Name: fracture apparatus design and protocol optimization for closed-stabilized fractures in rodents
Uploaded: 2018-08-14T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Fracture Apparatus Design and Protocol Optimization for Closed-stabilized Fractures in Rodents at JoVE.com

这份出版物中的研究报告得到了国家卫生研究院的 F30AR071201 和 R01AR066028 的全国关节炎和肌肉骨骼和皮肤病研究所的支持。

这项议定书的制定是为了确保动物不被不必要地使用, 并幸免于一切不必要的痛苦和痛苦;它遵守所有适用的联邦、州、地方和机构的法律和指导动物研究的准则。该议定书是在一个由实验室动物医学专业兽医指导的大学范围内的实验动物医学计划的指引下制定的。该议定书得到了机构动物保育和使用委员会 (IACUC) 的审查和批准。
1. 断裂塔施工
注: 所有部件...

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A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+model+for+intramembranous+ossification+during+fracture+healing.">A model for intramembranous ossification during fracture healing.</a> Journal of Orthopaedic Research: Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. 20 (5), 1091-1098 (2002).</li><li>Cheung, K. M. C., Kaluarachi, K., Andrew, G., Lu, W., Chan, D., Cheah, K. S. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+externally+fixed+femoral+fracture+model+for+mice.">An externally fixed femoral fracture model for mice.</a> Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 21 (4), 685-690 (2003).</li><li>Connolly, C. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+reliable+externally+fixated+murine+femoral+fracture+model+that+accounts+for+variation+in+movement+between+animals.">A reliable externally fixated murine femoral fracture model that accounts for variation in movement between animals.</a> Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 21 (5), 843-849 (2003).</li><li>Histing, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+internal+locking+plate+to+study+intramembranous+bone+healing+in+a+mouse+femur+fracture+model.">An internal locking plate to study intramembranous bone healing in a mouse femur fracture model.</a> Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 28 (3), 397-402 (2010).</li><li>Gr&#246;ngr&#246;ft, I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fixation+compliance+in+a+mouse+osteotomy+model+induces+two+different+processes+of+bone+healing+but+does+not+lead+to+delayed+union.">Fixation compliance in a mouse osteotomy model induces two different processes of bone healing but does not lead to delayed union.</a> Journal of Biomechanics. 42 (13), 2089-2096 (2009).</li><li>Bonnarens, F., Einhorn, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Production+of+a+standard+closed+fracture+in+laboratory+animal+bone.">Production of a standard closed fracture in laboratory animal bone.</a> Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 2 (1), 97-101 (1984).</li><li>Huang, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+spatiotemporal+role+of+COX-2+in+osteogenic+and+chondrogenic+differentiation+of+periosteum-derived+mesenchymal+progenitors+in+fracture+repair.">The spatiotemporal role of COX-2 in osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of periosteum-derived mesenchymal progenitors in fracture repair.</a> PloS One. 9 (7), 100079 (2014).</li><li>Waki, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Profiling+microRNA+expression+during+fracture+healing.">Profiling microRNA expression during fracture healing.</a> BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 17, 83 (2016).</li><li>Yee, C. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sclerostin+antibody+treatment+improves+fracture+outcomes+in+a+Type+I+diabetic+mouse.">Sclerostin antibody treatment improves fracture outcomes in a Type I diabetic mouse.</a> Bone. 82, 122-134 (2016).</li><li>Wong, E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+low-molecular-weight+compound+enhances+ectopic+bone+formation+and+fracture+repair.">A novel low-molecular-weight compound enhances ectopic bone formation and fracture repair.</a> The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 95 (5), 454-461 (2013).</li><li>Prodinger, P. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Does+Anticoagulant+Medication+Alter+Fracture-Healing?+A+Morphological+and+Biomechanical+Evaluation+of+the+Possible+Effects+of+Rivaroxaban+and+Enoxaparin+Using+a+Rat+Closed+Fracture+Model.">Does Anticoagulant Medication Alter Fracture-Healing? A Morphological and Biomechanical Evaluation of the Possible Effects of Rivaroxaban and Enoxaparin Using a Rat Closed Fracture Model.</a> PloS One. 11 (7), 0159669 (2016).</li><li>Menzdorf, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Local+pamidronate+influences+fracture+healing+in+a+rodent+femur+fracture+model:+an+experimental+study.">Local pamidronate influences fracture healing in a rodent femur fracture model: an experimental study.</a> BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 17, 255 (2016).</li><li>Hagiwara, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fixation+stability+dictates+the+differentiation+pathway+of+periosteal+progenitor+cells+in+fracture+repair.">Fixation stability dictates the differentiation pathway of periosteal progenitor cells in fracture repair.</a> Journal of Orthopaedic Research: Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. 33 (7), 948-956 (2015).</li><li>Gardner, M. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differential+fracture+healing+resulting+from+fixation+stiffness+variability:+a+mouse+model.">Differential fracture healing resulting from fixation stiffness variability: a mouse model.</a> Journal of Orthopaedic Science: Official Journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association. 16 (3), 298-303 (2011).</li><li>Catma, M. F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Remote+ischemic+preconditioning+enhances+fracture+healing.">Remote ischemic preconditioning enhances fracture healing.</a> Journal of Orthopaedics. 12 (4), 168-173 (2015).</li><li>Lichte, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Impaired+Fracture+Healing+after+Hemorrhagic+Shock.">Impaired Fracture Healing after Hemorrhagic Shock.</a> Mediators of Inflammation. 2015, 132451 (2015).</li><li>Lopas, L. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fractures+in+geriatric+mice+show+decreased+callus+expansion+and+bone+volume.">Fractures in geriatric mice show decreased callus expansion and bone volume.</a> Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 472 (11), 3523-3532 (2014).</li><li>Bonnarens, F., Einhorn, T. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Production+of+a+standard+closed+fracture+in+laboratory+animal+bone.">Production of a standard closed fracture in laboratory animal bone.</a> Journal of orthopaedic research. 2 (1), 97-101 (1984).</li><li>Marturano, J. 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Residual strength and stiffness.</a> Journal of Biomechanics. 10 (5), 325-337 (1977).</li><li>McGee, A., Qureshi, A., Porter, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Review+of+the+biomechanics+and+patterns+of+limb+fractures.">Review of the biomechanics and patterns of limb fractures.</a> Trauma. 6 (1), 29-40 (2004).</li></ol>

