Name: genetic incorporation of biosynthesized l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) and its application to protein conjugation
Uploaded: 2018-08-24T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Genetic Incorporation of Biosynthesized L-dihydroxyphenylalanine DOPA and Its Application to Protein Conjugation at JoVE.com

Denne forskning blev støttet af den globale grænse Research Program (NRF-2015M3A6A8065833), og den grundlæggende videnskab forskningsprogram (2018R1A6A1A03024940) gennem National Research Foundation af Korea (NRF) finansieret af Korea regering.

1. plasmid konstruktion
<ol><li>Konstruere et udtryk plasmid (pBAD-dobbelt-TPL-normal god landbrugspraksis-WT), der udtrykker TPL-genet fra Citrobacter freundii under kontrol af en konstitutive promoter og grønt fluorescerende proteiner (NGL) genet med en hans6-tag under kontrol af den araBAD promotor. PBAD-dual-TPL-normal god landbrugspraksis-E90TAG, Erstat codon for webstedet (E90) af DOPA med en rav codon (TAG), ved hjælp af en site-directed mutagenese protokol. Detaljer for opførelsen af denn...

<ol>
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H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mini-review:+The+role+of+redox+in+DOPA-mediated+marine+adhesion.">Mini-review: The role of redox in DOPA-mediated marine adhesion.</a> Biofouling. 28 (8), 865-877 (2012).</li><li>Silverman, H. G., Roberto, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Understanding+marine+mussel+adhesion.">Understanding marine mussel adhesion.</a> Marine Biotechnology. 9 (6), 661-681 (2007).</li><li>Lee, B. P., Messersmith, P. B., Israelachvili, J. N., Waite, J. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mussel-inspired+adhesives+and+coatings.">Mussel-inspired adhesives and coatings.</a> Annual Review of Materials Research. 41, 99-132 (2011).</li><li>Umeda, A., Thibodeux, G. N., Zhu, J., Lee, Y., Zhang, Z. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Site-specific+protein+cross-linking+with+genetically+incorporated+3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine.">Site-specific protein cross-linking with genetically incorporated 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine.</a> ChemBioChem. 10 (8), 1302-1304 (2009).</li><li>Umeda, A., Thibodeux, G. N., Moncivais, K., Jiang, F., Zhang, Z. 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I denne protokol, er biosyntese og direkte iblanding af DOPA beskrevet. Den bakterielle celle i denne metode kan syntetisere en yderligere aminosyre og bruge det som en unaturlig byggesten for proteinsyntese. Den genetiske indarbejdelse af unaturlige aminosyrer har været en nøgleteknologi til udvikling af unaturlige organisme med en udvidet genetiske kode. Dog, denne metode har været teknisk ufuldstændige og ændres for at forbedre indarbejdelse effektivitet og minimere undertrykkelse af netbårne til endogene maskin...

DOPA er en aminosyre, der er involverede i biosyntesen af katekolaminer i dyr og planter. Denne aminosyre er syntetiseret fra Tyr af tyrosin hydroxylase og molekylær ilt (O2)1. Fordi DOPA er en forløber for dopamin og kan præge blod - hjerne barrieren, har det været brugt i behandlingen af Parkinsons sygdom2. DOPA er også fundet i mussel vedhæftning proteiner (kort), som er ansvarlige for de klæbende egenskaber af muslinger i våde forhold3,4,5,6,7. Tyr er oprindeligt kodet på positioner hvor DOPA er fundet i MAPs og omdannes derefter til DOPA af tyrosinases8,9. På grund af sin interessante biokemiske egenskaber, er DOPA blevet brugt i en lang række applikationer. Dihydroxyl gruppen af DOPA er kemisk udsat for oxidation, og aminosyre er let omdannes til L-dopaquinone, en forløber for melaninas. På grund af sin høje electrofilia, har L-dopaquinone og derivater deraf været brugt til crosslinking og konjugering med dithioler og aminer10,11,12,13. 1,2-quinones kan også fungere som en Dien for cycloaddition reaktioner og har været brugt til bioconjugation af stamme-forfremmet oxidation-kontrollerede cyclooctyne-1,2-Quinon (SPOCQ) cycloaddition14. Derudover gruppen dihydroxyl kan Chelat metalioner som Fe3 + og Cu2 +, og proteiner der indeholder DOPA har været udnyttet til medicinafgivelse og metal-ion sensing15,16.
DOPA har været genetisk indarbejdet i proteiner ved hjælp af en ortogonal aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) og aminoacyl-tRNA syntetase (aaRS) par17 og anvendes til protein konjugering og crosslinking10,11, 12,13. I denne betænkning, er eksperimentelle resultater og protokoller for den genetiske indarbejdelse af DOPA biosynthesized fra billige råvarer og dets applikationer til bioconjugation beskrevet. DOPA er biosynthesized ved hjælp af en TPL og start fra catechol, pyruvat og ammoniak i Escherichia coli. Biosynthesized DOPA er direkte indarbejdet i proteiner at give udtryk for en udviklet aa-tRNA og aaRS par for DOPA. Derudover er biosynthesized protein som indeholder DOPA site-specifically konjugeret med et fluorescerende sonde og crosslinked at producere protein oligomerer. Denne protokol vil være nyttigt for protein forskere, at biosynthesize mutant proteiner der indeholder DOPA og konjugat proteiner med biokemiske sonder eller narkotika for industrielle og farmaceutiske anvendelser.

