Name: engineering transplantation-suitable retinal pigment epithelium tissue derived from human embryonic stem cells
Uploaded: 2018-09-06T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Engineering Transplantation-suitable Retinal Pigment Epithelium Tissue Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells at JoVE.com

Forfatterne vil gerne takke Jérôme Larghero og Valérie Vanneaux (Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, Frankrig) for deres bidrag under oprettelsen af metoden beskrevet her.
Dette arbejde blev støttet af tilskud fra ANR [GPiPS: ANR-2010-RFCS005; SightREPAIR: ANR-16-CE17-008-02], Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale [Bio-engineering program - DBS20140930777] og fra LABEX genoplive [ANR-10-LABX-73] til Olivier Goureau og Christelle Monville. Det blev støttet af NeurATRIS, en translationel forskningsinfrastruktur (Investissements d'Avenir) til biotherapies i neurovidenskab [ANR-11-INBS-0011] og INGESTEM, den nationale infrastruktur (Investissements d'Avenir) engineering for pluripotente og differentierede stamceller [ANR-11-INBS-000] til Christelle Monville. Karim Ben M'Barek blev støttet af stipendier fra DIM Stempole og LABEX genoplive [ANR-10-LABX-73]. -Stammen er en del af det Biotherapies Institut for sjældne sygdomme støtte fra Association Française contre les myopatier (AFM)-Téléthon.

Alle menneskelige materialer i denne protokol blev brugt i henhold til EU 's bestemmelser. Den menneskelige ES cellelinie anvendes i denne undersøgelse stammer fra en unik Foster. De par, der havde skænket embryo var fuldt informeret og gav deres samtykke til en anonym donation. En klinisk-grade menneskelige ES cellelinje var stammer fra dette Foster, krænges, kvalificeret og behørigt dokumenteret ved Roslin celler (UK). Skinker blev indkøbt under sterile forhold under en kejsersnit hos mødre, der har underskrevet ...