这种断裂优化和生成协议为研究人员提供了一种有效的方法来获得骨折参数和执行一个微创程序, 产生精确, 可重复, 横向骨折。此外, 该协议还建立了一组常见的断裂生成参数, 从而促进了研究人员之间的方法一致性。这些参数将使创建一个常见的断开数据库, 根据各种参数 (如年龄、性别、性别和基因型) 建立骨折标准。对断裂变量的优化显著降低了样本异质性-减少了浪费时间、资源丢失?...

骨折愈合的研究对于解决大的临床和经济问题是必要的。每年有1200万多起骨折在美国治疗1, 成本为800亿美元2。男性或女性在其一生中遭受骨折的可能性为25% 和 44%, 分别为3。随着并发症的增加, 随着年龄的增长, 骨折愈合的相关问题将会增加。为了研究和解决这一问题, 需要建立可靠的断裂产生和稳定模型。啮齿类动物模型是理想地适合这个目的。它们提供临床相关性, 可以修改以解决特定的情况 (即多发伤、开放性、闭合性、缺血性和感染性骨折)。除了复制临床情况外, 动物骨折模型对于了解骨骼生物学和开发治疗和设备是很重要的。然而, 试图研究干预之间的差异可能是复杂的变异引入不一致的断裂产生。因此, 在动物模型中产生可重现和持续闭合的骨折, 对于肌肉骨骼研究领域是必不可少的。
尽管通过确保适当的遗传背景、性别、年龄和环境条件, 适当控制潜在的主体异质性, 但临床相关的一致骨损伤的产生是一个重要变量, 影响必须控制的重现性。使用不一致的裂缝进行统计比较, 实验噪声和高变异性4;此外, 骨折变异性可能导致不必要的动物死亡, 因为需要增加样本大小或必要的弄死动物的粉碎或 malpositioned 骨折。本文所述方法的目的是优化特定于样本类型的断裂生成参数, 并产生一致的断裂位置和模式。
目前的断裂产生模型分为两大类, 各有优缺点。开放性骨折 (截骨) 模型进行手术暴露骨, 之后骨折是由切割骨或削弱它, 然后手动打破它5,6,7,8。该方法的优点是裂缝部位的直接可视化, 以及更一致的断裂位置和模式。然而, 损伤途径和机制的生理和临床相关性是有限的。此外, 开放性骨折产生的方法需要手术方法和关闭的长期期间, 啮齿类动物暴露在增加的危险的污染。
封闭技术解决了许多开放技术的局限性。闭合技术产生骨折使用外部应用钝力损伤, 导致损伤的骨骼和周围组织, 更类似于人的临床损伤。最常见的方法是 Bonnarens 和埃霍恩在 1984年9描述。他们描述了一个加权断头台被用来传授钝外伤, 以打破骨骼, 而不造成任何外部皮肤创伤。该方法已广泛应用于研究遗传学 10、11、药理治疗12、13、14、15、力学16的效果,17、生理学18、19、20对小鼠和大鼠骨愈合的影响。闭合方法的好处是生理上相关的断裂, 实验的重现性和严密是受断裂非均质的限制。不一致的断裂产生的结果是有限的组间分化, 失去标本, 并增加动物需要达到统计学意义。
控制断裂产生和稳定的变异性是产生有意义结果的必要条件。为了正确研究骨折修复的生物学, 需要一个简单而健壮的断裂模型。该模型应可翻译为啮齿动物物种, 骨骼类型 (例如股骨或胫骨), 并跨越可变的小鼠遗传背景和诱发突变。此外, 理想的程序应该在技术上简单, 并产生一致的结果。为解决骨折异质性, 本文所描述的方法是构造一个良好的控制骨折装置, 然后可以用来优化参数和产生一致闭合的骨折, 无论年龄, 性别, 或基因型。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:911px;" width="910">
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			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:240px;">Support Subassembly</td>
			<td style="width:209px;"></td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td style="width:315px;">Supplementary Figure 1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;">Beam, Support--Jaw Section&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td>1003 x 9.00</td>
			<td>w/ #7042 at A, C, in Left End</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;">Beam, Support--Horizontal Section</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td>1002 x 14.00</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;">Beam, Support--Vertical 1</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td>1050 x 10.50&#160;</td>
			<td>w/ #7042 at A in Left End and at A in Right End</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;">Beam, Support--Vertical 2</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td>1010 x 10.50&#160;</td>
			<td>w/ #7042 at D, B in Left End and at A in Right End</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;">Beam, Support--Plate Mount</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td>1030 x 8.00&#160;</td>
			<td>w/ #7036 at Left End</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;">Beam, Support--Magnet</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td>1010 x 13.50&#160;</td>
			<td>w/ #7042 at A, C, in Right End</td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Anchors (3)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">3392</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Double Anchor (3)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">3091</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Bolt Assembly (6)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">3386</td>
			<td>1/4-20 x 3/8&#34;</td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;">Button Head Socket Cap Screw (6)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">3604</td>
			<td>1/4-20 x 3/4&#34;</td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;">Ram Subassembly</td>
			<td style="width:209px;"></td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 2</td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Block, Stop</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Custom</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 3</td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Block, Guide</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Custom</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 3</td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Rod, Ram</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Custom</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Alignment Screw</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Custom</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 5</td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Plate, Mounting</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Custom</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 6</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Linear Sleeve Bearing (2)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">8649T2</td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Hex Nut (3)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>92673A125</td>
