basal polarity is lost in invasive breast carcinomas, which are characterized by cellular disorganization and formation of anastomosing and branching tubules that haphazardly infiltrates the surrounding stroma. These histopathological differences between benign gland and invasive carcinoma can be reproduced in 3D6,7. Using the appropriate read-outs like the quantitation of single round acinar structures, or differential expression of validated molecular markers for cell proliferation, polarity and apoptosis in combination with other molecular and cell biology techniques, 3D culture can provide an important tool to better understand the cellular changes during malignant transformation and for delineating the responsible signaling.

Three dimensional culture of mammary epithelial cells on a reconstituted basement membrane is a useful method to recapitulate the in vivo architecture of the benign breast, and to differentiate the malignant phenotype from the benign breast phenotype. Importantly, this system can be applied to study invasive carcinomas in other tissues.

Trois Cultures dimensionnelles: un outil pour étudier l&#39;architecture normale Acinaire vs transformation maligne des cellules mammaires

Invasive breast carcinomas are a group of malignant epithelial tumors characterized by the invasion of adjacent tissues and propensity to metastasize. The ...

Quantification of Breast Cancer Cell Invasiveness Using a Three-dimensional (3D) Model

It is now well known that the cellular and tissue microenvironment are critical regulators influencing tumor initiation and progression. Moreover, the extracellular matrix (ECM) has been demonstrated to be a critical regulator of cell behavior in culture and homeostasis in vivo. The current approach of culturing cells on two-dimensional (2D), plastic surfaces results in the disturbance and loss of complex interactions between cells and their microenvironment. Through the use of three-dimensional (3D) culture assays, the conditions for cell-microenvironment interaction are established resembling the in vivo microenvironment. This article provides a detailed methodology to grow breast cancer cells in a 3D basement membrane protein matrix, exemplifying the potential of 3D culture in the assessment of cell invasion into the surrounding environment. In addition, we discuss how these 3D assays have the potential to examine the loss of signaling molecules that regulate epithelial morphology by immunostaining procedures. These studies aid to identify important mechanistic details into the processes regulating invasion, required for the spread of breast cancer.

Quantification of Breast Cancer Cell Invasiveness Using a Three-dimensional 3D Model

This article provides detailed methodologies for the use of three-dimensional (3D) assays to quantify breast cancer cell invasion. Specifically, we discuss the procedures required to set up such assays, quantification, and data analysis, as well as methods to examine the loss of membrane integrity that occurs when cells invade.

Quantification du cancer du sein cellulaire envahissement aide d&#39;un (3D) du modèle en trois dimensions

It is now well known that the cellular and tissue microenvironment are critical regulators influencing tumor initiation and progression. Moreover, the ...

Three-dimensional Co-culture Model for Tumor-stromal Interaction

Cancer progression (initiation, growth, invasion and metastasis) occurs through interactions between malignant cells and the surrounding tumor stromal cells. The tumor microenvironment is comprised of a variety of cell types, such as fibroblasts, immune cells, vascular endothelial cells, pericytes and bone-marrow-derived cells, embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have a pro-tumorigenic role through the secretion of soluble factors, angiogenesis and ECM remodeling. The experimental models for cancer cell survival, proliferation, migration, and invasion have mostly relied on two-dimensional monocellular and monolayer tissue cultures or Boyden chamber assays. However, these experiments do not precisely reflect the physiological or pathological conditions in a diseased organ. To gain a better understanding of tumor stromal or tumor matrix interactions, multicellular and three-dimensional cultures provide more powerful tools for investigating intercellular communication and ECM-dependent modulation of cancer cell behavior. As a platform for this type of study, we present an experimental model in which cancer cells are cultured on collagen gels embedded with primary cultures of CAFs.

Here we present a protocol to co-culture in three-dimensions, which is useful for investigating multicellular interactions and extracellular matrix-dependent modulation of cancer cell behavior. In this experimental model, cancer cells are cultured on collagen gels embedded with human cancer-associated fibroblasts.

En trois dimensions modèle de co-culture tumeur stromale-Interaction

Cancer progression (initiation, growth, invasion and metastasis) occurs through interactions between malignant cells and the surrounding tumor stromal ...