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">1. Plasmid Construction</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">Plasmid pBAD-dual-TPL-GFP-E90TAG</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td>optionally contain the amber stop codon(TAG) at a desired position. Ko, W. et al. Efficient and Site-Specific Antibody Labeling by Strain-promoted Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition. BKCS. 36 (9), 2352-2354, doi: 10.1002/bkcs.10423, (2015)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Plasmid pEvol-DHPRS2</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td>1. Young, T. S., Ahmad, I., Yin, J. A., and Schultz, P. G. An enhanced system for unnatural amino acid mutagenesis in E. coli. J. Mol. Biol. 395 (2), 361-374, doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2009.10.030, (2010) 2. Kim, S., Sung, B. H., Kim, S. C., Lee, H. S. Genetic incorporation of l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) biosynthesized by a tyrosine phenol-lyase. Chem. Commun. 54 (24), 3002-3005, doi: 10.1039/c8cc00281a (2018).</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">DH10&#946;</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">C6400-03</td>
			<td>Expression Host</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Plasmid Mini-prep kit</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Nucleogen</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">5112</td>
			<td>200/pack</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Agarose</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Intron biotechnology</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">32034</td>
			<td>500 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Ethidium bromide</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Alfa Aesar</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">L07482</td>
			<td>1 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">LB Broth</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">BD Difco</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">244620</td>
			<td>500 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:596px;">2. Culture preparation</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
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			<td height="20" style="height:20px;width:596px;">2.1) Electroporation</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Micro pulser&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">BIO-RAD</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">165-2100</td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Micro pulser cuvette</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">BIO-RAD</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">165-2089</td>
			<td style="width:339px;">0.1 cm electrode gap, pkg. of 50</td>
		</tr>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Ampicillin Sodium</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Wako</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">018-10372</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Chloramphenicol</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Alfa Aesar</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">B20841</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Agar</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">214230</td>
			<td>500 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">SOC medium</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">S1797</td>
			<td>100 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">3. Expression and Purification of GFP-E90DOPA by biosynthetic system</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
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		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:596px;">3.1 Expression of GFP-E90DOPA by biosynthetic system</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L(+)-Arabinose, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Acros</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">104981000</td>
			<td>100 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Pyrocatechol, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">P1387</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Ammonium sulfate, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">A0943</td>
			<td>500 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">pyruvic acid, 98%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Alfa Aesar</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">A13875</td>
			<td>100 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Sodium phosphate dibasic, anhydrous, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">S0891</td>
			<td>1 kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Potassium phophate, monobasic, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">P1127</td>
			<td>1 kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Magnesium sulfate, anhydrous, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">M0146</td>
			<td>1 kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">D(+)-Glucose, anhydrous, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">D0092</td>
			<td>500 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Glycerol, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">G0269</td>
			<td>1 kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Trace metal mix a5 with co</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">92949</td>
			<td>25 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Proline, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">P1257</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Phenylalanine, 98.5%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">P1982</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Tryptophane</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">JUNSEI</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">49550-0310</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">L-Arginine, 98%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">A1149</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Glutamine, 98%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">JUNSEI</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">27340-0310</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Asparagine monohydrate, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">A1198</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Methionine</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">JUNSEI</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">73190-0410</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">L-Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">H0604</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Threonine, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">T2938</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Leucine</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">JUNSEI</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">87070-0310</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Glycine, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">G0286</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Glutamic