<ol>
	<li>Strauss, O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+retinal+pigment+epithelium+in+visual+function.">The retinal pigment epithelium in visual function.</a> Physiological Reviews. 85 (3), 845-881 (2005).</li><li>Hartong, D. T., Berson, E. L., Dryja, T. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Retinitis+pigmentosa.">Retinitis pigmentosa.</a> Lancet. 368 (9549), 1795-1809 (2006).</li><li>Daiger, S. P., Sullivan, L. S., Bowne, S. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genes+and+mutations+causing+retinitis+pigmentosa.">Genes and mutations causing retinitis pigmentosa.</a> Clinical Genetics. 84 (2), 132-141 (2013).</li><li>Gehrs, K. M., Anderson, D. H., Johnson, L. V., Hageman, G. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Age-related+macular+degeneration--emerging+pathogenetic+and+therapeutic+concepts.">Age-related macular degeneration--emerging pathogenetic and therapeutic concepts.</a> Annals of Medicine. 38 (7), 450-471 (2006).</li><li>Swaroop, A., Chew, E. Y., Rickman, C. B., Abecasis, G. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Unraveling+a+multifactorial+late-onset+disease:+from+genetic+susceptibility+to+disease+mechanisms+for+age-related+macular+degeneration.">Unraveling a multifactorial late-onset disease: from genetic susceptibility to disease mechanisms for age-related macular degeneration.</a> Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics. 10, 19-43 (2009).</li><li>Khandhadia, S., Cherry, J., Lotery, A. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Age-related+macular+degeneration.">Age-related macular degeneration.</a> Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 724, 15-36 (2012).</li><li>Wong, W. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Global+prevalence+of+age-related+macular+degeneration+and+disease+burden+projection+for+2020+and+2040:+a+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis.">Global prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and disease burden projection for 2020 and 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a> The Lancet. Global Health. 2 (2), e106-e116 (2014).</li><li>Ben M'Barek, K., Regent, F., Monville, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+human+pluripotent+stem+cells+to+study+and+treat+retinopathies.">Use of human pluripotent stem cells to study and treat retinopathies.</a> World Journal of Stem Cells. 7 (3), 596-604 (2015).</li><li>Ben M'Barek, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+ESC-derived+retinal+epithelial+cell+sheets+potentiate+rescue+of+photoreceptor+cell+loss+in+rats+with+retinal+degeneration.">Human ESC-derived retinal epithelial cell sheets potentiate rescue of photoreceptor cell loss in rats with retinal degeneration.</a> Science Translational Medicine. 9 (421), (2017).</li><li>Schwartz, S. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Embryonic+stem+cell+trials+for+macular+degeneration:+a+preliminary+report.">Embryonic stem cell trials for macular degeneration: a preliminary report.</a> Lancet. 379 (9817), 713-720 (2012).</li><li>Schwartz, S. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+embryonic+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelium+in+patients+with+age-related+macular+degeneration+and+Stargardt's+macular+dystrophy:+Follow-up+of+two+open-label+phase+1/2+studies.">Human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium in patients with age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt's macular dystrophy: Follow-up of two open-label phase 1/2 studies.</a> Lancet. 385 (9967), 509-516 (2015).</li><li>Hsiung, J., Zhu, D., Hinton, D. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Polarized+human+embryonic+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelial+cell+monolayers+have+higher+resistance+to+oxidative+stress-induced+cell+death+than+nonpolarized+cultures.">Polarized human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cell monolayers have higher resistance to oxidative stress-induced cell death than nonpolarized cultures.</a> Stem Cells Translational Medicine. 4 (1), 10-20 (2015).</li><li>Diniz, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Subretinal+implantation+of+retinal+pigment+epithelial+cells+derived+from+human+embryonic+stem+cells:+improved+survival+when+implanted+as+a+monolayer.">Subretinal implantation of retinal pigment epithelial cells derived from human embryonic stem cells: improved survival when implanted as a monolayer.</a> Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science. 54 (7), 5087-5096 (2013).</li><li>Kamao, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterization+of+human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelium+cell+sheets+aiming+for+clinical+application.">Characterization of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium cell sheets aiming for clinical application.</a> Stem Cell Reports. 2 (2), 205-218 (2014).</li><li>Mandai, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Autologous+induced+stem-cell-derived+retinal+cells+for+macular+degeneration.">Autologous induced stem-cell-derived retinal cells for macular degeneration.</a> The New England Journal of Medicine. 376 (11), 1038-1046 (2017).</li><li>Thomas, B. B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Survival+and+functionality+of+hESC-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelium+cells+cultured+as+a+monolayer+on+polymer+substrates+transplanted+in+RCS+rats.">Survival and functionality of hESC-derived retinal pigment epithelium cells cultured as a monolayer on polymer substrates transplanted in RCS rats.</a> Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science. 57 (6), 2877-2887 (2016).</li><li>Borooah, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Using+human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+to+treat+retinal+disease.">Using human induced pluripotent stem cells to treat retinal disease.</a> Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 37, 163-181 (2013).</li><li>Leach, L. L., Clegg, D. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Concise+review:+Making+stem+cells+retinal:+Methods+for+deriving+retinal+pigment+epithelium+and+implications+for+patients+with+ocular+disease.">Concise review: Making stem cells retinal: Methods for deriving retinal pigment epithelium and implications for patients with ocular disease.</a> Stem Cells. 33 (8), 2363-2373 (2015).</li><li>Reichman, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=From+confluent+human+iPS+cells+to+self-forming+neural+retina+and+retinal+pigmented+epithelium.">From confluent human iPS cells to self-forming neural retina and retinal pigmented epithelium.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 111 (23), 8518-8523 (2014).</li><li>Lustremant, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+as+a+tool+to+model+a+form+of+Leber+congenital+amaurosis.">Human induced pluripotent stem cells as a tool to model a form of Leber congenital amaurosis.</a> Cellular Reprogramming. 15 (3), 233-246 (2013).</li><li>Reichman, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+storable+retinal+organoids+and+retinal+pigmented+epithelium+from+adherent+human+iPS+Cells+in+xeno-free+and+feeder-free+conditions.">Generation of storable retinal organoids and retinal pigmented epithelium from adherent human iPS Cells in xeno-free and feeder-free conditions.</a> Stem Cells. 35 (5), 1176-1188 (2017).</li><li>Maruotti, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Small-molecule-directed,+efficient+generation+of+retinal+pigment+epithelium+from+human+pluripotent+stem+cells.">Small-molecule-directed, efficient generation of retinal pigment epithelium from human pluripotent stem cells.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 112 (35), 10950-10955 (2015).</li><li>Stanzel, B. V., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+RPE+stem+cells+grown+into+polarized+RPE+monolayers+on+a+polyester+matrix+are+maintained+after+grafting+into+rabbit+subretinal+space.">Human RPE stem cells grown into polarized RPE monolayers on a polyester matrix are maintained after grafting into rabbit subretinal space.</a> Stem Cell Reports. 2 (1), 64-77 (2014).</li><li>Ilmarinen, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ultrathin+polyimide+membrane+as+cell+carrier+for+subretinal+transplantation+of+human+embryonic+stem+cell+derived+retinal+pigment+epithelium.">Ultrathin polyimide membrane as cell carrier for subretinal transplantation of human embryonic stem cell derived retinal pigment epithelium.</a> PloS One. 10 (11), e0143669 (2015).</li><li>Thumann, G., Schraermeyer, U., Bartz-Schmidt, K. U., Heimann, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Descemet's+membrane+as+membranous+support+in+RPE/IPE+transplantation.">Descemet's membrane as membranous support in RPE/IPE transplantation.</a> Current Eye Research. 16 (12), 1236-1238 (1997).</li><li>Kiilgaard, J. F., Scherfig, E., Prause, J. U., la Cour, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transplantation+of+amniotic+membrane+to+the+subretinal+space+in+pigs.">Transplantation of amniotic membrane to the subretinal space in pigs.</a> Stem Cells International. 2012, 716968 (2012).</li><li>Capeans, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Amniotic+membrane+as+support+for+human+retinal+pigment+epithelium+(RPE)+cell+growth.">Amniotic membrane as support for human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell growth.</a> Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. 81 (3), 271-277 (2003).</li><li>Ohno-Matsui, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effects+of+amniotic+membrane+on+retinal+pigment+epithelial+cell+differentiation.">The effects of amniotic membrane on retinal pigment epithelial cell differentiation.</a> Molecular Vision. 11, 1-10 (2005).</li><li>Paolin, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Amniotic+membranes+in+ophthalmology:+long+term+data+on+transplantation+outcomes.">Amniotic membranes in ophthalmology: long term data on transplantation outcomes.</a> Cell and Tissue Banking. 17 (1), 51-58 (2016).</li><li>Hu, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+approach+for+subretinal+implantation+of+ultrathin+substrates+containing+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelium+monolayer.">A novel approach for subretinal implantation of ultrathin substrates containing stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium monolayer.</a> Ophthalmic Research. 48 (4), 186-191 (2012).</li><li>Pennington, B. O., Clegg, D. O. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pluripotent+stem+cell-based+therapies+in+combination+with+substrate+for+the+treatment+of+age-related+macular+degeneration.">Pluripotent stem cell-based therapies in combination with substrate for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration.</a> Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics: The Official Journal of the Association. 32 (5), 261-271 (2016).</li><li>Song, M. J., Bharti, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Looking+into+the+future:+Using+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+to+build+two+and+three+dimensional+ocular+tissue+for+cell+therapy+and+disease+modeling.">Looking into the future: Using induced pluripotent stem cells to build two and three dimensional ocular tissue for cell therapy and disease modeling.</a> Brain Research. 1638 (Pt A), 2-14 (2016).</li><li>Ramsden, C. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stem+cells+in+retinal+regeneration:+Past,+present+and+future).">Stem cells in retinal regeneration: Past, present and future).</a> Development. 140 (12), 2576-2585 (2013).</li><li>da Cruz, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Phase+1+clinical+study+of+an+embryonic+stem+cell-derived+retinal+pigment+epithelium+patch+in+age-related+macular+degeneration.">Phase 1 clinical study of an embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium patch in age-related macular degeneration.</a> Nature Biotechnology. 36 (4), 328-337 (2018).</li><li>Kashani, A. H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+bioengineered+retinal+pigment+epithelial+monolayer+for+advanced,+dry+age-related+macular+degeneration.">A bioengineered retinal pigment epithelial monolayer for advanced, dry age-related macular degeneration.</a> Science Translational Medicine. 10 (435), (2018).</li><li>Binder, S., Stanzel, B. V., Krebs, I., Glittenberg, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transplantation+of+the+RPE+in+AMD.">Transplantation of the RPE in AMD.</a> Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 26 (5), 516-554 (2007).</li><li>Dunn, K. C., Aotaki-Keen, A. E., Putkey, F. R., Hjelmeland, L. 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Vi beskrevet en metode for kulturen af ÅV celler på et biologisk stillads og dens forberedelse til implantation i dyremodeller. En af de afgørende trin i protokollen er vedligeholdelse af orientering af skinke hele proceduren frem til dets optagelse i gelatine. De indfødte epitel af membranen er fjernet, og dens basalmembranen bliver eksponeret9. ÅV celler skal være seedet oven på denne basalmembranen. Ved forberedelsen af gelatine indlejring, er det afgørende at arbejde med alle produkter...