Three-Dimensional (3D) Tumor Spheroid Invasion Assay

Invasion of surrounding normal tissues is generally considered to be a key hallmark of malignant (as opposed to benign) tumors. For some cancers in particular (e.g., brain tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck &#8211; SCCHN) it is a cause of severe morbidity and can be life-threatening even in the absence of distant metastases. In addition, cancers which have relapsed following treatment unfortunately often present with a more aggressive phenotype. Therefore, there is an opportunity to target the process of invasion to provide novel therapies that could be complementary to standard anti-proliferative agents. Until now, this strategy has been hampered by the lack of robust, reproducible assays suitable for a detailed analysis of invasion and for drug screening. Here we provide a simple micro-plate method (based on uniform, self-assembling 3D tumor spheroids) which has great potential for such studies. We exemplify the assay platform using a human glioblastoma cell line and also an SCCHN model where the development of resistance against targeted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors is associated with enhanced matrix-invasive potential. We also provide two alternative methods of semi-automated quantification: one using an imaging cytometer and a second which simply requires standard microscopy and image capture with digital image analysis.

Three-Dimensional 3D Tumor Spheroid Invasion Assay

Invasion of surrounding normal tissues is a defining characteristic of malignant tumors. We provide here a simple, semi-automated micro-plate assay of invasion into a natural 3D biomatrix that has been exemplified with a number of models of advanced human cancers.

Tridimensionnelle (3D) Tumor Spheroid Invasion Assay

Invasion of surrounding normal tissues is generally considered to be a key hallmark of malignant (as opposed to benign) tumors. For some cancers in ...

Three-dimensional Alginate-bead Culture of Human Pituitary Adenoma Cells

A three-dimensional culture method is described in which primary pituitary adenoma cells are grown in alginate beads. Alginate is a polymer derived from brown sea algae. Briefly, the tumor tissue is cut into small pieces and submitted to an enzymatic digestion with collagenase and trypsin. Next, a cell suspension is obtained. The tumor cell suspension is mixed with 1.2% sodium alginate and dropped into a CaCl2 solution, and the alginate/cell suspension is gelled on contact with the CaCl2 to form spherical beads. The cells embedded in the alginate beads are supplied with nutrients provided by the culture media enriched with 20% FBS. Three-dimensional culture in alginate beads maintains the viability of adenoma cells for long periods of time, up to four months. Moreover, the cells can be liberated from the alginate by washing the beads with sodium citrate and seeded on glass coverslips for further immunocytochemical analyses. The use of a cell culture model allows for the fixation and visualization of the actin cytoskeleton with minimal disorganization. In summary, alginate beads provide a reliable culture system for the maintenance of pituitary adenoma cells.

Three-dimensional culture in alginate beads, due to its simplicity and reproducibility, was chosen to maintain the pituitary adenoma cells. The procedures included an initial enzymatic digestion and mechanical dissociation of the tumor tissue, and the subsequent cell suspension was encapsulated in alginate beads.

Tridimensionnelle Alginate-perle culture de cellules humaines adénome hypophysaire

A three-dimensional culture method is described in which primary pituitary adenoma cells are grown in alginate beads. Alginate is a polymer derived from ...

Three-Dimensional Printing Guide Template Assisted Percutaneous Vertebroplasty (PVP)

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is considered an effective treatment for the back pain caused by osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. The accuracy of PVP mainly depends on the surgeons&#39; experience and multiple fluoroscopes during a traditional procedure. Puncture related complications were reported all over the world. To make the surgical procedure more precise and decrease the rate of puncture-related complications, our team applied a three-dimensional printing guide template to PVP to modify the traditional procedure. This protocol introduces how to model target vertebrae DICOM imaging data into three-dimensions in the software, how to simulate operation in this 3-D model, and how to use all of the surgical data to reconstruct a patient specific template for application. Using this template, surgeons can identify suitable puncture points accurately to improve the accuracy of the operation. The whole protocol includes: 1) diagnosis of the osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture; 2) acquisition of CT imaging of the target vertebra; 3) simulation of the operation in the software; 4) design and fabrication of the 3-D printing guide template; and 5) application of the template into an operation procedure.

Three-Dimensional Printing Guide Template Assisted Percutaneous Vertebroplasty PVP

Herein, we present a three-dimensional printing guide template for percutaneous vertebraplasty. A patient with a T11 vertebral compression fracture was selected as a case study.

Guide d'impression tridimensionnel Template Assisted Percutaneous Vertebroplasty (PVP)

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is considered an effective treatment for the back pain caused by osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. The ...