			<td>3/8-16 UNC</td>
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		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Socket Cap Screw (8)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">92196A108</td>
			<td>4/40 x 3/8&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Socket Cap Screw (6)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">92196A032</td>
			<td>4/40 x 1 1/8&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Socket Cap Screw (1)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">92196A267&#160;</td>
			<td>10/32 3/8&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Magnet Subassembly</td>
			<td style="width:209px;"></td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 7</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Mount, Magnet</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Custom</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 8</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Power Supply</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>70235K23</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Foot Switch</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>7376k2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Electromagnet</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>5698k111</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Wire - 10 feet</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">9936k12</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;">Rod, Magnet</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>95412A566</td>
			<td>1/4&#34; Threaded Rod x 7&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Corner Bracket (6)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">80/20</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">4108</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Socket Cap Screw (1)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">92196A705</td>
			<td>10/32 1 1/4&#34;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Hex Nut (4)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">McMaster-Carr</td>
			<td>92673A113</td>
			<td>1/4-20 UNC</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Complete Assembly</td>
			<td style="width:209px;"></td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 9</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Bracket, Leg Jaw (2)</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Custom</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 10</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Platform, Fracture</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Custom</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 11</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Jig, Positioning-Fracture</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Custom</td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td>Supplementary Figure 12</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Other</td>
			<td style="width:209px;"></td>
			<td style="width:147px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Pin Cutter</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Medical Supplies and Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">150S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="19">
			<td height="19" style="height:19px;width:240px;">Needles</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:147px;">Z192430, Z192376&#160;</td>
			<td>23g x 1.5&#34; - mouse femur, 27g x 1.25&#34; - mouse tibia</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

fracture apparatus design and protocol optimization for closed-stabilized fractures in rodents

在动物模型中可靠地生成一致稳定的骨折, 对于了解骨再生生物学和开发治疗方法和装置是必不可少的。然而, 现有的伤害模型受到不一致的困扰, 造成动物和资源的浪费和数据不完善。为了解决断裂异质性的问题, 本文所述方法的目的是优化每种动物的断裂生成参数, 并产生一致的断裂位置和模式。该协议说明了在小鼠菌株之间可能存在的骨骼大小和形态学的变化, 并且可以适应于其他物种 (如老鼠) 产生一致的骨折。此外, 还介绍了一种经济高效、可调节的断裂装置。与目前稳定的断裂技术相比, 优化方案和新的断裂装置表明, 稳定断裂模式和位置的一致性增加。通过使用特定于样本类型的优化参数, 所述协议提高了诱发创伤的精确度, 最大限度地减少了闭合断裂生成过程中通常观察到的断裂异质性。