ÅV er afgørende for overlevelse og homeostase af fotoreceptorer, som det er tæt forbundet1. Flere patologiske betingelser ændre dens funktionalitet og/eller overlevelse, herunder RP og AMD.
RP er en gruppe af arvelige monogene mutationer, der påvirker funktioner af fotoreceptorer eller ÅV celler eller begge2,3. Det anslås, at mutationer, der påvirker specifikt ÅV celler udgør 5% af RP2. AMD er en anden tilstand, hvor laget ÅV er ændret, førende i sidste ende til centrale synstab. AMD er forårsaget af det komplekse samspil af genetiske og miljømæssige faktorer og påvirker ældre4,5,6. Ifølge fremskrivninger, vil AMD være en bekymring for 196 millioner patienter på verdensplan af 20207. For disse lidelser, ingen effektiv kur eksisterer, og en af de foreslåede strategier er transplantation af nye ÅV celler for at kompensere for døde/nonfunctional forudbestående ÅV celler8.
Tilstanden af formuleringen af det endelige produkt til at blive podet er afgørende for at sikre de bedste funktionelle resultater. ÅV celler injiceres som en cellesuspension, selvom det er en nem og enkel metode til levering, giver anledning til bekymring med hensyn til deres overlevelse, integration og funktionalitet9,10,11,12 , 13. forskere er nu ved at udvikle mere komplicerede formuleringer at levere manipuleret retinale væv9,13,14,15,16. I denne sammenhæng udviklet vi en original metode til at generere i vitro ÅV væv, der kunne bruges til transplantation9.
ÅV cellebanker stammer fra menneskelige embryonale stamceller (ES) er brugt i denne protokol. Dog alternativ ÅV celle banker fra forskellige kilder (human-induceret pluripotente stamceller, primære ÅV celler, etc.) og differentieret med en anden metode egner sig også til denne protokol. Det omfatter styret differentiering protokoller ved hjælp af cytokiner og/eller små molekyler17,18,19,20,21,22.
For at være transplanteret, bør manipuleret væv være forberedt på et stillads. I de sidste par år, blev forskellige stilladser udviklet baseret på en polymer eller en matrix af biologisk oprindelse13,23,24. Her, den biologiske substrat anvendes er skinken, men andre substrater, som blottet Bruch membraner, kunne gennemføres. Den metode beskrevet heri har fordelen ved at bruge en biologisk stillads, der er mere relevant for ÅV indfødte miljø.
Humane ES celle-afledte ÅV celler er kulturperler i mindst 4 uger for at være fuldt organiseret som en brostensbelagte éncellelag. På tidspunkt epitel opnået er funktionelle og polariseret9. Endelig, da dette væv rynker nemt, det er indlejret i et tyndt lag af hydrogel transportør til at give det mere stivhed og elasticitet og beskytte det under proceduren injektion. Dette produkt er derefter opbevares ved 4 ° C indtil podning.