acid, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">G0233</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Alanine, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">A1543</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Isoleucine, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">I1049</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Valine, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">V0088</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Serine</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">S2447</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Aspartic acid</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">A1205</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">L-Lysine monohydrochloride, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">L0592</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">3.2 Cell lysis</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Imidazole, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">I0578</td>
			<td>1kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Sodium phosphate monobasic, 98%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">S0919</td>
			<td>1 kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Sodium Chloride, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">S2907</td>
			<td>1 kg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">Ultrasonic Processor - 150 microliters to 150 milliliters</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SONIC &#38; MATERIALS</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">VCX130</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">3.3 Ni-NTA Affinity Chromatography</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Ni-NTA resin</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">QIAGEN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">30210</td>
			<td>25 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">Polypropylene column</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">QIAGEN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">34924</td>
			<td>50/pack, 1 mL capacity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:596px;">4. Oligomerization of Purified GFP-E90DOPA&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">Sodium periodate, 99.8&#38;</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Acros</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">419610050</td>
			<td>5 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:596px;">5. Conjugation of GFP-E90DOPA with an Alkyne Probe by Strain-Promoted Oxidation-Controlled Cyclooctyne&#8211;1,2-Quinone Cycloaddition (SPOCQ)&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">Cy5.5-ADIBO&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">FutureChem</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">FC-6119</td>
			<td>1mg</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">6. Purification of Labeled GFP</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">Amicon Ultra 0.5 mL Centrifugal Filters</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">MILLIPORE</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">UFC500396</td>
			<td>96/pack, 500ul capacity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">7. SDS-PAGE Analysis and Fluorescence Gel Scanning</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">1,4-Dithio-DL-threitol, DTT, 99.5 %</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">10708984001</td>
			<td>10 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">NuPAGE LDS Sample Buffer, 4X</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Thermofisher</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">NP0007</td>
			<td>10 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">MES running buffer</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Thermofisher</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">NP0002</td>
			<td>500 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Nupage Novex 4-12% SDS PAGE gels</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Thermofisher</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">NO0321</td>
			<td>12 well</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Wako</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">031-17922</td>
			<td>25 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">G:BOX Chemi Fluorescent &#38; Chemiluminescent Imaging System</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Syngene</td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td>G BOX Chemi XT4</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:596px;">8. MALDI-TOF MS analysis by Trypsin Digestion</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:596px;">8.1 Preparation of the digested peptide sample by trypsin digestion</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">T1351</td>
			<td>500 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Hydrochloric acid, 35~37%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">H0256</td>
			<td>500 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt, 85%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">D1070</td>
			<td>250 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Iodoacetamide</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">I6125</td>
			<td>5 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="23">
			<td height="23" style="height:23px;width:596px;">Trypsin Protease, MS Grade</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Thermofisher</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">90057</td>
			<td>5 x 20 &#181;g/pack</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">C-18 spin columns</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Thermofisher</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">89870</td>
			<td>25/pack, 200 &#181;L capacity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:21px;width:596px;">8.2 Analysis of the digested peptide by MALDI-TOF</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td style="width:339px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Acetonitirile, 99.5%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">A0125</td>
			<td>500 mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">&#945;-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Sigma</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">C2020</td>
			<td>10 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Trifluoroacetic acid, 99%</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">SAMCHUN</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">T1666</td>
			<td>100 g</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">MTP 384 target plate ground steel BC targets</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Bruker</td>
			<td style="width:133px;">8280784</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:596px;">Bruker Autoflex Speed MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">Bruker</td>
			<td style="width:133px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