以前在我们实验室使用的断头台是在2004年开发的, 是基于埃霍恩21出版的模型。该设计不允许调整, 以充分考虑任何差异的骨骼形态学和不允许可重复的定位的肢体。此外, 以前的仪器需要两个人来操作它。因此, 我们设计, 工程, 并建立了一个新的断裂装置。主要设计目标是可能的高保真度调整的裂缝深度, 冲击力, 三点接触, 和动物定位。该设计基于 Martur...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Fracture Apparatus Design and Protocol Optimization for Closed-stabilized Fractures in Rodents at JoVE.com

Fracture Apparatus Design and Protocol Optimization for Closed-stabilized Fractures in Rodents

该协议的目标是优化裂缝产生参数, 以产生一致的裂缝。这项协议解释了动物之间可能存在的骨骼大小和形态学的变化。此外, 还介绍了一种经济高效、可调节的断裂装置。

鼠类闭合稳定骨折的断裂装置设计与协议优化

The reliable generation of consistent stabilized fractures in animal models is essential for understanding the biology of bone regeneration and developing ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

The Use of Cystometry in Small Rodents: A Study of Bladder Chemosensation

的的膀胱测压小老鼠：A膀胱Chemosensation研究的使用

	The lower urinary tract (LUT) functions as a  dynamic reservoir that is able to store urine and to efficiently expel it at a  convenient time. While ...

科研

医学

Parabiosis in Mice: A Detailed Protocol

联体小鼠：一个详细的协议

Parabiosis is a surgical union of two organisms allowing sharing of the blood circulation. Attaching the skin of two animals promotes formation of ...

Cell-based Assay Protocol for the Prognostic Prediction of Idiopathic Scoliosis Using Cellular Dielectric Spectroscopy

特发性脊柱侧弯的使用蜂窝介电谱的预后预测细胞为基础的检测协议

This protocol details the experimental and analytical procedure for a cell-based assay developed in our laboratory as a functional test to predict the ...

Sequential In vivo Imaging of Osteogenic Stem/Progenitor Cells During Fracture Repair

Sequential In vivo Imaging of Osteogenic Stem/Progenitor Cells During Fracture Repair

顺序<em&gt;在体内</em&gt;成骨干/祖细胞在骨折修复的影像学

Bone turns over continuously and is highly regenerative following injury. Osteogenic stem/progenitor cells have long been hypothesized to exist, but in ...

Catheterization of the Carotid Artery and Jugular Vein to Perform Hemodynamic Measures, Infusions and Blood Sampling in a Conscious Rat Model

颈动脉和颈静脉导管在有意识大鼠模型进行血流动力学措施，输液和血液采样

The success of a small animal model to study critical illness is, in part, dependent on the ability of the model to simulate the human condition. ...

Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning:  A Neuroprotective Technique in Rodents

远程肢体缺血预适应：在啮齿动物的保护技术

Sublethal ischemia protects tissues against subsequent, more severe ischemia through the upregulation of endogenous mechanisms in the affected tissue. ...

Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction (NeMO) in Female Small Rodents

Nerve-sparing Mid-urethral Obstruction NeMO in Female Small Rodents

在女小鼠害保留神经的中期尿道梗阻（NEMO）

Partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) has a high prevalence, causes significant patient burden, and immense health care costs. The most common animal ...

In Vivo Evaluation of Fracture Callus Development During Bone Healing in Mice Using an MRI-compatible Osteosynthesis Device for the Mouse Femur

In Vivo Evaluation of Fracture Callus Development During Bone Healing in Mice Using an MRI-compatible Osteosynthesis Device for the Mouse Femur

在体内MRI 对小鼠股骨骨愈合过程中骨折愈伤组织发育的评价

Endochondral fracture healing is a complex process involving the development of fibrous, cartilaginous, and osseous tissue in the fracture callus. The ...

A Minimally Invasive Model to Analyze Endochondral Fracture Healing in Mice Under Standardized Biomechanical Conditions

标准化生物力学条件下小鼠软骨骨折愈合的微创模型分析

Bone healing models are necessary to analyze the complex mechanisms of fracture healing to improve clinical fracture treatment. During the last decade, an ...

The Generation of Closed Femoral Fractures in Mice: A Model to Study Bone Healing

小鼠闭合性股骨骨折的形成: 骨愈合模型的研究

Bone fractures impose a tremendous socio-economic burden on patients, in addition to significantly affecting their quality of life. Therapeutic strategies ...