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile biosafety cabinet</td>
			<td>TechGen International</td>
			<td>Not applicable</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Liquid waste disposal system for aspiration</td>
			<td>Vacuubrand</td>
			<td>BVC 21</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CO2-controlled +37&#160;&#176;C cell incubator</td>
			<td>Thermo Electron Corporation</td>
			<td>BVC 21 NT</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>200&#160;&#181;L pipette: P200</td>
			<td>Gilson</td>
			<td>F144565</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1&#160;mL pipette: P1000</td>
			<td>Gilson</td>
			<td>F144566</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pipet aid</td>
			<td>Drummond</td>
			<td>75001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>+4&#160;&#176;C refrigerator</td>
			<td>Liebherr</td>
			<td>Not applicable</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vibratome</td>
			<td>Leica</td>
			<td>VT1000S</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fine scissors</td>
			<td>WPI</td>
			<td>501758</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Forceps (x2)</td>
			<td>WPI</td>
			<td>555227F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Water bath</td>
			<td>Grant subaqua pro</td>
			<td>SUB6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Precision balance</td>
			<td>Sartorius</td>
			<td>CP225D</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifuge</td>
			<td>Eppendorff</td>
			<td>5804</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>SC30</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Horizontal Rocking Shaker</td>
			<td>IKA-WERKE</td>
			<td>IKA MTS 214D</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vortex</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>LAB DANCER S40</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Disposable Scalpel</td>
			<td>WPI</td>
			<td>500351</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>plastic paraffin film</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>PM992</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.200 &#181;m single use syringe filter</td>
			<td>SARTORIUS</td>
			<td>16532</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Syringe without needle 50 mL</td>
			<td>Dutscher</td>
			<td>50012</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bottles 250mL</td>
			<td>Dutscher</td>
			<td>28024</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>15 mL sterile Falcon tubes</td>
			<td>Dutscher</td>
			<td>352097</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>50 mL sterile Falcon tubes</td>
			<td>Dutscher</td>
			<td>352098</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>culture insert</td>
			<td>Scaffdex</td>
			<td>C00001N</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>60&#160;mm cell culture disches: B6</td>
			<td>Dutscher</td>
			<td>353004</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>12 well cell culture plate</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>3512</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>6-well culture plates</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>3506</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Razor blades</td>
			<td>Ted Pella, Inc</td>
			<td>121-9</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cyanoacrylate glue</td>
			<td>Castorama</td>
			<td>3178040670105</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS 1X (500&#160;mL)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>D8537</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thermolysine</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>5339880001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>DMEM, high glucose, GlutaMAX</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>61965-026</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>KSR CTS (KnockOut SR XenoFree CTS)</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>12618-013</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MEM-NEAA (100X)</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>11140-035</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>b-mercaptoethanol (50&#160;mM)</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>31350-010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin/Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>15140122</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CO2-independent medium</td>
			<td>GIBCO</td>
			<td>18045-054</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gelatin</td>
			<td>MERCK</td>
			<td>104078</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>human amniotic membrane</td>
			<td>Tissue bank St Louis hospital (Paris, France)</td>
			<td>Not applicable</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