Multicolor 3D Printing of Complex Intracranial Tumors in Neurosurgery

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies offer the possibility of visualizing patient-specific pathologies in a physical model of correct dimensions. The model can be used for planning and simulating critical steps of a surgical approach. Therefore, it is important that anatomical structures such as blood vessels inside a tumor can be printed to be colored not only on their surface, but throughout their whole volume. During simulation this allows for the removal of certain parts (e.g., with a high-speed drill) and revealing internally located structures of a different color. Thus, diagnostic information from various imaging modalities (e.g., CT, MRI) can be combined in a single compact and tangible object.
However, preparation and printing of such a fully colored anatomical model remains a difficult task. Therefore, a step-by-step guide is provided, demonstrating the fusion of different cross-sectional imaging data sets, segmentation of anatomical structures, and creation of a virtual model. In a second step the virtual model is printed with volumetrically colored anatomical structures using a plaster-based color 3D binder jetting technique. This method allows highly accurate reproduction of patient-specific anatomy as shown in a series of 3D-printed petrous apex chondrosarcomas. Furthermore, the models created can be cut and drilled, revealing internal structures that allow for simulation of surgical procedures.

The protocol describes the fabrication of fully colored three-dimensional prints of patient-specific, anatomical skull models to be used for surgical simulation. The crucial steps of combining different imaging modalities, image segmentation, three-dimensional model extraction, and production of the prints are explained.

Impression 3D multicolore des tumeurs intracrâniennes complexes en neurochirurgie

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies offer the possibility of visualizing patient-specific pathologies in a physical model of correct dimensions. ...

Three-Dimensional Collagen Matrix Scaffold Implantation as a Liver Regeneration Strategy

Liver diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Excessive alcohol consumption, a high-fat diet, and hepatitis C virus infection promote fibrosis, cirrhosis, and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation is the clinically recommended procedure to improve and extend the life span of patients in advanced disease stages. However, only 10% of transplants are successful, with organ availability, presurgical and postsurgical procedures, and elevated costs directly correlated with that result. Extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds have emerged as an alternative for tissue restoration. Biocompatibility and graft acceptance are the main beneficial characteristics of those biomaterials. Although the capacity to restore the size and correct function of the liver has been evaluated in liver hepatectomy models, the use of scaffolds or some kind of support to replace the volume of the extirpated liver mass has not been assessed.
Partial hepatectomy was performed in a rat liver with the xenoimplantation of a collagen matrix scaffold (CMS) from a bovine condyle. Left liver lobe tissue was removed (approximately 40%), and an equal proportion of CMS was surgically implanted. Liver function tests were evaluated before and after the surgical procedure. After days 3, 14, and 21, the animals were euthanized, and macroscopic and histologic evaluations were performed. On days 3 and 14, adipose tissue was observed surrounding the CMS, with no clinical evidence of rejection or infection, as was vessel neoformation and CMS reabsorption at day 21. There was histologic evidence of an insignificant inflammation process and migration of adjacent cells to the CMS, observed with the hematoxylin and eosin (H&#38;E) and Masson&#39;s trichrome staining. The CMS was shown to perform well in liver tissue and could be a useful alternative for studying tissue regeneration and repair in chronic liver diseases.

Liver diseases are induced by many causes that promote fibrosis or cirrhosis. Transplantation is the only option for recovering health. However, given the scarcity of transplantable organs, alternatives must be explored. Our research proposes the implantation of collagen scaffolds in liver tissue from an animal model.

Implantation d’échafaudage à matrice de collagène tridimensionnelle comme stratégie de régénération du foie

Liver diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Excessive alcohol consumption, a high-fat diet, and hepatitis C virus infection promote fibrosis, ...

Three-Dimensional Finger Motion Tracking during Needling: A Solution for the Kinematic Analysis of Acupuncture Manipulation

Three-dimensional (3D) motion tracking has been used in many fields, such as the researches of sport and medical skills. This experiment aimed to use 3D motion tracking technology to measure the kinematic parameters of the joints of fingers during acupuncture manipulation (AM) and establish three technical indicators "amplitude, velocity and time". This method can reflect the operation characteristics of AM and provide quantitative parameters along three axes of multiple finger joints. The current evidence shows that the method has great potential for future applications such as the study of the dose-effect relationship of acupuncture, teaching, and learning of AM, and the measurement and preservation of famous acupuncturists' AM.

This experimental method describes a solution for the kinematic analysis of acupuncture manipulation with three-dimensional finger motion tracking technology.

Suivi tridimensionnel du mouvement des doigts pendant l’aiguilletage: une solution pour l’analyse cinématique de la manipulation de l’acupuncture

Three-dimensional (3D) motion tracking has been used in many fields, such as the researches of sport and medical skills. This experiment aimed to use 3D ...