genetic incorporation of biosynthesized l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) and its application to protein conjugation

L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) er en aminosyre, der findes i biosyntesen af katekolaminer i dyr og planter. På grund af dens særlige biokemiske egenskaber har aminosyren flere anvendelser i biokemiske anvendelser. Denne rapport beskriver en protokol til den genetiske indbygning af biosynthesized DOPA og dens anvendelse på protein konjugering. DOPA er biosynthesized af en tyrosin phenol-lyase (TPL) fra catechol, pyruvat og ammoniak, og aminosyre er direkte indarbejdet i proteiner af den genetiske indarbejdelse metode ved hjælp af en udviklet aminoacyl-tRNA og aminoacyl-tRNA syntetase par. Denne direkte iblanding system inkorporerer effektivt DOPA med lille inkorporering af andre naturlige aminosyrer og med bedre protein udbytte end den tidligere genetiske indarbejdelse system for DOPA. Protein konjugering med DOPA-indeholdende proteiner er effektiv og lokationsspecifikke og viser sin anvendelighed til forskellige applikationer. Denne protokol giver protein forskere med detaljerede procedurer for effektiv biosyntesen af mutant proteiner der indeholder DOPA på ønskede sites og deres konjugering for industrielle og farmaceutiske anvendelser.

Expression system til den direkte iblanding af DOPA biosynthesized fra en TPL er vist i figur 1. Gener for udviklet aa-tRNA og aaRS parret er placeret i et plasmid, og normal god landbrugspraksis genet (normal god landbrugspraksis-E90TAG) indeholdende en rav codon startposition 90 er beliggende i en anden plasmid at vurdere integrationen af DOPA af normal god landbrugspraksis fluorescens. TPL-genet er placeret i den samme udtryk plasmid indeholdende normal go...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Genetic Incorporation of Biosynthesized L-dihydroxyphenylalanine DOPA and Its Application to Protein Conjugation at JoVE.com

Genetic Incorporation of Biosynthesized L-dihydroxyphenylalanine DOPA and Its Application to Protein Conjugation

Genetiske indarbejdelse af Biosynthesized L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) og dens anvendelse på Protein konjugation

Vi præsenterer her, en protokol for den genetiske indarbejdelse af L-dihydroxyphenylalanine biosynthesized fra simple udgangsmaterialer og dens anvendelse på protein konjugering.

L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) is an amino acid found in the biosynthesis of catecholamines in animals and plants. Because of its particular biochemical ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biochemistry

Genetic Incorporation of Biosynthesized L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and Its Application to Protein Conjugation

A Protein Preparation Method for the High-throughput Identification of Proteins Interacting with a Nuclear Cofactor Using LC-MS/MS Analysis

En Protein Forberedelse Metode til High-throughput Identifikation af proteiner Samspil med en Nuclear Cofactor Brug LC-MS / MS-analyse

Transcriptional coregulators are vital to the efficient transcriptional regulation of nuclear chromatin structure. Coregulators play a variety of roles in ...

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Radioactive pulse-chase labeling is a powerful tool for studying the conformational maturation, the transport to their functional cellular location, and ...

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A transcription factor&#160;(TF) is a protein that regulates gene expression by interacting with the RNA polymerase, another TF, and/or template DNA. GrgA ...

PeptiQuick, a One-Step Incorporation of Membrane Proteins into Biotinylated Peptidiscs for Streamlined Protein Binding Assays

PeptiQuick, et et-trins inkorporering af membran proteiner i Biotinylerede Peptiskiver for strømlinede protein bindende assays

Membrane proteins, including transporters, channels, and receptors, constitute nearly one-fourth of the cellular proteome and over half of current drug ...

Creating Highly Specific Chemically Induced Protein Dimerization Systems by Stepwise Phage Selection of a Combinatorial Single-Domain Antibody Library

Oprettelse af meget specifikke kemisk induceret protein Dimerization systemer ved trinvis Phage udvælgelse af en kombinatorisk enkelt domæne antistof bibliotek

Protein dimerization events that occur only in the presence of a small-molecule ligand enable the development of small-molecule biosensors for the ...

JUMPn: A Streamlined Application for Protein Co-Expression Clustering and Network Analysis in Proteomics

JUMPn: En strømlinet applikation til protein co-ekspressionsklynger og netværksanalyse i proteomics

With recent advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics technologies, deep profiling of hundreds of proteomes has become increasingly feasible. ...

Exploring Biomolecular Interaction Between the Molecular Chaperone Hsp90 and Its Client Protein Kinase Cdc37 using Field-Effect Biosensing Technology

Udforskning af biomolekylær interaktion mellem den molekylære chaperon Hsp90 og dens klientproteinkinase Cdc37 ved hjælp af felteffektbiosensingteknologi

Biomolecular interactions play versatile roles in numerous cellular processes&#160;by regulating and coordinating functionally relevant biological events. ...

Pulldown Assay Coupled with Co-Expression in Bacteria Cells as a Time-Efficient Tool for Testing Challenging Protein-Protein Interactions

Pulldown-analyse kombineret med co-ekspression i bakterieceller som et tidseffektivt værktøj til test af udfordrende protein-protein-interaktioner

Pulldown is an easy and widely used protein-protein interaction assay. However, it has limitations in studying protein complexes that do not assemble ...