engineering transplantation-suitable retinal pigment epithelium tissue derived from human embryonic stem cells

Flere patologiske tilstande i øjet påvirke funktionaliteten og/eller overlevelsen af den retinale pigment epitel (ÅV). Disse omfatter nogle former for retinitis pigmentosa (RP) og aldersbetinget makuladegeneration (AMD). Celleterapi er en af de mest lovende terapeutisk strategier foreslås at helbrede disse sygdomme med allerede opmuntrende foreløbige resultater i mennesker. Metode til forberedelse af graften har imidlertid en betydelig indvirkning på dets funktionelle resultater in vivo. ÅV celler podet som en cellesuspension er faktisk mindre funktionel end de samme celler transplanteret som en retinal væv. Heri beskrives en simpel og reproducerbar metode til ingeniør ÅV væv og dens forberedelse til en i vivo implantation. ÅV celler, der stammer fra humane pluripotente stamceller udsås på et biologisk støtte, den menneskelige fostervand membran (skinke). Sammenlignet med kunstige stilladser, har denne støtte fordelen at have en basalmembran, der er tæt på Bruchs membran hvor endogene ÅV celler er knyttet. Men dens manipulation er ikke let, og vi udviklet flere strategier til sin rette dyrkning og forberedelse til podning in vivo.

Skinker indeholder en epitel lag, der bør fjernes før såning af ÅV celler. En enzymatisk behandling af membranen er udført med thermolysin under omrystning. I orden ikke at ikke miste polariteten af membranen (epitel er på den ene side), det er fastsat på et bærestof, hvilken sammensætning kunne være forskellige, afhængigt af udbyderen (figur 1A). Kontrollere vedhæftning af membran til sin støtte på dette trin og tilføje klip, hvis nødvendigt....

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Engineering Transplantation-suitable Retinal Pigment Epithelium Tissue Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells at JoVE.com

Engineering Transplantation-suitable Retinal Pigment Epithelium Tissue Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Engineering Transplantation-egnet retinale Pigment epitelvæv stammer fra menneskelige embryonale stamceller

Vi beskriver en metode til at ingeniør en retinal væv består af retinale pigment epitel celler, der stammer fra humane pluripotente stamceller kulturperler oven på menneskelige fostervand membraner og dens forberedelse til podning i dyremodeller.

Several pathological conditions of the eye affect the functionality and/or the survival of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). These include some forms ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

Derivation of Cardiac Progenitor Cells from Embryonic Stem Cells

Afledning af Cardiac progenitorceller af embryonale stamceller

Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) have the capacity to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells (SMC), and endothelial cells and hold great ...

Efficient Derivation of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells from Stem Cells

Effektiv Udledning af retinale pigmentepitel Celler fra stamceller

No cure has been discovered for age-related macular degeneration  (AMD), the leading cause of vision loss in people over the age of 55. AMD is complex ...

Deriving Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) from Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells by Different Sizes of Embryoid Bodies

Deriving Retinal Pigment Epithelium RPE from Induced Pluripotent Stem iPS Cells by Different Sizes of Embryoid Bodies

Følger retinale pigmentepitel (RPE) fra induceret Pluripotente Stem (IPS) Celler ved forskellige størrelser af embryoide legemer

Pluripotent stem cells possess the ability to proliferate indefinitely and to differentiate into almost any cell type. Additionally, the development of ...

Three-dimensional Quantification of Dendritic Spines from Pyramidal Neurons Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Tre-dimensionel Kvantificering af dendritiske Spines fra pyramideneuroner Afledt af menneskeskabte pluripotente stamceller

Dendritic spines are small protrusions that correspond to the post-synaptic compartments of excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. They are ...

A Quick and Efficient Method for the Purification of Endoderm Cells Generated from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

En hurtig og effektiv metode til rensning af endoderm celler Genereret fra menneskelige embryonale stamceller

The differentiation capabilities of pluripotent stem cells such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) allow a potential therapeutic application for cell ...

Isolation and Expansion of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Human Placenta Tissue

Isolation og udvidelse af mesenchymstamceller / stromacellers afledt af humane Placenta Tissue

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are promising candidates for use in cell-based therapies. In most cases, therapeutic response appears to be cell-dose ...

Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Cardiac Cells for Myocardial Repair

Pluripotente Stem Cell Afledt hjerteceller til Myokardie Repair

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) must be fully differentiated into specific cell types before administration, but conventional protocols for ...

Differentiating Chondrocytes from Peripheral Blood-derived Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Differentierende chondrocytter fra perifert blodafledte humane inducerede pluripotente stamceller

In this study, we used peripheral blood cells (PBCs) as seed cells to produce chondrocytes via induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in an ...

Rapid, Directed Differentiation of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells from Human Embryonic or Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Hurtig, instrueret differentiering af retinale Pigment epitel celler fra menneskelige embryonale eller induceret pluripotente stamceller

We describe a robust method to direct the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). The purpose of providing ...

Culturing of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells on an Ex Vivo Model of Aged Human Bruch's Membrane

Culturing of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells on an Ex Vivo Model of Aged Human Bruch's Membrane

Dyrkning af retinale Pigment epitel celler på en Ex Vivo Model af alderen menneskelige Bruchs membran

Aside from vitamins and antioxidants recommended by the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, there is no effective therapy for &#34;dry,&#34;&#160;or atrophic ...